Ukuqiniswa kwe-Acromegaly? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-Acromegaly ingxaki yohlobo oluyimfihlo yehomoni eyenzeka uma umzimba wakho ukhulula i-growth hormone eningi kakhulu, ngokuvamile ebuntwini. Le growth hormone eyengeziwe iholela ekukhuleni kwamafu, amatishu, namalungu omzimba wakho ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, okuholela ezinguqukweni ezibonakalayo zomzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nakuba le meko ithonya abantu abangu-3 kuya kwaba ngu-4 kuphela ngalinye isigidi ngonyaka, ukuqonda izimpawu zayo nokuthola ukwelashwa okuqondile kungakusiza ukuthi uyiphathe kahle. Lezi zinguquko ngokuvamile zikhula kancane, okusho ukuthi ukuqaphela kwasekuqaleni nokukhathalela kwezokwelapha kungenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni yakho yempilo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-acromegaly?

Izimpawu ze-acromegaly zikhula kancane eminyakeni eminingi, kungakho ngokuvamile zingaphawulwa ekuqaleni. Umzimba wakho uyashintsha kancane kangangokuthi ungase ungaziboni ngaso leso sikhathi, futhi abangani bakho nomndeni wakho bangase bangaziboni.

Nawa amanye ashintsho omzimba ovame ukubonwa:

• Izandla nezinyawo zakho zikhula, zenza ama-ring aqine futhi izicathulo zingakhululeki
• Izici zobuso ziqhamukile, kufaka phakathi umgubhu omkhulu, khala, ne-brow
• Ulwimi lwakho lukhula, okungathinta inkulumo nokuphefumula
• Isikhumba siqina, sinamafutha, futhi sikhula ama-skin tags
• Kukhula izikhala phakathi kwamazinyo akho njengoba umgubhu wakho ukhula
• Ilizwi lakho liba nzima futhi libe buthuntu

Ngaphandle kokushintsha komzimba, ungase futhi uqaphele ezinye izimpawu ezithinta indlela ozizwa ngayo usuku nosuku. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi izikhathi zokukhathazeka okukhulu, ubuhlungu bezinhlangothi nokuqina, ukukhathala okungapheli ngisho nalapho ungasebenzi, nokukhipha ukushisa okukhulu ngisho nalapho ungasebenzi.

Abanye abantu baba nezinkinga zokubona, ikakhulukazi ukulahlekelwa ukubona okuphakathi, ngoba i-tumor ebangela i-acromegaly ingacindezela izakhiwo eziseduze ebuchosheni bakho. I-Sleep apnea ivame kakhulu, lapho ukuphefumula kwakho kuye kuphazamiseke futhi kuqale ngesikhathi ulele, ngokuvamile ngenxa yamatishu amakhulu ehlombe lakho.

Yini ebangela i-acromegaly?

I-Acromegaly cishe ibonakala ngenxa ye-tumor enhle e-pituitary gland yakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-pituitary adenoma. Le tumor encane ikhulula i-growth hormone eningi kakhulu, iphazamisa ibhalansi yehomoni ejwayelekile yomzimba wakho.

I-pituitary gland yakho, enkulu njenge-pea, ihlala phansi kobuchopho bakho futhi ngokujwayelekile ikhulula inani elifanele le-growth hormone. Uma i-tumor ikhula lapho, isebenza njengompompi oqhekekile ongayivali, ikhulula ngokuqhubekayo i-hormone eyengeziwe egazini lakho.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, i-acromegaly ingabangelwa ama-tumor kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, njenge-pancreas noma amaphunga, akhulula i-growth hormone-releasing hormone. La ma-tumor atshela i-pituitary gland yakho ukuba enze i-growth hormone eningi kakhulu, idala umphumela ofanayo.

Isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani la ma-pituitary tumors akhula asiqondakali ngokuphelele. Awufihliwe ezimeni eziningi, futhi kubonakala sengathi awubangelwa yilutho olukwenzile noma olungakwenzanga.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela nge-acromegaly?

Kufanele ubona udokotela uma uqaphela izinguquko ezihamba kancane ebukhoneni bakho, ikakhulukazi uma izandla, izinyawo, noma izici zobuso zibukeka zikhula. Njengoba lezi zinguquko zenzeka kancane, kuwusizo ukuqhathanisa izithombe zakamuva nalezo ezazithathwe eminyakeni embalwa edlule.

Ungalindi uma uhlushwa yizikhathi zokukhathazeka eziqhubekayo, izinguquko zokubona, noma ubuhlungu bezinhlangothi obungenasizathu esicacile. Lezi zimpawu, kanye nezinguquko zomzimba, zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izinkinga zokulala, ikakhulukazi uma umlingani wakho eqaphela ukuthi ukhala kakhulu noma ukuma ukuphefumula ngesikhathi ulele, kuyisizathu esibalulekile sokuya kudokotela. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi lezi zimpawu zihlangene ne-acromegaly noma enye isimo.

Khumbula, ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi ezihambisana ne-acromegaly. Uma kukhona okubonakala kuhlukile emzimbeni wakho, thembela ezingqondweni zakho futhi uxoxe ngezinkinga zakho nomhlinzeki wezempilo.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-acromegaly?

I-Acromegaly ithonya amadoda nabesifazane ngokulinganayo futhi ngokuvamile ikhula phakathi kweminyaka engu-30 no-50, nakuba ingenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Lokhu kusimo kubonakala kungadluli emindenini ezimeni eziningi, okusho ukuthi ukuba nomuntu wendlu onale acromegaly akukhuphuli kakhulu ingozi yakho.

Azikho izici ezithile zokuphila noma izenzo ezikhuphula ingozi yakho yokuthola i-acromegaly. Ama-pituitary tumors abangela le meko kubonakala evela ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okungavikeleka.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, i-acromegaly ingaba yingxenye ye-genetic syndromes njenge-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 noma i-McCune-Albright syndrome. Noma kunjalo, lezi zibala ngaphansi kuka-5% yezimo ze-acromegaly.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-acromegaly?

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-acromegaly ingabangela izinkinga eziningi zempilo ezinkulu ezikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubaluleke kangaka empilweni yakho yesikhathi eside.

Izinkinga ezivamile kakhulu zithinta inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi. I-High blood pressure ikhula cishe kwesigamu sabantu abane-acromegaly, futhi inhliziyo yakho ingakhula, iyenze isebenze ngokungalungi. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa i-diabetes ngoba i-growth hormone eyengeziwe iphazamisa indlela umzimba wakho osetshenziswa yi-insulin.

Izinkinga zezinhlangothi zivame kakhulu futhi zingaba nzima kakhulu. I-cartilage yakho ingaqina futhi ibe buthuntu ngokungalungi, okuholela e-arthritis nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi emhlane, ezinhlangothini, nasemadolweni.

I-Sleep apnea ithonya abantu abaningi abane-acromegaly futhi ingaba nzima uma ingalashwa. Amatishu amakhulu ehlombe lakho nolwimi angavimba indlela yokuphefumula ngesikhathi ulele, okuholela ekungabi khona kokulala okuhle nokucindezela inhliziyo yakho.

Izinkinga zokubona zingaba khona uma i-pituitary tumor ikhula ngokwanele ukucindezela ama-optic nerves akho. Lokhu ngokuvamile kubangela ukulahlekelwa ukubona okuphakathi, okungathinta ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphephile noma ukuhamba endaweni yakho.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okuqondile kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi futhi kuphinde kubeke ezinye, ikakhulukazi uma kubanjwe kwasekuqaleni.

I-acromegaly ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-acromegaly ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuqale amazinga e-growth hormone yakho ne-insulin-like growth factor 1. Udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngale mihlola uma ekrotha i-acromegaly ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa komzimba.

Njengoba amazinga e-growth hormone ashintsha usuku lonke, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise i-glucose tolerance test. Uzophuza isisombululo esinomswakama, bese igazi lakho lihlolwa ukuze libone ukuthi amazinga e-growth hormone yakho ewa ngokujwayelekile yini, okumele enze kubantu abaphilile.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuqinisekisa i-growth hormone eyengeziwe, uzodinga izifundo zokutholakala ukuze uthole umthombo. I-MRI yobuchopho bakho ingathola ama-pituitary tumors, kanti ezinye izifundo zingase zidingeke uma i-tumor itholakala kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlole ukubona kwakho futhi ahlole ezinye izilinganiso zehomoni, njengoba ama-pituitary tumors ngezinye izikhathi angathinta ukukhiqizwa kwezinye izinhlobo zehomoni ezibalulekile njenge-cortisol noma i-thyroid hormone.

Kuyini ukwelashwa kwe-acromegaly?

Ukwelashwa kwe-acromegaly kugxile ekunciphiseni amazinga e-growth hormone abe ajwayelekile nokuphatha izimpawu. Indlela ethile ixhomeke ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kwe-tumor yakho, impilo yakho yonke, nezifiso zakho.

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba ukwelashwa okuqala, ikakhulukazi kuma-pituitary tumors amancane. I-neurosurgeon eqeqeshwe kahle ingasusa i-tumor ngaphansi kwesango lakho usebenzisa indlela encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-transsphenoidal surgery. Le ndlela ngokuvamile inikeza imiphumela ngokushesha ngokubuyela emuva okusheshayo.

Imithi ingaba yiphumelela kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ukuhlinzwa kungenakwenzeka noma akulinganisi amazinga ehomoni ngokuphelele. Le mi-drug isebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene - ezinye zivala ama-growth hormone receptors, kanti ezinye zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwehomoni kusuka ku-tumor ngokwayo.

I-Radiation therapy ingase icelwe uma ukuhlinzwa nemithi ingalawuli amazinga ehomoni akho ngokwanele. Nakuba i-radiation isebenza kancane eminyakeni eminingi, ingaba yiphumelela kakhulu ekulawuleni isikhathi eside.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa cishe luzoba neqembu lochwepheshe, kufaka phakathi i-endocrinologist eyingcweti ezindabeni zehomoni futhi mhlawumbe i-neurosurgeon. Ukulandelela okuqhubekayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza futhi kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinguquko kwasekuqaleni.

Indlela yokuphatha i-acromegaly ekhaya?

Ukuphatha i-acromegaly ekhaya kuhilela ukusebenzisa imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo nokubuka izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela. Gcina idayari yendlela ozizwa ngayo, kufaka phakathi amazinga amandla, ubuhlungu bezinhlangothi, nanoma yiziphi izinguquko ebukhoneni bakho.

Ukuzivocavoca okuqhubekayo kungasiza ekuqinisweni kokuguquguquka kwezinhlangothi nokuphatha ezinye izimpawu, nakuba kufanele uxoxe ngemisebenzi efanele nodokotela wakho. Ukubhukuda nokuqina okuthambile ngokuvamile kuyizindlela ezinhle ezingacindezeli izinhlangothi ezinkulu.

Uma une-sleep apnea ehambisana ne-acromegaly, ukusebenzisa i-CPAP machine njengoba kunqunyiwe kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokulala namandla akho. Ukudala isikhathi sokulala esiqondile futhi kusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uphumule futhi ubuyele.

Ukuphatha ezinye izimo zempilo njenge-diabetes noma i-high blood pressure kuba yinto ebalulekile uma une-acromegaly. Landela izeluleko zedokotela wakho zokudla, imithi, nokubuka lezi zimo eduze.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yedokotela?

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, buthana izithombe zakho ezivela ezikhathini ezahlukene, ngokukhethekile ezimbalwa eminyakeni. Lezi ziqhathaniso ezibonakalayo zingasiza udokotela wakho ukuba abone izinguquko ezingase zingabonakali ngesikhathi sokuvakasha okukodwa.

Yenza uhlu oluphelele lazo zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi lapho uqale ukuzibona khona nokuthi zishintshile kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Faka izinkinga ezingabonakali njengokukhathazeka, ubuhlungu bezinhlangothi, noma izinkinga zokulala, njengoba konke lokhu kungaxhunyaniswa ne-acromegaly.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lazo zonke imithi kanye nezinye izinto ozithathayo, kanye nanoma yimaphi amarekhodi ezempilo adlule angase ahambisane. Uma usanda kwenza umsebenzi wegazi, letha lezo ziphumela futhi.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni omethembayo noma umngani ongakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olukhulu futhi unikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi se-appointment. Bangase futhi baqaphele izinguquko ebukhoneni bakho ongazibonanga wena.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-acromegaly?

I-Acromegaly iyimo elingaphatheka uma ixilongwe futhi ilashwe kahle. Nakuba izinguquko zomzimba zingakhathaza, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kungalawula amazinga ehomoni futhi kuvimbele izinkinga ezinkulu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuqaphela kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kuholela emiphumeleni emihle. Uma uqaphela izinguquko ezihamba kancane ebukhoneni bakho noma uhlushwa izimpawu eziqhubekayo njengokukhathazeka nobuhlungu bezinhlangothi, ungangabazi ukuxoxa nazo nodokotela wakho.

Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqondile, abantu abaningi abane-acromegaly bangaphila impilo evamile, enempilo. Ukwelashwa kuye kwathuthuka kakhulu eminyakeni eminingi, kunikeza izinketho eziningi eziphumelelayo zokulawula le meko.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana ne-acromegaly

Ingaphiliswa ngokuphelele yini i-acromegaly?

Abantu abaningi abane-acromegaly bangafinyelela amazinga ajwayelekile e-growth hormone ngokwelashwa okuqondile, beqondisa le meko. Nakuba ezinye izinguquko zomzimba zingaba ziphakade, ukwelashwa kungavimbela ukuqhubeka futhi kunciphisa izimpawu eziningi. Ukuhlinzwa ngezinye izikhathi kungakunikeza impilo ephelele, ikakhulukazi kuma-tumors amancane.

I-acromegaly ibuhlungu yini?

I-Acromegaly ingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu bezinhlangothi nezikhathi zokukhathazeka, kodwa lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile ziyathuthuka ngokwelashwa. Ubuhlungu bezinhlangothi ngokuvamile buvela e-cartilage enkulu nasezinguqukweni ezifana ne-arthritis, kanti izikhathi zokukhathazeka zingabangelwa yi-pituitary tumor ngokwayo. Ukuphatha ubuhlungu kuyiyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa okuphelele.

Izimpawu zikhula ngokushesha kangakanani?

Izimpawu ze-acromegaly ngokuvamile zikhula kancane eminyakeni eminingi, kungakho le meko ngokuvamile ingaxilongwa isikhathi eside. Ngokuphakathi, abantu banezimpawu iminyaka engu-7 kuya kwengu-10 ngaphambi kokuthola ukuxilongwa. Lokhu kuqhubeka kancane kwenza kube lula ukungazinaki izinguquko zokuqala njengokuguga okujwayelekile.

Ubukhona bami buyobuyela ekujwayelekile yini ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Ezinye izinguquko zingathuthuka ngokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi ukukhula kwamathishu, kodwa izinguquko eziqine njengezandla ezinkulu, izinyawo, nezici zobuso ngokuvamile zihlala njalo. Noma kunjalo, ukuyeka ukuqhubeka kwalezi zinguquko kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni izinkinga nokwenza impilo ibe ngcono.

Ngingaba nabantwana yini uma ngine-acromegaly?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abane-acromegaly bangaba nabantwana, nakuba le meko ingathinta ukukhulelwa kwezinye izimo. Ama-pituitary tumors ngezinye izikhathi angaphazamisa ama-hormone okuzala, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile kungaphathwa ngokwelashwa. Xoxa ngokuhlela umndeni neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze uqinisekise indlela ephephile kuwe.