Actinic Keratosis
Uhlolojikelele
I-actinic keratosis (ak-TIN-ik ker-uh-TOE-sis) iwumqondo onamabala, onamaqabunga olukhuni olwenzeka ngeminyaka yokubekwa elangeni. Ivamise ukutholakala ebusweni, ezindebeni, emakhaleni, ezingalweni, ezinweleni, entanyeni noma emuva kwezandla.
Izimpawu
Ukukhanya kwe-Actinic kuhluka ngokubonakala. Izimpawu zihlanganisa:
- Isigaxa esikhrohlekileyo, esomileyo noma esiqinile sesikhumba, ngokuvamile esingaphansi kwa-intshi (amasentimitha angu-2.5) ububanzi
- Isigaxa esiqondile noma esiphakamileyo kancane phezu kwesikhumba esiphezulu
- Ezimweni ezithile, ubuso obuqine, obukhulu njengobunqunu
- Ukwahluka kombala, kuhlanganise pinki, ebomvu noma ebomvu
- Ukukhahlela, ukushisa, ukuphuza igazi noma ukubopha
- Izicucu ezintsha noma izigaxa ezindaweni ezikhombiswe ilanga ekhanda, entanyeni, ezandleni nasezandleni
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela
Kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamabala angesiye isikali namabala esikali. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukuba izinguquko ezintsha zesikhumba zibuyekezwe yisiphakeli sezinsizakalo zempilo — ikakhulukazi uma ibala noma isiqeshana esiqinile sihlala isikhathi eside, sikhula noma siphuza igazi.
Izimbangela
I-aktinic keratosis ibangelwa ukubhebhetheka okuvamile noma okukhulu komalungelo oluphuzi (UV) oluvela elangeni noma emibhedeni yokubasa.
Izici eziyingozi
Noma yini ongathuthukisa i-actinic keratoses. Kodwa usesengozini enkulu uma:
- Unezinwele ezibomvu noma ezibomvu kanye amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma amnyama
- Unembali yokubekwa elangeni kakhulu noma ukushiswa yilanga
- Uthambekele ekuboniseni amaqhuma noma ukushiswa uma uvezwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga
- Ungaphezu kweminyaka engu-40
- Uhlala endaweni elangeni
- Usebenza ngaphandle
- Une-immune system ebuthakathaka
Izingqinamba
Uma ikhonjiswe ngokushesha, i-actinic keratosis ingasuswa noma isulwe. Uma ingaphathwa, amanye ala macala angathuthuka abe yi-squamous cell carcinoma. Lolu uhlobo lolwempilo oluvamise ukuba lungabi yingozi uma lufunyaniswa futhi luphathwe ngokushesha.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuphepha kwelanga kusiza ukuvimbela i-actinic keratoses. Thatha la manyathelo ukuze uvikele isikhumba sakho elangeni:
- Khawulelisa isikhathi sakho elangeni. Kakhulu gwema isikhathi elangeni phakathi kwama-10 ekuseni kanye nama-2 ntambama. Futhi gwema ukuhlala elangeni isikhathi eside kangangokuthi uthole ukushisa kwelanga noma ukubhentsha kwelanga.
- Sebenzisa i-sunscreen. Ngaphambi kokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ehlanganisa yonke imisebe yelanga enokumelana namanzi enesici sokuvikela elangeni (SPF) okungenani engu-30, njengoba i-American Academy of Dermatology isikisela. Yenza lokhu ngisho nasezinsukwini ezinamvula. Sebenzisa i-sunscreen kuwo wonke isikhumba esivelile. Futhi sebenzisa i-lip balm ene-sunscreen ezindebeni zakho. Faka i-sunscreen okungenani imizuzu engu-15 ngaphambi kokuphuma ngaphandle bese uyifaka kabusha njalo emahoreni amabili - noma kaningi uma ugeza noma uhlanza. I-Sunscreen ayinconyelwe izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-6. Kunalokho, zigcine zingaphandle kwelanga uma kungenzeka. Noma uzivimbele ngomthunzi, iziqalo, kanye nezingubo ezihlanganisa izandla nezinyawo.
- Vala. Ukuze uthole isivikelo esengeziwe elangeni, gqoka izingubo ezicwebezelwe ngokuqinile ezihlanganisa izandla nezinyawo. Gqoka futhi isigqoko esibanzi. Lokhu kunikeza isivikelo esiningi kunesigqoko sebhola noma i-visor ye-golf.
- Gwema imibhede yokubhentsha. Ukukhanya kwe-UV oluvela embhedeni wokubhentsha kungabangela ukonakala okufanayo kwesikhumba njengokubhentsha kwelanga.
- Hlola isikhumba sakho njalo bese ubika izinguquko kumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Hlola isikhumba sakho njalo, ubuke ukuthuthukiswa kokukhula okusha kwesikhumba noma izinguquko ezimpundu ezikhona, ama-freckles, ama-bumps kanye nama-birthmarks. Ngosizo lwezibuko, hlola ubuso bakho, intamo, izindlebe kanye ne-scalp. Hlola phezulu nangaphansi kwezandla zakho nezinye izandla.
Ukuxilongwa
Umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zempilo cishe uzokwazi ukunquma ukuthi unayo na i-actinic keratosis ngokubuka nje isikhumba sakho. Uma kunokungabaza, umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zempilo angenza ezinye izivivinyo, njengokuhlinzwa kwesikhumba. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwesikhumba, isibonelo esincane sesikhumba sithathwa ukuze sihlolwe elabhoratri. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ekliniki ngemuva kokubethwa umuthi ohlanza ubuhlungu.
Ngisho nasemuva kokwelashwa kwe-actinic keratosis, umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zempilo angase aphakamise ukuthi uhlolwe isikhumba sakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze kubonwe izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba.
Ukwelashwa
I-actin keratosis ngezinye izikhathi iyaphela yodwa kodwa ingabuya emva kokubekwa elangeni okuningi. Kunzima ukutshela ukuthi yiziphi i-actinic keratoses ezizothuthukela kungalala, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile zisuswa njengokuqapha.
Uma une-actinic keratoses eziningi, umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo angase abelethe ikhilimu noma ijeli enomuthi ukuze uyisuse, njenge-fluorouracil (Carac, Efudex nabanye), imiquimod (Aldara, Zyclara) noma i-diclofenac. Lezi zikhiqizo zingase zibangele ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, ukukhipha noma ukuzwela ukushisa amasonto ambalwa.
Izindlela eziningi zisetshenziswa ukususa i-actinic keratosis, okuhlanganisa:
- Ukubanda (cryotherapy). I-actinic keratoses ingasuswa ngokuyibanda nge-liquid nitrogen. Umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo ufake isisombululo esikhumbeni esithintekile, esibangela ukubola noma ukukhipha. Njengoba isikhumba sakho siyaphilisa, amangqamuzana abhulileyo ayoqothuka, avumela isikhumba esisha sivela. I-Cryotherapy yindlela evamile kakhulu yokwelapha. Ithatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela futhi ingenziwa ehhovisi lomhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka ukubola, ukwenzakala, ukuguqulwa kokubukeka kwesikhumba, ukutheleleka nokuhluka kombala wesikhumba sendawo ethintekile.
- Ukuskrabha (curettage). Kule nqubo, umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo usebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa nge-curet ukususa amangqamuzana abhulileyo. Ukuskrabha kungase kulandelelwe yi-electrosurgery, lapho isixhobo esifana nepenseli sisetshenziswa ukukhahlela nokuncipha ithishu ethintekile ngamandla kagesi. Le nqubo idinga ukwelashwa kwendawo. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka ukutheleleka, ukwenzakala nokuhluka kombala wesikhumba sendawo ethintekile.
- Ukwelashwa nge-Laser. Leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa ngokwanda ukwelapha i-actinic keratosis. Umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo usebenzisa idivayisi ye-laser ehlanza ukubhubhisa iphethini, evumela isikhumba esisha sivela. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka ukwenzakala nokuhluka kombala wesikhumba esithintekile.
- I-Photodynamic therapy. Umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo angase afake isisombululo sekemikhali esinobunzima ekukhanyeni esikhumbeni esithintekile bese uyibeka ekukhanyeni okukhethekile okuzobhubhisa i-actinic keratosis. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, ukukhula nokuzwela ukushisa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.