Iyini i-Acute Coronary Syndrome? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) yisimo esinzima senhliziyo esenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo yakho kuvinjelwa noma kuncishiswa kakhulu ngokuzumayo. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela yenhliziyo yakho yokuthumela isignali yokucela usizo oluphuthumayo lapho ingayitholi igazi elikwazi ukunikeza i-oksijini elidingekayo ukuze isebenze kahle.

Lesi simo sihlanganisa izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlobene, kusukela e-angina engaguquki kuya ezimpahleni zenhliziyo. Nakuba leli gama lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu zokuqala bese uthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha lapho kubalulekile.

Iyini i-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

I-acute coronary syndrome yenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi enikeza igazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo yakho ivinjelwa noma incindezela ngokuzumayo. Imisipha yenhliziyo yakho idinga ukunikezwa okuqhubekayo kwegazi elikwazi ukunikeza i-oksijini ukuze isebenze kahle, njenganoma imisipha yomzimba wakho.

Lapho leli gazi liphazamiseka, amangqamuzana enhliziyo yakho aqala ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokushoda kwe-oksijini. Lokhu kwenza ubuhlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumula kanzima, nezinye izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi kukhona okuthile okubi okwenzekayo. Igama elithi "acute" lisho ukuthi lithuthuka ngokushesha futhi lidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

I-ACS empeleni ihlanganisa izimo ezintathu eziyinhloko ezibandakanya ukunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni. Lezi zihlanganisa i-angina engaguquki, lapho imisipha yenhliziyo icindezelwe kodwa ayonakali unomphela, kanye nezinhlobo ezimbili zezimpahleni zenhliziyo lapho amangqamuzana emisipha yenhliziyo afe ngenxa yokushoda kwe-oksijini.

Ziyini Izinhlobo ze-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-acute coronary syndrome, ngayinye imele amazinga ahlukene okubaluleka. Ukuqonda le miqondo kungakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani uma odokotela bexoxa ngesimo sakho noma sesithandwa sakho.

I-angina engathatheki iwuhlobo oluthambile kunazo zonke, lapho isifuba sakho senhliziyo silwa kodwa singazange silimale unomphela. Ungase uhlushwe ubuhlungu besifuba obukhulu noma obuvamile kunokujwayelekile, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngisho nalapho ukhuluphala. Lokhu kuyisixwayiso senhliziyo yakho sokuthi sidinga usizo ngokushesha.

I-NSTEMI (Ukuphahlazeka kwemisipha yenhliziyo okungekho ukuphakama kwe-ST) uhlobo lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo lapho amanye amaseli emisipha yenhliziyo efile, kodwa i-artery ayivalwanga ngokuphelele. Izivivinyo zegazi zizobonisa izimpawu zokulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo, futhi cishe uzoba nobuhlungu besifuba obukhulu nezinye izimpawu.

I-STEMI (Ukuphahlazeka kwemisipha yenhliziyo okuphakama kwe-ST) uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke, lapho i-artery enkulu yenhliziyo ivaliwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kubangela indawo enkulu yemisipha yenhliziyo ukufa ngokushesha, futhi kubonakala njengenguquko ethile ku-electrocardiogram (ECG). Lolu hlobo ludinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze kubuyiselwe ukugeleza kwegazi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Isimpawu esivamile kunazo zonke ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki okubukeka kuhlukile ezinhlungwini ezijwayelekile. Abantu abaningi bayichaza njengengcindezi, ukucindezela, ukuqina, noma ukushisa ezingutsheni zesifuba okuphela isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa.

Umkhafa wakho ungase ubonise ubunzima ngezindlela eziningi ngaphezu kokuhlungu kwesifuba. Nazi izimpawu ezibalulekile okufanele uzilinde:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba obungase bufinyelele emagxalabeni akho, ezingalweni, esiswini esiphezulu, emuva, entanyeni, noma emaxwini
• Ukupukelela noma ukugabha, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswe nokungakhululeki kwesifuba
• Ukuphazamiseka kokudla noma imizwa efana ne-heartburn
• Ukuqina komoya okuvela ngokuzumayo noma okubi kakhulu
• Ukukhishwa okungazelele noma ukukhishwa okubanda
• Ukukhanya, ukukhungatheka, noma ubuthakathaka obuzumayo
• Ukukhathala okubukeka kungavamile noma okukhulu kakhulu

Abesifazane, abantu abadala, nabantu abane-diabetes ngezinye izikhathi baye babe nezimpawu ezahlukene ezingase zibe lula ukuziphoxa. Esikhundleni sobuhlungu obuvamile besifuba, ungase uzizwe ukhathele ngokungavamile, ubuthakathaka, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ubuhlungu emhlane noma emaxwini.

Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ngokuvamile abuyi ngokuphumula noma ngemithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu. Uma ubhekene nalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma zintsha noma zihlukile ezinhlungwini zakho ezivamile, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela i-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Imbangela elikhulu yi-atherosclerosis, isimo lapho amafutha okuthiwa yi-plaque akha khona ngaphakathi kwe-coronary arteries yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lezi plaques zifana neziqalekiso ezikhula kancane kancane ezinyusa indlela igazi eliyisebenzisa ukuya emathanjeni enhliziyo yakho.

I-trigger ekusheshayo ye-acute coronary syndrome kwenzeka lapho enye yalezi plaques iqhekeka noma iphuka ngokuzumayo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umzimba wakho uzama ukulungisa ukuqhekeka ngokwakha i-blood clot endaweni. Ngeshwa, le clot ingavimba ingxenye noma yonke i-artery esele incintiswe.

Izinto eziningi zingenza ukuqhekeka kwe-plaque kube lula ukwenzeka:

• Ukuqina komzimba noma kwengqondo okwandisa izinga lenhliziyo yakho kanye noxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ukuzivocavoca okukhulu komzimba, ikakhulukazi uma ungajwayelene nakho
• Isimo sezulu esibandayo kakhulu esenza imithambo yegazi icindezeleke
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi i-cocaine noma i-amphetamines
• Ukutheleleka okukhulu noma izifo ezicindezela uhlelo lwakho lwe-cardiovascular

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-acute coronary syndrome ingenzeka ngaphandle kokwakheka okukhulu kwe-plaque. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke ngenxa ye-coronary artery spasm, lapho i-artery icindezela ngokuzumayo futhi ivinye ukusabela kwegazi. Ama-blood clots avela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho angahamba aye e-heart arteries yakho, nakuba lokhu kungavamile.

Ngesinye isikhathi, izimo ezinjengokuhlupheka kakhulu kwegazi, ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphansi kakhulu, noma i-thyroid ephakeme kakhulu zingacindezela inhliziyo yakho ngokwanele ukuba kubangele izimpawu ezifana ne-acute coronary syndrome, ngisho noma i-arteries zakho zingavinjelwe.

Kufanele Ubone Udokotela Nini Nge-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Shaya u-911 ngokushesha uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu noma ukucindezeleka kwesifuba okuphela ngaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nokuphefumula okunzima, ukubila, isicanucanu, noma ubuthakathaka. Ungazami ukuhamba wedwa uya esibhedlela noma ulinde ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka yini.

Izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo zingaqala ukwelashwa okusindisa impilo endleleni eya esibhedlela, futhi izibhedlela zilungele ukusebenza ngokushesha lapho zazi ukuthi umuntu onokuthi i-acute coronary syndrome uza.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo uma unemibhangqwana yalezi zimpawu zezesixwayiso, ngisho noma ungaqiniseki ukuthi yinhliziyo yakho. Kuhlale kungcono ukukhetha ukuma okuphephile uma kukhulunywa ngobuhlungu besifuba noma ukuguquka okungazelelwe endleleni ozizwa ngayo.

Uma unomlando wesifo senhliziyo futhi izimpawu zakho zizizwa zihlukile kunokujwayelekile kwakho i-angina, ungangabazi ukucela usizo. Ukuguquka endleleni yakho evamile yokuhlupheka kwesifuba kungabonisa ukuthi isimo sakho siyasiba sibi futhi sidinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo.

Yiziphi Izici Zengozi Ze-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-acute coronary syndrome, yize ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzokuthola ngokuqinisekile le simo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yonke.

Ezinye izici zengozi yizinto ongenakuzishintsha, kanti ezinye zilawulwa nguwe ngokwenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Nazi izici eziyinhloko ezingandisa ingozi yakho:

• Ubudala - amadoda aneminyaka engaphezu kuka-45 nabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-55 abhekene nezingozi eziphezulu
• Umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, ikakhulu uma izihlobo eziseduze zinezinkinga zenhliziyo ezineminyaka emincane
• Ukuphindaphindeka kwegazi eliphakeme okubekela ingcindezi eyengeziwe enhliziyweni yakho nasemithanjeni yakho yegazi
• Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol anikelela ekwakheni kwe-plaque
• I-Diabetes elilimaza imithambo yegazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yotshwala
• Ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi isisindo esiningi esizungezile isisu sakho
• Ukungenzi lutho komzimba noma indlela yokuphila engasuki
• Ukuhlupheka okungapheli noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala kakhulu

Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingabuye zande ingozi yakho, kufaka phakathi i-sleep apnea, izifo ze-autoimmune njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, nesifo sezinso esingapheli. Uma unezinhlangothi eziningi zezingozi, zingakhulisa imiphumela yazo empilweni yakho yemisipha yomzimba.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi eziningi zalezi zinto ezingozi zingaphathwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, imithi, noma kokubili. Ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukuqondisa izinto ezingozi ezingashintshwa kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okukhula i-acute coronary syndrome.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingaba khona ze-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

I-Acute coronary syndrome ingabangela izinkinga eziningi ezinzima, ikakhulu uma ukwelashwa kulibambezeleka noma uma indawo enkulu yemisipha yenhliziyo ithinteka. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi ezingaba khona kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kubaluleke kangaka.

Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kunazo zonke ukuthi i-angina engathembekile ingathuthuka ibe yisigameko senhliziyo esiphelele, noma isigameko senhliziyo esincane singaba khulu uma ukugeleza kwegazi kungabuyiselwa ngokushesha. Uma amaseli emisipha yenhliziyo efa ngenxa yokushoda koksijini, awakwazi ukuzithuthukisa, okubangela ukonakala okungapheli kwenhliziyo.

Nawa ama-complications aphambili angathuthuka:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, lapho inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukuthumela igazi ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzimba wakho
• Izinkinga ezingozi zezinga lenhliziyo (arrhythmias) ezingaba yingozi eyingozi
• Ukushaqeka kwe-cardiogenic, lapho inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukuthumela igazi elanele ezitho ezibalulekile
• I-Pericarditis, ukuvuvukala kwesikhwama esizungezile inhliziyo yakho
• Izinkinga zevalvu yenhliziyo uma i-muscle elawula umsebenzi wevalvu yonakele
• Ukuqhekeka kwenhliziyo, inkinga engavamile kodwa ebucayi lapho i-muscle yenhliziyo ebuthakathaka iqhekeka

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa ama-blood clots emakhameni enhliziyo yabo ngemuva kokuhlasela kwenhliziyo, okuqhekeka futhi kubangele izikhuthazo noma ezinye izinkinga. Abanye bangase bahlangabezane nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ventricular aneurysm, lapho ingxenye yodonga lwenhliziyo liba lukhulu futhi liqhuma ngaphandle.

Ukuhlunguluka nokukhathazeka kuvamile futhi ngemuva kwe-acute coronary syndrome, njengoba isipiliyoni singaba yingozi enkulu ngokomzwelo futhi lushintsha impilo. Lezi zimpikiswano zempilo yengqondo ziyizinkinga zangempela ezifanele ukunakekelwa nokuphathwa kanye nezinye izici zokubuyiselwa empilweni.

Ubungozi nobunzima bezinkinga zivame ukuncika ekuqaleni kokwelashwa nokuthi yingakanani i-muscle yenhliziyo ethonyeke. Lesi yisizathu esinye sokuba ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu lapho izimpawu zivele.

I-Acute Coronary Syndrome Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuhlola kuqala ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba, kodwa odokotela bathembele ekuhlolweni okuthile ukuqinisekisa i-acute coronary syndrome nokunquma ubunzima bayo. Iqembu elijwayelekile lizoqhubeka ngokushesha ukuqoqa lolu lwazi ngoba isikhathi sibalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo zokwelashwa.

I-electrocardiogram (ECG noma EKG) ngokuvamile iwukuvivinya okuqala okwenziwayo. Lokhu kuyilinganisa umsebenzi womgogodla wenhliziyo yakho futhi kungabonisa uma ingxenye ye-muscle yenhliziyo yakho ayitholi igazi elanele noma yonakele. Izindlela eziku-ECG zisiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-acute coronary syndrome olukuhlangabezana nalo.

Izivivinyo zegazi zibalulekile ekuxilongeni ngoba zingabona amaprotheni aphuma emagumbini ezinhlungwini zenhliziyo ezilimele. Abaphawuli abaphambili abawubuka odokotela yi-troponins, ekhishwa lapho amaseli enhliziyo efa. Lezi zilinganiso zingaphakama izinsuku eziningi ngemva kokulimeleka kwemisipha yenhliziyo.

Ezinye izivivinyo zingafaka:

• Isithombe se-X-ray sesifuba ukuhlola ukuba kukhona amanzi emaphashini akho noma ezinye izinkinga
• I-Echocardiogram ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani futhi uma kukhona izindawo ezingahambi kahle
• I-Coronary angiography, lapho i-dye isetshenziswa e-coronary arteries yakho ukubona ukuphahlazeka
• I-CT scan noma i-MRI yenhliziyo yakho kwezinye izimo
• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezela ngemva kokuba uzinzile ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphendula kanjani ekusebenzeni okukhulu

Iqembu lezokwelapha lizobuye lihlole izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, amazinga oksijini, nesimo sakho sonke ngokuqhubekayo. Bangase babeze baphephe ngezimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini, zizizwa kanjani, nokuthi yini ezenza zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuxilonga akucaci ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zakho zingenani noma zingavamile. Kulezi zimo, odokotela bangase bakugcine esibhedlela ngenkathi benza ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abaphoswa yisimo esibuhlungu.

Iyini Ukwelashwa kwe-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Ukuphathwa kwe-acute coronary syndrome kugxile ekubuyiseleni ukusabalala kwegazi emisipha yenhliziyo yakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka nokunciphisa ezinye izinkinga. Indlela yokwelapha ethile ixhomeke ekutheni uhlobo luni lwe-ACS olukhona nokuthi isimo sakho sibuhlungu kangakanani.

Ukuphathwa okusheshayo kuvame ukuqala ngemithi ezosiza inhliziyo yakho futhi kuvimbele ukubunjwa kwegazi eliqine. Cishe uzonikezwa i-aspirin ukusiza ukuvimbela ukubunjwa kwegazi eliqine, kanye nezinye izinto ezithambisa igazi kanye nemithi ezoqeda umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho.

Ngokuphahlazeka okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo kwe-STEMI, odokotela kudingeka bavule i-artery evaliwe ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa:

• Ukungenelela kwe-coronary ngokungena ngesikhumba (PCI), lapho i-balloon encane isebenzisa khona ukuvula i-artery futhi kubekwa i-stent ukuyigcina ivuliwe
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass uma ama-arteries amaningi evinjiwe kakhulu
• Imithi yokuchitha iziqubu (thrombolytics) uma i-PCI ingatholakali ngokushesha

Imithi ozoyithola ingafaka i-beta-blockers ukuthambisa isivinini senhliziyo yakho nokunciphisa umsebenzi wayo, ama-ACE inhibitors ukusiza inhliziyo yakho iqhubeke kahle, nama-statins ukunciphisa i-cholesterol nokunciphisa ama-plaque e-arteries zakho.

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kubalulekile, hhayi nje ngenxa yokududuza kodwa ngoba ubuhlungu bungacindezela inhliziyo yakho kakhulu. Ungase uthole i-nitroglycerin ukusiza ukuvula ama-arteries akho ne-morphine ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu obungaphenduli ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Kuyo yonke impilo yakho, iqembu lezokwelapha lizoqapha isivinini senhliziyo yakho, ingcindezi yegazi, namanqanaba oksijini eduze. Bazolungisa imithi nezindlela zokwelapha ngokusekelwe endleleni obuyisayo nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Ukubuyiselwa nokuqeqeshwa kubalulekile ekuphileni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlelo zokubuyiselwa kwenhliziyo ezikusiza ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile ngokuphepha nokufunda ukushintsha indlela yokuphila ukuvimbela izinkinga zenhliziyo zesikhathi esizayo.

Indlela Yokunakekela Wena Ngesikhathi Sokubuyiselwa?

Ukubuyiselwa kusuka e-acute coronary syndrome kuyinqubo eyandelayo ehlanganisa kokubili ukululama komzimba nokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizonika imiyalelo ekhethekile yesimo sakho, kepha kunezindlela ezijwayelekile ezisebenza kubantu abaningi abaphila kabusha kusuka ku-ACS.

Thatha yonke imithi ngokuqondile njengoba kulotshiwe, ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono. Le mithi ivikela inhliziyo yakho futhi ivikela izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo, ngakho ungayeki noma uyishintshe ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Lungisa umhleli wephilisi noma sebenzisa izikhumbuzo zocingo ukuze ukwazi ukulandela.

Qala ngemisebenzi ezwelayo njengoba kuvunyelwe yiqembu lakho lezeMpilo. Ukuhamba kuvame ukukhuthazwa ekuqaleni kokubuyiselwa, uqale ngamabanga amafupi bese ukhuphula kancane njengoba amandla akho ebuya. Gwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ukuzivocavoca okunzima, noma imisebenzi ebangela ubuhlungu esifubeni noma ukuphefumula okungavamile.

Gcina amehlo emzimbeni wakho ufunde ukuqaphela okuvamile okusha. Ukukhathala nokungakhululeki okuncane ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kulindelekile, kodwa ubuhlungu obusha noma obukhulu esifubeni, ukuphefumula okunzima, noma ezinye izimpawu ezinkulu kufanele zikhuthaze ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Landela izindlela zokudla, ezivame ukufaka ukulinganisela usawoti, amafutha agcwele, kanye ne-kolesterol ngenkathi ugcizelela izithelo, imifino, ukudla okugcwele, namaprotheni ahlanzekile. Udokotela wakho wezondlo noma umhlinzeki wezeMpilo angakusiza ukuba udale uhlelo lokudla oluphilile olungqongqo oluhambisana nezifiso zakho nendlela yakho yokuphila.

Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula, ukuzivocavoca okuzwelayo, ukulala okwanele, kanye nokusekelwa komphakathi. Cabanga ngokujoyina uhlelo lokuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo, oluhlinzeka ngokuvivinya umzimba okuhleliwe, imfundo, kanye nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kwakho.

Hamba kuyo yonke imiqhudelwano yokulandelela bese ugcine uhlu lwezinombolo ezibalulekile njengengcindezi yegazi, amazinga e-kolesterol, kanye nesisindo. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza iqembu lakho lezeMpilo ukulandelela intuthuko yakho nokulungisa ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela izivivinyo zakho zokwelapha ngemuva kokungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi ekuhambeni kwakho futhi ungakhohlwa ulwazi olubalulekile. Bhala imibuzo yakho nokukhathazeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngasinye ukuze ungakhohlwa ngaso leso sikhathi.

Gcina uhlu oluphelele lwemithi oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi amagama anembile, izilinganiso, nokuthi uyayithatha kangakanani. Faka imithi yokuthengisa, izithasiselo, kanye nezinongo, njengoba lezi zingasebenzisana nemithi yakho yenhliziyo.

Landela izimpawu zakho phakathi kwamaqembu ngokubhala lapho zenzeka khona, yini eziqalisa khona, isikhathi eside zingakanani, nokuthi yini eziqeda ngayo. Ulwazi lolu lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde ukuthi uphendula kanjani ekwelapheni futhi uma kunesidingo sokulungisa.

Letha uhlu lwemibuzo yakho, uqale ngezona zibalulekile. Imibuzo evamile ingafaka ukuthi nini ungabuyela emsebenzini, imisebenzi enokuphepha, izimpawu ezifanele zikukhathaze, noma ukuthi ungaphatha kanjani imiphumela emibi yemithi.

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe ilungu lomndeni noma umngane oseduze emakhelini abalulekile. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi oluxoxwe ngesikhathi sokuvakasha futhi banikeze ukwesekwa lapho wenza izinqumo ezibalulekile mayelana nokukhathalelwa kwakho.

Lungisa ulwazi mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi noma yimuphi umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zenhliziyo zangaphambili, nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ozinayo. Uma ubona udokotela omusha, buthana amarekhodi avela kubanikeli bangaphambili noma ezibhedlela.

Iyini i-Key Takeaway Mayelana ne-Acute Coronary Syndrome?

I-Acute coronary syndrome yisimo esibuhlungu kodwa esingaphatheka esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha lapho izimpawu zivele. Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ngokushesha futhi uthole ukunakekelwa okuphaphandayo ngaphandle kokulibala.

Nakuba i-ACS ingesaba, ukuthuthuka ekwelapheni kuye kwathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yabantu abayibhekana nayo. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, imithi, nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, abantu abaningi bayaqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngemuva kwe-acute coronary syndrome.

Ukuvimbela kuhlala kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokugwema izinkinga zenhliziyo zesikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kufaka ukusebenzisa imithi ebekiwe njalo, ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo, ukuphatha ezinye izimo zezempilo ezifana nesifo sikashukela nokucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu, nokusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphulukisa kuyinqubo, hhayi indawo okuya kuyo. Bekezela ngawe njengoba uphulukisa futhi uzilungiselele noma yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezidingekayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi izindlela zabo ezintsha ziyaba yinto yemvelo futhi bazizwa bethembela ekuqondeni impilo yabo yenhliziyo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Ne-Acute Coronary Syndrome

Ungaba ne-acute coronary syndrome ngaphandle kokuzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni?

Yebo, kungenzeka ukuba ne-acute coronary syndrome ngaphandle kokuzwa ubuhlungu obuvamile esifubeni, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, abadala, nabantu abane-diabetes. Ungase uhlangabezane nokuntuleka komoya, isicanucanu, ukukhathala okungavamile, ubuhlungu emaxatheni noma emuva, noma nje umuzwa jikelele wokuthi kukhona okuphosakele kakhulu. Lezi zimo “ezithule” zingaba yingozi njengalezo ezinobuningi obuvamile bobuhlungu esifubeni, ngakho ungawagcini amehlo ezimpawu ezingavamile ezikukhathazayo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukisa i-acute coronary syndrome?

Isikhathi sokuphulukisa sihluka kakhulu kuye ngokubaluleka kwesimo sakho nempilo yakho iyonke. Abantu abaningi bangabuyela emisebenzini elula ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa, kodwa ukuphulukisa okugcwele kuvame ukuthatha izinyanga eziningi. Imisipha yenhliziyo yakho idinga isikhathi sokuphulukisa, futhi uzodinga isikhathi sokujwayela imithi emisha nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila. Izinhlelo zokuvuselela inhliziyo ngokuvamile zihlala amasonto angu-8-12 futhi zingakusiza ukuqondisa ukuphulukisa kwakho ngokuphepha.

Ngizokwazi yini ukuzivocavoca futhi ngemuva kwe-acute coronary syndrome?

Abantu abaningi bangabuyela ekuzivocavoca ngemuva kwe-acute coronary syndrome, ngokuvamile bazizwa benamandla futhi banamandla kunemva kwesenzakalo sabo. Noma kunjalo, uzodinga imvume yezokwelapha futhi kufanele uqale kancane ngemisebenzi ebonwe. Izinhlelo zokuvuselela inhliziyo ziyizinhlelo ezinhle zokufunda ukuthi ungazivocavoca kanjani ngokuphepha nangokuphumelelayo. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokusiza ukuthola ukuthi imiphi imihlobo namazinga okuzivocavoca afanele isimo sakho esithile.

Ziyini amathuba okuhlushwa yisigameko senhliziyo esinye ngemuva kwe-acute coronary syndrome?

Nakuba ukuba nesifo senhliziyo esibuhlungu (acute coronary syndrome) kukwandisa ingozi yezingqinamba zenhliziyo esikhathini esizayo, ukuthatha imithi ebekiwe nokuzenzela izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kunganciphisa kakhulu le ngozi. Abantu abaningi abalandela izinhlelo zabo zokwelashwa futhi bagcina imikhuba enempilo yenhliziyo ababoni izehlakalo zenhliziyo. Ingozi yakho ngokwayo ixhomeke ezintweni ezinjengobunzima besifo senhliziyo sakho, ukuthi uphendula kangcono kanjani ekwelapheni, nokuthi ulandela kangcono kanjani izeluleko zezokwelapha.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungabangela i-acute coronary syndrome?

Ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba kungaqala i-acute coronary syndrome kubantu abasenesifo senhliziyo. Ukucindezeleka kukwandisa izinga lenhliziyo yakho kanye nokucindezeleka kwegazi, okungabangela ukuba ama-plaque e-arteries akho aphuke. Nakuba ukucindezeleka kudala i-ACS kubantu abanezinhliziyo eziphilile, ukuphatha ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kuyiyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvimbela nokuphulukisa izifo zenhliziyo. Ukufunda amasu okuphatha ukucindezeleka kungaba usizo empilweni yakho yonke yenhliziyo.