Ubuthakathaka luka-Addison? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Ubuthakathaka luka-Addison buvela lapho amagciwane akho e-adrenal engaveli amalahwe amaningi ama-hormone umzimba wakho owaqondene ukuze usebenze kahle. La magciwane amancane ahlala phezulu kwezinso zakho futhi enza ama-hormone afana ne-cortisol ne-aldosterone asisiza ukulungisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ushukela wegazi, nokuphendula ekuhluphekeni.

Kubizwa nangokuthi ukungakwazi okuphambili kwe-adrenal, lesi simo siqeda abantu abangaba ngu-1 ku-100,000. Nakuba kuyinkulu, ungaphila impilo egcwele, enempilo ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuphathwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Izimpawu zokuthakathaka luka-Addison zivame ukuvela kancane kancane ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni eminingi, okwenza kube lula ukuziphoxa ekuqaleni. Ukuqina komzimba wakho kancane kancane ukulwa nokugcina imisebenzi evamile ngaphandle kwama-hormone e-adrenal anele.

Nawa zimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukukhathala okukhulu nobuthakathaka obungaphuli ngokuphumula
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo nokunciphisa ukulangazelela ukudla
• Ukukhanya kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ezibambeni, amafutha esikhumba, namagciwane
• Ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphansi okungabangela ukukhungatheka uma umi
• Ukulangazelela usawoti
• Ukuphefumula, ukugabha, noma isifo sohudo
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha noma amajointy
• Ukucasuka nokushintsha kwesimo sengqondo

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile njengoshukela wegazi ophansi, ikakhulukazi kubantwana, noma izikhathi ezingavamile zokuba nenyanga kwabesifazane. Lezi zimpawu zingazizwa zingenangqondo futhi zifana nezinye izimo eziningi, kungakho ukuxilongwa kwesikhathi esithile kuthatha isikhathi.

Yini ebangela ubuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Ubuthakathaka luka-Addison buvela lapho amagciwane akho e-adrenal elimazeka futhi engaveli ama-hormone anele. Imbangela evamile ukusebenza komzimba okungeyona into efanele lapho uhlelo lokuphepha lomzimba wakho luhlasela amagciwane akho e-adrenal.

Ake sibheke izimbangela eziyinhloko, siqale ngevamile kunazo zonke:

• Ukubhujiswa komzimba - uhlelo lokuphepha lomzimba luhlasela amagciwane e-adrenal (kubangela cishe u-80% wezimangalo)
• Ukutheleleka kwe-tuberculosis okuthinta amagciwane e-adrenal
• Ukutheleleka okunye njengokutheleleka kwe-fungal noma i-HIV
• Umkhuhlane osabalala emagciwaneni e-adrenal
• Ukuphuza igazi emagciwaneni e-adrenal
• Izifo zofuzo ezithinta ukusebenza kwe-adrenal
• Ukususwa kwe-surgical kwamagciwane e-adrenal

Ezimeni ezingavamile, imithi ethile noma ukwelashwa kungathinta ukusebenza kwe-adrenal. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela abakwazi ukubona imbangela eqondile, kodwa lokhu akushintshi ukuthi lesi simo singaphathwa kangcono kangakanani.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela ngokuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela uma uhlangabezana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungachazeki, noma ukukhanya kwesikhumba okungabonakali ukuthi kuhlobene nokukhanya kwelanga. Lezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma zihlangene, zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezinzima njengobunqunu obukhulu, ukudideka, ukuphefumula nokuhlanza okukhulu, noma ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kungabonisa ingozi ye-adrenal, okuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ungalindi uma uqaphela izimpawu eziningi ndawonye, ngisho noma zibonakala zingenamandla. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kungavimbela izinkinga ezinzima futhi kukusize uzizwe kangcono kakhulu.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi zokuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula ubuthakathaka luka-Addison. Ukuqonda lezi zici zengozi kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqaphele izimpawu zokuqala.

Izici eziyinhloko zengozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba nezinye izimo zokuphepha komzimba njengoshukela wegazi olukhulu, isifo se-thyroid, noma i-vitiligo
• Umbukiso womndeni wezifo zokuphepha komzimba
• Ukuba phakathi kweminyaka engu-30-50 (nakuba kungenzeka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka)
• Ukuba ne-tuberculosis noma ukutheleleka okukhulu
• Ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi engase ikhulise ingozi yokopha
• Ukuba nezinye izimo zofuzo

Abesifazane banethuba elincane lokukhula uhlobo lwe-autoimmune lokubuthakathaka luka-Addison. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile lesi simo - abantu abaningi abanezi zici abazange bahlangabezane nezinkinga ze-adrenal.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngokuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Inkinga enzima kunazo zonke yokuthakathaka luka-Addison ingozi ye-adrenal, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Addisonian crisis. Lesi simo esiphuthumayo esiyingozi yempilo sivela lapho umzimba wakho ungenama-hormone e-adrenal anele ukusingatha ukucindezeleka, ukugula, noma ukulimala.

Izimpawu zengozi ye-adrenal zihlanganisa:

• Ubuthakathaka obukhulu nokudideka
• Ukuwa okukhulu kokucindezeleka kwegazi
• Ukuphefumula okukhulu, ukugabha, nesisifo sohudo
• Ukuqina okukhulu
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi okukhulu

Ezinye izinkinga zingabandakanya ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu, amazinga aphezulu e-potassium athinta i-rhythm yentliziyo, nokuphelelwa amanzi okukhulu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi zinkinga zivame ukuvinjelwa ngokwelashwa okufanele nokulungiselela izingozi.

Ngokwelashwa okufanele kwe-hormone nokuphathwa kokucindezeleka, abantu abaningi abane-Addison's disease bagwema lezi zinkinga ezinzima ngokuphelele.

Ubuthakathaka luka-Addison buxilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kokuthakathaka luka-Addison kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqapha amazinga akho e-hormone nokuthi amagciwane akho e-adrenal aphendula kanjani ekukhuthazeni. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngengxoxo eningiliziwe yezimpawu zakho nembali yezokwelapha.

Izivivinyo eziyinhloko zokuxilongwa zihlanganisa:

• Ivivinyo lokukhuthazwa kwe-ACTH - liqapha ukuthi amagciwane akho e-adrenal aphendula kanjani ekudubeni kwe-hormone
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwamazinga e-cortisol, ikakhulukazi i-cortisol ekuseni
• Ukuhlolwa kwama-electrolytes afana ne-sodium ne-potassium
• Ukuqapha amazinga e-ACTH
• Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibodies ahlasela amagciwane e-adrenal
• Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-CT scans yamagciwane e-adrenal

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlole ezinye izimo zokuphepha komzimba njengoba zivame ukuvela ndawonye. Inqubo yokuxilongwa ingathatha isikhathi esithile, kodwa ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu kubalulekile ekwelapheni okufanele.

Yini ukwelashwa kokuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Ukwelashwa kokuthakathaka luka-Addison kubandakanya ukufaka esikhundleni ama-hormone amagciwane akho e-adrenal angawenzi. Lokhu ukwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy kuphumelela kakhulu futhi kuvumela abantu abaningi ukuba baphile impilo evamile, esebenzayo.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzobandakanya ngokuvamile:

• I-Hydrocortisone noma i-prednisone ukufaka esikhundleni i-cortisol
• I-Fludrocortisone ukufaka esikhundleni i-aldosterone
• I-injection kit yokuphuthuma (i-hydrocortisone) ezimweni zengozi
• Ukuqapha okuvamile nokulinganiswa kwemithi
• Ukwandisa imithi ngesikhathi sokuhlupheka noma ukucindezeleka

Uzodinga ukuthatha le miithi nsuku zonke impilo yakho yonke. Udokotela wakho uzosisebenzisana nawe ukuthola imithi efanele futhi akuqeqeshe ukuthi uyilungisa nini. Ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka komzimba, ukugula, noma ukuhlinzwa, ungadinga imithi eminingi ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Abantu abaningi bazizwa kangcono kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Okubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo nokulandela isiqondiso sodokotela wakho mayelana nokulinganiswa kwemithi.

Indlela yokuphatha ubuthakathaka luka-Addison ekhaya?

Ukuphatha ubuthakathaka luka-Addison ekhaya kugxile ekuthatheni imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo nokuba ulungile ezingozini. Ngokuzithiba okuhle, ungagcina impilo enhle namandla.

Nawa amasu abalulekile okuphatha ekhaya:

• Thatha imithi ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke, ungalokothi ushiye imithi
• Gcina i-hydrocortisone injection kit yokuphuthuma nawe njalo
• Yandisa imithi ngesikhathi sokuhlupheka njengoba udokotela wakho ekufundisa
• Dla ukudla okuvamile futhi uhlale unamanzi
• Gqoka ubucwebe be-medical alert obuveza isimo sakho
• Gcina imithi eyengeziwe uma uhamba
• Funda ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuqala zengozi ye-adrenal

Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina impilo enempilo ngokuzivocavoca okuvamile, ukulala okwanele, nokuphathwa kokucindezeleka. Abantu abaningi bathola usizo ekuhlanganiseni namaqembu okusekela noma imiphakathi e-inthanethi yabantu abane-Addison's disease.

Ubuthakathaka luka-Addison bungavikeleka kanjani?

Ngeshwa, awukwazi ukuvimbela uhlobo lwe-autoimmune lokubuthakathaka luka-Addison, oluyilo oluvamile kunazo zonke. Njengoba kubandakanya uhlelo lokuphepha lomzimba wakho oluhlasela amagciwane akho e-adrenal, ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokumisa le nqubo ekuqaleni.

Kodwa-ke, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka okuthile okungalimaza amagciwane akho e-adrenal. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthola ukugonywa okunconywayo, ukwenza ukuhlanzeka okuhle, nokufuna ukwelashwa okusheshayo kokutheleleka njenge-tuberculosis.

Uma unezinye izimo zokuphepha komzimba noma umlando womndeni wazo, ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuqala kungasiza uqinisekise ukuxilongwa okusheshayo nokuphathwa uma ubuthakathaka luka-Addison bukhula.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kungakusiza uthole ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nokukhathalela okuhle kakhulu okungenzeka. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, ngisho nalabo ababonakala bengaxhunyanisiwe noma abancinyane.

Letha lolu lwazi e-appointment yakho:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwezimpawu nokuthi zaqala nini
• Yonke imithi nezinye izinto ozithathayo
• Umbukiso womndeni wezifo zokuphepha komzimba
• Ukugula kwamuva, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukucindezeleka okukhulu
• Imibuzo mayelana nokuxilongwa, ukwelashwa, nokuphathwa kwansuku zonke
• Uhlu lwabanye odokotela obabona

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukukusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile. Unganqikazi ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi achaze noma yini ongayiqondi - ukuphatha ubuthakathaka luka-Addison ngempumelelo kudinga ukuxhumana okuhle neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nobuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Ubuthakathaka luka-Addison buyisimo esinzima kodwa esiphatheka kalula uma siphathwa kahle. Nakuba amagciwane akho e-adrenal angalungiswa, ukwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy kufaka esikhundleni okuthile umzimba wakho olukudingayo ukuze usebenze ngokujwayelekile.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuthatha imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo, ukulungela izingozi, nokusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ngokuphathwa okufanele, ungalindela ukuphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngamandla azizwa evamile kuwe.

Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ozizwa ngayo nempilo yakho yesikhathi eside. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezikukhathazayo, unganqikazi ukuxoxa nazo nodokotela wakho.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo mayelana nobuthakathaka luka-Addison

UMbuzo 1: Ungaphila impilo evamile ngokuthakathaka luka-Addison?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abane-Addison's disease baphila impilo evamile ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy. Ungasebenza, uzivocavoce, uhambe, futhi uhlanganyele kuzo zonke imisebenzi yakho evamile. Okubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo nokuba ulungile ezingozini nge-injection kit yakho.

UMbuzo 2: Ingabe ubuthakathaka luka-Addison buyafa?

Ubuthakathaka luka-Addison ngokwabo abudluliselwa ngqo, kodwa ungase ube nengozi enkulu uma amalungu omndeni enezimo zokuphepha komzimba. Ukuthambekela kwezifo zokuphepha komzimba kungasebenza emindenini, kodwa ukuba nomlando womndeni akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile ubuthakathaka luka-Addison.

UMbuzo 3: Yini ebangela ingozi ye-adrenal?

Ingozi ye-adrenal ivame ukubangelwa ukucindezeleka komzimba lapho ungenayo i-cortisol eyanele ohlelweni lwakho. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa ukutheleleka, ukulimala, ukuhlinzwa, ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo, noma ukushiya imithi. Kungakho kubalulekile ukwanda kwemithi yakho ngesikhathi sokuhlupheka futhi uhlale uthwala i-kit yakho yokuphuthuma.

UMbuzo 4: Ingabe ubuthakathaka luka-Addison bungaphela ngokwalo?

Cha, ubuthakathaka luka-Addison buyisimo esiqhubekayo esidinga ukwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy impilo yakho yonke. Noma kunjalo, ngokwelashwa okufanele, ungalindela ukuzizwa uphilile futhi unemandla. Ukulimala kwamagciwane akho e-adrenal ngokuvamile akukwazi ukulungiswa, kodwa izimpawu ziphathwa kahle ngemithi.

UMbuzo 5: Izimpawu ziphulukana ngokushesha kangakanani ngokwelashwa?

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa kangcono ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwamasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy. Amandla akho, ukulangazelela ukudla, nokuphila kwakho konke kuvame ukuthuthuka kancane njengoba udokotela wakho ethola imithi efanele kuwe. Abanye abantu baqaphela ukuthuthuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kuyilapho abanye bengase bathathe amasonto ambalwa ukuze bazizwe kangcono.