Ukuthi yini i-ADHD? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-ADHD imelela i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, okuyisimo sengqondo esithinta indlela ubuchopho bakho obulawula ngayo ukunaka, izimpikiswano, kanye namazinga omsebenzi. Lelinye lamazimo avamile kakhulu ahlonishwa kubantwana, nakuba abantu abadala abaningi baphila nalo, ngezinye izikhathi bengakwazi.

Cabanga nge-ADHD njengoba ubuchopho bakho buxhunyiwe ngendlela ehlukile. Ngenkathi abanye abantu bengase babubone njengokulinganiselwa, abantu abaningi abane-ADHD nabo baye baba nezici ezikhethekile ezinjengokudala, amandla, kanye nekhono lokucabanga ngaphandle kwesibonelo. Ukuqonda kangcono i-ADHD kungakusiza wena noma abathandekayo bakho ukuthi niphile impilo yansuku zonke ngempumelelo.

Ukuthi yini i-ADHD?

I-ADHD iyisimo esisebuchophweni esenza kube nzima ukugxila, ukuhlala phansi, noma ukucabanga ngaphambi kokwenza. Ubuchopho bakho ngokuyisisekelo busebenza ulwazi futhi bulawula imisebenzi ngendlela ehlukile kunalokho okucabangwa njengokujwayelekile.

Lesi simo asiyikho ngokuvilapha, ukungabi namandla, noma ukushoda kokuhlakanipha. Esikhundleni salokho, kuhilela umehluko othile esakhiweni nasemsebenzini wobuchopho, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziqondisa imisebenzi yokuphatha njengokunaka, inkumbulo yokusebenza, nokulawula izimpikiswano. Le mihlumela ingabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kulo lonke impilo yakho.

I-ADHD iqala ngokuvamile ebuntwaneni, kodwa izimpawu ziqhubeka zifika ebuntwini. Abantu abadala abaningi bathola ukuthi bane-ADHD lapho abantwana babo behlonishwa, beqaphela izindlela ezifanayo empilweni yabo. Lesi simo sithinta abantu bazo zonke izizinda, nakuba sihlonishwa kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane ngesikhathi sobuntwana.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-ADHD?

Izimpawu ze-ADHD ziwela ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukungabi nakho ukunaka nokuhamba okukhulu-ukukhahlela. Ungase ube nezimpawu ezivela kwenye indawo noma zombili, futhi ubukhulu bungase buhluke komunye umuntu komunye.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile zokungabi nakho ukunaka ongaziqaphela:

• Ubunzima bokuqondanisa ezenzweni noma emisebenzini, ikakhulukazi lezo ezingathandeki ngokushesha
• Ubunzima bokuqhubeka nemikhombandlela noma ukuqeda amaphrojekthi
• Ukuhlatshwa kalula yimicabango engathintani noma izikhuthazo zezindawo eziqondene nendawo
• Ukulahlekelwa njalo izinto ezibalulekile njengezihluthulelo, amafoni, noma amaphepha
• Ukulwela ukuhlela imisebenzi, ukuphatha isikhathi, noma ukuhlangabezana nezinsuku zokugcina
• Ukugwema noma ukulibazisa imisebenzi edinga umzamo onamandla wengqondo
• Ukubonakala sengathi awulaleli uma othile ekukhulumela ngqo
• Ukwenza amaphutha angenangqondo emsebenzini noma kwezinye imisebenzi

Lezi zinselele zokuqaphela zingazizwa zikhungathekisa, kodwa khumbula ukuthi zivela ekuhlukaneni kokuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenza kanjani ulwazi, hhayi ngokuntula ukunakekela noma umzamo.

Izimpawu zokuthuthumela kakhulu nokungacabangi ngokucophelela zivame ukubonakala kanje:

• Ukuzizwa ungakhululekile noma ukhungathekile, ngisho noma udinga ukuhlala uzolile
• Ukukhuluma kakhulu noma ukuqeda abanye ezingxoxweni
• Ubunzima bokulilinda isikhathi sakho emizileni noma ezimweni zamaqembu
• Ukuziphatha ngaphandle kokucabanga ngemiphumela
• Ukuzizwa uqhutywa yinjini yangaphakathi engapheli
• Ukulwela ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini ethule
• Ukukhuluma izimpendulo ngaphambi kokuba imibuzo iphele
• Ukuba nobunzima bokuhlala uhlezi uma kulindeleke ukuba wenze njalo

Kubantu abadala, ukuthuthumela kakhulu kungabonakala njengokuthuthumela kwangaphakathi kunokunyakaza okubonakalayo komzimba. Ungase uzizwe sengathi ingqondo yakho ihlala igijima noma ukuthi udinga ukuhlala umatasa njalo.

Imiphi imikhakha ye-ADHD?

I-ADHD iza ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, ngokusekelwe ekutheni yiziphi izimpawu ezivelele kakhulu ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwakho kungasiza ekuqondiseni izinqumo zokwelashwa.

Uhlobo oluqondene kakhulu nokungakwazi ukuqaphela kuthetha ukuthi uhlushwa ikakhulukazi ukungakwazi ukuqaphela nokugxila. Ungase ubonakale uqaphele izinto ezingaphandle, ube nezinkinga zokulandela ingxoxo, noma ulahlekelwe izinto zakho njalo. Lolu hlobo lwalubizwa ngokuthi yi-ADD ngaphambili futhi luhlale lungabonakali, ikakhulu kubantwana namantombazane.

Uhlobo oluqondene kakhulu nokuhamba okukhulu nokuthambekela kokuphazamisa luhilela ikakhulu izimpawu zokuziphatha okukhulu nokuthambekela kokuphazamisa. Ungase uzizwe ungakhululeki njalo, uphazamise abanye njalo, noma uhluleke ukucabanga ngaphambi kokwenza. Lolu hlobo luhlale lubonakala emakilasini noma ezindaweni zokusebenza.

Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe luhlanganisa izimpawu ezinkulu kuwo womabili amaqembu. Lona yilona uhlobo oluvamile lwe-ADHD, oluthinta cishe u-70% lwabantu abane leli gciwane. Izimpawu zakho zingase ziguquke phakathi kokungakwazi ukuqaphela nokuhamba okukhulu nokuthambekela kokuphazamisa kuye ngesimo noma amazinga wakho wokucindezeleka.

Yini ebangela i-ADHD?

I-ADHD ithuthukiswa yihlanganisela enzima yezinto zofuzo, ubuchopho, nezimo ezingqongile. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi iyadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni, okusho ukuthi ihlala ivela emindenini ngokwakho kwakho kwezinto zofuzo.

Izinto zofuzo zidlala indima enamandla ekukhuleni kwe-ADHD. Uma unembele noma umfowenu onayo i-ADHD, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi nawe uyinayo. Ososayensi baye baqaphela amajini amaningana ahlanganyela e-ADHD, nakuba akukho gene elilodwa elibangela leli gciwane ngokwalo.

Ukusebenza nokwakheka kobuchopho okuhlukile nakho kuhlanganyela e-ADHD. Izifundo zokuhlola ubuchopho zibonisa ukuthi izindawo ezithile zobuchopho, ikakhulukazi ezihilelekile ekuqapheleni nasekulawuleni ukuthambekela kokuphazamisa, zingase zibe ncinci noma zisebenze ngokuhlukile kubantu abane-ADHD. Izithunywa zezinto ezikhemikhali zobuchopho, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-neurotransmitters, zisebenza ngokuhlukile.

Ezinye izimo ezingqongile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingase zikhulise ingozi ye-ADHD, nakuba zingabangi ngokuqondile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubhekana nokutshaya utshaba, utshwala, noma amazinga aphezulu wokucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma isisindo esincane sokuzalwa kungase futhi kukhulise ingozi kancane.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-ADHD ayibangelwa ukukhuliswa okubi kwabazali, isikhathi esiningi sokubuka i-screen, noma ukudla ushukela omningi. Lezi zinkolelo-mbanga ezivamile zingadala icala noma ukusola okungadingekile, uma empeleni i-ADHD iyisimo sengqondo esithuthukayo.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela nge-ADHD?

Kufanele ucabangele ukubona umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zezempilo uma izimpawu ze-ADHD zikuphazamisa kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke, ubuhlobo, umsebenzi, noma ukusebenza esikoleni. Igama eliyisihluthulelo lapha lithi "kakhulu" ngoba wonke umuntu uhlangabezana nezinselele zokuqaphela noma ukuthambekela okungapheli.

Kubantwana, cabanga ngokufuna usizo uma othisha bebika njalo izinkinga zokuqaphela noma ukuziphatha, uma umsebenzi wesikole uba yimpi yansuku zonke, noma uma ingane yakho ihluleka ngokuthuthukiswa komphakathi nabangane bayo. Ukusebenza kwezemfundo kungase kwehle naphezu kokuhlakanipha okubonakalayo nomzamo.

Abantu abadala kufanele bafune ukuhlolwa uma benenkinga yokugcina umsebenzi, ukuphatha imisebenzi yasekhaya, noma ukugcina ubuhlobo. Ungase futhi ucabange ngakho uma uhlala ulahlekelwa izinto ezibalulekile, uhlale usaluka, noma uzizwa ukhulukele imisebenzi yansuku zonke abanye abantu ababonakala beyiphatha kalula.

Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziqala ukukukhathaza ngaphambi kokufuna usizo. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekuphatheni i-ADHD ngokuphumelelayo nokunciphisa izinkinga zesibili njengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-ADHD?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula yi-ADHD, yize ukuba nezici ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzoba naleli simo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungasiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani i-ADHD ithuthukela kwabanye abantu kodwa hhayi kwabanye.

Izici ezingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni we-ADHD noma ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ngesisindo esincane sokuzalwa
• Ukudla utshaba, utshwala, noma izidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Ukulimala kwengqondo, ikakhulukazi e-frontal lobe
• Ukuba owesilisa (amadodana atholakala ngokukhulu kunamantombazane)
• Ukudla izinto eziyingozi emvelweni njenge-lead ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka kwasekuqaleni

Ezinye izimo ezingavamile ze-genetic ziphinde zikhulise ingozi ye-ADHD. Lezi zihlanganisa i-fragile X syndrome, i-fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, nezinye izinkinga ze-chromosomal. Noma kunjalo, lezi ziyimbangela yisigamu esincane nje sezimangalo ze-ADHD.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abantu abaningi abanokuthi abaningi abazange bathuthukise i-ADHD, kanti abanye abanokuthi abambalwa bayithuthukisa. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo kunzima kangakanani ngempela.

Ziyini izinhlupheko ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-ADHD?

Ngaphandle kokuphathwa okuhle, i-ADHD ingabangela izinselele ezahlukene ezindaweni ezahlukene zokuphila kwakho. Noma kunjalo, ngokwelashwa okufanele nokwesekwa, ungavimbela noma unciphise izinhlupheko eziningi zalezi.

Izinhlupheko ezihlobene nemfundo nasemsebenzini zivamile futhi zingase zihlanganise:

• Ubunzima bokuqedela esikoleni noma ukuyeka esikoleni ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Ukushintsha imisebenzi njalo noma ukungqubuzana emsebenzini
• Ukwehluleka ukufeza okulingana nekhono lakho langempela
• Ukungahlali kuhle okuqhubekayo okuthinta ukukhiqiza
• Ukugcina izinto kuze kube sekupheleni okuholela ekwehlulekeni ukuhlangabezana nezinkomba noma amathuba

Izinhlupheko zenhlalo nezingokomzwelo zingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho. Ungase uhlupheke ngokugcina ubungane, ube nokungqubuzana okuvamile ebuhlotsheni, noma ube nokuzithemba okuphansi ngenxa yokwehluleka okuphindaphindayo noma ukugxeka.

Izinhlupheko zempilo yengqondo zivame ukuthuthuka kanye ne-ADHD engaphathwe kahle. I-anxiety disorders, i-depression, nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kwenzeka ngokukhulu kubantu abane-ADHD. Ukulwela njalo ukuhlangabezana nethemba kungabangela imizwa yokungafaneleki noma ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo.

Abanye abantu abane-ADHD babhekene nezinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína njengokwanda komngcipheko wezingozi ngenxa yokungacabangi, izinkinga zomthetho ezivela ekwenzeni izinqumo ezimbi, noma ukuzihlukanisa kakhulu komphakathi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpumelelo ezinkulu azivamile uma kunokwelashwa okulungile nokwesekwa.

Khumbula ukuthi izinkinga azikho ngokuqinisekile. Ngokuxilongwa okulungile, ukwelashwa, nokuqonda kwakho, abantu abaningi abane-ADHD baqhuba impilo ephumelelayo, enezithelo.

Ungayivimba kanjani i-ADHD?

I-ADHD ayikwazi ukunqatshelwa ngoba ikakhulukazi isimo sokuzalwa esithuthukiswa ngenxa yezingxenyekazi zobuchopho ezikhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Kodwa-ke, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa izinto ezingaba yingozi nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchopho obuphilile.

Phakathi kokukhulelwa, omama abakhulelwe bangasekele ukuthuthukiswa kobuchopho obuphilile ngokugwema utshwala, utsha, neziyobisi zokuzilibazisa. Ukugcina ukunakekelwa okuhle kokukhulelwa, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, nokuphatha amazinga engcindezi kungasiza futhi ekuqedeni ingozi.

Ngemva kokuzalwa, ukudala izindawo ezisekelayo kungasiza izingane ezine-ADHD zikhule, ngisho noma kungavimbeli lesi simo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukumisa amasiko ahlala njalo, ukunikeza izilinganiso ezicacile, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ulele ngokwanele nokudla.

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela i-ADHD ngokwayo, ukuhlonza kwasekuqaleni nokungenelela kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi ezihlobene nalesi simo. Lapho i-ADHD iqaphelwa futhi ihlonzwa ngokushesha, imiphumela yesikhathi eside iba ngcono.

I-ADHD ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonza i-ADHD kuhilela ukulingwa okubanzi ngumhlinzeki wezempilo ofanelekile, ngokuvamile uchwepheshe wezengqondo, isazi sengqondo, noma udokotela wezingane onolwazi lwe-ADHD. Ayikho ivivi elilodwa elingaxilonga i-ADHD, ngakho inqubo ithembela ekuqoqeni ulwazi oluqondile mayelana nezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wokuphila.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqala ngokwenza izingxoxo eziphelele zezokwelapha. Bazokubuzisa ngezimpawu zakho zamanje, ukuthi zaqala nini, isikhathi eside kangakanani sezivele, nokuthi zithinta kanjani izindawo ezahlukene zokuphila kwakho. Kubantwana, abazali nabafundisi bavame ukunikeza lolu lwazi.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihlanganisa izinto eziningi. Uzogcwalisa izikali zokulinganisa ezimisiwe ezilinganisa izimpawu ze-ADHD, futhi umhlinzeki wakho angacela amalungu omndeni noma abafundisi ukuba bagcwalise amafomu afanayo. Lokhu kusiza ukudweba isithombe esiphelele sokuthi izimpawu ziveleka kanjani ezindaweni ezahlukene.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzohlola futhi umlando wakho wezokwelapha, enze ukuhlolwa komzimba, futhi angalandela ukuhlolwa ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimo ezingafana nezimpawu ze-ADHD. Lezi zingafaka izinkinga zesithayirodi, izinkinga zokuzwa noma ukubona, noma izifo zokulala.

Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa kwe-ADHD, izimpawu kufanele zibe khona ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-12, zenzeke ezindaweni eziningi, zilimaze kakhulu ukusebenza, futhi ziqhubeke okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha. Inqubo yokuhlola ingathatha ama-aphoyintimenti amaningana ukuze iphelelwe ngokuphelele.

Iyini impilo ye-ADHD?

Ukuphathwa kwe-ADHD ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa imithi, amasu okuphatha, kanye nokuguqulwa kwesitayela sokuphila okulungiselelwe izidingo zakho nezimo zakho ezithile. Umgomo awukona ukwelapha i-ADHD kodwa ukukusiza uphathe izimpawu ngokuphumelelayo futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho.

Imithi ngokuvamile iyona yokwelapha yokuqala ye-ADHD ngoba inganikeza ukukhululeka okukhulu kwezimpawu. Imithi yokukhuthaza njengemethylphenidate ne-amphetamines isebenza ngokwandisa amakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni asisiza ekuqondeni nasekulawuleni izingcindezi. Le miithi isebenza kakhulu kubantu abangaba ngu-70-80% abane-ADHD.

Imithi engakhuthazi inikeza ezinye izinketho zabantu abangaphenduli kahle ekukhuthazeni noma ababhekana nemiphumela emibi. Lezi zihlanganisa i-atomoxetine, i-guanfacine, ne-clonidine. Zingathatha isikhathi eside ukubonisa imiphumela kodwa zingasiza ngokulinganayo abantu abaningi.

Ukwelashwa ngokuziphatha kufundisa amakhono asebenzayo okuphatha izimpawu ze-ADHD. Lokhu kungafaka ukufunda amasu okubamba izinto ndawonye, amakhono okuphatha isikhathi, noma izindlela zokuhlukanisa imisebenzi emikhulu ibe yizinyathelo ezincane, ezilawuleka kalula. Ukwelashwa ngokuziphatha okusekelwe ekucabangeni kungasiza futhi ekulungiseni izindlela zokucabanga ezimbi kanye nokuzidela okuncane.

Kubantwana, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abazali zingasiza kakhulu. Lezi zifundisa abazali amakhono athile okuphatha ukuziphatha kwe-ADHD, ukusetha izinhlelo zokuvuza eziphumelelayo, nokudala izindawo zokuphila ezihleliwe ezisekela impumelelo.

Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kuqeda ezinye izindlela zokwelapha futhi kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Ukuzivocavoca njalo, ukulala okwanele, nokudla okulinganiselayo konke kusekela umsebenzi wobuchopho futhi kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-ADHD ngokwemvelo.

Indlela yokuphatha i-ADHD ekhaya?

Ukuphatha i-ADHD ekhaya kuhilela ukudala izindawo ezisekelayo nokukhula amasu asebenzayo asebenza ngokuhlukana kobuchopho bakho kunokuba kube ngokumelene nawo. Izinguquko ezincane, eziqhubekayo zingenza umehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke.

Ukuhleleka nokubamba izinto ndawonye kuyabangane bakho abalungile uma uhlala ne-ADHD. Dala izindawo ezinikeziwe zezinto ezibalulekile njengezihluthulelo, isikhwama semali, nefoni. Sebenzisa izikhumbuzo, abacebisi, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone ukuqapha iziqukatho nezikhathi ezibekiwe. Ukuhlukanisa imisebenzi emikhulu ibe yizinyathelo ezincane, ezithile kuyenza izizwe ingabi nzima kakhulu.

Yenza imikhuba yansuku zonke eqhubekayo eba yizinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungafaka ukusetha izikhathi ezithile zokudla, umsebenzi wasekhaya, kanye nesikhathi sokulala. Imikhuba inciphisa amandla engqondo adingekayo ekwenzeni izinqumo futhi isize ekudaleni uhlelo oluqikelelwayo usuku lwakho.

Zivocavoce njalo, njengoba ukuzivocavoca kungathuthukisa kakhulu izimpawu ze-ADHD. Ngisho nokuhamba imizuzu engama-20 kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukugxila nokunciphisa ukungakhululeki. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuzivocavoca kusebenza kahle njengezidakamizwa ekuphatheni izimpawu ezithile.

Dala indawo yokuhlala ethulile, ehlelekile, encipha isisindo. Lokhu kungasho ukuba uneendawo zokusebenza ezikhethekile ezingenamkhuba, ukusebenzisa ama-headphone okuvimba umsindo, noma ukugcina igumbi lakho lokulala lipholile futhi limnyama ukuze uthole ubuthongo obuhle.

Zama amasu okulawula ukucindezeleka njengokuphefumula okujulile, ukucamngca, noma i-yoga. Izimpawu ze-ADHD zivame ukuba zimbi uma kukhona ukucindezeleka, ngakho-ke ukuba nezindlela zokubhekana nezimo eziphumelelayo kungavimbela ukuphakama kwezimpawu.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwe-ADHD yakho noma i-aphoyintimenti yokulandelela kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nelenani lokwelapha eliphumelelayo. Ukulungiselela okuhle kungenza umehluko phakathi kwendwendwelo enhle nendwendwelo ecasulayo.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala izibonelo ezithile zendlela izimpawu ze-ADHD ezikuthinta ngayo impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Faka imininingwane mayelana nomsebenzi, esikoleni, ubudlelwane, namathandawo wasekhaya. Izibonelo ezicacile zisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde umthelela wezimpawu zakho ezweni langempela.

Butha noma yimaphi amarekhodi ezempilo afanele, ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili, noma imibiko yesikole engase inikeze ulwazi mayelana nezimpawu zakho. Uma ufuna ukuhlolwa ngengane yakho, letha ama-report card, amazwana othisha, nanoma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwangaphambili.

Lungiselela uhlu lwezimpikisho ofuna ukuzibuza. Lokhu kungafaka imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha, imiphumela emibi, noma indlela yokuphatha izimpawu emsebenzini noma esikoleni. Unganqikazi ukucela incazelo uma kukhona okungacaci.

Cabanga ukuletha umngani noma ilungu lomndeni omethembayo kwi-aphoyintimenti. Bangakwazi ukunikeza umbono owengeziwe mayelana nezimpawu zakho futhi bakusize ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi sokubuya.

Yenza uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, izithasiselo, namavithamini owathatha. Ezinye izinto zingase zihlangane nezidakamizwa ze-ADHD noma zithinte izimpawu, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho udinga ulwazi oluphelele.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana ne-ADHD?

I-ADHD iyisimo esingokoqobo, esingaphatheka esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba ingadala izinselele ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, akuyona iphutha lobuntu, ukwehluleka kokuziphatha, noma umphumela wokukhulelwa okubi noma ukushoda kwamandla enhliziyo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-ADHD iyaphatheka kakhulu. Ngokutholakala kokuxilongwa okufanele, ukwelashwa okufanele, kanye nezinhlelo ezinhle zokusekela, abantu abane-ADHD bangaphila impilo ephumelelayo, enezithembiso. Abantu abaningi abane-ADHD bafeza izinto ezinkulu emisebenzini yabo, ubudlelwaneni, nemigomo yabo siqu.

I-ADHD iphinde ibe namandla ahlukile angafaneleki ukunqatshelwa. Abantu abaningi abane-ADHD banokudala, banamandla, banokwakha, futhi bakwazi ukucabanga ngaphandle kwemingcele evamile. Lezi zimfanelo zingaba yizimpahla ezinkulu uma zilawulwa kahle.

Uma ucindezela ukuthi wena noma othandekayo wakho ungaba ne-ADHD, ungangabazi ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi futhi kukusize uthuthukise amasu aphelele okuphatha izimpawu.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-ADHD

Ingabe abantu abadala bangathuthukisa i-ADHD kamuva ekuphileni?

I-ADHD ayithuthuki ebuntwini, kodwa abantu abadala abaningi baxilongwa okokuqala njengabantu abadala. Izimpawu zazikhona ebuntwaneni kodwa zingase zibe zingekho, ikakhulukazi kubantwana besifazane noma abantu abanezibonakaliso ezinganaki. Izinguquko zokuphila njengokwanda kwemithwalo yemfanelo kungenza izimpawu ezikhona ziqapheleke kakhulu.

Ingabe i-ADHD ixilongwa kakhulu kubantwana?

Nakuba amazinga okuxilongwa kwe-ADHD esanda emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kubonisa ukuqaphela nokubona kangcono kunokuxilongwa ngokweqile. Abantwana abaningi, ikakhulukazi amantombazane nalabo abanezibonakaliso ezinganaki, ngokomlando babengaxilongwa. Ukulingwa okufanele ochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kahle kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okuchaneka.

Ingabe ungakwazi ukuphuma e-ADHD?

I-ADHD iyisimo esiphila isikhathi eside, kodwa izimpawu zivame ukushintsha njengoba ukhula. Ukuhamba okukhulu kuvame ukuncipha ebuntwini, kuyilapho izinselele zokuqaphela zingase ziqhubeke. Abantu abadala abaningi bafunda amasu okuqondisa okuphumelelayo awasiza ukuphatha izimpawu ngempumelelo, okwenza isimo singabi luhlaza impilo yansuku zonke.

Imithi ye-ADHD iphephile yini ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside?

Imithi ye-ADHD ifundwe kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile iphephile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside uma iqondiswa kahle yisikhungo sezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi ihlala isebenza futhi kubonwe noma yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona ekuqaleni. Izinzuzo zokwelashwa ngokuvamile zidlula ingozi kubantu abaningi.

Ingabe ukushintsha kokudla kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-ADHD?

Nakuba ayikho indlela ethile yokudla engaphilisa i-ADHD, ukugcina ukudla okuhle kusekela impilo yonke yengqondo futhi kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukunciphisa ushukela noma izithasiselo ezibunjwe ngokwenziwe kusiza, nakuba ubufakazi besayensi bunqanyuliwe. Ukudla okuqondile ngezinye izikhathi kungasiza ekuqondeni amandla ahlala njalo nokugxila usuku lonke.