Amabala Ebudala (Amabala E-Liver)

Amabala ebudala yizindawo ezincane, ezinephathe, ezimnyama olweleni. Ahlukile ngobukhulu futhi ngokuvamile abonakala ezindaweni eziqoshwe ilanga, njengobuso, izandla, amahlombe nezingalo. Amabala ebudala abizwa nangokuthi amabala elanga, amabala e-liver nama-solar lentigines.

Amabala okuqala angathinta abantu bazo zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba, kodwa avame kakhulu kubantu abadala abanesikhumba esilula. Ngokungafani namabala, avame kubantwana futhi aphele ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga, amabala okuqala awapheli.

Amabala ebudala awadingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Yenza udokotela wakho abuke amabala amnyama noma ashintshile ukubonakala. Lezi zinguquko zingaba yizimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba, uhlobo oluyingozi lomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Kungcono ukuba noma yiziphi izinguquko ezintsha zesikhumba zibukelwe udokotela, ikakhulukazi uma ibala:

• Limnyama
• Likhuphuka ngobukhulu
• Linomda ongajwayelekile
• Linemibala engajwayelekile
• Liphazamisa igazi

Amabala ebudala abangelwa yiiseli ze-pigment ezisebenza kakhulu. Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, i-pigment yemvelo enikeza isikhumba umbala waso. Ekukhanyeni kwelanga okuningi iminyaka eminingi, amabala ebudala abonakala lapho i-melanin ihlanganiswa ndawonye noma ikhiqizwa ngobuningi obukhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-tanning lamps nama-beds nakho kungabangela amabala ebudala.

Ungase ube nethuba elikhulu lokuba nezindawo zezinwele uma:

• Unekhala elikhanyayo lolusu
• Unembali yokubekwa elangeni njalo noma isikhathi eside noma ukushisa kwelanga

Ukuze usize ukuvimbela amabala ebudala namabala amasha ngemva kokwelashwa, landela lezi zeluleko zokulinganisela ukukhanya kwelanga:

• Gwema ilanga phakathi kwama-10 ekuseni nama-2 ntambama. Ngenxa yokuthi imisebe yelanga iqinile kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi, zama ukuhlela imisebenzi yangaphandle ngezinye izikhathi zosuku.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen. Imizuzu eyi-15 kuya kweyi-30 ngaphambi kokuphuma, sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi enesici sokuvikela ilanga (SPF) okungenani engu-30. Faka i-sunscreen ngokukhulu, bese uyayifaka kabusha njalo emahoreni amabili - noma ngokuphindaphindiwe uma ugeza noma uqhaqhazela.
• Vala. Ukuze uvikeleke elangeni, gqoka izingubo ezisontekile ezimboza izingalo nezinyawo kanye nehethi enkulu, enikeza isivikelo esiningi kunokwenza i-baseball cap noma i-golf visor. Cabanga ngokugqoka izingubo ezenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngesivikelo selanga. Bheka izingubo ezinamabhethri okuvikela ilanga (UPF) angu-40 kuya kwangu-50 ukuze uthole isivikelo esihle kakhulu.

Ukuxilongwa kwamabala okuqala ngobudala kungafaka:

• Ukuhlola ngamehlo. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile angakwazi ukuxilonga amabala okuqala ngobudala ngokubuka isikhumba sakho. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa amabala okuqala ngobudala kwezinye izifo zesikhumba ngoba ukwelashwa kuyahluka futhi ukusebenzisa inqubo engafanele kungase kulibazise olunye ukwelashwa oluyimfuneko.
• I-biopsy yesikhumba. Udokotela wakho angenza ezinye izivivinyo, njengokukhipha isampula encane yesikhumba ukuze ihlolwe elabhoratri (i-biopsy yesikhumba). Lokhu kungasiza ekuhlukaniseni ibala lokuqala ngobudala kwezinye izimo, njenge-lentigo maligna, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. I-biopsy yesikhumba ngokuvamile yenziwa ehhovisi lika-dokotela, kusetshenziswa i-anesthetic yendawo.

Uma ufuna amabala akho ebudala angabonakali kangako, kukhona ukwelashwa okukhona ukuwakhahlisa noma ukuwasusa. Ngenxa yokuthi i-pigment itholakala phansi kwe-epidermis—ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kwesikhumba—noma iyiphi imithi ezoqeda amabala ebudala kufanele ihlanganise lelihlanganiso lesikhumba.

Ukuphathwa kwamabala ebudala kufaka phakathi:

Ukwelashwa kwamabala ebudala okuhlanza isikhumba kuvame ukwenziwa ehhovisi lodokotela futhi akudingeki ukungena esibhedlela. Ubude bezinqubo ngayinye nesikhathi esithathayo ukubona imiphumela kuyahluka kusuka emavikini kuya ezinyangeni.

Ngemva kokwelashwa, uma ungaphandle uzodinga ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi-spectrum ene-sun protection factor (SPF) okungenani engu-30 bese ugqoka izingubo ezivikela ilanga.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa kwamabala ebudala kubhekwa njengokuhlobisa, ngokuvamile akumbozwa yi-insurance. Futhi ngoba lezi zinqubo zingaba nemiphumela emibi, xoxa ngezinketho zakho ngokucophelela nodokotela oqeqeshwe ezimweni zesikhumba (i-dermatologist). Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi i-dermatologist yakho iqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile futhi inokuhlangenwe nakho endleleni oyicabangayo.

• Imithi. Ukusebenzisa ama-creams okuqeda ukukhanya (i-hydroquinone) wedwa noma nge-retinoids (i-tretinoin) ne-steroid ephansi kungase kuqede amabala kancane kancane ezinyangeni eziningi. Ukwelashwa kungase kubangele ukukhahlela okwesikhashana, ubovu, ukushisa noma ukombile.
• I-Laser ne-intense pulsed light. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-laser ne-intense pulsed light zibhubhisa amaseli akhiqiza i-melanin (ama-melanocytes) ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuso besikhumba. Lezi zindlela ngokuvamile zidinga izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. I-lasers elimaza (ablative) isusa ihlanganiso eliphezulu lesikhumba (i-epidermis).
• Ukubanda (i-cryotherapy). Le nqubo iphela ibanga ngokusebenzisa i-cotton-tipped swab ukusebenzisa i-liquid nitrogen imizuzwana emihlanu noma ngaphansi. Lokhu kubhubhisa i-pigment engeziwe. Njengoba indawo iphulukana, isikhumba sibukeka sikhazimulayo. Ukubanda ngokuphuza kungase kusetshenziswe eqenjini elincane lamabala. Ukwelashwa kungase kukhungathekise isikhumba okwesikhashana futhi kube nomngcipheko omncane wokwenzakala okungapheli noma ukuguquka kombala.
• I-Dermabrasion. I-Dermabrasion ihlanza ihlanganiso eliphezulu lesikhumba ngebhulashi eliguquguqukayo ngokushesha. Isikhumba esisha sikhula esikhundleni sayo. Ungase udinge ukwenza inqubo ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esisodwa. Imipumela emibi engenzeka ifaka phakathi ubovu besikhashana, ukugqwala nokukhula. Kungathatha izinyanga eziningi ukuze ubovu buqede.
• I-Microdermabrasion. I-Microdermabrasion iyindlela engathandeki kakhulu kune-dermabrasion. Iyeka ukungcola okuncane kwesikhumba ngokubonakala okuthambile. Uzodinga uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezinyangeni eziningi ukuze uthole imiphumela emincane, yesikhashana. Ungase uqaphele ubovu obuncane noma ukuzwela ezinzindeni eziphathwe. Uma une-rosacea noma imithambo emincane ebomvu ebusweni bakho, le ndlela ingenza isimo sibe sibi.
• Ukukhipha okukhemisi. Le ndlela ihilela ukusebenzisa isisombululo sekhemisi esikhumbeni ukuhlanza amahlanganiso aphezulu. Isikhumba esisha, esiqinile sikhula ukuze sithathe indawo yaso. Imipumela emibi engenzeka ifaka phakathi ukwenzakala, ukutheleleka, nokuqeda noma ukukhanya kombala wesikhumba. Ubovu buhlala kuze kube amasonto amaningana. Ungase udinge ukwelashwa okuningi ngaphambi kokuthi uqaphele noma yimiphi imiphumela.

Amakrimu amaningi nezicubu ezingabhalwanga ngumthombo wokukhanyisa amabala okuqala kukhona ukuthengiswa. La makrimu angathuthukisa ukubonakala kwamabala okuqala, kuye ngokuthi amabala amnyama kangakanani nokuthi uwasebenzisa kangaki ikrimu. Kungase kudingeke usebenzise umkhiqizo onjalo njalo amasonto amaningana noma izinyanga ngaphambi kokuthi ubone imiphumela.

Uma ufuna ukuzama ikrimu yokukhanyisa ethengiswa ngaphandle kwesikripthi, khetha leyo enohidroquinoni, i-glycolic acid noma i-kojic acid. Amanye imikhiqizo, ikakhulu lawo anawo uhidroquinoni, angabangela ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba.

Ungase futhi ufake i-makeup ukuze uthole amabala okuqala angabonakali kangako.