Agoraphobia

I-Agoraphobia (ag-uh-ruh-FOE-be-uh) uhlobo lwe-anxiety disorder. I-Agoraphobia ihilela ukwesaba nokuqeda izindawo noma izimo ezingase zibangele ukukhathazeka kanye nemizwa yokubanjwa, ukungabi namandla noma ukuhlanya. Ungesaba isimo esingokoqobo noma esizayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ungesaba ukusebenzisa ukuthutha komphakathi, ukuba ezindaweni ezingaphandle noma ezivaliwe, ukuqina emgqeni, noma ukuba esixukwini.

Ukukhathazeka kubangelwa ukwesaba ukuthi ayikho indlela elula yokuphunyuka noma ukuthola usizo uma ukukhathazeka kuqala. Ungaqeda izimo ngenxa yokwesaba okunjengokulahleka, ukuwa, noma ukuba nohudo futhi ungakwazi ukuya ekhaya. Abantu abaningi abanayo i-agoraphobia bayithola ngemva kokuba ne-panic attack eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, okubenza bakhathazeke ngokuba ne-attack enye. Bese baqeda izindawo lapho kungase kwenzeke khona futhi.

I-Agoraphobia ngokuvamile iholela ekubeni kunzima ukuzizwa uphephile kunoma iyiphi indawo yeningi, ikakhulukazi lapho isixuku sibuthene khona nasezindaweni ezingaziwa. Ungase uzizwe udinga umngane, njengolunye ilungu lomndeni noma umngani, ukuya nawe ezindaweni zomphakathi. Ukwesaba kungaba okukhulu kangangokuba ungase uzizwe ungakwazi ukusiya ekhaya lakho.

Ukuphathwa kwe-Agoraphobia kungaba inselele ngoba kusho ukubhekana nokwesaba kwakho. Kodwa ngokwelashwa okulungile - ngokuvamile uhlobo lokwelashwa okuthiwa yi-cognitive behavioral therapy kanye nezinambuzane - ungaphuma egibe le-agoraphobia futhi uphile impilo enhle kakhulu.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-agoraphobia zihlanganisa ukwesaba kokuthi: Ukushiya ikhaya wedwa. Isixuku noma ukulinda emgqeni. Izindawo ezivaliwe, njengeziyaleli zefilimu, amateleli noma izitolo ezincane. Izindawo ezingaphandle, njengezindawo zokupaka, amabhuloho noma amall. Ukusebenzisa ukuthutha komphakathi, njengombuso, indiza noma isitimela. Lezi zimo zibangela ukukhathazeka ngoba wesaba ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukubalekela noma uthole usizo uma uqala ukuzizwa unesizungu. Noma ungesaba ukuba nezinye izimpawu eziphazamisayo noma ezihlasimulisayo, njengokukhungatheka, ukuhlupheka, ukuwa noma isifo sohudo. Ngaphezu kwalokho: Ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka kwakho kuphambene nobungozi bangempela besimo. Uyakugwema lesimo, udinga umngane ohambayo nawe, noma ubekezelela lesimo kodwa uthukuthele kakhulu. Unayo inkinga enkulu noma izinkinga ezimweni zomphakathi, emsebenzini noma kwezinye izindawo ekuphileni kwakho ngenxa yokwesaba, ukukhathazeka noma ukugwema. Ukwesaba kwakho nokuzigwema kuvame ukuphela izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Abanye abantu bane-panic disorder ngaphezu kwe-agoraphobia. I-panic disorder uhlobo lokuhlupheka kokukhathazeka okuhlanganisa ukuhlaselwa yi-panic. Ukuhlaselwa yi-panic kuyizizwe eziqubukele phambili zokwesaba okukhulu okufinyelela epikinini phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa futhi kubangele izimpawu ezinzima zomzimba. Ungacabanga ukuthi ulahlekelwe ngokuphelele ukulawula, uhlushwa yisifo senhliziyo noma uyafa. Ukwesaba ukuhlaselwa yi-panic okunye kungadala ukugwema izimo ezifanayo noma indawo lapho kwenzeka khona ukuzama ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yi-panic kwesikhathi esizayo. Izimpawu zokuhlukunyezwa yi-panic zingabandakanya: Izinga lokugijima lenhliziyo. Ukuphefumula okunzima noma ukuzizwa ukhwehleza. Ubuhlungu noma ukucindezeleka esifubeni. Ukukhungatheka noma ukukhungatheka. Ukuzizwa uthuthumela, uqine noma ukhungatheka. Ukukhishwa okukhulu. Ukufudumala noma ukuthanda okungazelele. Isisu esiphazamisekile noma isifo sohudo. Ukuzizwa ulahlekelwe ukulawula. Ukwesaba ukufa. I-Agoraphobia inganciphisa kakhulu ikhono lakho lokuxhumana nabantu, ukusebenza, ukuya emicimbini ebalulekile futhi ngisho nokulawula imininingwane yokuphila kwansuku zonke, njengokugijima imisebenzi. Ungavumeli i-agoraphobia enze izwe lakho libe lincane. Shaya udokotela wakho noma ochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo uma unezimpawu ze-agoraphobia noma ukuhlaselwa yi-panic.

Ukuféba kwendawo ebanzi kungakulinganiselwa kakhulu ikhono lakho lokuxhumana nabantu, ukusebenza, ukuya emicimbini ebalulekile, ngisho nokuphatha imininingwane yokuphila kwansuku zonke, njengokugijima imisebenzi. Ungavumeli ukuféba kwendawo ebanzi kwenze izwe lakho libe lincane. Shaya udokotela wakho noma uqeqeshwe ngokwengqondo uma unezimpawu zokuféba kwendawo ebanzi noma izimpawu zokuthukuthela.

I-biology — kubandakanya nezimo zezempilo kanye ne-genetics — ubuntu, ukucindezeleka kanye namava okufunda konke kungaba neqhaza ekukhuleni kwe-agoraphobia.

Ukuféba kwendawo evulekileyo kungaqala ebuntwaneni, kodwa ngokuvamile kuqala eminyakeni yobusha okanye ekuqaleni kweminyaka yobudala — ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuba kube neminyaka engama-35. Kodwa abantu abadala nabo bangayithuthukisa. Abafazi bahlushwa kakhulu ukuféba kwendawo evulekileyo kunamadoda.

Amathuba okuféba kwendawo evulekileyo afaka:

• Ukuba nesifo sokuhlaselwa kukukhathazeka okanye ezinye izimpendulo zokwesaba okugqithisileyo, okuthiwa yi-phobias.
• Ukuphawula ukuhlaselwa kukukhathazeka ngokwesaba kakhulu nokugwema.
• Ukubhekana nezigameko ezibuhlungu ebomini, njengokuxhashazwa, ukufa komzali noma ukuhlasela.
• Ukuba nobuntu obuxhalabileyo noma obukhulu.
• Ukuba nomuntu wesidoda okanye owesifazane onesifo sokuhlaselwa kukukhathazeka.

Ukuféba kwendawo evulekileyo kunganciphisa kakhulu imisebenzi yobomi bakho. Uma ukuféba kwakho kwendawo evulekileyo kunzima, ungase ungakwazi nokuphuma ekhaya lakho. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, abanye abantu baba abathunjiwe ekhaya iminyaka eminingi. Uma lokhu kuqaleka kuwe, ungase ungakwazi ukuvakashela izihlobo nabangane, uhambe esikoleni noma emsebenzini, uhambe uthenge izinto, noma uthathe indawo kwezinye imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ungase ube nexhala lokuncika kwabanye ngokusiza.

Ukuféba kwendawo evulekileyo futhi kungabangela:

• Ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala noma izidakamizwa.
• Imicabango yokuzibulala nokuziphatha okubi.

Asikho isixazululo esiqinisekile sokuvimbela i-agoraphobia. Kodwa ukukhathazeka kuyaqhubeka nokukhula uma ugwema izimo ozikhathazayo. Uma uqala ukuba nokukhathazeka okuncane ngokuya ezindaweni eziphephile, zama ukuqhubeka uya kulezo zindawo njalo. Lokhu kungakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kulezo zindawo. Uma lokhu kunzima kakhulu ukwenza wedwa, cela ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuba ahambe nawe, noma ucele usizo lochwepheshe. Uma uhlushwa ukukhathazeka ngokuya ezindaweni noma une-panic attacks, thola ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Thola usizo ngokushesha ukuvimbela izimpawu ezingabi bibi. Ukukhathazeka, njengezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, kungaba nzima ukuwelapha uma ulinda.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Agoraphobia kusekelwe ku:

• Izimpawu.
• Ingxoxo ejulile nodokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezempilo yengqondo.
• Uvivinyo lomzimba ukuvimba ezinye izimo ezingaba yimbangela yezimpawu zakho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Agoraphobia kuvame ukubandakanya kokubili ukutholakala komuntu siqu—okubizwa nangokuthi ukukhulumisana—nemithi. Kungathatha isikhathi, kodwa ukwelashwa kungakusiza uphulukiswe. \n\nUkukhulumisana kubandakanya ukusebenza nodokotela ukuze ubeke imigomo nokufunda amakhono asebenzayo okuthoba izimpawu zakho zokukhathazeka. Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisa ukuziphatha kwengqondo kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokukhulumisana ngezifo zokukhathazeka, kufaka phakathi i-agoraphobia. \n\nUkwelashwa okuhlanganisa ukuziphatha kwengqondo kugxila ekukufundiseni amakhono athile okubekezelela kangcono ukukhathazeka, ukuncintisana ngokuqondile nezinkathazo zakho nokubuyela kancane kancane emisebenzini oyigweme ngenxa yokukhathazeka. Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisa ukuziphatha kwengqondo kuvame ukuba ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esifushane. Ngenqubo le, izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka njengoba wakha impumelelo yakho yokuqala. \n\nUngafunda:\n\n- Izici ezingase zibangele ukuhlaselwa yisizungu noma izimpawu ezifana nesizungu nokuthi yini ezenzayo zibe zimbi.\n- Indlela yokubhekana nokukhuthazelela izimpawu zokukhathazeka.\n- Izindlela zokuncintisana ngokuqondile nezinkathazo zakho, njengokuthi ngabe izinto ezimbi zisenzeka ngempela ezimweni zomphakathi.\n- Ukuthi ukukhathazeka kuncipha kancane kancane nokuthi imiphumela ebesaba ayenzeki uma uhlala ezimweni isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukufunda kuzo.\n- Indlela yokusondela ezimweni ezisabisayo nezigwenywayo ngendlela eyandeyelayo, ebingakanani, elawulekayo futhi ephindaphindwayo. Okuyaziwa nangokuthi ukwelashwa kokudalula, yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-agoraphobia.\n\nUma unezinkinga zokuphuma ekhaya lakho, ungase uzibuze ukuthi ungaya kanjani ehhovisi lodokotela. Odokotela abaphatha i-agoraphobia bayazi le nkinga.\n\nUma i-agoraphobia ikhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukufinyelela ukunakekelwa, ungase uzuze ohlelweni olukhulu lwesibhedlela olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu 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olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu olukhulu 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Ukuphila no-agoraphobia kungenza ukuphila kube nzima futhi kunciphise kakhulu. Ukwelashwa okuqeqeshwe ngokufanele kungakusiza ukuba unqobe lesi simo noma ukulawula kahle ukuze ungabi yisiboshwa sezinjabulo zakho. Ungenza nezinyathelo ezilandelayo ukuze ubhekane nokuzinakekela: Landela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Gcina iziqukatho zokwelashwa. Khuluma njalo nodokotela wakho. Zama futhi usebenzise amakhono afundiwe ekwelashweni. Futhi thatha noma yimiphi imithi njengoba kuqondiswe. Zama ukungagwemi izimo ezesabekayo. Kungaba nzima ukuya ezindaweni noma ukuba ezimweni ezikwenza ungakhululeki noma ezikulethela izimpawu zokukhathazeka. Kodwa ukuqeqeshwa njalo ukuya ezindaweni eziningi nakakhulu kungenza zibe mncane uvalo futhi kunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwakho. Umndeni, abangane nodokotela wakho bangakusiza ukuba usebenze kulokhu. Funda amakhono okuzola. Ngokusebenzisana nodokotela wakho, ungafunda ukuthi ungazola kanjani futhi uzithulise. Ukucamngca, i-yoga, ukumomotheka kanye nokubona ngeso lengqondo kuyizindlela ezilula zokupumula ezingase zikusize. Zama lezi zindlela uma ungakhathazeki noma ukukhathazeka, bese uzifaka esimweni sezimo ezinzima. Gwema utshwala neziyobisi zokuzilibazisa. Khipha noma ungabi nakhofini. Lezi zinto zingenza izimpawu zakho zokukhathazeka noma ukukhathazeka zibe zimbi. Zikhathalelani. Thola ukulala okwanele, yiba nomsebenzi womzimba nsuku zonke, futhi udle ukudla okunempilo, kufaka phakathi imifino eminingi nezithelo. Joyina iqembu lokusekela. Ukujoyina iqembu lokusekela labantu abane-anxiety disorders kungakusiza ukuxhumana nabanye ababhekene nezinselele ezifanayo futhi babelane ngamava.