Ukuqonda Ukungakhuthali Utywala: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukungakhuthali utywala yikho ukungakwazi komzimba wakho ukuqhekeza utywala ngendlela efanele, okuholela ekuphenduleni okungathandeki ngisho nasemuva kokusebenzisa inani elincane. Ngokungafani nokuqabukela ngempela utywala, okuyimfihlo kakhulu, ukungakhuthali utywala kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungenawo ama-enzyme athile adingekayo ukuqhekeza utywala ngokuphumelelayo.

Lesi simo siqine abantu abaningi emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi labo abavela e-Asia. Uma ungakhuthali utywala, ukusebenzisa igalasi elincane lewayini noma ubhiya kungabangela izimpawu ezinjengokubomvu kobuso, isicanucanu, noma izikhathi zikhanda. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, nakuba kungathandeki, ukungakhuthali utywala akuyona into eyingozi futhi kungaphathwa uma usuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho.

Ziyini izimpawu zokungakhuthali utywala?

Izimpawu zokungakhuthali utywala zivame ukuvela ngaphakathi kwemizuzu kuya ku-hora elilodwa ngemuva kokusebenzisa utywala. Ukuqonda ukuthi umzimba wakho uyakutshela ngezimpawu ukuthi uyalwela ukuqhekeza lokho okusebenzise.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazihlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukubomvu kobuso, ikakhulukazi emathangeni nasekhoneni
• Isicanucanu noma ukuphazamiseka kwesisu
• Ukushona kwenhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Isikhathi sikhanda noma ukukhungatheka
• Ikhala noma iphunga eliphuma emakhaleni
• Ukubi kakhulu kwezimpawu ze-asthma uma une-asthma
• Ukuhla kwegazi
• Ukhukhula noma ukungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla

Kwezinye izikhathi, abanye abantu bangaba nezimo ezingathi sína. Lokhu kungafaka ubunzima bokuqeda umoya, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesikhumba, noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla ezinzima. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezinzima, kubalulekile ukuyeka ukusebenzisa utywala bese ucabanga ngokuya kudokotela.

Ubunzima balezi zimpawu buvame ukuxhomekeke ekubeni usebenzise kangakanani utywala nokuthi ukungakhuthali kwakho kunzima kangakanani. Abanye abantu bangakhuthala inani elincane, kanti abanye baphendula ngisho nezinani ezincane ezitholakala ekudleni noma kwemithi.

Yini ebangela ukungakhuthali utywala?

Ukungakhuthali utywala kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungenzi ngokwanele ama-enzyme adingekayo ukuqhekeza utywala ngendlela efanele. Cabanga ngala ma-enzyme njengabahlanzi bomzimba wakho wokucubungula utywala.

Isono eliyinhloko ngokuvamile ukushoda kwe-enzyme ebizwa nge-aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). Uma usebenzisa utywala, isibindi sakho siqala siyiqhekeza ibe yi-acetaldehyde, i-compound enobuthi. Ngokuvamile, i-ALDH2 iqhekeza ngokushesha le acetaldehyde ibe yizinto ezingonakali. Kodwa uma ungenayo le enzyme ngokwanele, i-acetaldehyde iyakha ohlelweni lwakho, ibangele lezo zimpawu ezingathandeki.

Lesi simo sokushoda kwe-enzyme siwumoya. Sivame kakhulu kubantu abavela e-Asia, siqine kuze kube yi-50% yabantu baseChina, Japan, naseKorea. Noma kunjalo, kungaba khona kubantu banoma yiluphi uhlobo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukungakhuthali utywala kungase kuqale kamuva ekuphileni ngenxa yezinye izinto. Ezinye izidakamizwa zingaphazamisa ukucubungula utywala, futhi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezinjenge-Hodgkin's lymphoma ziye zahlanganiswa nokuqabukela utywala. Iminyaka ingadlala indima, njengoba ikhono lomzimba wakho lokucubungula utywala lingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela ngokungakhuthali utywala?

Kufanele ucabange ngokuya kudokotela uma uhlala uhlangabezana nezimo ezingathandeki ngemuva kokusebenzisa utywala, ikakhulukazi uma lezi zimpawu ziya zibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umhlinzeki wezempilo angakusiza aqonde ukuthi uhlangabezana nokungakhuthali utywala noma enye isimo.

Funani usizo lokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimo ezinzima ezinjengobunzima bokuqeda umoya, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesikhumba, noma izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis ezinjengokuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, noma umlomo. Nakuba ukuqabukela utywala ngempela kuyimfihlo, kungaba yingozi futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho ziyaphazamisa impilo yakho yomphakathi noma zikubangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu. Bangakusiza uqonde isimo sakho kangcono futhi uxoxe ngezindlela zokuphatha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uthatha imithi futhi uqaphela ukuphawula okusha ngotywala, udokotela wakho kufanele ahlole imithi yakho ukuhlola ukusebenzisana okungenzeka.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini yokungakhuthali utywala?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuba nokungakhuthali utywala. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi kungani ungase ube nezimpawu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu engase ikwenze ube sengozini iwumlando wakho womndeni. Abantu abavela e-Asia banengozi enkulu ngenxa yezinguquko ze-genetic eziqeda ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinguquko ze-genetic zingaba khona kunoma yiluphi uhlanga, kodwa kancane.

Ezinye izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni wokungakhuthali utywala noma ukuqabukela
• Ukuba ne-asthma noma ezinye izimo zokuphefumula
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile ephazamisa ukuguqulwa kotywala
• Ukuba nezimo zezokwelapha ezinjenge-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Ukuguqulwa komzimba okuhambisana neminyaka
• Ukuguqulwa kwamahomoni, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuba nezinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini akusho ukuthi uzoba nokungakhuthali utywala. Abantu abaningi abana lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ababi nazinkinga ngotywala, kanti abanye abangenazo izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini bangase babe nokungakhuthali.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokungakhuthali utywala?

Nakuba ukungakhuthali utywala akuyona into eyingozi, ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa utywala nakuba unakho kungabangela izinkinga eziningi. Ukukhula kwe-acetaldehyde ohlelweni lwakho kuya kuhlupha umzimba wakho futhi kungabangela izinkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa ingozi enkulu yomdlavuza wesifuba, ikakhulukazi uma uqhubeka nokusebenzisa utywala njalo nakuba uhlangabezana nokubomvu kwezinto kanye nezinye izimpawu. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukukhula kwe-acetaldehyde kuhlanganyela kule ngozi enkulu yomdlavuza.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukubi kakhulu kwezimpawu ze-asthma uma une-asthma
• Igozi elikhulu lokuba nezinhloso zikhanda noma izikhathi zikhanda
• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla nokucasuka kwesisu
• Ukukhathazeka komphakathi noma komzwelo ngokugwema imisebenzi ehlobene notywala
• Ukusebenzisa utywala ngengozi ekudleni noma kwemithi futhi uhlangabezane nezimo

Kwezinye izikhathi, abantu abangakhuthali utywala abaqhubeka nokusebenzisa utywala bangase babe nokuqabukela okukhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abanye bangase babe nemiphumela yezingqondo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuzwa ukungakhululeki ngemuva kokusebenzisa utywala emicimbini yomphakathi.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi zinkinga zingavikeleka ngokugwema noma ukulinganisela ukusebenzisa utywala uma usuqaphela ukungakhuthali kwakho.

Ukuxilongwa kokungakhuthali utywala kwenziwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kokungakhuthali utywala kuvame ukulula futhi kuqondiswe ikakhulukazi ezimpawu zakho nasesimweni sakho sokusebenzisa utywala. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani uma usebenzisa utywala nokuthi uke wahlala isikhathi esingakanani uhlangabezana nalezi zimo.

Alukho uvivinyo oluqondile lokungakhuthali utywala, kodwa udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuthi wenze ezinye izivivinyo ukuze uqede ezinye izimo. Bangase bakhuthaze ukuhlolwa kokusebenzisa utywala, lapho usebenzisa inani elincane lotywala endaweni eqondiswayo ukuze ubone indlela oqabukela ngayo, nakuba lokhu akuyona njalo into edingekayo uma izimpawu zakho zicacile.

Udokotela wakho angase afune ukuhlola ukuqabukela utywala, okuhlukile ekungakhuthali. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uhlole ukuqabukela izithako ezitholakala eziphuzeni ezidakayo, ezinjengezithelo, i-hops, noma i-wheat.

Kwezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase akhuthaze izivivinyo zokuhlola izimo ezingaphansi ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho. Bangase futhi bahlole imithi yakho ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini engaphazamisa ukucubungula utywala.

Gcina idayari yezimpawu zakho ngaphambi kokubonisana nodokotela, ubhale lokho okusebenzise, inani, kanye nezimpawu ozihlangabezane nazo. Ulwazi olukhulu kuzokusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi enze ukuxilongwa okulungile.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha ukungakhuthali utywala?

Indlela yokwelapha ukungakhuthali utywala ephumelelayo iwukugwema utywala noma ukusebenzisa okuncane kunakuqala. Njengoba lesi simo sibangelwa ukungakwazi komzimba wakho ukuqhekeza utywala ngendlela efanele, asikho isilondolozi esizokuvumela ukuba usebenze njengoba nje ufuna ngaphandle kwezimpawu.

Noma kunjalo, kunezindlela eziningi ezingakusiza uphathe isimo sakho. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi bangakhuthala inani elincane lezinye izinhlobo zotywala kangcono kunabanye. Isibonelo, ungase ungaphenduli kakhulu eziphuzeni ezicacile kunewayini elibomvu, noma ngokuphambene nalokho.

Ukulawula izimpawu, udokotela wakho angase akhuthaze:

• Ama-antihistamines athathwe ngaphambi kokusebenzisa utywala ukuze kunciphisa ukubomvu kanye nezinye izimpawu zokuxilongwa
• Ukugwema utywala ngokuphelele, okuyindlela ethembekile kakhulu
• Ukukhetha iziphuzo ezidakayo ezinama-congeners ambalwa (izinto ezingenza izimo zibe zimbi)
• Ukusebenzisa utywala kancane futhi ngezinani ezincane uma ukhetha ukusebenzisa
• Ukugcina umzimba uthambile nokudla ngaphambi kokusebenzisa utywala

Abanye abantu bazama imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela ukuvimbela izimpawu, kodwa lezi azilungi ukushoda kwe-enzyme futhi zingase zingabi nemiphumela ephelele. Khuluma njalo nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzame noma iyiphi imithi yokulawula ukungakhuthali utywala.

Indlela yokuphatha ukungakhuthali utywala ekhaya?

Ukuphatha ukungakhuthali utywala ekhaya kuwukwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile nokulungiselela izimo zomphakathi. Okubalulekile ukuthola izindlela ezisebenza ekuphileni kwakho ngenkathi ugcina ukhululekile futhi unempilo.

Qala ngokubona izinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho nemikhawulo yakho. Gcina ulandelela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zotywala ezingabangela izimo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nezinani ongakhuthala, uma kukhona. Ulwazi olukhulu luzokusiza wenze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile mayelana nokusebenzisa utywala.

Ngezinye izimo zomphakathi, cabanga ngalezi zindlela eziwusizo:

• Yiba nezinto ongazisebenzisi ezingena utywala ozithandayo
• Dle ukudla okuhle ngaphambi kokuya emicimbini lapho kuzoba khona utywala
• Tshela abangane bakho abaseduze ngesimo sakho ukuze bakwazi ukukusekela
• Zama izindlela ezinhle zokwenqaba iziphuzo ngaphandle kokunikeza izincazelo ezide
• Letha iziphuzo zakho ezingena utywala emibuthanweni uma kufaneleka

Uma ukhetha ukusebenzisa inani elincane lotywala ngezinye izikhathi, yenza ngokuphepha. Sebenzisa kancane, gcina umzimba uthambile ngamanzi, futhi yeka ngokushesha uma uqala ukuzwa izimpawu. Ungalokothi uzame "ukudlula" isimo, njengoba lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe kabi kakhulu.

Qaphela ukuthi utywala ungafihliwe ekudleni, kwemithi, kanye nakwezinye izinto zokuhlanza umlomo. Funda imibhalo ngokucophelela bese ubuza ngezithako uma udla ngaphandle.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani ukubonisana nodokotela wakho?

Ukulungiselela kahle ukubonisana nodokotela wakho kuzokusiza uthole ukuxilongwa okulungile kakhulu nezeluleko ezisizayo. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zenzeka nini nokuthi zinzima kangakanani.

Yenza umlando wokusebenzisa utywala oningiliziwe ukuze uwabelane nodokotela wakho. Faka ulwazi mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zotywala ezingabangela izimo, inani olijwayele ukusebenzisa lapho izimpawu zenzeka, kanye nokuthi uke wahlala isikhathi esingakanani uhlangabezana nalezi zinkinga. Phawula futhi noma yiziphi izimo oziqaphelayo, ezinjengokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zotywala zimbi kakhulu kunabanye.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemiithi yonke oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela, izongezo, kanye nemithi yemvelo. Ezinye izidakamizwa zingasebenzisana notywala noma ziqede indlela umzimba wakho oqhekeza ngayo.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, ezinjengalezi:

• Ingabe lokhu ngempela ukungakhuthali utywala noma kungaba yinto enye?
• Ingabe kunezivivinyo engingase ngizithole?
• Ngingalulawula kanjani lesi simo ngokuphepha?
• Ingabe kunezingozi zempilo engingase ngiqaphele?
• Kufanele ngigweme utywala ngokuphelele noma ngingasebenzisa inani elincane?

Lungiselela futhi ukuxoxa ngomlando womndeni wakho, njengoba ukungakhuthali utywala kungadlulela emindenini. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kunoma yimuphi umuntu womndeni onezimo ezifanayo ngotywala.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana nokungakhuthali utywala?

Ukungakhuthali utywala yisimo esivamile esenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukuqhekeza utywala ngendlela efanele ngenxa yokushoda kwama-enzyme. Nakuba kungase kube nzima futhi ngezinye izikhathi kube nzima empilweni yomphakathi, akuyona into eyingozi uma ilawulwa kahle.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqonde ukuthi lokhu akuyona into ongayinqoba noma ukhule ngayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme omzimba wakho kunqunywa ikakhulukazi yi-genetics, futhi asikho isifundo noma ukuvezwa okuzoshintsha le ndlela yokusebenza yomzimba wakho.

Abantu abaningi abangakhuthali utywala baqhuba impilo evamile, enempilo ngokugwema utywala noma ukusebenzisa inani elincane. Kunezinto eziningi ezingena utywala ezimnandi ezitholakala namuhla, futhi izimo zomphakathi azikho ukusebenzisa utywala.

Uma ucindezela ukuthi unokungakhuthali utywala, ungawagcini izimpawu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho, funda ngesimo sakho, bese uthola uhlelo lokulawula olusebenza ekuphileni kwakho. Khumbula, ukunakekela impilo yakho kuhlale kubaluleke kakhulu kunanoma yiluphi ucindezelelo lomphakathi lokusebenzisa utywala.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokungakhuthali utywala

Ingabe ukungakhuthali utywala kungase kuqale ngokuzumayo?

Yebo, ukungakhuthali utywala kungase kuqale kunoma yimuphi umnyaka, ngisho noma uke waba nazinkinga ngotywala. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yokuguqulwa komzimba wakho, imithi emisha, ukuguqulwa kwamahomoni, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezingaphansi. Abanye abantu bayaluqaphela luqala kancane, kanti abanye bahlangabezana nokuhlala okusheshayo kokuthi umzimba wabo uqabukela kanjani utywala.

Ingabe ukungakhuthali utywala kufana nokuqabukela utywala?

Cha, ukungakhuthali utywala nokuqabukela utywala kuyizimo ezihlukile. Ukungakhuthali utywala kubangelwa ukushoda kwama-enzyme futhi kuholela ezimpawu ezinjengokubombu kobuso nesicanucanu. Ukuqabukela utywala kuyimfihlo kakhulu futhi kuhilela uhlelo lwakho lokulwa nezifo, okungase kubangele izimo ezinzima ezinjengobunzima bokuqeda umoya noma i-anaphylaxis. Abantu abaningi abacabanga ukuthi "baqabukela" utywala empeleni banokungakhuthali utywala.

Ngingathatha yini imithi ukuvimbela izimpawu zokungakhuthali utywala?

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ama-antihistamines angasiza ekuthambiseni izimpawu ezinjengokubomvu kobuso nekhala, kodwa lezi azilungi ukushoda kwe-enzyme. Asikho isidakamizwa esizokuvumela ukuba usebenze njengoba nje ufuna uma unokungakhuthali utywala. Bhekana njalo nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma iyiphi imithi yokulawula lezi zimpawu, njengoba ezinye izindlela zingase zingaphephile.

Ingabe ukungakhuthali utywala kuqine abesifazane ngendlela ehlukile kunamadoda?

Abesifazane bangase babe nezimpawu zokungakhuthali utywala ezinzima kakhulu ngenxa yokwehluka komzimba namazinga amahomoni. Abesifazane ngokuvamile banayo kancane i-enzyme eqhekeza utywala kanye namanzi amancane emizimbeni yabo, okwenza izimpawu zokungakhuthali utywala zibe nzima kakhulu. Ukuguqulwa kwamahomoni phakathi kokutholakala, ukukhulelwa, noma i-menopause kungase futhi kuqede ukuqabukela utywala.

Ingabe ukungakhuthali utywala kungaphiliswa noma kuzothuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Ngeshwa, ukungakhuthali utywala ngokuvamile kuyisimo esiqhubekayo ngoba ngokuvamile kubangelwa izinto ze-genetic eziqeda ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme. Akulungi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma ukuvezwa utywala. Eqinisweni, ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa utywala nakuba unokungakhuthali kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Indlela engcono kakhulu iwukufunda ukuphatha isimo kunokulindela ukuthi sizozilungisa ngokwalo.