Ukuphepheka Kwe-Allergy? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Ukuphepheka kwenzeka uma i-immune system yakho iphendula ngokweqile ezintweni ezingalimi njenge-pollen, uthuli, noma ukudla okuthile. Cabanga ngayo njengesistimu yokuphepha yomzimba wakho esinempilo kakhulu futhi iqhubeka nokukhala lapho kungekho luvalo olukhulu.

Le nqubo ye-immune system iqhuba izimpawu ezingaba kusukela ekuqhekekeni okuncane kuya ekuphenduleni okukhulu. Cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingama-50 baseMelika baphethwe yi-allergy minyaka yonke, okwenza kube yinoma yizona zimo ezihlala njalo ongahlangana nazo.

Ukuphepheka Kwe-Allergy?

I-allergy yiphendulo ephosakeleyo yesistimu yakho ye-immune system entweni ecabanga ukuthi iyingozi, ngisho noma empeleni ingalimi. Uma uhlangana ne-allergen, umzimba wakho ukhulula ama-antibodies abizwa nge-immunoglobulin E (IgE) aqalisa ukukhululwa kwezinto ezikhiqizayo njenge-histamine.

Lezi zinto zenza izimpawu ezingathandeki ozibona ngesikhathi sokuphendula kwe-allergic. Ukuqonda kwakho umzimba wakho ku-pollen kufana nendlela okuyisebenzisa ngayo i-virus noma ibhaktheriya eyingozi, uqala impendulo ephelele yokuzikhusela.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngenkathi i-allergy ingakhungathekisa, ilawuleka ngendlela efanele kanye nelenhlangano yokwelapha.

Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Allergy?

Izimpawu ze-allergy zingase zihluke kakhulu kuye ngalokho okuphephekayo kanye nendlela umzimba wakho uphendula ngayo. Ake sihambe ngezibonakaliso ezivamile umzimba wakho ungase ube nayo i-allergic reaction.

Izimpawu zokuphefumula zivame ukubonakala kuqala futhi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqhekeka, ikakhulukazi ngokungqubuzana okuningi kwe-sneezes
• Ikhala noma i-stuffy nose nge-mucus ecacile
• Amehlo akhazimulayo, amanzi angase abonakale abomvu
• I-throat ebuhlungu noma ebuhlungu
• Ukukhokha, ikakhulukazi ukukhokha okwomile
• Ukuqhekeka noma ubunzima bokuqhekeka

Ukuphepheka kwesikhumba enye indlela evamile i-allergy ezibonakalisa ngayo:

• Isibilo (amaqhubu aphakanyisiwe, akhazimulayo olwephuli lwakho)
• Ukuqhuma kwe-Eczema ngamabala omile, akhazimulayo
• Ukuvuvukala emehlweni, ezindebeni, noma ebusweni
• Isibilo esibomvu, esikhazimulayo esingase sisakazeke

Izimpawu zokugaya ukudla zingase zenzeke ngezifo zokudla futhi zihlanganisa:

• Ukupukeka noma ukubamba esiswini
• Ukugabha noma ukululama
• Ukukhukhumeka noma igesi

Iningi lezingxaki zokuzala lilula kuya kwelinye futhi liphendula kahle ekwelapheni. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga ezinzima ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.

Imiphi Imikhakha Yezingxaki Zokuzala?

Izingxaki zokuzala zizalwa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene, ngayinye eqalwa izinto ezithile. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo onalo kungakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho ngokuphumelelayo.

Izingxaki zokuzala zesizini (ezibizwa nangokuthi i-hay fever noma i-allergic rhinitis) ziqalwa yizinto ezingcolile eziphakathi njenge-pollen yemithi entwasahlobo, i-pollen yengca ehlobo, ne-pollen ye-ragweed ekuwa. Lezi zivame ukuza nokuhamba nezizini.

Izingxaki zokuzala ezingapheli zihlala unyaka wonke ngoba zibangelwa yizinto ezingcolile eziphakathi njengezinambuzane, uboya bezilwane, ubuthi, noma udoti lwezilwane ezincelisayo. Ungase uqaphele ukuthi lezi zimpawu zimbi kakhulu emakamelweni athile noma ezakhiweni.

Izingxaki zokuzala zokudla zihilela isimiso sakho sokuvikela esiphendula kumaprotheni athile ekudleni. Izimbangi ezivamile zihlanganisa ubisi, amaqanda, amantongomane, amantongomane emithi, izinhlanzi, izilwane zasolwandle, ukolweni, nosoya.

Izingxaki zokuzala zamalungiselelo zingase zithuthukiswe ngamalungiselelo afana ne-penicillin, i-aspirin, noma amanye amalungiselelo. Lezi zingxaki zingase zibe yizibilo ezilula zesikhumba kuya kwizimpendulo ezinzima kakhulu.

Izingxaki zokuzala zokuxhumana zenzeka lapho isikhumba sakho siqopha izinto ezithile njenge-poison ivy, i-nickel emakhazeni, i-latex, noma imikhiqizo ethile yokuhlobisa nokuhlanza.

Izingxaki zokuzala zokunyathela izinambuzane zenzeka lapho umzimba wakho uphendula kakhulu ebutheni bezinambuzane, izinyosi, ama-wasps, ama-hornets, ama-yellow jackets, noma izinyosi zomlilo.

Yini Ebangela Ukuphazamiseka Kwemizimba?

Ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba kuvela lapho isimo sakho sokuvikela umzimba siqaphela ngephutha into engenangozi njengengozi. Isizathu esiqondile sokuthi lokhu kwenzeka asiqondakali ngokugcwele, kodwa abacwaningi baye baqaphela izici eziningi ezihlanganyela.

Igenetics idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondiseni ingozi yakho yokuphazamiseka kwemizimba. Uma omunye wabazali bakho enezinkinga zokuphazamiseka kwemizimba, unethuba elingaba ngu-25% lokuba nawo nawe. Uma bobabili abazali benezinkinga zokuphazamiseka kwemizimba, ingozi yakho ikhuphuka iye ku-60-70%.

Izici zemvelo ebuntwaneni obuncane zingathinta ukuthuthukiswa kokuphazamiseka kwemizimba. Ukudalulwa kwezinye izinto ezingabangela ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba lapho isimo sakho sokuvikela umzimba sisathuthuka kungakwenza ube nethuba elikhulu lokuthi ube nokuphazamiseka kwemizimba kamuva.

Umbono we-hygiene hypothesis usikisela ukuthi ukuhlala ezindaweni ezihlanzekile kakhulu empeleni kungandisa ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwemizimba. Lapho isimo sakho sokuvikela umzimba singahlangani namanxeba amaningi ekuqaleni kokuphila, singase siphendule kakhulu ezintweni ezingenangozi esikhundleni salokho.

Ukungcola komoya nezici zesitayela sokuphila nawo angase ahlanganyele ekuthuthukisweni kokuphazamiseka kwemizimba. Izindawo zasemadolobheni ezinemigomo yokungcola ephezulu zihambisana nezinga elikhuphukile lokuphazamiseka kwemizimba.

Ezinye izinto ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba ezingavamile zihlanganisa imithi ethile, ukudalulwa emsebenzini ezimweni zekhemikhali noma uthuli, ngisho nokucindezeleka, okungenza kube kubi kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba okukhona.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngokuphazamiseka Kwemizimba?

Kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wezempilo uma izimpawu zakho zokuphazamiseka kwemizimba zikuphazamisa ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke noma aziphenduli ekwelapheni okungenayo iresiphi. Abantu abaningi bazama ukuzikhuthaza, kodwa akukho sidingo sokuhlupheka ngaphandle kwesidingo.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti uma uhlushwa izimpawu eziqhubekayo njengokuphahlazeka okuqhubekayo, ukuthimula okuvamile, noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwesikhumba okuphila izinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yini ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwakho futhi enze uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenza ngawe.

Funani usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokuvuvukala okukhulu okungokwempilo (anaphylaxis):

• Ubunzima bokuthinta umoya noma ukuhlabana
• Ukukhula kobuso, izindebe, olulimi, noma umlomo
• Izingcindezi ezikhulayo noma ukukhungatheka
• I-hives eziningi noma ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba
• Ukuphefumula, ukugabha, noma isifo sohudo ngemva kokudalulwa kumthombo wokuqabula owaziwayo
• Ukuzizwa kokuba sekufika isikhathi sokufa noma ukukhathazeka okukhulu

Unganqikazi ukubiza i-911 uma ucindezela ukuthi unayo i-anaphylaxis. Lena yingozi yezokwelapha edinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-epinephrine kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kwezokuqeqeshwa.

Kufanele futhi ubhekane nodokotela uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi yini ebangela ukusabela kwakho okungokwempilo, njengoba ukuhlonza kahle izinto ezibangela kuyisihluthulelo sokuphathwa okuphumelelayo.

Ziyini izinto eziyingozi zokuthola ukusabela okungokwempilo?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthola ukusabela okungokwempilo, yize ukuba nezinto eziyingozi akusho ukuthi uzoba nesabela okungokwempilo. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela lapho kungenzeka.

Umlando womndeni yiyona isibikezelo esinamandla kunazo zonke sokuthuthukiswa kokusabela okungokwempilo. Uma ukusabela okungokwempilo kuqhubeka emndenini wakho, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uzowuthola, yize ungase ube nesabela okungokwempilo ezintweni ezahlukene kunabantu bakubo.

Izinto ezihlobene nobudala nazo zidlalela indima. Abantwana banamathuba amaningi okuthola ukusabela okungokwempilo kokudla, kuyilapho ukusabela okungokwempilo kwemvelo kuvame ukuvela okokuqala ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni. Noma kunjalo, ungathola ukusabela okungokwempilo okusha kunoma yiliphi iminyaka.

Ukuba nezinye izimo zokusabela okungokwempilo kukwandisa amathuba akho okuthola ukusabela okungokwempilo okwengeziwe. Uma une-asthma, i-eczema, noma ukusabela okungokwempilo kokudla okukhona, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uzothola ukusabela okungokwempilo okwengeziwe.

Ukudalulwa kwemvelo phakathi nezinkathi ezibalulekile kungathinta amathuba akho:

• Ukuzalwa ngezikhathi ze-pollen eningi
• Ukuvezwa kokuqala emukeni wobhedu
• Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezingcolile kakhulu
• Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-antibiotics ebuntwaneni

Izici zomsebenzi zingandisa ingozi ye-allergies ethile. Abasebenzi bezempilo banesilinganiso esiphezulu se-allergies ye-latex, kanti ababheki be-bread bavame ukuthola i-allergies yomgubo, futhi labo abaphatha izilwane bangaba ne-allergies kumaprotheni ezilwane.

Ucwaningo oluthile luphakamisa ukuthi abantu abanezinye izimo ze-autoimmune bangase babe semngciphekweni omkhulu wokuthola i-allergies, nakuba ubuhlobo buyinhlanganisela futhi busacwaningwa.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingaba khona ze-Allergies?

Nakuba izimpawu eziningi ze-allergic ziphatheka, i-allergies ezingaphathwe noma ezinzima ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela ubunzima obuthinta impilo yakho kanye nokunambitheka kokuphila. Ake sihlole ukuthi yini okufanele uyazi.

I-Anaphylaxis yiyona ngozi enkulu kunazo zonke, nakuba ingavamile. Lesi simo esinzima se-allergic esithinta umzimba wonke singenzeka ngemizuzu embalwa ngemva kokubekwa engcupheni futhi singaba yingozi uma kungekho ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-epinephrine.

Ukuthuthukiswa noma ukwanda kwe-Asthma kuhlobene eduze ne-allergies, ikakhulukazi ezokuzungezile. Abantu abaningi abane-allergic rhinitis ekugcineni bathuthukisa i-Asthma, futhi i-Asthma ekhona ingaba nzima ukuyilawula uma i-allergies ingalawulwa kahle.

I-Chronic sinusitis ingathuthuka uma i-allergies yempumulo ibangela ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo e-sinuses zakho. Lokhu kuholela ekukhulupheni okuqhubekayo, ukucindezeleka kobuso, kanye nengozi enkulu yokutheleleka kwe-sinus okudinga ukwelashwa nge-antibiotic.

Ukutheleleka okubili kungenzeka uma izimpawu ze-allergic zilimaza izithiyo zakho zokuzivimbela zemvelo:

• Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba ngokuqhekeza i-eczema noma ama-hives
• Ukutheleleka kwezindlebe ngenxa yokukhuluphala okuqhubekayo kwempumulo
• Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kokopha

Ukuphazanyiswa kokulala kuyinkinga evamile kodwa ngokuvamile ayinakunakekelwa. Ukuqina kwemifantu, ukukhokha, nokuthimula kungathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yokulala kwakho, okuholela ekudinweni kosuku lonke nasebunzimeni bokuqonda.

Imiphumela ekuphileni ingaba khulu. Ukudla okungathandeki kakhulu kunganciphisa imisebenzi yomphakathi, kuyilapho ukungathandeki kwemvelo kunganciphisa imisebenzi yangaphandle ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lalezi zinkinga lingavikeleka noma linciphise ngokuphathwa kahle kokungathandeki nokuqondana njalo nodokotela wakho.

Ukungathandeki Kungavikeleka Kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ukungathandeki, ikakhulu uma unemlando womndeni, kunezindlela eziningana ezingasiza ekuqedeni ingozi yakho noma ekuqedeni izimpawu uma ukungathandeki sekukhona.

Izindlela zokuqala zokukhula zingasiza ekuqedeni ingozi yokungathandeki kubantwana:

• Ukubhebhetheka okungenani izinyanga ezine zokuqala zokuphila
• Ukwengeza ukudla okuvamile okubangela ukungathandeki kancane kancane phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4-6 (ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwengane)
• Ukugwema ukukhishwa komusi we-tabha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokuzalwa
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa okungadingeki kwe-antibiotic ebuntwaneni bokuqala

Ukushintsha kwendawo kungasiza ekuvimbeni ukungathandeki uma usuvele une-allergies:

• Ukusebenzisa abahlanzi bomoya abane-HEPA filters ekhaya lakho
• Ukugcina amafasitela evalwe ngezinsuku ezinophahla olukhulu
• Ukugeza imibhede masonto onke emanzini ashisayo ukuze kubulawe ama-dust mites
• Ukugcina ukufuma kwangaphakathi phakathi kwe-30-50%
• Ukuhlanza njalo ukuze kunciphise uthuli, ukhukhu, noboya bezilwane

Izindlela zokuphila ezingasiza zihlanganisa ukudla ukudla okuqondene okucebile ngezithelo nemifino, eziqukethe ama-antihistamines nemishanguzo yokulwa nokuvuvukala. Amanye ama-study abonisa ukuthi ama-omega-3 fatty acids angasiza ekuqedeni ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukungathandeki.

Ukuzivikela kusaseyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela uma usuzazi izinto ezikubangela. Lokhu kusho ukufunda ngokucophelela imibhalo yemikhiqizo yokudla, ukubuza ngezithako uma udle ngaphandle, nokuqaphela ukukhombisa kwemvelo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuzivikela okuphelele akuhlale kungenzeki noma kulula, kungakho ukuba nelenkaneli yokwelashwa elihle kubalulekile ngokulinganayo.

I-Alerji Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-alerji okuchane ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuxubana komlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komzimba, nezivivinyo ezithile. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuze aqonde ukuthi yini ebangela ukusabela kwakho.

Umbhalo wezokwelapha ngokuvamile iyona ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokuxilongwa. Udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi izimpawu zivela nini, ukuthi ubenzeni noma ubuphuza ini ngaphambi kwalokho, nokuthi izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingakanani. Ukugcina idayari yezimpawu ngaphambi kokubonisana kwakho kungaba usizo kakhulu.

Izivivinyo zokubeka i-allergen esikhunwini yizona ezivivinyo ze-alerji ezivamile kakhulu. Udokotela wakho ubeka inani elincane le-allergen engase ibe khona esikhunwini sakho (ngokuvamile ingalo yakho noma umhlane) bese enza imikrwemba emincane ukuze avumele i-allergen ingene. Uma une-alerji, uzothola i-bump encane ephakeme phakathi kwemizuzu engu-15-20.

Izivivinyo zegazi (ezibizwa ngokuthi izivivinyo ze-IgE ezithile) zilinganisa inani lama-antibodies ahlobene ne-alerji egazini lakho. Lezi ziwusizo lapho izivivinyo zesikhumba zingasebenzi ngenxa yezimo zesikhumba, imithi, noma ingozi yokusabela okukhulu.

Ukudla okuqediwe kuvame ukusetshenziswa nge-alerji yokudla okungabaza. Uzoqeda ukudla okungabaza ekudleni kwakho amasonto ambalwa, bese uqala ukububuyisela kancane kancane ngenkathi uqapha izimpawu. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Izivivinyo ze-patch zisiza ekutholeni i-alerji yokuqopha. Inani elincane le-allergen engase ibe khona libekwa kuma-patch afakwe emhlane wakho amahora angu-48 ukuze kubonwe ukuthi izimpawu zesikhumba zivela yini.

Izivivinyo ze-challenge zihilela ukudalulwa okulawulwayo kubantu abangaba yizimbangi ze-allergen endaweni yezokwelapha. Lezi zivame ukugcinelwa izimo lapho ezinye izivivinyo zingaqinisekisi khona futhi zenziwa njalo ngokwelashwa okuphakathi kwesikhathi okutholakala kalula.

Udokotela wakho angase angazidingi zonke lezi zihloko. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlanganiswa komlando wakho kanye nesinye noma amabili amavivinyo kungakunika ukuxilongwa okucacile.

Iyini Ukwelashwa kwe-Allergy?

Ukuphathwa kwe-allergy kugxila ezindleleni ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukugwema izinto ezikuphazamisayo, ukuphatha izimpawu ngemithi, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukwakha ukubekezelela kwakho nge-immunotherapy. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzoxhomeka ohlotsheni nobunzima be-allergies zakho.

I-Antihistamines ngokuvamile iyilokho okuqala ukwelashwa kwezinkinga eziningi ze-allergic. Isebenza ngokuvimba i-histamine, ikhemikhali ebangela izimpawu eziningi ze-allergy. Ungakhetha izinguqulo ezindala ezingase zikwenze ube buthakathaka noma ezintsha ezingavamile ukubangela ukulala.

I-Nasal corticosteroids isebenza kakhulu ekwelapheni kwe-allergies yemvelo ethonya khona iphunga lakho nama-sinuses. Lezi zikhwama zokwelapha zunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi zingavimbela izimpawu uma zisetshenziswa njalo, hhayi kuphela uma unemikhuba.

I-Decongestants ingasiza ngokuvalela kwamaphaphu kodwa kufanele isetshenziswe isikhathi esifushane kuphela. Ukusebenzisa i-decongestant nasal sprays ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu kungenza ukugcwala kube sibi kakhulu.

Eminye imithi udokotela wakho angase ayincoma ihlanganisa:

• I-Leukotriene modifiers ye-allergies ezihlobene ne-asthma
• I-Mast cell stabilizers ukuvimbela izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba ziqale
• I-Topical corticosteroids yezinkinga zesikhumba
• I-Bronchodilators uma une-allergic asthma

Ukwelapha nge-immunotherapy (izibopho ze-allergy noma amathebulethi ase-sublingual) kungaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu ekwelapheni kwe-allergies zemvelo. Lolu lwelo lwela ukukudalula kancane kancane kulamanani andayo e-allergen yakho ukuze kusize isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba sibe sengozini encane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukwelapha okusheshayo kwezinkinga ezinzima kufaka phakathi i-epinephrine auto-injectors (njenge-EpiPens). Uma ungozini ye-anaphylaxis, udokotela wakho uzokubhalela lezi futhi akuqeqeshe ukuthi uzisebenzise kanjani.

Abantu abaningi bathola imiphumela emihle kakhulu ngokuhlanganiswa kwezindlela kunokuthembela endleleni eyodwa yokwelapha.

Indlela Yokuthatha Ukwelapha Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Se-Allergies?

Ukuphatha i-allergies ekhaya kuhilela ukuhlanganiswa kokulawula imvelo, ukulungiswa kokuphila, nokwazi ukuthi nini kufanele usebenzise imithi yakho ngokuphumelelayo. Lezi zindlela zinganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu zakho futhi zithuthukise induduzo yakho yansuku zonke.

Izindlela zokulawula imvelo zivame ukuba yilona lokuqala lokuvikela:

• Gcina amafasitela evalekile ngezinsuku ezinamapoleni amaningi bese usebenzisa i-air conditioning esikhundleni salokho
• Geza bese ushintsha izingubo ngemuva kokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle
• Sebenzisa izivikeli ze-allergen-proof emapilini nasemabhedini
• Geza imibhede masonto onke emanzini ashisiwe okungenani ku-130°F
• Gcina ukufuma kwangaphakathi kungaphansi kuka-50% ukuvimbela ukukhula komkhuhlane
• Susa uthuli njalo nge-vacuum ene-HEPA filter

Ukulinganisa imithi yakho kungayenza ibe nemiphumela emihle. Thatha i-antihistamines ngaphambi kokuba ulindele ukudalulwa kwe-allergens kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziqala. Ngoba i-allergies zesizini, lokhu kungasho ukuqala ukwelashwa amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kwesizini yakho evamile ye-allergy.

Izindlela zemvelo ezinye izinto abantu abazithola ziwusizo zifaka phakathi:

• Ukugeza imifino yomhlathi ngamanzi ane-saline ukuhlanza izinto ezingcolisayo kanye ne-mucus
• Uju lwendawo (nakuba ubufakazi besayensi buyimfihlo)
• Izithasiselo ze-Butterbur ze-allergies zesizini (xoxa nodokotela wakho kuqala)
• I-Quercetin, i-antihistamine yemvelo etholakala e-onions nase-apples

Izici zokudla nendlela yokuphila zingasekela ukuphathwa kwakho okujwayelekile kwe-allergy. Ukugcina umzimba uthambile kusiza ukunciphisa i-mucus, kanti ukudla okunamavithamini C ne-omega-3 fatty acids kungaba nemiphimbo yokulwa nokuvuvukala.

Ukuphathwa kwengcindezi kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho ocabanga ngakho. Ingcindezi ingenza izimpawu ze-allergy zibe zimbi, ngakho-ke imikhuba efana nokuphefumula okujulile, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokulala okwanele kungaba usizo olukhulu.

Khumbula ukulandelela ukuthi yini esebenza kangcono kuwe futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho mayelana neqhinga lakho lokuphatha ekhaya.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kulo Dokotela?

Ukuza ulungile ekuhlanganyeleni kwakho kwe-allergy kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuba anikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu futhi wenze okuningi ngesikhathi sakho ndawonye. Ukuzilungiselela kancane kungabangela ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nezincomo zokwelashwa ezingcono.

Gcina idayari enemininingwane yezimpawu okungenani amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokubhekana kwakho. Qaphela ukuthi izimpawu zivela nini, ukuthi wawenzani, udle, noma ukhombiswe ngaphambi kwalokho, nokuthi izimpawu zazinzima kangakanani ngesilinganiso se-1-10.

Buka imininingwane yakho yezokwelapha:

• Bala zonke izidakamizwa ezikhona, kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwe-counter kanye nezinhlanganisela
• Letha amarekhodi okuhlolwa kwe-allergy noma ukwelashwa kwangaphambili
• Qaphela noma yimuphi umlando womndeni we-allergies, i-asthma, noma i-eczema
• Bhala noma yiziphi izindlela ozibonile ezimpawu zakho

Lungiselela imibuzo ethile okumele uyibuze udokotela wakho:

• Ngizokuhlolwa yiziphi izinto ezingibangela uketshezi?
• Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema izinto ezingibangela uketshezi?
• Yimiphi imithi oyincomayo esimweni sami?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuthwala i-epinephrine auto-injector?
• Kufanele ngibuye nini kuwe?

Cabanga ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa imithi ngaphambi kokuya kwesikhathi sakho. Eminye imithi yokwelapha uketshezi ingaphazamisa ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba, ngakho-ke buza uma uhlela uma kufanele uyeke ukuthatha noma iyiphi imithi ngaphambi kwalokho.

Letha umuntu okusekelayo uma uzizwa ukhathazekile noma uma uxoxa ngezinketho zokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi ubuze imibuzo ongazihlanganisi.

Yiba eqotho ngendlela yakho yokuphila nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ozimisele futhi unakho ukulandela. Uhlelo lokwelapha oluhle kakhulu yilona ozoluphelela ngempela.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana noketshezi?

Uketshezi kuvamile kakhulu, kuchaphazela izigidi zabantu, futhi nakuba kungadumaza, kungenzeka ukulawula ngendlela efanele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi awudingi nje ukubekezelela izimpawu zoketshezi noma uvumele ziqondise impilo yakho.

Ukulawulwa okuphumelelayo koketshezi kuvame ukubandakanya izinto ezintathu eziyisisekelo: ukubona nokuqeda izinto ezingibangela uketshezi uma kungenzeka, ukusebenzisa imithi efanele ukulawula izimpawu, nokusebenzisana nodokotela ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelapha oluphelele oluhambelana nezidingo zakho.

Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle, ngakho-ke ungangabazi ukufuna usizo uma izimpawu zakho ziyaphazamisa ubuthongo bakho, umsebenzi, isikole, noma injabulo yemisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo, kusukela ekuguqulweni okulula kwesitayela sempilo kuya kwezinketho zokwelapha eziphambili.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphathwa kwe-allergy kuvame ukuba yimigijimi ende, hhayi imigijimi emifushane. Okusebenza kangcono kuwe kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola, futhi izidingo zakho zingashintsha ngezizini, ubudala, noma izimo zokuphila. Hlala unesineke nenqubo futhi ugcine ukuxhumana okuvulekile neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, uma ungosongo lwemiphumela emibi ye-allergy, qiniseka ukuthi uyayiqonda iphini lakho lokusebenza ezingozini futhi uhlale uthwala imithi yakho e-prescribed. Ngokulungiselela okulungile nokuphathwa, abantu abaningi abane-allergy bangaphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngaphandle kokulinganiselwa okukhulu.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Ne-Allergy

M1: Ungaba ne-allergy entsha njengomuntu omdala?

Yebo, ungaba ne-allergy entsha kunoma yiliphi iminyaka, ngisho noma awukaze ube nayo ngaphambili. I-allergy eqala ebuntwini iyinto evamile, ikakhulukazi i-allergy yemvelo njenge-pollen noma izikhwephu zothuli. Isistimu yakho yokuthola amandla ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezinto ezinjengoshintsho lwe-hormonal, ukucindezeleka, ukugula, noma ukwanda kokubhekana ne-allergen entsha. Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezintsha ezibonakala zihlobene ne-allergy, kufanele uhlolwe ngisho noma awukaze ube ne-allergy ngaphambili.

M2: Ingabe i-allergy yezinkathi ifana ne-hay fever?

Yebo, i-allergy yezinkathi ne-hay fever kubhekisela esimweni esifanayo, okwaziwa ngokomtholampilo ngokuthi i-allergic rhinitis. Igama elithi "hay fever" lidukisa ngandlela thize ngoba alihlanganisi ubushushu futhi alibangelwa yigama. Kungumphumela we-allergic ku-pollen ehambayo emoyeni evela ezihlazini, utshani, nezitshalo ezikhula ngezinkathi ezithile. Ungase uzwe futhi kubizwa ngokuthi "rose fever" noma "summer catarrh," kodwa konke lokhu kuchaza impendulo efanayo ye-allergic ku-pollen yezinkathi.

M3: Isikhathi esingakanani imiphumela ye-allergic ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokugula kwe-allergic sihluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwe-allergy kanye nobunzima bokutholakala. Ukugula okusheshayo njenge-hives noma izimpawu zokuphefumula kungase kuqhubeke kusukela emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini eziningi ngemuva kokuba ukukhombisa kuphelile. Izimpawu ze-allergy zesizini zingase ziqhubeke phakathi nesizini yonke yepholeni (amasonto kuya ezinyangeni) uma uhlale ukhombiswe. Ukugula kwe-allergy okuthinta isikhumba kuvame ukuqeda phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto uma ugwema into ebangela ukugula. Izimpawu zokugula kwe-allergy yokudla ngokuvamile ziyaphela phakathi kwamahora kuya kosuku, nakuba izimpawu zokugaya ukudla zingase ziqhubeke isikhathi eside.

Q4: Ingabe i-allergies ingabangela ukukhathala nokuqina kwengqondo?

Yebo. I-allergies ingabangela ukukhathala, ubunzima bokuhlala ugxile, kanye nalokho okuthiwa “ukuqina kwengqondo” abantu abaningi abakukhombisayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezizathu eziningi: uhlelo lwakho lokulwa nezifo lusebenza kakhulu ukulwa nalokho olukubona njengezingozi, imithi ye-allergy ingabangela ubuthongo, ukulala okubi ngenxa yokuphahlazeka nokungakhululeki kukushiya udiniwe, kanye nokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo okuvela ezigulini ze-allergic eziqhubekayo kungathinta amazinga wakho kwamandla nokuqonda kwengqondo. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukwelapha kahle i-allergies yabo kuphinde kuthuthukise amandla abo nokuhlala begxile.

Q5: Ingabe kungenzeka ukukhula ngaphezu kwe-allergies?

Yebo, kungenzeka ukukhula ngaphezu kwezinye i-allergies, nakuba kuvamile ngezinhlobo ezithile kunokunye. Abantwana bavame ukukhula ngaphezu kwe-allergies yokudla ubisi, amaqanda, kanye ne-soy, cishe amaphesenti angu-80 ekhula ngaphezu kwe-allergies zobisi namaqanda ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-16. Kodwa-ke, i-allergies zama-peanut, i-nuts ezimithi, i-fish, kanye ne-shellfish zivame ukuphikelela ekuphileni kwabantu abadala. I-allergies zemvelo nayo ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - abanye abantu bathola ukuthi i-allergies yabo yesizini iyancipha njengoba bekhula, kanti abanye bangase bathole ukuncipha okusha. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungase ukhulile ngaphezu kwe-allergy, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uvivinye lokhu ngokuphepha kunokuba uzame wedwa.