Uthini i-Anthrax? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Uthini i-Anthrax?

I-Anthrax iwumkhuhlane obangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa nge-Bacillus anthracis. Leli bhaktheriya lihlala emhlabathini futhi ngokuvamile lihlasela izilwane ezikhula utshani njengezinkomo, izimvu, nezimbuzi.

Nakuba i-anthrax ingase izwakale iyesabekayo ngenxa yokudumisa kwayo, empeleni iyincasa kakhulu kubantu namuhla. Izimo eziningi zenzeka lapho abantu bethinta izilwane ezine-infection noma imikhiqizo yezilwane eyingcolile. Ibhaktheriya lingaphila ezimweni ezinzima ngokwakha izimpahla zokuvikela ebizwa ngama-spores.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-anthrax iphendula kahle kuma-antibiotics uma itholakala ngokushesha. Ukuqonda izimpawu nokuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuphileni.

Ziyini Izinhlobo ze-Anthrax?

I-Anthrax ihlasela umzimba wakho ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko, kuye ngokuthi ibhaktheriya lingena kanjani ohlelweni lwakho. Uhlobo ngalunye lunazo izimpawu ezahlukene namanqanaba okubaluleka.

I-Anthrax yesikhumba kwenzeka lapho ama-spores engena ngezinhlungu noma ukukhahlela esikhuneni sakho. Lolu uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu, olukwakha cishe u-95% wazo zonke izimo zabantu. Ngokuvamile luhlala endaweni yesikhumba.

I-Anthrax yokuphefumula kwenzeka lapho uphefumula ama-spores emoyeni. Lolu hlobo lubaluleke kakhulu futhi lungaba yingozi uma lungelashwa ngokushesha. Ngokujabulisayo, luyincasa kakhulu ezimweni zansuku zonke.

I-Anthrax yesisu ithuthukiswa lapho udle inyama engaphekwe kahle evela ezilwaneni ezine-infection. Lolu hlobo luhlasela isisu namathumbu akho futhi lungaba nzima kakhulu.

Ziyini Izimpawu ze-Anthrax?

Izimpawu ze-anthrax ziyahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo olukhona. Umzimba wakho uzophendula ngokuhlukile kuye ngokuthi ibhaktheriya lingena kuphi futhi lisakazeka.

Ake sihambe ngalokho okufanele ukubheke ngohlobo ngalunye, siqale ngohlobo oluvamile kakhulu:

Izimpawu ze-Anthrax Yesikhumba

Isifo se-anthrax esikhumbeni sivame ukuvela ezinsukwini eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-7 ngemuva kokubekwa engcupheni. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela lapho ibhaktheriya lingene khona esikhumbeni sakho.

• Isibobo esincane, esikhazimulayo esibukeka njengokuluma kwezinambuzane
• Isibobo sikhuphuka sibe yisilonda esigcwele amanzi ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2
• Ukuphela okumnyama okungenabuhlungu kuqala phakathi kwesilonda
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu endaweni ethonyeke
• Ama-lymph nodes avuvukile eduze kwendawo yokutheleleka

Ukuphela okumnyama empeleni kuyisici esiyinhloko sokuhlonza esisiza odokotela ukuthi baqonde isifo se-anthrax esikhumbeni. Nakuba kungase kube ukukhathazeka, lo mkhuba awuvami ukuba yingozi eyingozi ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Izimpawu ze-Anthrax Yokuphefumula

Izimpawu ze-anthrax yokuphefumula zingathatha noma yikuphi kusukela ngosuku olu-1 kuya ezinyangeni ezi-2 ukuvela. Lo mkhuba uqala ngezimpawu ezifana ne-influenza ezingadukisa.

Izimpawu zokuqala zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvuvukala nomkhuhlane
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqeda amandla
• Ubuhlungu obuncane esifubeni
• Ukuhlanza okwomile
• Ukuphefumula nokwehluleka ukudla

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu zihlanganise:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuqeda amandla
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu nokukhipha ukushisa okukhulu
• Ukuthukuthela nokudideka
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba

Lokhu kuqhubeka kungenzeka ngokushesha, kungakho noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphefumula ngemuva kokubekwa engcupheni kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izimpawu ze-Anthrax Yesisu

Izimpawu ze-anthrax yesisu zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-7 ngemuva kokudla inyama eyingcolile. Lezi zimpawu zithinta isimiso sakho sokuhlanza futhi zingabi mnandi.

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu nokuqina
• Ukuphefumula nokugabha
• Ukwehluleka ukudla
• Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ekhanda
• Ukuhlanza, ngezinye izikhathi ngegazi
• Intamo ebuhlungu nobunzima bokuginya
• Ama-glands omhlane avuvukile

Abanye abantu baye bathuthukise uhlobo oluyimfihlo oluthinta indawo yomlomo, lubangele ukuvuvukala okukhulu nobunzima bokuqeda. Lokhu kudinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela i-Anthrax?

I-Anthrax kwenzeka lapho ibhaktheriya ye-Bacillus anthracis noma ama-spores ayo ngena emzimbeni wakho. Lezi bhaktheriya zihlala ngokwemvelo emadolweni emhlabeni wonke futhi ikakhulukazi zithinta izilwane ezikhulela.

Ibhaktheriya yakha ama-spores lapho izimo ziqina, njengasesikhathini sompompo noma emazingeni okushisa okukhulu. La ma-spores angaphila endaweni iminyaka eminingi, elinde izimo ezifanele ukuze asebenze futhi.

Nawa amaqhinga abantu abavame ukutholakala ku-anthrax:

• Ukuthinta ngqo izilwane ezine-anthrax noma izinhlanzi zazo, ubambo, noma izinwele
• Ukuphatha imikhiqizo yezilwane enesifo njengokwemvelo noma ubambo
• Ukudla inyama engaphekwe kahle evela ezilwaneni ezine-anthrax
• Ukuphefumula ama-spores avela ezintweni ezingcolile
• Ukusebenza emikhakheni ehlanganisa imikhiqizo yezilwane

Izigameko eziningi zabantu zenzeka ezindaweni zezolimo lapho abantu basebenza eduze nezilwane. Ibhaktheriya ayidluli kumuntu omunye, ngakho awukwazi ukuthola i-anthrax kumuntu onayo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-anthrax iye yasetshenziswa njengensimbi yempi yezakhiwo, kodwa lokhu limelela ingxenye encane kakhulu yezigameko zonke emhlabeni jikelele.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Nge-Anthrax?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezimangalisayo ngemuva kokubhekana ne-anthrax. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuphileni kwakho.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo uma unayo:

• Ubunzima bokuqeda obukhulu
• Ukuqina komkhuhlane ngebuhlungu losifuba
• Isibazi esibi sesikhumba esinomzimba omnyama
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu ngokukhulu kwegazi
• Ukuvuvukala komlomo okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya

Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka ngokwazo. I-Anthrax ingathuthuka ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uhlobo lokuphefumula kanye ne-gastrointestinal.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma ukhombene nezilwane noma imikhiqizo yezilwane engase ibe ne-anthrax bese uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezifana ne-influenza. Ngisho nezimpawu ezilula kufanele zitholakale ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma kungenzeka ukuthi ukhombene ne-anthrax.

Iyini Izingozi Ze-Anthrax?

Imisebenzi ethile nemisebenzi ikunika ingozi enkulu yokukhombana ne-anthrax. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.

Ingozi yakho iyanda uma usebenza kulezi zindawo:

• Izilwane eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi ngezilwane ezifuywayo
• Uklima kanye nokuhlala kwezilwane
• Ukucubungula i-wool kanye nokukhiqiza izingubo
• Ukukhiqiza isikhumba kanye nokucubungula isikhumba
• Umsebenzi welebhu ngamasampula e-anthrax
• Inkonzo yempi ezindaweni ezithile

Izici zezwe futhi zidlala indima emazingeni akho engcupheni:

• Ukuphila ezindaweni zasemakhaya zasemaphandleni
• Ukuya emazweni anemihlelo embi yokugomela izilwane
• Izindawo lapho kwaba khona ukuqhuma kwe-anthrax ezilwaneni
• Izindawo lapho i-anthrax ivame kakhulu ephusheni

Amanye amazwe ase-Afrika, e-Asia, nasezingxenyeni zaseYurophu anamazinga aphezulu e-anthrax ezilwaneni, okungandisa ingozi yokukhombana kwabantu. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nakulezi zindawo, izehlakalo zabantu zihlala zingekho.

Ziyini Izinhlanganisela Ezingaba khona Ze-Anthrax?

Izinhlanganisela ze-anthrax zincike kakhulu ohlotsheni olukhona nendlela oshesha ngayo uthola ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi ngama-antibiotic kuvimbela izinhlanganisela eziningi ezinkulu.

Ake sibheke ukuthi yini engase ibe khona ngohlobo ngalunye uma ukwelashwa kulibaziseka:

Izinhlanganisela Ze-Anthrax Yesikhumba

I-anthrax yesikhumba ayivame ukubangela izinhlanganisela ezinkulu uma iwelashwe kahle. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka kuzinzwa ezikude futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungene egazini lakho.

• Ukutheleleka kwezibhaktheriya zesibili endaweni yeqatha
• Ukuqina kwezindwangu lapho ihlombe laliyikhona
• Ukubhebhetheka kuma-lymph nodes (lymphangitis)
• Ngokungavamile, ukuqhubeka kokutheleleka komzimba wonke

Ngisho noma kungekho ukwelashwa, i-anthrax yesikhumba ibulawa ngaphansi kuka-1% yezimo, okwenza kube yifomu eliyingozi kakhulu.

Izinkinga ze-Anthrax Yokuphefumula

I-anthrax yokuphefumula ingabangela izinkinga ezinzima, ezisongela impilo uma ingelashwa ngokushesha. Ibhaktheriya ingawina amasosha akho okuphefumula kanye namasosha okujikeleza.

• Ukwehluleka okukhulu kokuphefumula okudinga umoya wokuphefumula wokuhlinzwa
• Ukushokotha okuvela ezinhlungwini zebhaktheriya egazini lakho
• Ukubuthana kwamanzi eduze kwamaphaphu (pleural effusion)
• Ukuvuvukala kwengqondo kanye nomgogodla (meningitis)
• Ukwehluleka kwamalungu amaningi

Ngeshwa, ngisho nokwelashwa okunamandla, i-anthrax yokuphefumula ingabulala kuze kube yi-45% yezimo. Kungakho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izinkinga ze-Anthrax Yesisu

I-anthrax yesisu ingabangela izinkinga ezinzima ezihlasela isimiso sakho sokuhlanza nokuphila kwakho konke.

• Ukuphelelwa amanzi okukhulu okuvela ekugabha nasekukhipeni
• Ukuphuma igazi esibindini nokuqhekeka
• Ukutheleleka kwegazi (septicemia)
• Ukushokotha nokuhluleka kwamalungu
• Ukuvuvukala komlomo okuvimba ukuphefumula

Ifomu lomlomo le-anthrax yesisu lingaba yingozi ngokukhethekile ngoba ukuvuvukala kungavimba ngokushesha indlela yakho yokuphefumula.

I-Anthrax Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Odokotela bahlola i-anthrax ngokusebenzisa ukuxubana komlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komzimba, kanye nezivivinyo zelebhu. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukwazi nganoma yikuphi ukukhombisa kwesilwane samuva noma umlando wokuhamba.

Inqubo yokuxilonga iqala ngokuvamile ngodokotela wakho ebuza ngemithombo yokukhombisa okungenzeka. Bazohlola noma yiziphi izilonda zesikhumba ngokucophelela futhi balalele amaphaphu akho uma unezimpawu zokuphefumula.

Izivivinyo zelebhu ezisiza ukuqinisekisa i-anthrax zihlanganisa:

• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola izitsha noma ama-antibodies
• I-biopsy yesikhumba evela emgodini wezifo zesikhumba
• Izibonelo ze-sputum uma ukhwehlela
• Izibonelo zesitulo ngezimpawu ze-gastrointestinal
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-spinal fluid uma kukhona ukungabaza kwe-meningitis

Udokotela wakho angase futhi a-ode izivivinyo ze-imaging njenge-X-rays yesifuba noma i-CT scans. Lezi zingabonisa izinguquko ezichazwe emaphaphwini akho noma ama-lymph nodes okusikisela i-anthrax.

Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuchane ngokushesha kubalulekile ngoba ukwelashwa kwe-anthrax kusebenza kangcono uma kuqalwa ngokushesha. Unganqikazi ukukhuluma nganoma yikuphi ukukhombisa okungenzeka kwezilwane kunikeli wakho wezempilo.

Iyini Ukwelashwa kwe-Anthrax?

Ukuphathwa kwe-anthrax kugxile kuma-antibiotics abulala izitsha ngaphambi kokuba zibangele umonakalo omkhulu. Ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha, amathuba akho okuphulukiswa ngokuphelele aphakama.

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ama-antibiotics ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-anthrax onayo nokuthi izimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuphela izinsuku ezingama-60 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izitsha zisusiwe.

Amakhetho Okwelashwa Ngo-Antibiotic

Ama-antibiotics amaningana asebenza kahle ngokumelene nezitsha ze-anthrax. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha inketho engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile.

• Ciprofloxacin noma levofloxacin (ama-antibiotic e-fluoroquinolone)
• Doxycycline (i-antibiotic ye-tetracycline)
• Penicillin (ye-anthrax yesikhumba kuphela)
• Clindamycin (inketho ehlukile)

Ezimweni ezinzima njenge-anthrax yokuphefumula, odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yama-antibiotics enikezwa ngezinhlangothi zakho. Lokhu kunikeza ukuhlaselwa okunamandla kunazo zonke ngokumelene nezitsha.

Ukukhathalela Okusekelayo

Ngokwengeziwe kuma-antibiotics, ungase udinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ukusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uphulukiswe futhi uphathe izimpawu.

• Amanzi okugeleza nge-IV ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi
• Ukwelashwa nge-oksijini noma ukusekelwa kokuphefumula
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ukuze kube lula
• Ukususa amathumbu asezindlebeni uma kudingeka
• Ukuqapha okukhulu kwezimo ezinzima

Ngokuqondene ne-anthrax yesikhumba, udokotela wakho uzonikeza nemiyalo yokunakekela isifo ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okwesibili nokukhuthaza ukuphulukisa.

Ukwelashwa Ngo-Antitoxin

Ezimweni ezithile ezinzima, odokotela bangase basebenzise i-antitoxins ecima ubuthi obuveliswa yibhaktheriya ye-anthrax. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zigcinelwe ukutheleleka okukhulu kunakho konke.

I-antitoxins isebenza kanye ne-antibiotics ukunika umzimba wakho ithuba elihle kakhulu lokulwa nokutheleleka ngempumelelo.

Indlela Yokuthatha Ukwelashwa Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Se-Anthrax?

Ukukhathalela ekhaya kwe-anthrax kugxile ekuthatheni ama-antibiotics akho ngokuqondile njengoba kuyalwe futhi uqaphe izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela. Ukululama kwakho kuncike kakhulu ekulandeleni uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuphelele.

Nawa amaqhinga okuphatha ukunakekelwa kwakho ekhaya:

Ukuthatha Imithi Yakho

Uhlelo lwakho lwe-antibiotic luyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokwelashwa kwakho ekhaya. Ukweqa izilinganiso noma ukuyeka ngokushesha kungavumela ibhaktheriya ukuba iphilile futhi izale.

• Thatha ama-antibiotics ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke
• Qeda ikhosi yonke yezinsuku ezingama-60 ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono
• Ungawuyeka ama-doses noma uyeke ngokushesha
• Thatha imithi ngokudla uma ikuphazamisa isisu
• Gcina imithi kahle ngokuya ngemiyalelo yelebula

Setha i-alamu yefoni noma sebenzisa umhleli wezitho ukuze ukhumbule izilinganiso zakho. Isikhathi eside sokwelashwa singenza kube lula ukukhohlwa noma ukuba nesibindi.

Ukukhathalela Isifo Ngokuqondene Ne-Anthrax Yesikhumba

Uma une-anthrax yesikhumba, ukunakekelwa okuhle kwesifo kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga nokukhuthaza ukuphulukisa.

• Gcina indawo elimazeke ihlanzekile futhi yomile
• Sebenzisa imithi ephakeme njengoba kunqunyiwe
• Umbobo ube uvalwe ngebhande elihlanzekile
• Shintsha amabhande nsuku zonke noma uma eba manzi
• Ungakwazi ukuthinta noma ukukhipha isifo

Qaphela izimpawu zokuthi ukutheleleka kungase kusakazeke, njengemithi ebomvu evela ebuhlungwini noma ukwanda kokudabuka nokuvuvukala.

Ukubheka Ukululama Kwenu

Gcina ulandelela indlela ozizwa ngayo futhi uqaphele noma yikuphi ukushintsha ezimpawu zakho. Ukuthola izinkinga ngokushesha kungavimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubhekana noku:

• Ukubi kakhulu noma izimpawu ezintsha
• Imiphumela emibi kakhulu evela kuma-antibiotics
• Izimpawu zokuvuvukala
• Ukukhuluphala kokuphefumula
• Ukuqhuma okuphezulu okungaphuli

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa kangcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje ngemuva kokuqala ama-antibiotics, kodwa ukululama okuphelele kungathatha amasonto ambalwa.

Ukuvimbela I-Anthrax Kungenzeka Kanjani?

Ukuvimbela i-anthrax kuhilela ukugwema ukubonisana nebhaktheriya nokuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele uma usebenza nezilwane noma imikhiqizo yezilwane. Ukuhlanzeka okuhle nezinyathelo zokuphepha emsebenzini yizikhali zakho ezinhle kakhulu.

Nawa amasu okuvimbela athuthukile kakhulu:

Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Emsebenzini

Uma usebenza nezilwane noma imikhiqizo yezilwane, ukulandela izinqubo zokuphepha kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokubonisana.

• Gqoka izingubo zokulondeka nama-gloves uma uphatha izilwane
• Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokuphefumula ezifanele ezindaweni zokucubungula
• Landela imiyalelo yokuphepha emsebenzini yemikhiqizo yezilwane
• Bika izilwane ezigula noma ezi file kubaphathi bezilwane
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwempilo njalo uma usebenza emisebenzini engozi enkulu

Amazwe amaningi nawo afuna izinhlelo zokugomela izilwane ezunciphisa kakhulu i-anthrax ezilwaneni, okuvikelekile nabantu.

Amasiko Okuphepha Kokudla

Ukuphathwa kahle kokudla nokuphekwa kungavimbela i-anthrax yesisu evela enyameni eyingcolile.

• Pheka inyama ufike emazingeni okushisa angaphakathi aphephile
• Thenga inyama emithonjeni ethembekile, ehlolwe
• Gwema inyama engaphekwe kahle, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba
• Sebenzisa ukuhlanzeka okuhle ekhishini
• Qaphela kakhulu inyama ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona i-anthrax yezilwane

Emazweni aqhubekile anemisimbo yokuvikela ukudla okuhle, i-anthrax yesisu ayivamile kakhulu.

Ukugoma

Kukhona isifo sokugoma se-anthrax kodwa ngokuvamile sinikezwa kuphela kubantu abasezingeni elikhulu lobungozi, njengamasosha noma abasebenzi belabhoratri abaphatha amasampula e-anthrax.

Isifo sokugoma sidinga izilinganiso eziningi kanye ne-boosters yonyaka. Akunconywa kubantu abavamile ngoba ukubhebhetheka kwe-anthrax akunamkhawulo empilweni yansuku zonke.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kudoctor?

Ukulungiselela ukuvakashela udokotela kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nokuphathwa okuqondile. Ukuba nolwazi olufanele okulungile kungasheshisa inqubo kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kokubonisana kwakho, buza ulwazi mayelana nokubhebhetheka kwakho okungenzeka kanye nezimpawu zakho zamanje. Le ndaba-mvelaphi ikusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde izinga lakho lobungozi futhi enze izinqumo ezifanele.

Ulwazi Lokulungiselela

Bhala imininingwane mayelana nezimpawu zakho nanoma yikuphi ukubhebhetheka okungenzeka kwe-anthrax. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole isimo sakho ngokushesha.

• Lapho izimpawu zakho zaqala nokuthi zishintshe kanjani
• Noma yikuphi ukuxhumana kwakamuva nezilwane noma imikhiqizo yezilwane
• Umsebenzi wakho kanye nomlando wakho wokuvakasha wakamuva
• Imithi yamanje kanye nezifo zokuzalwa
• Noma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezempilo ozinayo

Yiba uchwepheshe ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nokubhebhetheka kwezilwane, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwezilwane nokuthi ukuxhumana kwenzeke nini.

Imibuzo Yokubuza Udokotela Wakho

Ukuba nemibuzo okulungile kusiza uthole ulwazi oludingayo ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile ngecebo lakho lokwelashwa.

• Ngubani uhlobo lwe-anthrax engihlushwayo, futhi lukubi kangakanani?
• Ngingazodinga isikhathi esingakanani ngithathe ama-antibiotics?
• Yiziphi izingozi ezihlangothini engizolinda?
• Kufanele ngiqale nini ukuzizwa ngingcono?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezisho ukuthi kufanele ngikubize ngokushesha?
• Ngingawuvimba kanjani ukusabalala kwalokhu kubalandeli bami?

Unganqikazi ukucela incazelo uma ungaqondi lutho. Udokotela wakho ufuna uzizwe ulwazi futhi ukhululekile ngokwelashwa kwakho.

Okufanele Ukuzise

Ukuzisa izinto ezifanele ekuqokweni kwakho kungasiza ukusheshisa ukuxilongwa kwakho nokuphathwa kwakho.

• Uhlu lwawo wonke amaphilisi okuqala
• Amakhadi akho yomshuwalense kanye nokuhlonza
• Incwadi yokubhala phansi ulwazi oluqakathekile
• Amarekhodi ezempilo wangaphambili ahlobene nezimpawu zakho

Uma othile engakwazi ukuza nawe ekuqokweni, bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule imininingwane ebalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi esinzima.

Iyini i-Key Takeaway Mayelana ne-Anthrax?

I-Anthrax iyisifo esibuhlungu kodwa esingaphathwa sobhaktheriya esiphendula kahle kuma-antibiotics uma sibanjwe ngokushesha. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kukhulu, izimo zabantu zimbalwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile anemilayo emihle yezempilo yezilwane.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Uma ukhombiswe izilwane noma imikhiqizo yezilwane futhi uthuthukise noma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu, ungalindi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Abantu abaningi abamukela ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics ngokushesha bayaphila ngokuphelele ku-anthrax. Ngisho nekhondomu yesikhumba, evame kakhulu, ayibangeli izinkinga ezihlala njalo uma iphethwe kahle.

Ukuvikelwa kwakho okuhle kakhulu kuvela ekuthatheni izinyathelo ezifanele uma usebenza nezilwane, ukwenza ukuphepha kokudla okuhle, nokukwazi ukuthi nini kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ngokwazi okuhle kanye nesenzo esisheshayo, i-anthrax ayidingi ukuba yingozi enkulu empilweni yakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana ne-Anthrax

Ingabe i-anthrax ingathelelana kubantu?

Cha, i-anthrax ayithathelani kubantu ngokuxhumana okuvamile, ukukhokha, noma ukuphefumula. Ungathola i-anthrax kuphela ngokuxhumana ngqo ne-bacteria noma ama-spores ezilwaneni eziyisifo noma izinto ezingcolile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awudingi ukukhathazeka ngokubamba i-anthrax kumuntu onalesifo, futhi awukwazi ukuyinikeza amalungu omndeni wakho ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke evamile.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani izimpawu ze-anthrax ukuvela?

Izimpawu ze-anthrax zingabonakala noma kuphi kusukela ngosuku olulodwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokubekwa, kuye ngohlobo. I-anthrax yesikhumba ivame ukubonisa izimpawu phakathi kosuku olulodwa kuya kwabahlanu, kuyilapho i-anthrax yesisu ivame ukuthuthuka phakathi kosuku olulodwa kuya kwabahlanu kokudla inyama engcolile. I-anthrax yokuphefumula inenkathi ende yokukhula futhi ingathatha noma kuphi kusukela ngosuku olulodwa kuya kwamasonto angu-8 ukubonisa izimpawu, nakuba amacala amaningi aqhubeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni amabili.

Ingabe i-anthrax ihlala ibuhlungu?

Cha, i-anthrax ayihlali ibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma iphelelwa ngokushesha ngama-antibiotics. I-anthrax yesikhumba inenzuzo enhle ngesilinganiso sokufa esingaphansi kuka-1% ngisho noma ingaphathwa. I-anthrax yokuphefumula iyinkulu kakhulu kodwa isalaphazeka, ngesilinganiso sokuphila esithuthuka kakhulu uma ama-antibiotics eqala ngokushesha. I-anthrax yesisu iwa phakathi kwalezi zinto ngokubaluleka, kodwa ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yazo zonke izinhlobo.

Ngingayithola yini i-anthrax ngokudla inyama?

Ungathola i-anthrax yesisu ngokudla inyama engaphekwe kahle ezilwaneni eziyisifo, kodwa lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu emazweni anemisha yokuphepha kokudla emihle. Ukupheka okuqondile kubulala i-anthrax bacteria, ngakho-ke inyama ebilisiwe kahle iphephile ukudliwa. Ingozi iphakeme kakhulu uma udle inyama engaphekwe kahle ezindaweni lapho i-anthrax yezilwane ivame kakhulu khona futhi amazinga okuphepha kokudla angase aphansi.

Ndingathintwa yini yi-anthrax?

Abantu abaningi abadingi ukugwetshwa kwe-anthrax ngoba ingozi yokubhebhetheka iphansi kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Isifo se-anthrax sivame ukunconyelwa kuphela kubantu abasezingozini eziphezulu, njengamasosha alayo ezindaweni ezithile, abasebenzi belebhu abaphatha amasampula e-anthrax, noma abantu abasebenza eduze nemikhiqizo yezilwane evela kwamanye amazwe anezingozi eziphezulu. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi ukugwetshwa kufanele yini isimo sakho esithile.