Ukuhlanza Okubangelwa Yizidakamizwa Zokulwa Nezibungu: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kuyizitho eziluhlaza, ezinamanzi eziba khona lapho uthatha izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu. Leli cala eliqhelekileyo liba khona ngoba izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ziqeda ukulingana kwemvelo kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho.

Cishe abantu abangu-10-25% abasebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu baba naleli cala. Nakuba kungase kube buhlungu futhi kukhathaze, izincazelo eziningi ziyamila futhi ziyaphela ngokwazo uma uqeda ukwelashwa kwakho ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu.

Yini ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kuvela lapho izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu zibulala kokubili izinto eziphilayo eziyingozi ezithintekayo kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho. Amazinyo akho avame ukuba nezinto eziphilayo eziningi ezisiza ekudayiseni futhi zigcine izinto eziphilayo eziyingozi zingalawuleki.

Lapho izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu zinciphisa lezi zinto eziphilayo ezivikelayo, isiswini sakho siyaphuka. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kungabangela ukuvuvukala esikoleni sakho nokushintsha indlela amazinyo akho asebenza ngayo ukudla namanzi, okubangela izitho eziluhlaza.

Leli cala lingaba kusukela ezithweni eziluhlaza ezincane kuya ekuhlanzweni okukhulu. Abantu abaningi baphawula izimpawu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuvele ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zivame ukuvela kancane kancane futhi zingase zihluke kumuntu ngamunye. Nanka okungenzeka ukuthi uhlangabezane nakho:

• Izitho eziluhlaza, ezinamanzi ezivela izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngosuku
• Ukuqina okuncane esiswini noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukukhukhumela negesi
• Ukuphefumula noma ukulahlekelwa ukudla
• Ukuvuvukala okuncane kwezinye izimo

Izimpawu eziningi ziyalawuleka futhi aziphazamisi kakhulu imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukutheleleka okukhulu okuthiwa yi-C. difficile colitis kungase kuvele, kubangele izimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima obukhulu besiswini, ukuvuvukala okuphezulu, izitho ezinengqondo, nokuphuza amanzi. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izinto eziphilayo eziyingozi ze-C. difficile zanda kakhulu ngemuva kokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu, ngayinye inezimbangela namazinga okuthanda ukubulawa.

Ukuhlanza okulula okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu yilohlobo oluqhelekileyo. Kwenzeka lapho izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ziqeda izinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho ngaphandle kokuvumela izinto eziphilayo eziyingozi ukuba zithathe.

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yi-C. difficile akukho qhelekile kodwa kunzima. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izinto eziphilayo ze-C. difficile, ezikhona ngokwemvelo ezintweni eziphilayo zabanye abantu, zanda ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu zibulale izinto eziphilayo ezincintisanayo. Lolu hlobo lungabangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwesikolo futhi ludinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Imbangela eyinhloko iwukuphazamiseka kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho. Amazinyo akho anezinhlanga zezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganyela ukuze zigcine impilo yokudayisa futhi zivimbele izinto eziphilayo eziyingozi ukuba zingathathi.

Izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu azikwazi ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle nezingezinhle, ngakho-ke zivame ukususa izinto eziphilayo ezinhle kanye nokutheleleka okuqondene nokuphathwa kwazo. Lokhu kudala ithuba lezinto eziphilayo eziyingozi ukuba zande noma isiswini sakho singasebenzi kahle.

Ezinye izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu zivame ukubangela ukuhlanza kunabanye. Izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ezihlanganisa izinto eziphilayo eziningi njenge-amoxicillin-clavulanate, fluoroquinolones, ne-clindamycin zivame ukubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokudayisa ngoba zithinta izinto eziphilayo eziningi.

Inani kanye nesikhathi sokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu nawo ubalulekile. Amanani aphezulu kanye nezikhathi ezide zanda ingozi yakho yokuthola ukuhlanza. Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa kungaphuca ukulingana kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela ngokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma ukuhlanza kwakho kuya kubi noma uma uthola izimpawu ezikhathazayo. Izincazelo eziningi ezilula azidingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha, kodwa izimpawu ezithile ezixwayisayo akufanele ziganjwa.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nobunzima obukhulu besiswini, ukuvuvukala okuphezulu kuka-101°F (38.3°C), igazi noma ukhukhu ezithweni zakho, noma izimpawu zokuphuza amanzi njengokukhungatheka, umlomo owomile, noma ukunciphisa ukuya esithandweni. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise isimo esinzima kakhulu esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Kufanele uphone udokotela wakho uma ukuhlanza kuqhubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuphela kwezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu, noma uma kuqhelekile kangangokuthi kuya kuhlupha imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ungayeki ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu eziqokiwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Ziyini izinto ezikhuphula ingozi yokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthola leli cala. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezikhuphula ingozi kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuba nizenze izinqumo ezilwemi ngokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu.

• Iminyaka engaphezu kuka-65 noma ngaphansi kweminyaka emi-2
• Ukugcinwa esibhedlela noma ekhaya lokuhlala kwabadala muva nje
• Iziqephu zokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ngaphambili
• Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu eziningi noma izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ezihlanganisa izinto eziphilayo eziningi
• Ukuba nesistimu yokuvimbela umzimba ebuthakathaka
• Isimo sokudayisa esingaphansi njengobulwelwe besisu obuvuvukayo
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu muva nje
• Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-proton pump inhibitors zokubuyela emuva kwesisu

Abantu abanesistimu yokuvimbela umzimba ebuthakathaka, njengalabo abenza i-chemotherapy noma abasebenzisa imithi yokucindezela isistimu yokuvimbela umzimba, baba nengozi enkulu. Imizimba yabo ayinawo amandla okuhlala inezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini.

Ukuba nezinto eziningi ezikhuphula ingozi akusho ukuthi uzothola ukuhlanza, kodwa kusho ukuthi kufanele uqaphele izimpawu nezinyathelo zokuvikela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zibe khona zokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Nakuba izincazelo eziningi ziphela ngaphandle kwezinhlanganisela, abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga ezinzima. Inhlanganisela eqhelekileyo iwukophuza amanzi, ikakhulu uma ukuhlanza kuqhelekile noma kuqhubeka isikhathi eside.

Ukuphuza amanzi kungabangela ubuthakathaka, ukukhungatheka, izinhlungu zikhanda, nokuncipha kokuthi uya esithandweni. Ukuphuza amanzi okukhulu kungase kudinge ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngamanzi e-intravenous, ikakhulu kubantu abadala, abantwana abancinyane, noma abantu abanezimo zempilo ezingaphansi.

Inhlanganisela enzima kakhulu kodwa engavamile yi-C. difficile colitis, engabangela i-toxic megacolon, ukuqhekeka kwamazinyo, noma ukutheleleka okubulalayo. Leli simo lidinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi ngezinye izikhathi lingabuya ngisho nalapho ukwelashwa kokuqala kuphumelele.

Abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise izinkinga zokudayisa isikhathi eside, kufaka phakathi izitho eziluhlaza eziqhubekayo, ukukhukhumela, noma ukushintsha kwemikhuba yokuya esithandweni okuqhubeka amasonto noma izinyanga ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu.

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kungavikeleka kanjani?

Ukusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo ezinhle ngesikhathi nangemuva kokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kungasiza ekuhlaleni kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini. Izinto eziphilayo ezinhle yizinto eziphilayo ezinhle ezingasiza ekubuyiseni ukulingana kwesiswini sakho, nakuba ubufakazi bokusebenza kwazo buhluke.

Cabanga ukusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo ezinhle eziqukethe izinhlobo ze-Lactobacillus noma i-Bifidobacterium, ezifundwe kakhulu ngale njongo. Qala izinto eziphilayo ezinhle ekuqaleni kokwelashwa kwakho ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu bese uqhubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa.

Thatha izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kuphela uma uqokiwe yidokotela wakho bese uqedele lonke uhlelo njengoba uqondiswe. Ungahlanganyeli izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu nabanye noma ugcine amaphilisi asaleyo ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esizayo, njengoba lokhu kungase kube nomthelela ekulweni nezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu nokuphathwa okungafanele.

Gcina imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka, ikakhulu ukugeza izandla, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okungase kudinge ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu. Dlala ukudla okulinganiselayo okunamafutha amaningi nokudla okune-fermented ukuze usekele izinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho.

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kunqunywa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzovame ukunquma leli cala ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokusetshenziswa kwakho kwizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu muva nje. Ubuhlobo besikhathi phakathi kokuqala ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu nokuthola ukuhlanza kuvame ukwenza ukunquma kucace.

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ubukhulu nokuhlangana kwezitho, ubunzima besiswini, ukuvuvukala, negazi elithile ezithweni zakho. Bazophinde babukele imithi yakho yakamuva kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima noma ziqhubeka, udokotela wakho angase aqonde ukuhlolwa kwezitho ukuze ahlole izinto eziphilayo ze-C. difficile noma ezinye izinto eziphilayo eziyingozi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungase kwenziwe ukuze kuhlolwe izimpawu zokutheleleka noma ukuphuza amanzi.

Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho izimpawu zinzima noma zingathuthuki, udokotela wakho angase aqhube izilingo ezengeziwe njenge-colonoscopy ukuze ahlole isisu sakho ngokuqondile futhi asuse ezinye izimo.

Yini ukwelashwa kokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekuthandaneni kwezimpawu zakho nokuba kukhona ukutheleleka kwe-C. difficile. Ezincwadini ezilula, ukunakekelwa okusekela nokulinda izinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho ukuba ziphulukane ngokwemvelo kuvame ukwanele.

Udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuba uqhubeke nezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu eziqokiwe uma zithinta ukutheleleka okukhulu, njengoba ukuyeka kungase kubangele isimo sakho sokuqala sibe sibi. Ukuhlanza kuvame ukuthuthuka uma uqedele uhlelo lwezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu.

Ngokuhlanza okulula okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu, ukwelashwa kugxile ekuvimbeleni ukuphuza amanzi nasekulawuleni izimpawu. Udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze izinto eziphilayo ezinhle ukuze usize ekubuyiseni izinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini, nakuba ukusebenza kwazo kungase kuhluke.

Uma ukutheleleka kwe-C. difficile kuqinisekiswe, uzodinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ngemithi efana ne-vancomycin noma i-fidaxomicin. Lezi zidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu zihlose i-C. difficile ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ezinye izinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho.

Izincazelo ezinzima zingase zidinga ukugcinwa esibhedlela ngamanzi e-intravenous, ukufakwa kweminerali, noma ukulandelela okukhulu. Ezimweni ezingavamile ze-C. difficile colitis enzima, ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ekhaya

Ukugcina umzimba ugcwele amanzi kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu lapho uphatha ukuhlanza ekhaya. Phuza amanzi amaningi acacile njengamanzi, ama-broths acacile, noma izixazululo ze-electrolyte ukuze ubuyisele amanzi nemfuyo elahlekile.

Dala ukudla okulula, okulula ukukudayisa njengezinqama, urayisi, i-applesauce, ne-toast (ukudla kwe-BRAT) uma uzizwa ulungele ukudla. Lokhu kudla kungasiza ekuqiniseni izitho zakho futhi kulula esiswini sakho.

Gwema imikhiqizo yobisi, ukudla okunemafutha, ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ne-caffeine ngenkathi uhlangabezana nokuhlanza, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele izimpawu zibe zimbi. Buyela kancane kancane ekudleni kwakho okuqhelekile njengoba izimpawu zakho zithuthuka.

Ungathathi imithi yokulwa nokuhlanza njenge-loperamide ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala, ikakhulu uma une-fever noma igazi ezithweni zakho. Le miithi ngezinye izikhathi ingase ibe yimbi ngezinhlobo ezithile zokutheleleka.

Zitholele ukuphumula okwanele futhi ugweme imisebenzi enzima kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho zithuthuka. Landelela izimpawu zakho futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma ziya kubi noma zingathuthuki ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi lapho zaqala khona, ukuthi uba nezitho kangaki, nanoma yiluphi olunye ubuhlungu oluhlangabezana nakho. Qaphela izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ozithathayo nokuthi waziqala nini.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke nezinhlanganisela ozithathayo njengamanje, kufaka phakathi izinto eziphilayo ezinhle. Udokotela wakho udinga ukwazi ngakho konke okungase kuthinte isiswini sakho.

Gcina ulandelela ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi akho nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphuza amanzi njengokukhungatheka, umlomo owomile, noma ukunciphisa ukuya esithandweni. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuba ahlole ubukhulu besimo sakho.

Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nokuthi kufanele uqhubeke yini nezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu, izimpawu ezixwayisayo okumele uzilandele, nokuthi izimpawu zivame ukuphela isikhathi esingakanani. Buza ngezinto eziphilayo ezinhle nezeluleko zokudla ezingasiza.

Yini okubalulekile ngokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kuyicala eliqhelekileyo futhi elilawuleka kalula lokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu. Izincazelo eziningi ziyamila futhi ziphela ngokwazo uma izinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho zibuyela ekuqondeni okuvamile.

Okubalulekile ukugcina umzimba ugcwele amanzi, ukulandelela izimpawu zakho, nokukwazi nini okufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Nakuba leli cala lingase libe buhlungu, aliyingozi uma lilawulwa kahle.

Khumbula ukuthi ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu njengoba kuqokiwe kubalulekile ekwelapheni ukutheleleka kwakho kokuqala. Ungayeki ukuzisebenzisa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, ngisho noma uthola ukuhlanza.

Gxila ekunakekelweni okusekela, kufaka phakathi ukugcwala kwamanzi okwanele, ukulungiswa kokudla okufanele, nokuphumula. Abantu abaningi baphila ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya kwamasonto ngemuva kokuphela kohlelo lwabo lwezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngokuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu

Ngingasebenzisa izinto eziphilayo ezinhle ngesikhathi ngithatha izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Yebo, odokotela abaningi bakhuthaza ukusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo ezinhle ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ukuze usize ekuhlaleni kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini. Thatha izinto eziphilayo ezinhle okungenani amahora ama-2 ukusuka ezingxenyeni zakho zezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ukuze uvimbele izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ukuba zingabulali izinto eziphilayo ezinhle ekusengeni kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle.

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kuvame ukuphela isikhathi esingakanani?

Izincazelo eziningi zokuhlanza okulula okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ziphela ezinsukwini ezingu-2-7 ngemuva kokuphela kohlelo lwakho lwezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu. Izinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini sakho zivame ukubuyela ekuqondeni okuvamile ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu bangase babe nezinguquko zokudayisa ezide amasonto amaningana.

Kufanele ngiyekise ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu uma ngithola ukuhlanza?

Ungayeki ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu eziqokiwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka izidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu ngokushesha kungabangela ukulwa nezidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu futhi kungase kungelaphi ngokuphelele ukutheleleka kwakho kokuqala. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuba uqonde izinzuzo nengozi zokuqhubeka nokwelashwa.

Ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu kuyatheleleka?

Ukuhlanza okulula okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu okubangelwa ukungalingani kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhle esiswini akukho thanda ukutheleleka. Noma kunjalo, uma ukuhlanza kwakho kubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-C. difficile, lokhu kungase kutheleleke ngokuthinta izinto ezingcolile noma ukugeza izandla okubi. Njalo yenza imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka kungakhathaliseki imbangela.

Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikudle uma nginawo ukuhlanza okubangelwa yizidakamizwa zokulwa nezibungu?

Namathela ekudleni okulula, okulula ukukudayisa njengezinqama, urayisi, i-applesauce, i-toast, nama-broths acacile. I-yogurt enezinto eziphilayo ezinhle ingasiza ekubuyiseni izinto eziphilayo ezinhle. Gwema ubisi (ngaphandle kwe-yogurt), ukudla okunemafutha, ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, i-caffeine, notshwala kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho zithuthuka.