Ukuqina kweMidiya Ne-Atherosclerosis: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqina kweMidiya ne-atherosclerosis kuyizimo ezihlobene eduze ezihlasela imithambo yakho, kodwa azifani ngokuphelele. Cabanga ngokuqina kweMidiya njengesiqubulo esibhekisela kunoma yiluphi ukuqina noma ukuqina kwezingqimba zemithambo yakho, kuyilapho i-atherosclerosis iwuhlobo oluvamile kakhulu lapho amafutha ehlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yakho.

Lezi zimo zithuthuka kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi futhi zingathinta ukugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ukuqonda umehluko nokubona ukuthi yini okufanele uyilinde kubalulekile ekuzinakekeleni kangcono kwempilo yakho yomoya.

Kuyini ukuqina kweMidiya?

Ukuqina kweMidiya kusho ukuthi "ukuqina kwemithambo" futhi kuchaza noma iyiphi isimo lapho izingqimba zemithambo yakho ziqina, ziqine, noma zingabi namandla. Imithambo yakho ngokuvamile inezindonga ezithambile ezihlala zikhula futhi zihlala ziqina ngaso sonke isiphazamiso senhliziyo, zisiza ukugeleza kwegazi ngokuphelele emzimbeni wakho.

Uma ukuqina kweMidiya kuthuthuka, lezi zindonga zilahlekelwa ukuguquguquka kwazo futhi ziqine. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukugeleza kwegazi ngokuphumelelayo futhi kufake uxinzelelo olukhulu enhliziyweni yakho njengoba isebenza ukugeza igazi ngemithambo ecindezelwe noma eqinile.

Empeleni kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuqina kweMidiya. Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu yi-atherosclerosis, kodwa ungase uhlangane ne-arteriolosclerosis, ehlasela imithambo emincane, noma i-Mönckeberg's sclerosis, ehilela ama-calcium deposits ezindongeni zemithambo ngaphandle kokunciphisa okukhulu.

Kuyini i-atherosclerosis?

I-Atherosclerosis uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu futhi olukhulu lokuqina kweMidiya. Kwenzeka lapho amafutha abizwa ngama-plaques ehlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yakho, edala izikhumba ezingalingani ezincipha indlela yokugeleza kwegazi.

Lezi zibhebhe zinezikole, izinto eziningi ezinamaswazi, imfucuza yasezintweni, i-calcium, kanye nento yokwenza igazi libe yi-fibrin. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zingakhula futhi ziqine, zinciphisa kakhulu ukugeleza kwegazi emizimbeni ebalulekile efana nenhliziyo yakho, ubuchopho, izinso, nezinyawo.

Okwenza i-atherosclerosis ibe yingozi kakhulu ukuthi izibhebhe zingaphukile ngokungalindelekile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umzimba wakho uqala ukwenza igazi libe yi-clot endaweni ephukile, okungavimba ngokuphelele i-artery futhi kubangele ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo noma isifo sobuchopho.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Into enzima ngalezi zimo ukuthi zivame ukuvela ngokuthulile iminyaka ngaphandle kokubangela izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Ungase ungaqondi lutho oluphosakele kuze kube yilapho i-artery icindezelwa kakhulu noma ivaliwe.

Uma izimpawu zivele, ziyahluka kuye ngokuthi yiziphi i-arteries ezihlaselekile nokuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kunciphise kangakanani. Nanka ama-warning signs okufanele uwabheke:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukucindezela esifubeni ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba noma ukucindezeleka, okungase kuzwakale njengokucindezela, ukushisa, noma ukukhuluphala
• Ukuphefumula okufushane ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile noma uma ulele phansi
• Ubuhlungu benyawo noma ukubamba uma uhamba okuthuthuka uma ukhululeka
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma ebusweni, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa
• Ukukhuluma okunzima noma ukuqonda inkulumo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu ebuntwini obungafani nanoma yiluphi oluke lwaba nakho ngaphambili
• Izinkinga zobumhlophe kufaka phakathi ukulahleka kwebona ngokuzumayo noma ukubona okubili
• Izandla noma izinyawo ezibandayo ngokulula ukwelapha izikhumba noma amaqhuzu

Kwezinye izimo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezingavamile njengokungakwazi ukwenza ubulili kubantu besilisa, okungase kube yisibonakaliso sokuqala sesifo senhliziyo. Izinkinga zokukhumbula noma ukudideka kungase futhi kuvele uma ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchophweni bakho kuncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Yini ebangela i-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Lezi zimo zikhula ngenqubo eyingozi evame ukuqala ngokulimala kwesikhumba sangaphakathi kwe-arteries zakho. Uma leli sikhumba esivikelayo silimale, impendulo yemvelo yomzimba wakho yokululama ingase ibe nomthelela ekwakheni i-plaque.

Inqubo ivame ukuqala lapho izindonga ze-arteries zakho zilimale izinto ezinjengengcindezi yegazi ephakeme, ukubhema, noma amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Isistimu yakho yokulwa nezifo iphendula ngokuthumela amangqamuzana amhlophe endaweni elimele, kodwa la mangqamuzana angabanjwa futhi ahlanganyele ekwakheni i-plaque.

Izinto eziningi ezihlangene zisebenza ndawonye ukubangela nokubenza kubi lezi zimo:

• Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol anikeza izinto zokwakha i-plaque
• Ukungcindezelwa kwegazi okuphezulu kudala ukucindezela okuphindaphindayo nokulimala kwezindonga ze-artery
• Ukubhema kulimala isikhumba esivikelayo se-arteries futhi kunciphisa i-oksijini egazini lakho
• I-Diabetes ibangela ukuguquka kwezinto zekhemikhali okukhuthaza ukuvuvukala nokwenziwa kwe-plaque
• Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo okuvela ezimweni ezinjenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma ukutheleleka
• Ukuguquka okuhlobene nobudala okunciphisa ngokwemvelo ukuguquguquka kwe-artery ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Izinto zofuzo ezihlanganisa indlela umzimba wakho uqapha ngayo i-cholesterol nokulungisa imithambo yegazi

Akukuthi kube khona, izimo ezithile ezingavamile zofuzo zingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-familial hypercholesterolemia, ebangela amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-cholesterol kusukela ekuzalweni, ne-progeria, isifo esingavamile sokuguga esithinta izingane.

Kufanele ubona nini udokotela nge-arteriosclerosis noma i-atherosclerosis?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonisa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sobuchopho. Lezi yizimo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ezidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo ukuvimbela ukulimala okungapheli noma ukufa.

Shaya izingozi eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma unezinhlungu esifubeni ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa, ubuthakathaka noma ukungazizwa okuzumayo ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, noma ukulahlekelwa kokubona ngokuzumayo. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka ngokwazo.

Kufanele futhi uhlele isikhathi sokuvakashela udokotela wakho uma unezingozi zezifo zezinzwa, ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuba nokucindezeleka kwegazi, isifo sikashukela, ikolesterol ephakeme, umlando womndeni wezifo zenhliziyo, noma uma uqhuma.

Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kubaluleke kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40 kumadoda nangemva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane. Udokotela wakho angahlola ingozi yakho yonke yezifo zezinzwa futhi ancoma ukuhlolwa okuqondile ukuthola izinkinga kusenesikhathi.

Yiziphi izingozi ze-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Ukuqonda izingozi zakho kuzokusiza wenze izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nempilo yakho futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa. Ezinye izingozi awukwazi ukuzishintsha, kanti ezinye zilawulwa wena.

Izingozi ongenakuzishintsha zihlanganisa ubudala bakho, ubulili, nezinto zakho zofuzo. Amadoda avame ukuthola lezi zimo ngaphambi kwabesifazane, yize ingozi yabesifazane ikhuphuka kakhulu ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuya esikhathini lapho amazinga e-estrogen avikelayo ehlala.

Nazi izingozi ongazishintsha ongazithinta ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila noma ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha:

• Ukuphuma kwengcindezi yegazi oluphezulu njalo ngaphezu kuka-130/80 mmHg
• Amazinga aphezulu e-kolesterol ikakhulukazi i-LDL ephezulu noma i-kolesterol ephansi ye-HDL
• Ukubhema noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-tabha kunoma iyiphi indlela
• I-Diabetes noma i-prediabetes ngemazinga okusanhlamvu kwegazi angalawulwa kahle
• Ukukhuluphala ikakhulukazi isisindo esiningi esizungezile isisu sakho
• Ukungasebenzi komzimba noma indlela yokuphila engasuki
• Ukudla okubi okunamafutha amaningi agcwele, amafutha e-trans, nokudla okuqediwe
• Ukuqina kwengqondo noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala
• Ukungaphuli kahle komzimba njenge-sleep apnea

Abanye abantu banemizamo eyengeziwe yokusongela njengokugula kwesibindi esiqhubekayo, izimo ze-autoimmune, noma umlando wokwelashwa ngomgogodla kula. Lezi zinto ezingavamile zisafanele ukunakekelwa nokuxoxisana nodokotela wakho.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Izinkinga ezivela kulezi zimo zingaba nzima futhi zibe yingozi ekuphileni ngoba zithinta ukugeleza kwegazi ezitho ezibalulekile emzimbeni wakho. Ubunzima nohlobo lwezinkinga kuya ngezinsimbi ezihlaselekayo nokuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kunciphisiwe kangakanani.

Uma izicubu ezinikeza inhliziyo yakho ziba mncane kakhulu noma zivaliwe, ungase uthole isifo se-coronary artery. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu esifubeni, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukubetha kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo lapho inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukupompa igazi kahle.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo kuvinjelwe khona
• Isiguli lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emathunjini engqondo kuqediwe khona
• I-Peripheral artery disease ebangela ubuhlungu ezinyaweni nokunciphisa ukululama kwamacala
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwempumputhe okuvela ekunciphiseni ukugeleza kwegazi ezimpumputheni zakho
• Ama-Aneurysms lapho izindonga ze-artery ezibuthakathaka zikhula khona futhi zingozi yokubhebhetheka
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo lapho inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo khona

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezibucayi zingafaka ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo, ukwehluleka kwempumputhe okuqhubekayo okudinga i-dialysis, noma i-peripheral artery disease eqhubayo eholela ekunqunyweni. Abanye abantu bangase futhi bathuthukise izinkinga zokuqonda uma ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kunciphisiwe ngokuqhubekayo.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi eziningi zalezi zinkinga zingavikeleka noma ingozi yazo inciphisiwe kakhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele nokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni.

Kungenzeka kanjani ukuvimbela i-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Ukuvimbela kungenzeka ngokuphelele futhi kubonisa ithuluzi lakho elinamandla kakhulu lokuvikela impilo yakho yemisipha yomzimba. Ukushintsha okufanayo kokuphila okusisiza ukuvimbela lezi zimo kungase futhi kunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwazo uma seziqalile ukuthuthuka.

Isisekelo sokuvimbela sigxile ekugcineni indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo ehlanganisa izici ezinkulu zengozi ezingashintshwa. Le ndlela iye yabonakala iphumelela ekuhlolweni okuningi okukhulu futhi inganciphisa ingozi yakho nge-70-80% noma ngaphezulu.

Nawa amasu abalulekile okuvimbela angenza umehluko wangempela:

• Yidla ukudla okuhle inhliziyo olucebile ngezithelo, imifino, ukudla okugcwele, namaprotheni amancane, ngenkathi ugcina ukudla okucutshungulwayo kuncane
• Zivoca yonke imihla uqonde ukufinyelela okungenani imizuzu engu-150 yomsebenzi ophakathi noma imizuzu engu-75 yomsebenzi onamandla masonto onke
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo nge-BMI phakathi kuka-18.5 no-24.9
• Ungabhemi futhi ugweme ukubhekana nokubhema okusecondhand
• Khawukhawula ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kungabi ngaphezu kwesinye isiphuzo ngosuku kwabesifazane noma ezimbili zabesilisa
• Phatha ukucindezeleka ngokuphumelelayo ngezindlela zokuphumula, ukuzivocavoca, noma ukwelulekwa
• Thola ubuthongo obanele uqonde ukufinyelela amahora angu-7-9 ebusuku
• Lawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi ukugcina kungaphansi kuka-130/80 mmHg
• Phatha isifo sikashukela ugcine ukulawula okuhle kweswekile
• Thatha imithi ebekiwe njengoba kuqondiswe yisikhungo sakho sezempilo

Ukuhlola njalo kwezokwelapha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeni ngokuvumela ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwezinto ezingozi. Udokotela wakho angalawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi, amazinga e-kolesterol, kanye neswekile, alungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka ukugcina uphilile.

Kutholakala kanjani ukuxilongwa kwe-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukuqala ngokuthi udokotela wakho athathe umlando wezokwelapha onemininingwane futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba. Bayokubuzisa ngezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni, izinto zokuphila, nanoma iyiphi imithi oyithathayo.

Phakathi kokuhlolwa komzimba, udokotela wakho uzolalela inhliziyo yakho futhi ahlole izimpawu zokupholisa kwegazi, njengokuqina kwezimpumputhe ezandleni noma ezinyaweni, imisindo yenhliziyo engavamile, noma ukwehlukahlukana kokucindezeleka kwegazi phakathi kwezandla zakho.

Izivivinyo eziningi zingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa nokunquma ubukhulu besimo sakho:

• Izivivinyo zegazi zokuhlola amazinga e-kolesterol, ushukela egazini, kanye nezimpawu zokuvuvukala
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) ukuthola ukungalingani komjikelezo wenhliziyo noma izimpawu zokulimala kwangaphambili kwenhliziyo
• Echocardiogram isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubona ubukhulu nomsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho
• Uvivinyo lokucindezela ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphendula kanjani emisebenzini yomzimba noma emithi
• I-Ankle-brachial index iqhathanisa ukucindezela kwegazi ezingalweni nasemiileni yakho
• I-Carotid ultrasound ukuhlola imithambo yegazi ebusweni bakho enikeza ubuchopho bakho
• I-CT noma i-MRI scans ukubona imithambo yegazi nokubona ukuvimba
• I-Cardiac catheterization ukubona ngokuqondile imithambo yegazi ye-coronary usebenzisa umbala wokuphambuka

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukuhlolwa okukhethekile njengokulinganisa i-calcium scoring ukuze alinganise ama-calcium deposits emithambe yegazi ye-coronary yakho, noma izifundo ezithuthukisiwe zokuthola izithombe ezinemininingwane yemithambo yegazi yakho.

Iyini impilo ye-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Ukuphathwa kugxila ekunciphiseni intuthuko yesifo, ukuphatha izimpawu, nokuvimba izinkinga ezinzima njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kanye nokushaya.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa cishe luzoba nemithi yokunakekela izici ezahlukahlukene zesimo sakho. Lokhu kungafaka i-statins ukunciphisa i-kolesterol, imithi yokucindezela kwegazi, imithi yokunciphisa igazi ukuvimba ama-clots, noma imithi yokwelapha isifo sikashukela uma kudingeka.

Imithi evamile udokotela wakho angayibhalela ifaka:

• Imithi ye-Statins yokunciphisa ikolesterol nokuncipha kokuvuvukala ezindongeni ze-artery
• Imithi yezingcindezi legazi efana ne-ACE inhibitors, i-beta-blockers, noma i-diuretics
• Imithi ye-Antiplatelet efana ne-aspirin ukuvimbela ukubunjwa kwamagciwane egazi
• Imithi yokuncipha kwegazi kubantu abasezingeni elikhulu lokubunjwa kwamagciwane egazi
• Imithi yeswekile yokulawula amazinga eshukela egazini
• I-Niacin noma i-fibrates ukuthuthukisa amazinga ekolesterol uma i-statins inganele

Ngokuvimbela okukhulu okusongela impilo yakho, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze izinqubo zokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kungafaka i-angioplasty ngokubeka i-stent ukuvula i-artery evaliwe, noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass ukudala izindlela ezintsha zokugeleza kwegazi ezimithanjeni evaliwe.

Ngokungavamile, abanye abantu bangase bazuze ekwelapheni okusha njenge-PCSK9 inhibitors ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lekolesterol, noma izinqubo ezikhethekile zokwelapha izinkinga ezithile zesifo esithuthukile.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis ekhaya?

Ukulawulwa ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni isimo sakho nokuvimbela izinkinga. Izinqumo zansuku zonke ozithathayo ngokudla, ukuzivocavoca, kanye nemikhuba yokuphila zingathinta kakhulu impilo yakho yemisipha.

Ukudala iphethini yokudla enempilo yentliziyo ingenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazithatha. Gxila ekudleni okugcwele njengokudla okunomsoco, imifino, ukudla okugcwele, amaprotheni ahlanzekile, namafutha ampilo ngenkathi ugcina ukudla okucutshunguliwe, i-sodium engaphezulu, noshukela oluengeziwe.

Nazi izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ongazithatha ekhaya ukulawula isimo sakho:

• Qapha uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi njalo usebenzisa i-monitor yasekhaya
• Thatha imithi ngokufanele ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke
• Gcina idayari yokudla ukuze uqaphele izindlela zakho zokudla futhi ubone izindawo okufanele kuqiniswe kuzo
• Zivocavoca kancane kancane uqale ngokuhamba okufushane bese wandise isikhathi kanye nomfutho kancane kancane
• Zama ukuphatha ingcindezi ngokuzindla, ukuphefumula okujulile, noma ngezinto ozithandayo
• Yeka ukubhema usebenzisa amaqembu wokusekela, imithi, noma ukwelulekwa uma kudingeka
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo ngokulawula izingxenye zokudla kanye nomsebenzi womzimba ojwayelekile
• Thola ubuthongo obanele ngokugcina isikhathi sokulala esiqondile

Ukuqapha kwakho siqu njalo kuzokusiza uhlale uqaphele isimo sakho futhi ubone ukuthi nini ungadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Gcina ulandelela izimpawu zakho, ukufundwa kokuxinzelela kwegazi, kanye nendlela ozizwa ngayo ngemisebenzi ehlukene.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kuzokusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola okuhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo. Ukulungiselela okuhle kuzokusiza nodokotela wakho ukwenza ukulinganisa okuchane kanye nezincomo zokwelapha.

Ngaphambi kokuya kwakho, bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zenzeka nini, yini ezibangela, kanye nakutheni ziphulukana noma zibe zimbi. Chaza ngokucacile isikhathi, isikhathi, kanye nobunzima ukuze usize udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Letha ulwazi olulandelayo e-aphoyintimenti yakho:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwemithi oluhlanganisa imithi evela kudokotela, imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle komthetho, kanye nezinhlanganisela
• Umbhalo womlando wezokwelapha wosapho ikakhulukazi isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, kanye nokuphakama kokucindezela kwegazi
• Imiphumela yokuvivinywa yakamuva evela kwabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo
• Idayari yezimpawu uma ubelokhu uqapha izimpawu zakho
• Imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka kubhalwe phansi ukuze ungakhohlwa ukubuza
• Ulwazi lwe-inshurensi kanye nokuhlonza

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi sokuqokwa. Bangakwazi futhi ukukunikeza ukwesekwa nokusiza ukubukela izidingo zakho uma kudingeka.

Cabanga ngezinhloso zakho zokwelashwa nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka okukwenzayo ngezindlela zokwelapha eziphakanyisiwe. Lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukulungiselela izincomo ezifanele isimo sakho nezifiso zakho.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana ne-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqonde ukuthi lezi zimo zivimbeka futhi ziphatheka ngendlela efanele. Nakuba zingabangela izinkinga ezinzima, ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa okuqondile kungakusiza ugcine ikhwalithi enhle yokuphila.

Izinqumo zakho zansuku zonke mayelana nokudla, ukuzivocavoca, ukubhema, nokuphathwa kwengcindezi zinempembelelo enkulu empilweni yakho yenhliziyo. Izinguquko ezincane, eziqhubekayo kulezi zindawo zingaletha izinzuzo ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho noma usuvele unezinga elithile lesifo se-artery.

Ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo nokugcina ukuzibophezela ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa kukuhlinzeka ngethuba elihle kakhulu lokuvimbela izinkinga nokugcina impilo yakho. Khumbula ukuthi ukuphatha isifo senhliziyo yigama elide, hhayi isikhathi esifushane, futhi ukuzinza kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuphelela.

Ungangabazi ukuthintana nodokotela wakho uma unezinhlungu noma imibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho. Bakhona ukuze bakusekele futhi bakusize ukuthi ubhekane nezinselele zokuphatha impilo yakho yemisipha ngokuphumelelayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis

Ingabe i-arteriosclerosis ne-atherosclerosis zingaphenduka?

Nakuba lezi zimo zingaphenduki ngokuphelele, ukuqhubeka kwazo kungaphungulwa kakhulu noma kuyeke kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okuqine kakhulu. Amanye ama-study abonisa ukuthi ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila okuqine kakhulu nokusetshenziswa kwemithi kungaletha ukuthuthuka okuncane empilweni ye-artery.

Ukuqala kwesikhathi sokwelashwa nokulawulwa okuqhubekayo kwezinto eziyingozi kuyisihluthulelo. Ngisho noma i-plaque ekhona ingasuswa ngokuphelele, ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-plaque entsha nokuqinisa i-plaque ekhona kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-atherosclerosis ithuthuke?

I-Atherosclerosis ivame ukuthuthuka eminyakeni eminingi noma ngisho namakhulu eminyaka. Inqubo ivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni kodwa ithuthuka kancane kakhulu, kungakho izimpawu zingabonakali kuze kube seminyakeni yobudala noma kamuva.

Isilinganiso sokuqhubeka sihluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu futhi kuncike ezintweni zofuzo, ezikhethweni zokuphila, nokuba khona kwezinto eziyingozi ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma ukucindezela kwegazi eliphakeme. Abanye abantu bangathuthukisa isifo esikhulu eminyakeni yabo engama-40, kanti abanye bagcina be-artery ezempilo ngisho naseminyakeni yabo engama-80.

Ingabe i-atherosclerosis ifana nesifo se-coronary artery?

Isifo se-coronary artery empeleni uhlobo oluthile lwe-atherosclerosis oluthinta i-artery ezondla inhliziyo yakho ngegazi. Uma i-atherosclerosis ithuthuka e-coronary arteries, kubizwa ngokuthi isifo se-coronary artery.

I-atherosclerosis ingathinta imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho wonke, kuhlanganise nalabo abasebuchosheni bakho, imilenze, izinso, namanye amalungu. I-Coronary artery disease iyinhlangothi nje yendlela ebanzi ye-atherosclerotic.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuhlasela kwenhliziyo nokuyeka kokushaya kwenhliziyo?

Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi ingxenye yemisipha yenhliziyo yakho kuvinjelwe, ngokuvamile ngokugqwala kwegazi okwenziwe endaweni yephlake eliqhekekile. Imisipha yenhliziyo iqala ukufa ngenxa yokushoda kokujula, kodwa inhliziyo ngokuvamile iyaqhubeka ishaya.

Ukuyeka kokushaya kwenhliziyo kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo yakho iyeka ngokuzumayo ukushaya kahle, kusika ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni bakho nakwamanye amalungu abalulekile. Ngenkathi ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kungabangela ukuyeka kokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuyeka kokushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kuvele nakwezinye izimbangela ezifana nezinkinga zombane enhliziyweni.

Kufanele ngihlolwe kangakanani ikholestrol yami?

Abantu abadala abaningi kufanele bahlolwe ikholestrol yabo yonke iminyaka emi-4-6, beqala eminyakeni engama-20. Noma kunjalo, uma unezingozi zesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa okuvamile.

Abantu abane-diabetes, igazi eliphezulu, umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, noma labo abasebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa ikholestrol ngokuvamile badinga ukuqapha minyaka yonke noma ngokuvamile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwabo kusebenza kahle nokulungisa imithi njengoba kudingeka.