Ukuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni yisimo lapho ithambo lifa khona ngenxa yokuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi. Cabanga ngesigqoko somuthi esiyomelela uma amanzi engafikelwa yiso - ithambo lakho lidinga ukugeleza okuzinzile kwegazi ukuze lihlale liphilile futhi liphilile.

Lesi simo sivame ukubamba amagciwane ezinqenqemeni, ehlombe, emadolweni, nasezinqenqemeni zezinyawo. Nakuba kuzwakala kukhulu, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kungakusiza ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze lilawulwe ngokuphumelelayo.

Iyini Ukuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kwisigaba sethambo kuphazanyiswa noma kuncishiswa. Ngaphandle kokugeleza okwanele kwegazi, amangqamuzana ethambo aqala ukufa, okugcina kubangela ukuthi ithambo liwa uma lingelashwa.

Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi i-osteonecrosis, okusho ngokoqobo ukuthi “ukufa kwethambo.” Ngokuvamile sithuthuka kancane kancane ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni eminingi, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimaza.

Amathambo akho yizicubu eziphilayo ezihlala zizakha ngokwazo ngenqubo edinga i-oksijini namasondlo evela egazini lakho. Uma le nani isikwa, ngisho nalokhu okwesikhashana, kungabangela uchungechunge lwezinkinga ezithinta umsebenzi wamagciwane futhi zibangele ubuhlungu obukhulu.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Izinyathelo zokuqala zokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni ngokuvamile azibangeli zimpawu nhlobo. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi kukhona okuphosakele kuze kube yilapho isimo sesithuthukile kakhulu.

Njengoba isimo sithuthuka, ungase uqaphele lezi zibonakaliso zexwayiso:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuhlungu enqenqemeni ethintekile obukhulu uma uthuthuka
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubeka ngisho nalapho uphumule, ikakhulukazi ebusuku
• Ukuqina nokunciphisa ukunyakaza enqenqemeni
• Ukuphuma uma ithambo noma idolikhanda lithintekile
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha eduze kwendawo ethintekile
• Ukuzwa kokugqwala uma uthuthukisa inqenqemeni

Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile buqala njengokuhlungu okuthambile futhi bungaba bukhulu kakhulu njengoba isimo sethambo sibuthakathaka. Uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu obungapheli benqenqemeni obungaphuli ngokuphumula, kufanele ukuxoxe nodokotela wakho.

Ziyini Izimbangela Zokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kuthuthuka lapho kukhona okuthinta ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile emathanjeni akho. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokulimala okuqondile noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukugeleza kwegazi kwakho.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukulimala okuhlukumezayo njengokuqhekeka kwamagciwane noma ukuhlukana kwamagciwane okonakalisa imithambo yegazi
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwamakhomishini e-corticosteroid, angathinta impilo yemithambo yegazi
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala isikhathi eside, okuholela ekuqokeleleni kwamafutha okuvimba imithambo yegazi emincane
• Izimo zezokwelapha njengosulelelo lwe-sickle cell oluthinta ukugeleza kwegazi
• Izifo zokugqwala kwegazi ezandisa ingozi yokuvimba kwemithambo
• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla noma i-chemotherapy

Izimbangela ezingavamile ezifanele ukwazi zihlanganisa isifo sokuqina (sokuzama amanzi), isifo se-Gaucher, nezinye izimo zokuziphatha komzimba njenge-lupus. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela abakwazi ukubona imbangela ethile, okuthiwa yi-avascular necrosis idiopathic.

Lokhu kushiwo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onalezi zinto ezingozi ozokuthuthukisa ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni. Umzimba wakho unamazinga okuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi, futhi abantu abaningi abanezimo ezifanayo abazange bahlushwe ukufa kwethambo.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu obungapheli benqenqemeni obungaphuli ngokuphumula noma imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungahlanganisa umehluko omkhulu eziphumeleni zokwelashwa.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu benqenqemeni obuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ubuhlungu obukuvusa ebusuku
• Ukulinganiselwa okukhulu ekunyakazeni kwenqenqemeni
• Ubuhlungu benqenqemeni ngemuva kokulimaza noma ukuqhekeka kwamuva
• Izimpawu ezintsha zenqenqemeni uma uthatha imithi ye-corticosteroid

Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho ubuhlungu bukhulu kakhulu. Uma ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kutholakala ngokushesha, izindlela zokwelapha eziningi uzoba nazo ukuze ulondoloze umsebenzi wakho wamagciwane futhi unciphise izinkinga zesikhathi eside.

Ziyini Izinto Ezingozi Zokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukulandelela impilo yakho yethambo eduze.

Izinto ezingozi eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuthatha imithi ye-corticosteroid eningi isikhathi eside
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala (ngaphezu kwezicucu ezintathu ngosuku njalo)
• Ukulimala kwangaphambili kwamagciwane noma ukuqhekeka
• Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha njengesi-anemia se-sickle cell, i-lupus, noma isifo sokuvuvukala sezisu
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuhlanganise umgogodla ne-chemotherapy
• Izifo zokugqwala kwegazi noma ukuthatha imithi yokuncipha kwegazi

Ubudala nobulili futhi kudlala indima, ngesimo esivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengu-60. Amadoda avame kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kunabesifazane.

Uma unezinto eziningi ezingozi, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukulandelela njalo noma izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Khumbula, ukuba nezinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa isimo - kusho nje ukuthi ukuqapha izimpawu kuwukuhlakanipha.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingaba khona Zokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zamagciwane ezithinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ukuwohloka kwethambo nokuwohloka kwamagciwane.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zihlanganisa:

• Ukuwa okuqedelekile kwethambo elithintekile, okuholela ekuguqukeni okukhulu kwenqenqemeni
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-arthritis enqenqemeni ethintekile
• Ukulahlekelwa okungapheli komsebenzi wamagciwane nokukwazi ukuthuthuka
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli obukhulu obukhulu
• Isidingo sokuhlinzwa kokufakwa kwenqenqemeni
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha nokuwohloka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kwenqenqemeni

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuvame ukuvimbela noma ukulibazisa lezi zinkinga. Ukwelashwa kwamanje kuye kwathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yabantu abane-avascular necrosis, ikakhulukazi uma kubanjwe ezigabeni zokuqala.

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlala lisebenzisana nawe ukuze liqaphe isimo futhi lilungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka ukuze kulondolozwe umsebenzi wamagciwane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukutholakala Kokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Ukutholakala kokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kudinga ukuhlanganiswa komlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komzimba, nokuhlolwa kwezithombe. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nanoma yiziphi izinto ezingozi onazo.

Phakathi kokuhlolwa komzimba, udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukuthambile kwenqenqemeni, ukunyakaza, nanoma yiziphi izibonakaliso zokuthakathaka kwemisipha. Bazobheka futhi izindlela ebuhlungwini bakho ezingase ziphakamise ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni.

Amathuluzi abaluleke kakhulu okutholakala yizifundo zezithombe:

• I-X-rays ingabonisa izinguquko zethambo, kodwa kuphela ezigabeni ezingemuva kwesimo
• I-MRI scans iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ingabonisa ukufa kwethambo ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale kwi-X-rays
• I-CT scans inikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane yesakhiwo sethambo futhi isize ekuqondeni ubukhulu bokulimala
• I-Bone scans ingabonisa izindawo zokunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ayalele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole izimo ezingaphansi ezingase zifake isandla ekuqothukeni kwegazi emathanjeni. Lonke inqubo yokutholakala ikusiza ukwakha isithombe esiphelele sesimo sakho futhi iholele izinqumo zokwelapha.

Iyini Ukwelashwa Kokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Ukwelashwa kokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kugxile ekulondolozeni umsebenzi wamagciwane, ukuphatha ubuhlungu, nokuvimbela ukulimala kwethambo. Indlela ixhomeke esigabeni sesimo nanoma yiziphi izintambo ezithintekile.

Ukwelashwa okungeyona ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuzama kuqala futhi kungafaka:

• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala
• Ukwelashwa komzimba ukulondoloza ukunyakaza kwamagciwane nokuqina kwemisipha ezungezile
• Ukusebenzisa amadivayisi okusiza njengezikhali zokunciphisa isisindo esithintekile ezinqenqemeni
• Ukuguqulwa kwesitayela sokuphila kuhlanganisa ukulinganisela utshwala nokulawula izimo ezingaphansi
• Ukwelashwa nge-oksijini ye-hyperbaric kwezinye izimo ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi

Uma ukwelashwa okungeyona ukuhlinzwa kunganelisi, izindlela zokuhlinzwa zingase zicatshangelwe:

• Ukuqeda ukucindezela ukuze kunciphise ukucindezela ngaphakathi kwethambo futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emisha
• Ukuhlinzwa kwethambo ukunikeza ukusekela kwesakhiwo nokukhuthaza ukuphulukisa
• Ukuhlinzwa kokufakwa kwenqenqemeni ezimeni eziphambili ngokuwohloka okukhulu kwethambo
• Izindlela ze-osteotomy ukusabalalisa isisindo kude nezindawo ezonakele

I-orthopedic surgeon yakho izoxoxa ngezinketho ezinhle kakhulu ngokususelwa esimweni sakho esithile, ubudala, amazinga omsebenzi, nempilo yakho yonke. Umgomo uhlala ukulondoloza umsebenzi wakho wamagciwane wemvelo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Indlela Yokwelapha Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Sokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Ukulawula ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni ekhaya kuhilela ukuvikela amagciwane akho athintekile ngenkathi uhlala usebenza ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinqumo ezincane zansuku zonke zingenza umehluko omkhulu ekududuzeni nasemiphumeleni yesikhathi eside.

Amasu okulawula ubuhlungu ongawasebenzisa ekhaya ahlanganisa:

• Ukubekisa ama-ice packs imizuzu engama-15-20 izikhathi eziningi ngosuku ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• Ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa ngokushisa ngaphambi kwemisebenzi ukuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwenqenqemeni
• Ukuthatha imithi eyalwe ngokunembile njengoba kuyalwe udokotela wakho
• Ukuqeqesha imisebenzi yokwelula eyenziwe ngokucophelela eyalwe yisifundisi sakho somzimba
• Ukusebenzisa amadivayisi asekelayo njengezibopho noma izintambo uma kudingeka

Ukuguqulwa kwesitayela sokuphila kungase futhi kusekele ukwelashwa kwakho:

• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ukunciphisa ukucindezela ezinqenqemeni ezithwala isisindo
• Ukuqeda imisebenzi ebeka ukucindezela okukhulu ezinqenqemeni ezithintekile
• Ukuyeka ukubhema, njengoba kungalimaza ukugeleza kwegazi
• Ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ukusekela impilo yethambo
• Ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo okunama-calcium nama-vitamin D amaningi

Khumbula ukuhlala uxhumana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi ubike noma yiziphi izinguquko ezimpawini zakho. Ukukhathalela ekhaya kusebenza kangcono uma kuhlanganiswa nokuphathwa kwezokwelapha kwabasebenzi.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kwadokotela Wakho?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungakusiza ukwenza kakhulu isikhathi sakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi uthola ulwazi nokukhathalelwa okudingayo.

Ngaphambi kwendwendwelo yakho, buza lolu lwazi oluqakathekile:

• Uhlu oluqondile lwezimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini ezenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi
• Yonke imithi nezinye izinto ozithathayo njengamanje
• Umbhalo wakho wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi noma yikuphi ukulimala kwangaphambili noma izimo ezingase zibe nobudlelwano
• Uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho
• Ulwazi ngomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi oluqakathekile oluxoxwe ngalo ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Kungasiza ukuba nombono womunye umuntu, ikakhulukazi uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu noma ukucindezeleka.

Bhala imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ungakhohlwa ukuyibuza. Imibuzo evamile ingase ihlanganise ukubuza ngezinketho zokwelapha, imiphumela okulindelekile, ukulinganiselwa kwemisebenzi, nokuthi nini kufanele ulandele.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Ngokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni?

Ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni yisimo esinzima, kodwa akuyona ukuxilongwa okungenathemba. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokuhlanganyela kwakho okusebenzayo ekwelapheni, abantu abaningi balondoloza umsebenzi omuhle wamagciwane nekhalithi yokuphila.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela. Uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu obungapheli benqenqemeni, ikakhulukazi uma unezinto ezingozi njengokusetshenziswa kwe-steroid noma ukulimala kwangaphambili, ungangabazi ukufuna ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Imithi yanamuhla inikeza ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni, kusukela emithi nasekwelapheni komzimba kuya ezinqubweni zokuhlinzwa eziphambili. Iqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo lizohlala lisebenzisana nawe ukwakha uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele izidingo zakho nemigomo yakho.

Nakuba ukuphila nokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kudinga ukuguqulwa okuthile, abantu abaningi baqhubeka bephila impilo esebenzayo, ezele ngokuphathwa okufanele. Hlala uhileleke ekwelapheni kwakho, xoxa ngokukhululekile nabaphakeli bakho bezempilo, futhi khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa kule ndlela.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngokuqothuka Kwegazi Emathanjeni

M1: Ingabe ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kungaphuli ngokwalo?

Ngeshwa, ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni akunaphuli ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Uma ithambo lifa, alinakuzakha kabusha ngokwalo. Noma kunjalo, ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungasiza ekulondolozeni izicubu zethambo ezisaphila futhi kuvimbele ukulimala okuqhubekayo. Abanye abantu abanesifo esisezingeni lokuqala kakhulu bangase babone ukuthuthuka ngokuguqulwa kwesitayela sokuphila nemithi, kodwa izimo eziningi zidinga ukuphathwa kwezokwelapha okusebenzayo ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka.

M2: Ingabe ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni kuhlungu ngaso sonke isikhathi?

Ubuhlungu obuvela ekuqothukeni kwegazi emathanjeni ngokuvamile buhluka usuku lonke futhi bungase buxhomeke emazingeni akho omsebenzi. Abantu abaningi bahlushwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokunyakaza nemisebenzi yokuthwala isisindo, ngenkathi ukuphumula kungase kunikeze impumuzo ethile. Njengoba isimo sithuthuka, ubuhlungu ngokuvamile buyaqhubeka futhi bungase bukuvuse ebusuku. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi amasu aphethwe kahle okulawula ubuhlungu angasiza ekulawuleni ukungakhululeki kakhulu.

M3: Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa ngokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni?

Akuwona wonke umuntu onokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni odinga ukuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa kuxhomeke esigabeni sesimo, ubudala bakho, impilo yonke, nezintambo ezithintekile. Isimo esisezingeni lokuqala singase siphendule kahle ekwelapheni okungeyona ukuhlinzwa njengemithi, ukwelashwa komzimba, nokuzilungisa kwesitayela sokuphila. Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kucabangelwa uma ukwelashwa okungeyona ukuhlinzwa kungabi nakusiza ngokwanele noma uma kukhona ukuwohloka okukhulu kwethambo.

M4: Ingabe ngingasaphila ngokuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni?

Yebo, kodwa uhlobo nobukhulu bomsebenzi kufanele luhluke ngokususelwa esimweni sakho nasezincomeneni zedokotela wakho. Imisebenzi ephansi yokuthinta njokubhukuda, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, nokulula ukwelula ngokuvamile kukhuthazwa ngoba kusiza ekulondolozeni ukunyakaza kwamagciwane nokuqina kwemisipha ngaphandle kokubeka ukucindezela okukhulu emathanjeni athintekile. I-physiotherapist yakho ingaklama uhlelo lomsebenzi oluphephile olusekela imigomo yakho yokwelapha.

M5: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni ukuthuthuka?

Ukuqothuka kwegazi emathanjeni ngokuvamile kuthuthuka kancane kancane ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni eminingi, nakuba isikhathi eside singahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Abanye abantu bangase baqaphele izimpawu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokulimaza, ngenkathi abanye bangase bangabi nazinkinga iminyaka eminingi ngemuva kokubhekana nezinto ezingozi njengemithi ye-steroid. Ukuqhubeka futhi kuxhomeke ezintweni njengobukhulu bendawo yethambo ethintekile nempilo yakho yonke.