Ukuthi yini i-Barrett's Esophagus? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

I-Barrett's esophagus iyisimo lapho ukugqoka okuvamile kwe-esophagus yakho kuguquka kube yitishu ebukeka ifana nokugqoka kwesisu sakho. Lokhu kuguquka kwenzeka lapho ama-acid esiswini ehlanhlatha njalo ebuyela phezulu e-esophagus yakho isikhathi eside, kubangela umzimba wakho ukuthi uzilungiselele ngokukhulisa itishu ehlukile yokukhuselwa.

Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kukhathazayo, i-Barrett's esophagus ithinta cishe u-1-2% wabantu abadala futhi ilawuleka ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Ukuqonda lesi simo kungakusiza ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze uqaphe kahle futhi unciphise noma yimiphi imingcipheko.

Iyini i-Barrett's Esophagus?

I-Barrett's esophagus ivela lapho ukugqoka kwe-esophagus yakho kuguquka kusuka ekuqokeni kwayo okuvamile okubomvu, obukhulu kube yitishu ebomvu, ebukhulu ebukeka ifana nokugqoka kwesisu sakho. I-esophagus yakho yiyona phukusi ethwala ukudla emlonyeni wakho kuya esiswini sakho, futhi ayiklanyelwe ukusingatha ama-acid esiswini njalo.

Lapho i-acid reflux ivela njalo izinyanga noma iminyaka, i-esophagus yakho izama ukuzivikela ngokukhulisa le tishu eqinile. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela yomzimba wakho yokufaka i-armor lapho yonakele khona njalo.

Lesi simo sibhekwa njengengxaki yesifo se-gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), okuyi-acid reflux eqhubekayo. Abantu abaningi abane-Barrett's esophagus babe nezimpawu ze-GERD iminyaka eminingi, nakuba abanye bangase bangazange baphawule izimpawu ezinkulu zokushisa kwenhliziyo.

Ziyini Izimpawu ze-Barrett's Esophagus?

I-Barrett's esophagus ngokwayo ayibangeli zimpawu ezithile. Izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo zivela e-GERD engaphansi eyholele kulesi simo ekuqaleni.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ongaziqaphela:

• Ukushisa kwenhliziyo okuvamile noma ukuzwakala kokushisa esifubeni
• Ukubuyela kwe-acid (ukunambitha okubabayo emlonyeni wakho)
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukudla noma izinto eziphuzwayo
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obungehlangani nenhliziyo yakho
• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo noma ukukhuluphala
• Ukuzwa sengathi ukudla kunamathela ehlombe lakho

Abanye abantu abane-Barrett's esophagus bangase babe nezimpawu ezilula noma azikho nhlobo, kungakho lesi simo singase singaqondwa iminyaka eminingi. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, ngokuvamile zihlangene ne-acid reflux eqhubekayo kunokuguquka kwethishu ngokwayo.

Yini ebangela i-Barrett's Esophagus?

I-Barrett's esophagus ithuthukiswa ukukhishwa isikhathi eside kwama-acid esiswini e-esophagus yakho. Isiswini sakho sivelisa i-acid eqinile ukuze siqede ukudla, kodwa i-esophagus yakho ayikhiqizwanga ukusingatha le acid njalo.

Imbangela ephambili yi-gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) eqhubekayo. Lapho umsipha ophezulu we-esophagus yakho ungavalwa kahle, i-acid esiswini ingase igeleze emuva e-esophagus yakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kukhishwa kwe-acid okuphindaphindwayo kuqalisa ukugqoka kwe-esophagus yakho ukuthi kuguquke njengendlela yokuzivimbela.

Izici eziningi zingase zinikeze le nqubo. I-hiatal hernia, lapho ingxenye yesisu sakho icindezela phezulu nge-diaphragm yakho, ingenza i-acid reflux ibe mbi kakhulu. Ukudla okuthile, ukukhuluphala, ukubhema, nokulala ngemuva kokudla konke kungase kukhulise ukwanda kwe-acid reflux.

Ukuhluka kwethishu ngokuvamile kuthatha iminyaka ukuthuthukisa, kungakho i-Barrett's esophagus ivame kakhulu kubantu ababengamazimpawu e-GERD isikhathi eside. Umgomo wakho ngokuyisisekelo uqamba kabusha ukugqoka kwe-esophagus ukuze ukwazi kangcono ukukhuthaza ukukhishwa kwe-acid.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Nge-Barrett's Esophagus?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela uma uhlangabezana nokushisa kwenhliziyo okuvamile noma izimpawu ze-acid reflux ngaphezu kabili ngesonto. Ukubheka kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kwe-GERD kungasiza ukuvimbela i-Barrett's esophagus ukuthi ingathuthuki.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela ubunzima bokuginya, ikakhulukazi uma ukudla kuzwakala sengathi kunamathela. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi i-esophagus yakho iyancipha noma ukuthi ezinye izinkinga ziqala ukuvela.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukugabha igazi, noma ukudlula izisu ezimnyama, ezinamandla. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuphuza igazi e-esophagus yakho noma esiswini, okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Uma usuvele wazi ukuthi une-Barrett's esophagus, landela isimiso sokuqapha esikunikezwe udokotela wakho. Ukuqapha okuvamile kubalulekile ngisho noma uzizwa kahle, njengoba lokhu kusiza ukubamba noma yikuphi ukuhluka kwasekuqaleni lapho kulula khona ukwelashwa.

Ziyini Izingozi Zokuthuthuka Kwe-Barrett's Esophagus?

Ukuqonda izingozi zakho kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi nizibone ukuthi ungase uzuze ekuhlolweni noma ekuqapheni okuqinile. Ezinye izingozi ongaziqondisa, kanti ezinye ziyisigaba sempilo yakho siqu.

Izingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• I-GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) eqhubekayo
• Ukuba owesilisa (abesilisa banethuba elingaphezu kuka-2-3 lokuthuthukisa)
• Ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50
• Ukuba umuntu omhlophe
• Ukubhema noma umlando wokubhema
• Ukukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala kakhulu
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-Barrett's esophagus noma umdlavuza we-esophagus

Ukuba nengozi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile i-Barrett's esophagus. Abantu abaningi abanezingozi eziningi abazuthuthukisi lesi simo, kanti abanye abantu abanezingozi ezimbalwa bayakuthuthukisa. Lezi zici zisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole ukuthi ukuqapha okuqaphayo kungase kube usizo kangakanani kuwe.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zivele Nge-Barrett's Esophagus?

Nakuba abantu abaningi abane-Barrett's esophagus bephila impilo evamile, enempilo, kubalulekile ukuqonda izingozi ezingase zivele ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze uqaphe futhi uzivikele.

Ukukhathazeka okukhulu ukuthi i-Barrett's esophagus ngezinye izikhathi ingathuthuka ibe yisimo esingaphambi komdlavuza esibizwa ngokuthi i-dysplasia. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaseli aguqukile eqala ukubukeka engajwayelekile ngaphansi kwesikrini. I-dysplasia ephansi isho ukuthi amaseli abukeka engajwayelekile kancane, kanti i-dysplasia ephakeme isho ukuthi abukeka ekhathazayo kakhulu.

Ingozi ebucayi kakhulu kodwa engavamile yi-esophageal adenocarcinoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuqhubeka akuvamile. Ngaphansi kuka-1% yabantu abane-Barrett's esophagus bathuthukisa umdlavuza unyaka ngamunye. Ngokuqapha okuvamile, noma yikuphi ukuhluka okukhathazayo ngokuvamile kungabambeka futhi kulashwe ngaphambi kokuba kube yimdlavuza.

Ezinye izingozi ezingase zivele zihlanganisa i-strictures, lapho i-esophagus yakho iyancipha khona ngenxa yokuvuvukala okuphindaphindwayo, okwenza kube nzima ukuginya. Ukuphuza igazi kungase futhi kwenzeke uma itishu icasuka kakhulu, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ngokulawulwa kahle kwe-acid.

Ukuqapha okuvamile nodokotela wakho kunciphise kakhulu ingozi yezingozi ezinkulu ngokubamba noma yikuphi ukuhluka kwasekuqaleni lapho kulula khona ukwelashwa.

I-Barrett's Esophagus Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

I-Barrett's esophagus ihlonishwa nge-upper endoscopy, inqubo lapho udokotela wakho esebenzisa khona i-tube encane, eguquguqukayo enekhamera ukubuka ngaphakathi kwe-esophagus yakho. Lokhu kuyamvumela ukubona ukuhluka kwethishu futhi athathe amasampula amancane ukuze ahlolwe.

Phakathi ne-endoscopy, udokotela wakho uzobheka itishu ebomvu ebonakalayo ethatha indawo yokugqoka okuvamile kwe-esophagus ebomvu. Uzokuthatha amasampula amancane ethishu (i-biopsies) ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukene ukuze ahlolwe ngaphansi kwesikrini.

I-biopsy ibalulekile ngoba iqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi ihlole noma yikuphi ukuhluka kweselula okungajwayelekile. I-pathologist izobheka amaseli ohlobo lwesisu anezakhiwo ezikhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi ama-goblet cells, okuyizimpawu ze-Barrett's esophagus.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze ahlole ubukhulu be-acid reflux yakho. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqapha i-pH, lapho idivayisi encane iqapha amazinga e-acid e-esophagus yakho ngamahora angu-24, noma i-esophageal manometry ukuze ihlole ukuthi imisipha yakho ye-esophagus isebenza kahle kangakanani.

Inqubo yonke yokuxilongwa iyasiza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukwakha uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lokuqapha nokuphathwa sesimo sakho esithile.

Yini Ukwelapha Kwe-Barrett's Esophagus?

Ukuphathwa kwe-Barrett's esophagus kugxile ekulawuleni i-acid reflux ukuze kuvinjelwe ukonakala okwengeziwe nokuqapha noma yikuphi ukuhluka kwethishu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokuphathwa okuhle, abantu abaningi abalesi simo bayaphila kahle kakhulu.

Ukuvimbela i-acid kuyisisekelo sokwelapha. Udokotela wakho cishe uzokunikeza i-proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), okuyizidakamizwa ezinciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwe-acid esiswini. Lezi zidakamizwa zisiza ekuvikeleni i-esophagus yakho ekwenzakaleni kwe-acid okwengeziwe futhi zingase zibe usizo ekubuyiseni ethuneni le-Barrett ekuqondeni.

Ezimeni eziphambili nge-dysplasia ephakeme, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze izinqubo zokususa itishu engajwayelekile. I-Radiofrequency ablation isebenzisa amandla okushisa ukubhubhisa itishu ye-Barrett, kanti i-endoscopic mucosal resection isusa izigaba zethishu. Lezi zinqubo ngokuvamile zenziwa ngesikhathi se-endoscopy.

Ezimeni ezingavamile lapho umdlavuza uthuthukile khona, ukwelashwa okukhulu njengokuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke. Noma kunjalo, ngokuqapha okuvamile, abantu abaningi abafiki kuleli zinga.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luzokwenziwa ngokwezimo zakho ezithile, kuhlanganise nokuthi unethishu eningi kangakanani ye-Barrett nokuthi kukhona yini ukuhluka kweselula okungajwayelekile okukhona.

Ukuthi Ungayilawula Kanjani i-Barrett's Esophagus Ekhaya?

Ukuphatha i-Barrett's esophagus ekhaya kuhilela ukuguqula indlela yokuphila okunciphisa i-acid reflux futhi kusekele impilo yakho ye-esophagus ngokujwayelekile. Lezi zinguquko zisebenza kanye nokuphathwa kwakho kwezokwelapha ukunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Nazi izinguquko ezibalulekile zendlela yokuphila ezingasiza:

• Gwema ukudla okubangela njengokudla okunoshukela, ama-acid, noma amaningi amafutha
• Dla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile esikhundleni sokudla okukhulu
• Ungalali okungenani amahora angu-3 ngemuva kokudla
• Phakamisa ikhanda lembhede yakho ngamasentimitha angu-6-8
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo
• Yekela ukubhema uma ubhema
• Limita ukusetshenziswa kotshwala

Ukuthatha imithi yakho njalo kubalulekile, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bethambekele ekuyekezeni imithi yabo yokunciphisa i-acid lapho izimpawu ziqeda, kodwa ukuqhubeka kokunciphisa i-acid kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuhluka kwethishu okwengeziwe.

Gcina idayari yokudla nezimpawu ukuze ubone izinto ezibangela kuwe. Lokho okubangela i-reflux kuyahlukahluka kumuntu ngamunye, ngakho-ke ukuqonda izindlela zakho kungakusiza ukwenza ukulungiswa kokudla okuqondiswe ngcono.

Ukuthi Ungazilungiselela Kanjani Ukuya Kudokotela Wakho?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zenzeka nini nokuthi yini ebonakala iyizibangela.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa kanye nezinye izinto ozithathayo, kuhlanganise nama-antacids angaphezu kokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi. Udokotela wakho udinga ukwazi konke okusebenzisayo ukuze ulawule izimpawu zakho, njengoba ezinye izidakamizwa zingase zihlangane nokuphathwa kwe-Barrett's esophagus.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho. Cabanga ukubuza ngesikhathi sakho sokuqapha, noma yikuphi ukunciphisa kokudla, imiphumela emibi yemithi, nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele zikukhuthaze ukubiza ihhovisi.

Uma ubona ochwepheshe okokuqala, letha amakhophi wanoma yimiphi imibiko ye-endoscopy yangaphambili, imiphumela ye-biopsy, noma izifundo zokufana. Lolu lwazi lwesizinda lusisiza udokotela wakho omusha ukuthi aqonde ukuqhubeka kwesimo sakho nesimo samanje.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxiwe ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti, ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngokuxilongwa kwakho.

Yini Okubalulekile Nge-Barrett's Esophagus?

I-Barrett's esophagus iyisimo esilawuleka esithuthukiswa yi-acid reflux eqhubekayo, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, abantu abaningi abalesi simo baphila impilo evamile, enempilo. Okubalulekile ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze ulawule i-acid reflux futhi uqaphe noma yikuphi ukuhluka.

Ukuqapha okuvamile kuyisivikelo sakho esihle kakhulu ezingozini. Nakuba lesi simo sinengozi encane yokuthuthuka sibe yimdlavuza, le ngozi ingaphansi kuka-1% ngonyaka, futhi ukuqapha okuvamile kubamba noma yikuphi ukuhluka okukhathazayo kwasekuqaleni lapho kulula khona ukwelashwa.

Ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba kulotshiwe nokuzenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ukuze unciphise i-acid reflux kuyizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza. Lezi zinyathelo azisizi nje ekuvimbeleni ukuqhubeka kodwa zingase futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho ngokunciphisa izimpawu ezingathandeki.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-Barrett's esophagus akukugcini uhambo lwakho lwempilo. Ngezindlela zokuhlola nokuphatha zanamuhla, ungalawola isimo sakho futhi ugxile ekuphileni kahle.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngo-Barrett's Esophagus

Q1: Ingabuyekeza yini i-Barrett's esophagus?

Kwezinye izimo, itishu ye-Barrett's esophagus ingabuya ekuqondeni ngokwelashwa okukhulu kokunciphisa i-acid, nakuba lokhu kungenzeki kubo bonke. Ngisho noma itishu ingabuyeli ngokuphelele, ukulawula i-acid reflux kuvimbela ukuqhubeka okwengeziwe futhi kunciphisa izingozi. Udokotela wakho angaxoxa ukuthi ungumuntu ofanele yini ukwelashwa okususa itishu ye-Barrett.

Q2: Zingaki izikhathi okufanele ngibe ne-surveillance endoscopies?

Ukuvamile kuncike esimweni sakho esithile. Uma une-Barrett's esophagus ngaphandle kwe-dysplasia, ngokuvamile uzodinga i-endoscopy eminyakeni engu-3-5. Uma une-dysplasia ephansi, ukuqapha kungase kube izinyanga ezingu-6-12. I-dysplasia ephakeme ngokuvamile idinga ukuqapha izinyanga ezingu-3. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha isimiso esikhethekile ngokwezimpawu zakho ze-biopsy kanye nezingozi.

Q3: Ingabe i-Barrett's esophagus iyadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni?

Nakuba i-Barrett's esophagus ingase ihambe emindenini, ayidluliselwa ngqo njengezinye izimo ze-genetic. Ukuba nomlando womndeni kukhuphula ingozi yakho, kodwa lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yezinto ezihlangene zemvelo, ukunamathela kwe-genetic ku-GERD, noma ukuhlanganiswa kokubili. Uma unezilungu zomndeni ezine-Barrett's esophagus noma umdlavuza we-esophagus, xoxa nodokotela wakho ngezincomo zokuhlola ezikhethekile.

Q4: Ngingasadli kahle ngine-Barrett's esophagus?

Abantu abaningi abane-Barrett's esophagus bangajabulela ukudla okuhlukahlukene ngezinguquko ezithile zokunciphisa i-acid reflux. Cishe uzodinga ukugwema noma ukulinganisela ukudla okubangela izimpawu zakho, njengokudla okunoshukela, i-citrus, amatamatisi, i-chocolate, noma i-caffeine. Ukusebenza nodokotela wezondlo kungakusiza ukwenza uhlelo lokudla olunethezeka olulawula izimpawu zakho ngenkathi uhlangabezana nezidingo zakho zezondlo.

Q5: Ingabe ukucindezeleka kwenza i-Barrett's esophagus ibe mbi kakhulu?

Nakuba ukucindezeleka kungabangeli i-Barrett's esophagus ngokuqondile, kungenza izimpawu ze-acid reflux zibe zimbi ngokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-acid esiswini nokwenza indlela yokusebenza yesisu yakho ibe mbi. Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula, ukuzivocavoca, noma ukwelashwa kungaba yingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwakho lokwelapha oluphelele. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka kuthuthukisa izimpawu zabo zokugaya ukudla kakhulu.