Ukuthukuthelwa Yinyosi: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuthukuthelwa yinyosi kwenzeka lapho inyoni ifaka ubuthi esikhunwini sakho ngomsila wayo njengendlela yokuzivimbela. Iningi lezikhukhula zezinyosi liba nomuzwa wokubamba, ukukhula, nokuvuvukala endaweni ethukuthelelweyo okuyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Nakuba kungathandeki, ukuthukuthelwa yinyosi akunakwehluleka kubantu abaningi, nakuba abanye abantu bangase babe nokuthukuthela okukhulu okudingayo ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha.

Iyini i-Bee Sting?

Ukuthukuthelwa yinyosi kwenzeka lapho inyoni ingena esikhunwini sakho ngomsila wayo bese ikhipha ubuthi endaweni ezungezile. Ubuthi buqukethe amaprotheni nezinto ezikhuthaza impendulo yomzimba yakho yokuvuvukala, okubangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala okujwayelekile.

Lapho inyoni ye-honeybee ikuthukuthela, ishiya umsila wayo oqinele esikhunwini sakho futhi ife ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Ezinye izinyosi ezifana ne-bumblebees ne-wasps zinemisila ebushelelezi evumela ukuba zithukuthele izikhathi eziningi ngaphandle kokubulawa.

Umkhabo wakho uphatha ubuthi bezinyosi njengomvimbi wangaphandle, kungakho uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obungokushesha okulandelelwa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala. Le mpendulo iyinto evamile futhi ibonisa ukuthi isimiso sakho sokuvikela siyakusebenza ukuze sikuvimbele.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokuthukuthelwa Yinyosi?

Iningi lezimpawu zokuthukuthelwa yinyosi libonakala ngokushesha futhi lithinta kuphela indawo ezungezile indawo ethukuthelelweyo. Lezi zimpendulo zendawo yiyona impendulo evamile yomzimba wakho ebuthini bezinyosi.

Izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuvuthayo endaweni ethukuthelelweyo
• Ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala endaweni
• Ibhavu elimhlophe elincane lapho umsila ungene khona
• Ubushushu nobuhlungu uma uthinta
• Ukukhahlela okungase kuqale ngemva kwamahora

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukufika ezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kwamahora ambalwa okuqala bese ziya zithuthuka kancane ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. Ukuvuvukala kungase kubukeke kukhathaza, kodwa ngokuvamile akubi nakho futhi kuzophumela ngokwalo.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nemiphumela emikhulu yendawo lapho ukuvuvukala kuya ngaphesheya kwendaweni ethukuthelelweyo. Ungase uqaphele ukuvuvukala okuya ezinhlanganweni eziseduze noma okuhlanganisa isigamu esikhulu sesikhumba, ngezinye izikhathi sihlala kuze kube yisonto.

Izimpawu Zokuqala Kokuthukuthela Okukhulu

Ukuthukuthela okukhulu okubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis kungenzeka kubantu abanomuzwa omkhulu ebuthini bezinyosi. Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-anaphylaxis zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphefumula okunzima noma ukukhahlela
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, olulimi, noma umlomo
• Izinga lokugijima noma ukudideka
• Ukugula, ukugabha, noma isifo sohudo
• I-hives noma i-rash ebanzi
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Lezi zimpawu zingase zivele ngaphakathi kwamaminithi okuthukuthelwa futhi zingaba yingozi ekuphileni. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha noma usebenzise i-epinephrine auto-injector uma unayo.

Ziyini Izimbangela Zokuqala Kokuthukuthelwa Yinyosi?

Izinyosi zithukuthela njengendlela yokuzivimbela lapho zizizwa zisongelwe noma lapho zivikela i-hive yazo. Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izinyosi zithukuthela kungakusiza ukugwema izimo ezingase zizikhuthaze.

Izinyosi ngokuvamile zizidalwa ezithule ezikhetha ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yazo yokuqoqa i-nectar ne-pollen. Zithukuthela kuphela lapho zibona ingozi kubo noma e-colony yazo.

Izimo ezivamile eziholela ekuthukuthelweni kwezinyosi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhamba phezu kwenyoni ngenkathi uhamba ungagqoki izicathulo
• Ukuhlukumeza i-beehive noma i-nest
• Ukubulala izinyosi noma ukwenza izinyathelo eziphuthumayo
• Ukugqoka imibala eqaqambile noma izitayela zezimbali ezidonsela izinyosi
• Ukuba nemizwa emihle evela eziphumini noma e-lotions
• Ukuphuza iziphuzo ezimnandi ngaphandle

Ngezinye izikhathi izinyosi zivalelwa ezingutsheni noma zibanjwe ezinweleni zakho, okubenza bathukuthele ngokwesaba. Isimo sezulu njengosuku olufudumele, olukhulu lungenza izinyosi zibe nentukuthelo futhi zithukuthele.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngezikhukhula Zezinyosi?

Iningi lezikhukhula zezinyosi lingaphathwa ekhaya ngezindlela ezilula zokuqala. Noma kunjalo, izimo ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-anaphylaxis, njengokuphefumula okunzima, ukuvuvukala okubanzi, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe zimbi ngokushesha futhi zibe yingozi ekuphileni.

Kufanele ubone udokotela uma uqaphela:

• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokuvuvukala okwandayo, ubushushu, noma i-pus
• Imizila ebomvu esakazeka endaweni ethukuthelelweyo
• Ukuqala noma ukuthanda ukubanda ngemva kokuthukuthela
• Ukuvuvukala okuqhubeka nokuba sibi ngemva kwamahora angu-48
• Ukuthukuthelwa okuningi okuhlanganisa indawo enkulu yomzimba wakho

Uma uthukuthelwe ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho noma ehlombe, funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngisho noma kungekho ezinye izimpawu. Ukuvuvukala kulezi zindawo kungavimba indlela yakho yomoya futhi kwenze ukuphefumula kube nzima.

Ziyini Izinto Ezifaka Engozini Yokuphendula Kokuthukuthelwa Yinyosi?

Nakuba noma ubani angathukuthelwa yinyosi, izinto ezithile zikhuphula ingozi yakho yokuba nempendulo embi kakhulu. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezifaka engcupheni kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.

Ingozi yakho yokuphendula okukhulu kwe-allergic ikhuphuka uma unembali yokuphendula okukhulu ngaphambili ezikhukhuleni zezinyosi. Ukuthukuthelwa ngakunye okulandelayo kungase kukhuthaze impendulo enamandla kakhulu esuka esimisweni sakho sokuvikela.

Ezinye izinto ezingase zikhulise ingozi yakho zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba ne-allergies kwezinye izinto ezifana nokudla noma imithi
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile njenge-ACE inhibitors
• Ukuba ne-asthma noma ezinye izimo zokuphefumula
• Ukuba indoda enkulu (kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba nemiphumela emibi)
• Ukusebenza emisebenzini enokuvezwa njalo kwezinyosi

Ubudala bungase futhi bube nomthelela, ngabantwana abancane kakhulu nabantu abadala ngezinye izikhathi babe nemiphumela ebonakalayo. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuphendula okukhulu kwe-allergic kungenzeka kunoma ubani, ngisho noma kungekho izinto ezifaka engcupheni ezicacile.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingase Zivele Ezikhukhuleni Zezinyosi?

Nakuba iningi lezikhukhula zezinyosi liyaphila ngaphandle kwezinkinga, izinkinga zingase zivele ngezinye izikhathi. Ukwazi izinkinga ezingase zivele kukusiza ukuba uqaphele lapho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe kungase kudingeke.

Inkinga ebucayi kakhulu yi-anaphylaxis, engase ibe yingozi uma ingaphathwa ngokushesha. Lokhu ukuthukuthela okukhulu kwe-allergic kuchaphazela izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba futhi kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-epinephrine.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingase zivele zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya ngokukhahlela indawo ethukuthelelweyo
• I-cellulitis (ukutheleleka okunzima kwesikhumba) okudingayo ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
• I-serum sickness-like syndrome evela ekuthukuthelweni okuningi
• Imiphumela enobuthi evela ekuthukuthelweni okuningi (ngokuvamile okungu-10 noma ngaphezulu)

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuthukuthelwa okuningi kwezinyosi kungabangela izinkinga zezinso, ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha, noma izinkinga zokugqoka igazi. Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu lapho umuntu ethola ukuthukuthelwa okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, njengokuphazamisa i-hive yonke.

Iningi lezingqinamba lingavikeleka ngokunakekelwa okuhle kwesilonda nokugwema ukukhahlela noma ukukhetha indawo ethukuthelelweyo. Ukugcina indawo ihlanzekile nokuqapha izimpawu zokutheleleka kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphulukisa okuhle.

Ukuthukuthelwa Yinyosi Kungavikeleka Kanjani?

Ukuvimbela yindlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema ukuthukuthelwa kwezinyosi nezingqinamba zazo ezingase zivele. Izinyathelo ezilula zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokubhekana nezinyosi ezinolaka.

Uma uchitha isikhathi ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwesikhathi esiphezulu somsebenzi wezinyosi kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kokwehla, thatha lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela:

• Gqoka izicathulo ezivaliwe uma uhamba ezindaweni ezinemifino
• Gwema ukugqoka imibala eqaqambile, izitayela zezimbali, noma ubucwebe obukhanya
• Susa ama-perfumes aqinile, ama-lotions anephunga, noma imikhiqizo yezinwele
• Gcina ukudla neziphuzo ezimnandi kuvaliwe ngesikhathi semisebenzi yangaphandle
• Hlala uzolile futhi uhambe kancane uma izinyosi ziseduze
• Hlola iziphuzo ngezinyosi ngaphambi kokuthatha isiphuzo

Uma uhlangana nenyoni, melana nesifiso sokuyibulala noma ukwenza izinyathelo eziphuthumayo. Esikhundleni salokho, hlala uzolile noma uhambe kancane futhi uzolile. Izinyosi azikuthukutheli uma zingazizwa zisongelwe.

Kubantu abana-allergies ezinkulu ezaziwayo, ukuphatha i-epinephrine auto-injector nokugqoka ubucwebe be-medical alert kungaba izinyathelo zokuvimbela eziphethe impilo.

Ukuthukuthelwa Yinyosi Kuhlolwa Kanjani?

Ukuhlola ukuthukuthelwa yinyosi ngokuvamile kulula ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nembali yakamuva yokuvezwa kwezinyosi. Udokotela wakho uzogxila ikakhulu ekuhlolweni kobunzima bomphumela wakho nokugwema izinkinga.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola indawo ethukuthelelweyo bese ebuza ngesikhathi sokuthukuthelwa, uhlobo lwenyoni oluhilelekile uma lwaziwa, kanye nezimpawu ozihlangabezane nazo. Bazobheka izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izindlela zokuvuvukala ezingavamile.

Uma ube nemiphumela emibi, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy ukuqinisekisa ukululama ebuthini bezinyosi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqapha impendulo yesistimu yakho yokuvikela kumaprotheni ebuthi bezinyosi.

Ezimweni zokuthukuthelwa okuningi noma imiphumela emibi, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungase kuhlanganise umsebenzi wegazi ukuhlola izinkinga ezifana nomsebenzi wezinso noma izimpawu zokuvuvukala okubanzi. Noma kunjalo, le mihlola idingeka kuphela ezimweni ezinkulu.

Iyini Ukwelashwa Kokuthukuthelwa Yinyosi?

Ukwelashwa kokuthukuthelwa kwezinyosi kugxila ekuphatheni izimpawu, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, nokuqapha izimpawu zokuphendula okukhulu. Iningi lezikhukhula lingaphathwa kahle ngezindlela ezilula zokuqala nemithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukususa umsila uma usesesikhunwini sakho. Ukuwukhahlela ngenxeba noma ngecala lekhadi lesikweletu kunokusebenzisa i-tweezers, engase icindezele ubuthi obuningi esilondeni.

Izinyathelo zokwelashwa ngokushesha zihlanganisa:

1. Susa umsila ngokushesha ukuze ube ngaphansi kokufaka ubuthi
2. Hlanza indawo ngesepu namanzi
3. Faka i-compress ebandayo imizuzu engu-10-15
4. Thatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi uma kudingeka
5. Faka i-antihistamine yendawo noma i-calamine lotion yokukhahlela

Ngokuthukuthela okukhulu kwe-allergic, ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-epinephrine kubalulekile. Kufanele kubizwe izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo, futhi umuntu kufanele aqashwe eduze ngisho nasemuva kokuphathwa kwe-epinephrine.

Udokotela wakho angase alayishe imithi enamandla ngokuphendula okukhulu kwendawo, kuhlanganise ne-antihistamines yomlomo, ama-steroids wendawo, noma izifundo ezifushane ze-corticosteroids yomlomo ukuze kunciphise ukuvuvukala okukhulu.

Indlela Yokwelapha Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Sokuthukuthelwa Yinyosi?

Ukwelapha ekhaya kungaphatha kahle iningi lezimpawu zokuthukuthelwa yinyosi futhi kukhuthaze ukuphulukisa okusheshayo. Ikhona ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha nokuqapha indawo ethukuthelelweyo nganoma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu.

Qhubeka ufaka ama-compresses abandayo amahora angu-24 okuqala ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala futhi uthulise ubuhlungu. Ungasebenzisa iqhwa eligoqwe ngendwangu efinyelela noma isikhwama sezithelo eziqandisiwe, ufake imizuzu engu-10-15 ngesikhathi.

Izinketho zokulawula ubuhlungu zihlanganisa:

• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi njenge-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen
• Ama-creams okuthula ubuhlungu wendawo aqukethe i-lidocaine
• Ama-antihistamines omhlathi njenge-diphenhydramine yokukhahlela
• I-calamine lotion noma i-hydrocortisone cream yokukhathazeka kwendawo

Gcina indawo ethukuthelelweyo ihlanzekile futhi yomile, ugeze kancane ngesepu namanzi kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Gwema ukukhahlela indawo, njengoba lokhu kungafaka ibhaktheriya futhi kulibale ukuphulukisa.

Izindlela zokwelapha zemvelo ezinye izinto ezihlala zizizwa ziwusizo zihlanganisa ukufaka uju, i-baking soda paste, noma i-aloe vera gel endaweni ethukuthelelweyo. Nakuba lokhu kungakaqinisekiswanga ngokwesayensi, ngokuvamile kuphephile futhi kungase kunikeze induduzo.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kulodokotela?

Uma udinga ukubona udokotela ngokuqala kokuthukuthelwa yinyosi, ukulungiselela kungakusiza ukuba wenze kakhulu i-appointment yakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, bhala imininingwane ngesigameko sokuthukuthelwa kuhlanganise nokuthi senzeke nini, ukuthi uthukuthelwe kuphi emzimbeni wakho, nohlobo lwenyoni oluhilelekile uma uyazi. Phawula futhi zonke izimpawu ozihlangabezane nazo nesikhathi sazo.

Letha ulwazi mayelana:

• Imithi yamanje nezinsiza ozithathayo
• Ukuphendula kwe-allergic ngaphambili ezikhukhuleni zezinyosi
• Ezinye i-allergies onayo ekudleni, imithi, noma izinto ezingaphandle
• Noma yikuphi ukwelashwa osekufunayo ekhaya
• Izithombe zendawo ethukuthelelweyo uma ukuvuvukala bekukhulu

Lungiselela imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi udinga ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy, nini okufanele ufunani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kwesikhathi esizayo, noma ukuthi kufanele uthwale i-epinephrine auto-injector.

Uma lokhu kuyivijini yokuqala yokuphendula okukhulu, cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni elingakusiza ukuba likukhuthaze futhi likhumbule imininingwane ebalulekile exoxwe ngayo ngesikhathi se-appointment.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Mayelana Nokuqala Kokuthukuthelwa Yinyosi?

Ukuthukuthelwa kwezinyosi kuyizinto ezivamile ezibangela ubuhlungu besikhashana futhi zingaphathwa kahle ekhaya. Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nobuhlungu bendawo, ukuvuvukala, nokuvuvukala okuyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukubona umehluko phakathi kokuphendula okuvamile nokuphawula okukhulu kwe-allergic. Nakuba ukuphendula okukhulu kungavamile, kungaba yingozi ekuphileni futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ukuvimbela ngezinyathelo ezilula yindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokuzivimbela ekuthukuthelweni kwezinyosi. Lapho ukuthukuthelwa kwenzeka, ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha nokunakekelwa okuhle ekhaya ngokuvamile kuholela ekuphulukiseni okusheshayo.

Uma uke waba nemiphumela emibi ngaphambili, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze wenze uhlelo lokusebenza oluhlanganisa ukuphatha imithi ephuthumayo nokukwazi ukuthi nini okufanele ufunani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngokulungiselela okuhle nolwazi, ungajabulela imisebenzi yangaphandle ngenkathi unciphise ingozi yakho yezinkinga zokuthukuthelwa yinyosi.

Imibuzo Evamile Mayelana Nokuqala Kokuthukuthelwa Yinyosi

Q.1 Ubuhlungu bokuthukuthelwa yinyosi buhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubuhlungu obukhulu bokuqala bokuthukuthelwa yinyosi ngokuvamile buhlala imizuzu embalwa kuya ku-hora elilodwa. Ungase uhlangabezane nobuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside nobuhlungu ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2 njengoba ukuvuvukala kuya kukhula. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi nama-compresses abandayo aphatha kahle ubuhlungu ngalesi sikhathi.

Q.2 Kufanele ngiqhapheze i-blister ethukuthelelwe yinyosi?

Cha, akufanele uqhapheze noma ukhanyise i-blister eyenziwe ngemva kokuthukuthelwa yinyosi. I-blister iyindlela yomzimba wakho yokuvikela inyama eyonakele ngaphansi kwayo ngenkathi iphulukisa. Ukuyiqhapheza kukhuphula ingozi yokutheleleka ngebhaktheriya futhi kungalibala ukuphulukisa. Esikhundleni salokho, gcina indawo ihlanzekile futhi ivaliwe ngebandage uma kudingeka.

Q.3 Ungaba ne-allergy ekuthukuthelweni kwezinyosi kamuva ekuphileni?

Yebo, ungaba ne-allergies ekuthukuthelweni kwezinyosi kunoma yiliphi iminyaka, ngisho noma uke wathukuthelwa ngaphambili ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Isistimu yakho yokuvikela ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ukuvezwa njalo ebuthini bezinyosi ngezinye izikhathi kungase kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwe-allergic sensitivities. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuqapha ukuphendula kwakho ekuthukuthelweni kulo lonke impilo yakho.

Q.4 Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuthukuthelwa yinyosi, i-wasp, ne-hornet?

Ukuthukuthelwa kwezinyosi ngokuvamile kushiya umsila oqinele esikhunwini sakho futhi inyoni ife ngemva kokuthukuthela. Ama-wasps nama-hornets anemisila ebushelelezi avumela ukuba athukuthele izikhathi eziningi. Ukuthukuthelwa kwe-wasp ne-hornet ngokuvamile kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokushesha, kuyilapho ukuthukuthelwa kwezinyosi kungase kube nokuvuvukala okuningi. Indlela yokwelapha ifana ngezinhlobo ezintathu zokuthukuthela.

Q.5 Zingaki izikhukhula zezinyosi ezingaba yingozi?

Kubantu abaningi abangenayo i-allergies, ngokuvamile kudinga okungu-10 noma ngaphezulu ukuthukuthelwa ukuze kube nemiphumela emibi enobuthi. Noma kunjalo, ngisho nokuthukuthelwa okukodwa kungaba yingozi ekuphileni komuntu onale-allergy enkulu ebuthini bezinyosi. Abantwana nabantu abadala abancani bangase babe nomuzwa omkhulu ekuthukuthelweni okuningi ngenxa yosayizi womzimba wabo. Uma uthola ukuthukuthelwa okuningi, ziqaphe eduze futhi ufunani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uthola izimpawu ezinkulu.