Ukutheleleka Kwamathambo Nezinhlangothi: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukutheleleka kwamathambo nezinhlangothi kuyizimo ezinzima lapho amabhaktheriya anobungozi, amagciwane, noma ezinye izinzalo zingena emathanbeni akho noma ezindaweni ezikhipha izinhlangothi zakho. Lezi zifo, ezaziwa ngokuthi yi-osteomyelitis emathanbeni ne-septic arthritis ezinhlangothini, zingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuphazamiseka uma zingaphathwa ngokushesha.

Nakuba lezi zifo zingase zizwe ziyesabekayo, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele, abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele. Isistimu yakho yokukhulula umzimba isebenza kanzima ukulwa nalezi zifo, futhi ama-antibiotics esimanje aphelele kakhulu ekususeni izinzalo ezingumthombo wenkinga.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka kwamathambo nezinhlangothi?

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwamathambo nezinhlangothi zingase zihluke kuye kokuthi ukutheleleka kwenzeka kuphi nokuthi kubi kangakanani. Umzimba wakho ngokuvamile uthumela izibonakaliso ezicacile zokuthi kukhona okudinga ukunakekelwa.

Ekuthelelekeni kwamathambo, ungase uqaphele ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo, obujulile endaweni ethintekileyo obukhulu ngokunyakaza noma ngokucindezela. Ubuhlungu bungase buhluke ezinhlungwini zamasikazi evamile – ngokuvamile bukhulu futhi abulungi ngokuphumula.

Ukutheleleka kwezinhlangothi ngokuvamile kubangela ukuqala okusheshayo kobuhlungu obukhulu, ukukhuluphala, nokushisa eduze nenhlangothi ethintekile. Ungase uthole kunzima noma akunakwenzeka ukunyakaza inhlangothi ngokujwayelekile, futhi ingase izizwe iqine noma ivaliwe.

Nawa ama-symptom avamile ongawathola:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo, obuthintayo obukhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukukhuluphala, ubomvu, noma ukushisa phezu kwendawo ethintekile
• Ukuvutha nokubanda, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni
• Ubunzima bokuhambisa ithambo noma inhlangothi ethintekile
• Ukukhathala nokukhathazeka ngokujwayelekile
• Ukuphuma noma i-pus ehlangothini oluvulekile eduze nendawo yokutheleleka

Ezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngezifo ezibambezelele, izimpawu zingase zivele kancane kancane ezinyangeni noma emakhulwini. Ungase uhlushwe ubuhlungu obungapheli, ukukhula okuncane, noma umuzwa ovamile wokuthi kukhona okungalungile kuleyo ndawo yomzimba wakho.

Abantwana nabantu abadala bangase babonise izimpawu ezihlukile kancane, kufaka phakathi ukucasuka, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, noma ukungathandi ukusebenzisa uhlangothi oluthintekile. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma zihlangene nokuqabuka, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela ukutheleleka kwamafu nomgogodla?

Ukutheleleka kwamafu nomgogodla kwenzeka lapho ama-germ abangela ubuhlungu ethola indlela yawo kulezi zindawo zomzimba wakho ezingcolile. Isibonakaliso esivamile yiluhlobo lwebhaktheriya elibizwa nge-Staphylococcus aureus, nakuba izinto eziphilayo eziningi ezahlukene zingabangela lezi zifo.

Lezi zifo zivame ukwenzeka ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko. Okokuqala, ama-germ angangena ngqo ngesilonda esivulekile, isiqeshana sokuhlinzwa, noma indawo yokugcoba. Okwesibili, ukutheleleka kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho kungasakazeka ngegazi lakho ukuze kufinyelele amafu nomgogodla. Okwesithathu, ukutheleleka ezihlangene zingase zande kancane kancane ziye emathanjeni noma ezindaweni zomgogodla.

Ake sibheke izindlela ezithile lezi zifo ezingathuthuka ngazo:

• Ukungcola ngqo okuvela ekulimala, ekuhlinzweni, noma ezindleleni zokwelapha
• Ukubhebhetheka okuvela ezifweni zesikhumba, e-pneumonia, noma ezifweni zomgogodla
• Izinkinga ezivela ekuhlinzweni kokufakwa komgogodla noma ezinye izinto ezifakwe
• Ukubhebhetheka okuvela ezifweni zesikhumba eziseduze
• Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokugcoba, okuyindlela yokufaka ibhaktheriya ngqo egazini
• Izihlamba zezinyawo ze-Diabetic eziqala ukutheleleka bese zisakazeka emathanjeni

Ngesinye isikhathi, ukutheleleka kungase kuqale kungabonakali izimbangela ezicacile, ikakhulukazi kubantwana lapho ukutheleleka kungase kuqale ezingxenyeni zokukhula zamagciwane. Emacaleni ambalwa, izinto ezingavamile njengebhaktheriya ye-tuberculosis noma ama-fungi athile angabangela le miheleleko, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesistimu yokuvikela umzimba ebuthakathaka.

Ubungozi bakho bokuthola le miheleleko buyakhula uma unezimo ezihlasela isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba, ukugeleza okubi kwegazi, noma uma usanda kwenza ukuhlinzwa noma ukulimala endaweni. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani ukwelashwa ngokushesha kwamacala nokutheleleka okunye kubaluleke kangaka.

Nini kufanele ubheke udokotela ngenxa yokutheleleka kwamagciwane namalunga?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu obukhulu bejoyinti oluhambisana nokuqhuma, ikakhulukazi uma ubuhlungu buqale ngokuzumayo futhi buya bukhulu. Lezi zikhathi zihlanganisa zibonisa ukutheleleka okukhulu okudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Ungalindi uma ubona izimpawu zokutheleleka eduze kwendawo yokuhlinzwa, isifo, noma indawo yokugcoba. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela ukutheleleka ukusabalala kuya emathanjeni noma ezingxenyeni zomzimba.

Nazi izimo ezidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bejoyinti obuzumayo obuhambisana nokuqhuma nokubanda
• Ukungenakukwazi ukuhambisa ijoyinti ngokujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ngokukhulu nokufudumeleka
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo bomathanga obungaphuli ngokuphumula noma imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka eduze kwendawo yokuhlinzwa, ukulimala, noma ukugcoba
• Ukuqothuka, i-pus, noma ukukhishwa okungavamile eziphondweni
• Ukuqhuma okubomvu okuvela esiveni noma endaweni etheleleke

Uma une-diabetes, isimiso sokuvikela umzimba esibuthakathaka, noma amalunga okwenziwe, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu mayelana nokufuna ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Lezi zimo zingenza ukutheleleka kube nzima kakhulu futhi kube nzima ukwelapha.

Ezimo yizimo ezingathi sína kakhulu, njengokuba ubuhlungu lwamathambo oluqala kancane kancane noma ukungakhululeki okuncane kwamajozi, kufanele usazihlele isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kuhlale kuholela eziphumeleni ezingcono futhi kungavimbela izinkinga.

Yini izimbangela zengozi zezifo zamathambo namajozi?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okuba nezifo zamathambo namajozi. Ukuqonda lezi zici zengozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele futhi ufuna ukunakekelwa uma kudingeka.

Abantu abanesistimu yokuvikela umzimba ebuthakathaka banengozi enkulu kakhulu ngoba imizimba yabo ayikwazi ukulwa nezifo ezifakelayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abantu abane-diabetes, i-HIV/AIDS, umdlavuza, noma labo abasebenzisa imithi yokucindezela isimiso sokuvikela umzimba.

Ubudala budlala indima ebalulekile, ngabantwana abancinyane kakhulu nabantu abadala abaningi abathinteka kakhulu. Kubantwana, izindawo ezikhula zamathambo zinegazi eliningi elingavumela izifo ukuba zithathe kalula.

Izimbangela zengozi ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwamuva, ikakhulukazi ukufakwa kwamajozi noma izinqubo zamathambo
• Ukuphuka okukhulu noma izilonda ezijulile eziveza amathambo
• Izimo ezingapheli njenge-diabetes, isifo sokugaya, noma izifo zokuziphatha komzimba
• Amajoni, iziplate, izikrufu, noma ezinye izinto ezifakwe
• Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa nge-intravenous noma ukugonywa okuvamile
• Ukugijima kwengcindezi okubi noma isifo se-peripheral vascular
• Izimo zesikhumba ezingapheli noma izilonda zokucindezela
• Izifo zamathambo noma amajozi ngaphambili

Izici ezithile zokuphila zingandisa ingozi, kuhlanganise ukubhema, okulimaza ukuphulukisa nokusebenza kwesistimu yokuvikela umzimba, nokudla okungekuhle, okuqeda amandla omzimba wakho okulwa nezifo.

Uma unezici eziningi zengozi, akusho ukuthi uzoba nesifo ngokuqinisekile, kodwa kusho ukuthi kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngokunakekelwa kwezilonda, ulandele iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokucophelela, futhi ufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokutheleleka kwamafu namalunga?

Nakuba ukutheleleka kwamafu namalunga kuningi okuphendula kahle ekwelapheni, amanye angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu uma engaqaphelwa ngokushesha. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingase zenzeke kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kangaka.

Into ephambili kakhulu ukukhathazeka ngayo ukuthi ukutheleleka kungasakazeka ezinhlwini ezizungezile noma kungene egazini lakho, okungenzeka kubangele i-sepsis eyingozi impilo. Yingakho izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ophezulu, ukuthuthumela, nokuzizwa ugula kakhulu zidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha.

Ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo noma okungaphathwe kungalimaza amafu namalunga unomphela. Ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kungabhubhisa inyama yefu, okuholela ezindaweni zefu efile okuyiminkantsha ukuphulukisa futhi kungadingeka ukususwa ngokusebenza.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukwenzakala kwamahlunga unomphela noma i-arthritis
• Ukufa kwefu (osteonecrosis) okudinga ukususwa ngokusebenza
• Ukutheleleka kusakazeke ezindaweni ezizungezile noma egazini
• Ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo, okuphindaphindayo okunzima ukuphulukisa
• Izinkinga zokukhula kubantwana uma ukutheleleka kulimaza izindawo zokukhula
• Ukudingeka kokufakwa kwamahlunga amasha noma ukusebenza okukhulu kwefu

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukutheleleka kungabangela ama-abscesses noma izikhwama ze-pus ezidinga ukususwa ngokusebenza. Abanye abantu bangathuthukisa ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma ukungakwazi ukuhamba kahle ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okusheshayo, okufanele, abantu abaningi bagwema lezi zinkinga ngokuphelele. Ama-antibiotics namasu okuhlinzeka okwamanje aqhubekisele phambili imiphumela yokutheleleka kwamafu namalunga, okwenza ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele kube yilona iphuthumayo ezimweni eziningi.

Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwamafu namalunga kungenzeka kanjani?

Ukuvimbela kugxile ekunciphiseni ingozi yakho yokufaka ama-germs emafweni nakumalungeni akho, nokulondoloza impilo enhle jikelele ukusiza isimiso sakho sokuvikela ukulwa nokutheleleka okungenzeka.

Ukukhathalela kahle isifo esiqwini kuyinye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvikela. Hlanza noma yimaphi amacala, ukukhahlela, noma amaqhaga ngokushesha ngensipho namanzi, sebenzisa i-ointment ye-antibiotic, uwabeke ngebhande elihlanzekile kuze kube yilapho elulamile.

Uma une-diabetes noma ezinye izimo eziphazamisa ukululama, qaphela kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo bese uhlola izinyawo zakho nsuku zonke ukuze ubone noma yimaphi amacala, amaqhaga, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka. Ngisho namaqhaga amancane angaba yingozi uma engaqondwa kahle.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvikela zifaka:

• Ukugcina amaqhaga ehlanzekile futhi eboshiwe kahle
• Ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha kunoma iyiphi impikiswano yesikhumba noma ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezithambile
• Ukulandela imiyalelo yokunakekelwa ngemuva kokucutshungulwa ngokucophelela
• Ukugcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle kanye nemikhuba yokugeza izandla
• Ukuphatha izimo ezingapheli njenge-diabetes ngokuphumelelayo
• Ukugwema ukwabelana ngezindlela noma eminye imishini yokugcoba
• Ukuthola ukugonywa okunconywayo ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okuthile

Uma unezinhlangothi ezincane noma izifaki, udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukuba uthathe ama-antibiotic ngaphambi kokwenza izinqubo zokwelapha ezithile ukuvimbela ibhaktheriya ukungena egazini lakho.

Ukuzivocavoca njalo, ukudla okuhle, nokuqeda ukubhema konke kusiza ekuqondeni isimiso somzimba esinamandla esingalwa kangcono nokutheleleka. Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izifo, lezi zinyathelo zunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho futhi zithuthukise ikhono lomzimba wakho lokuphulukisa uma kwenzeka izinkinga.

Ukutheleleka kwamafu nomgogodla kuxilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilonga ukutheleleka kwamafu nomgogodla kudinga ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlolwa komzimba, ukuhlolwa kwelebhu, nokufunda izithombe. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, nanoma yiziphi izikhathi zakamuva noma izinqubo.

Phakathi kokuhlolwa komzimba, udokotela wakho uzobuka izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokuvuvukala, ubomvu, ubushushu, nobuhlungu. Bazohlola futhi ukuthi ukwazi kangakanani ukuhambisa indawo ethintekile futhi ubone noma yikuphi ukopha noma amaqhaga.

Izivivinyo zegazi zidlalela indima ebalulekile ekuxilongeni. Lezi zingabonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka emzimbeni wakho wonke, njengokwanda kwezinhlanzi ezimhlophe zegazi kanye nezimpawu zokuvuvukala ezifana ne-C-reactive protein ne-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).

Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise izindlela eziningi zokuxilonga:

• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka nokuvuvukala
• Izithombe ze-X-ray ukubuka ukulimala kwamathambo, nakuba ukutheleleka okuqalayo kungase kungabonakali
• Izithombe ze-MRI noma i-CT scans ukuthola izithombe ezinemininingwane yamathambo, izikhonkwane, namalungu omzimba abuthakathaka
• Ukukopisha amathambo usebenzisa izinto ezisebenza nge-radioactive ukuthola izindawo zokutheleleka
• Ukukhipha isikhonkwane ukuthola nokuhlola i-fluid evela ezikhonkwaneni eziyisiyale
• I-biopsy yethambo ezimweni ezithile ukuthola umdlavuza othile

Ivivinyo elibaluleke kakhulu ngokuvamile ukubona i-germ ethile ebangela ukutheleleka. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukuhlola igazi, i-fluid yesikhonkwane, noma amasampula e-tissue ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yiziphi izidakamizwa ezizoqina kakhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuxilonga kungaba inselele, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala noma ezikhuthelekeni ezihlala isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukupinda izivivinyo noma asebenzise izindlela eziningi zokuthola izithombe ukuze athole umbono ophelele walokho okwenzekayo.

Iyini impilo yokwelapha ukutheleleka kwamathambo nezicubu?

Ukuphathwa kokutheleleka kwamathambo nezicubu ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibiotics kanye ngezinye izikhathi ubuyekezo. Indlela ethile ixhomeke ohlotsheni lokutheleleka, ukuthi iyiphi i-organism elibangela, nokuthi ukutheleleka kuye kwaba sibi kangakanani.

I-Antibiotics iyisisekelo sokwelashwa futhi ngokuvamile inikezwa nge-intravenously (ngokusebenzisa i-IV) ekuqaleni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga aphezulu afinyelela endaweni eyonakele. Ukukhethwa kwe-antibiotic kuncike kubhaktheriya ethile noma i-organism etholiwe ngokuhlola.

Ngokutheleleka kwezikhonkwane, udokotela wakho angase adinge ukukhipha i-fluid eyonakele endaweni yesikhonkwane. Lokhu kungenziwa ngenhlanzi ehhovisi noma kungase kudinge ukukhipha ubuyekezo e-operating room.

Izindlela zokwelapha ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:

• Ama-antibiotics asetshenziswa nge-intravenous izinsuku eziningi, ngokuvamile amasonto angu-4-6
• Ukususa isikhunta esithathelwe isifo ukuze kususwe isifutho esithathelwe isifo futhi kunciphisiwe uxinzelelo
• Ukuhlanza ngokusebenza (ukusika) ukususa inyama ethathelwe isifo
• Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngemithi efanele
• Ukuqeqeshwa komzimba ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi wamajoyinti futhi kuvinjelwe ubunzima
• Ukuphathwa kwezimo ezingaphansi ezingase zibe yimbangela yokutheleleka

Ezimweni ezinzima, ukusebenza ngokusebenza kungadingeka ukususa inyama yamathambo efile, ukuphuma ama-abscesses, noma ngisho nokuqeda amajoyinti abuthakathaka. Uma unezinto zokufaka ezingokwenziwa, kungadingeka zisuswe okwesikhashana noma unomphela.

Ubude bokuqeqeshwa buyahluka kodwa ngokuvamile buhlala amasonto amaningana kuya ezinyangeni. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho ngezivivinyo zegazi nezifundo zokubonisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuphendula ekwelapheni.

Indlela yokuphatha ukutheleleka kwamathambo namajoyinti ekhaya?

Ukukhathalela ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile yokusekela ekuphulukiseni kwakho, nakuba kungalokothi kuthathe indawo yokwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Umsebenzi wakho oyinhloko ukulandela imiyalo yodokotela wakho ngokucophelela futhi uqaphele noma yikuphi ukuguquka esimweni sakho.

Ukuthatha ama-antibiotics ngokuqondile njengoba kuqokiwe kubalulekile ukuphumelela. Ungaphuthi izilinganiso noma uyeke ngokushesha, ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono. Ikhosi ephelele iyadingeka ukususa ngokuphelele ukutheleleka nokuvimbela ukubuya kwako.

Ukuphumula kubalulekile, kodwa kunjalo nokuhamba okuthambile njengoba kunconywe yiqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo. Ukunganyakazi ngokuphelele kungabangela ubunzima nobuthakathaka bemisipha, kuyilapho ukusebenza okuningi kungenza kube kubi ukutheleleka.

Ukukhathalela ekhaya okusekela kuhlanganisa:

• Ukuthatha wonke amaphilisi njengoba kulotshiwe
• Ukubekisa iqhwa noma ukushisa njengoba kunconywe ukuqeda ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala
• Ukuphakamisa ilungu elinobuhlungu uma kungenzeka ukuqeda ukuvuvukala
• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo ukuze kusize ekwelapheni nasekuqinisweni komzimba
• Ukuphumula ngokwanele ngesikhathi ulandela imithetho yokusebenza
• Ukuhlanza nokugcina izembozo zezopho ziwomile
• Ukubheka izimpawu zokutheleleka okukhulu

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kubalulekile kokubili ukududuza nokwelapha. Sebenzisa imithi ephikisana nobuhlungu njengoba kunconywe, futhi ungangabazi ukuthintana nodokotela wakho uma ubuhlungu bukhulu kakhulu noma abulaweli ngemithi.

Gcina zonke izikhathi zokubuyela kokwelashwa, ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono. Udokotela wakho udinga ukubona intuthuko yakho futhi angadinga ukulungisa ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe endleleni obuyisayo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani isikhathi sakho sokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela isikhathi sakho sokuya kudokotela kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nokuphathwa okuqondile. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi ziguquke kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ozithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokwelapha, imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwelayisensi, kanye nezinye izinto. Phawula futhi noma yiziphi izifo zokuzalwa noma izinkinga ezibe khona esikhathini esidlule.

Umlando wakho wezokwelapha ubalulekile, ngakho-ke lungela ukuxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinqubo zakamuva zokuthunga, ukulimala, noma ukutheleleka. Uma unezimo ezingapheli njengoshukela noma izinkinga zesimiso somzimba, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma ngazo.

Ulwazi lokulungiselela luhlanganisa:

• Isikhathi esiphelele sezimo ngemininingwane ecacile mayelana nobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokuqabuka
• Uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ezikhona kanye nezinga lazo
• Izinqubo zakamuva zezokwelapha, ukuthunga, noma ukulimala
• Noma yikuphi ukutheleleka kwangaphambili kwamathambo noma amajoyinti
• Izimo zezokwelapha ezingapheli nokuthi zilawulwa kangcono kanjani
• Imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha nokuthi yini okulindelekile

Ungangabazi ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ozokusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi ubuze imibuzo. Ngezinye izikhathi kusiza ukuba kube nomuntu omunye okhona ngesikhathi soxhumano lwezokwelapha.

Bhala imibuzo yakho kusengaphambili ukuze ungayikhohlwa ngesikhathi sokudokotela. Buza ngezinketho zokwelashwa, isikhathi sokuphulukiswa okulindelekile, nanoma yiziphi izinkinga emisebenzini yakho.

Iyini into ebalulekile ngezifo zethambo nezinhlangothi?

Izifo zethambo nezinhlangothi yizimo ezinzima ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha, kodwa zilawuleka kakhulu uma zitholakala ekuqaleni. Okubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zexwayiso nokuthola ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kunokulindela ukuthi izimpawu ziyothuthuka zodwa.

Ama-antibiotic namasu okuhlinzwa amanje ayaluthuthukisile kakhulu iziphumo zalezi zifo. Abantu abaningi abamukela ukwelashwa okufanele bayaphulile ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside.

Ukuvimbela ngokunakekelwa okuhle kwezinyanga, ukuphatha izimo ezingapheli, nokugcina impilo yonke yindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokulwa nalezi zifo. Uma uthola izimpawu, khumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuholela eziphumeni ezinhle nokubuyiselwa okusheshayo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ubuhlungu obukhulu bezinhlangothi ngomkhuhlane, noma ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo bethambo obuya bukhulu, kudinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Themba izinzwa zakho – uma kukhona okungalungile, kuhlale kungcono ukufuna ukunakekelwa futhi uqinisekiswe kunokulinda futhi ubeke engcupheni izinkinga.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngezifo zethambo nezinhlangothi

Ingabe izifo zethambo nezinhlangothi zingaphulile ngokuphelele?

Yebo, iningi lezifo zethambo nezinhlangothi lingaphulile ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele kwe-antibiotic. Okubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ekuqaleni nokuphelelisa inkambo ephelele yama-antibiotic njengoba kulotshiwe. Ezinye izifo ezingapheli noma eziyinkimbinkimbi zingadinga ukwelashwa okude noma ukuhlinzwa, kepha amazinga okuphulukisa ahlala aphezulu ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Ukuwelapha kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha amasonto angu-4-6 kubuningi bezifo zethambo nezinhlangothi, kusetshenziswa ama-antibiotics nge-intravenously ekuqaleni bese kuguqulwa ku-oral antibiotics. Ezinye izifo zingadinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi uma zihilela izinto ezifakwe noma sezibe yizifo ezinkulu. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho futhi alungise isikhathi sokwelapha ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwakho.

Ngingadinga ukuhlinzwa yini ngenxa yesifo sethambo noma esinhlangothini?

Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuqeda i-fluid elimele, ukususa inyama efile, noma ukulungisa izinkinga. Izifo zezinhlangothi zivame ukudinga ukuqeda i-fluid elimele, kuyilapho izifo zethambo zingadinga ukuhlanzwa ngokuhlinzwa uma kukhona ukufa okukhulu kwenyama. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka yini ngokusekelwe ebukhali nendawo yesifo sakho.

Ingabuya yini lezi zifo ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Ukuphinda kuvela kungenzeka kodwa akuvamile uma izifo zilawulwa kahle. Ukulandela ikhosi yakho ephelele ye-antibiotic nokuya kuyo yonke imiqondiso yokulandelela kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphinda kuvele. Abantu abanezinhlangothi ezifakwe noma izimo ezithile ezinkulu bangaba nengozi encane yokuthola izifo ezintsha, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi isifo sokuqala sibuyile.

Ingabe izifo zethambo nezinhlangothi ziyanda?

Cha, izifo zethambo nezinhlangothi azidluli kubantu. Awukwazi ukuthola lezi zifo ngokuba eduze komuntu onazo. I-bacteria noma izinto eziphilayo ezibangela lezi zifo ngokuvamile zingena ngezilonda, zisakazeke kwezinye izifo emzimbeni wakho, noma zenzeke ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kunokudluliselwa phakathi kwabantu.