Ukuthini i-Broken Heart Syndrome? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

I-Broken heart syndrome iyisimo sezempilo sangempela lapho inhliziyo yakho ihluleka okwesikhashana ngemuva kokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba. Ebizwa nangokuthi i-stress cardiomyopathy noma i-takotsubo syndrome, ifana nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo kodwa ayinamahlathini avinjelwe. Imisipha yenhliziyo yakho iyashintsha ngokoqobo, idala ukukhula okufana nesitsha sokuloba samaJapane esibizwa ngokuthi "takotsubo."

Lesi simo sithinta kakhulu abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, yize singenzeka kunoma ubani. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-broken heart syndrome ngokuvamile iyisikhashana futhi iyakulungiseka ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-broken heart syndrome?

Izimpawu zizwakala zifana kakhulu nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo, kungakho abantu abaningi basabela ngokushesha baye esibhedlela. Ungase uhlushwe ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obuzwakala njengokucindezela noma ukucindezela.

Nawa ama-zimpawu ayinhloko okufanele uwabuke:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba obukhulu obuqala ngokuzumayo
• Ukuqina komoya noma ubunzima bokuqina komoya
• Izingozi zenhliziyo ezisheshayo noma ezingavamile
• Ukudideka noma ukuzwela ukukhanya
• Ukuphefumula noma ukugabha
• Ukukhipha ukushisa okungaphezu kokujwayelekile
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala
• Ubuhlungu obuya esandleni, entanyeni, noma emaxwini

Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zivela ngemizuzu kuya emahoreni ngemuva kwesenzakalo esicindezelayo. Ngokungafani nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu bungase buye buze buhambe kunokuba buhlale bukhona. Uma uhlushwa yilezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngoba ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-broken heart syndrome nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo kudinga ukulingwa kwabasebenzi bezempilo.

Yini ebangela i-broken heart syndrome?

I-Broken heart syndrome kwenzeka lapho ukucindezeleka okuzumayo kugcwalisa umzimba wakho ngamahomoni afana ne-adrenaline ne-noradrenaline. La mahomoni ocindezeleko ahlukanisa ngokwesikhashana umsipha wenhliziyo, okubangela ukuba apompe ngokungalungi futhi ashintshe isisindo.

Izici ezingokomzwelo ezingaqala lesi simo zifaka:

• Ukufa komuntu omthandayo
• Ukuhlukanisa noma ukuphela kobuhlobo
• Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi noma ukucindezeleka kwezezimali
• Ukuxilongwa kwesifo esinzima
• Izingozi zemvelo noma ezingozi
• Ukwethuka okukhulu noma izimpawu zokukhathazeka
• Imibuthano emangalisayo noma izindaba ezimangalisayo (ngisho nezinhle)

Izici ezingokomzimba zingase futhi ziqale i-broken heart syndrome:

• Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu noma izinqubo zezokwelapha
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukutheleleka
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bomzimba
• Imithi ethile noma izidakamizwa ezingamthetho
• Ukuzivocavoca okukhulu komzimba
• Izihlaselo ze-asthma ezinkulu
• Ukushintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokucindezela kwegazi

Ngokuthakazelisayo, cishe u-30% wezimo kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesici esibonakalayo. Umzimba wakho ungase ube nokuzwela okukhulu kumahomoni ocindezeleko, okukwenza ube sengozini ngisho nasezinseleleni zansuku zonke.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-broken heart syndrome?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuqina komoya, noma ezinye izimpawu zokuhlushwa kwenhliziyo. Ungazami ukuzixilonga noma ulinde ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka yini.

Shaya u-911 noma uhambe esibhedlela ngokushesha uma una:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba obukhulu obuzumayo
• Ubunzima bokuqina komoya noma ukubamba umoya
• Ukuhlupheka noma ukudideka okukhulu
• Izingozi zenhliziyo ezisheshayo noma ezinzima kakhulu
• Ukuphefumula okukhulu kanye nokungakhululeki kwesifuba

Ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi kungase kube "ukucindezeleka nje," lezi zimpawu zidinga ukulingwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Odokotela bezimo eziphuthumayo bangakwazi ngokushesha ukuthola ukuthi uhlushwa yini ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo noma i-broken heart syndrome ngokuhlola njenge-EKG nomsebenzi wegazi.

Ngemva kwesigaba esibuhlungu, cwangcisa ukuvakasha okulandelayo nodokotela wezinhliziyo. Bazolandelela ukubuyiselwa kwenhliziyo yakho futhi basize ukuvimbela izigameko zesikhathi esizayo ngezindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka.

Ziyini izici ezingozini ze-broken heart syndrome?

Izici ezithile zikwenza ube nethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa i-broken heart syndrome. Ukuqonda lezi zici ezingozini kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi unesimungulu kangakanani futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingozini zifaka:

• Ukuba owesifazane oneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 (ukuhlanganisa u-90% wezimo)
• Ukuhamba ekuqedeni noma ukuba ngemuva kokuqeda
• Ukuba nomlando wokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukulimala ekhanda ngaphambili noma isifo sokuhlupheka
• Ukuba nezinye izimo zengqondo
• Ukuthatha imithi ethonya ikhemikhali yengqondo
• Ukuba ne-thyroid ephakeme
• Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezikhuthazayo noma i-caffeine eningi

Izici ezingavamile ezingozini abagcini bezempilo abazifunda:

• Umlando womndeni we-broken heart syndrome
• Ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo noma indlela yokuphila enesikhathi eside esicindezelayo
• Izimo ezithile zokuzimela komzimba
• Ukwelashwa kwe-chemotherapy ngaphambili
• Ukuba nezinhlungu ze-migraine

Ukuba nalezi zici ezingozini akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile i-broken heart syndrome. Abantu abaningi abanazo izici ezingozini abazange bayibone, kanti abanye abanazo izici ezingozini bayayithola. Okubalulekile ukuqaphela izinga lakho lomuntu siqu lokuthola ingozi nokuphatha ukucindezeleka kahle.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ze-broken heart syndrome?

Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele kwi-broken heart syndrome ezinsukwini kuya emavikini. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlanganisela zingase zenzeke, ikakhulukazi phakathi nesigaba esibuhlungu lapho inhliziyo yakho ibuthakathaka kakhulu.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile abagcini bezempilo abazibheka zifaka:

• Izingozi zenhliziyo ezingavamile (arrhythmias)
• Ukubunjwa kwamanzi emaphashini
• Ukungena kwegazi eliphansi
• Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-blood clots eyenziwa enhliziyweni
• I-Cardiogenic shock (eyingavamile kodwa enkulu)

Izinhlanganisela ezingavamile kodwa ezinkulu zifaka:

• Ukuqhekeka kodonga lenhliziyo (okungavamile kakhulu)
• Izinkinga ezinkulu ze-mitral valve
• Ubuthakathaka bomsipha wenhliziyo obuhlala njalo
• Ukuphindaphinda kwesifo
• Ukufa (kwenzeka ku-5% yabantu)

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, izinhlanganisela ezinkulu azivamile. Inhliziyo yabantu abaningi ibuya emsebenzini ojwayelekile ngaphakathi kwamasonto. Kodwa-ke, cishe u-5-10% yabantu bayithola futhi i-broken heart syndrome, kungakho ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kokucindezeleka nokubhekwa kwenhliziyo kubalulekile.

I-broken heart syndrome ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuqonda i-broken heart syndrome kudinga ukuqeda ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo kuqala. Odokotela bezimo eziphuthumayo bazokwenza ukuhlola okuningi ngokushesha ukuze baqonde ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho.

Inkqubo yokuqala yokuxilonga ifaka:

• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) ukuhlola izingozi zenhliziyo
• Ukuhlola igazi ngezimpawu zokuhlushwa kwenhliziyo
• I-X-ray yesifuba ukuhlola inhliziyo namaphashini
• I-Echocardiogram ukubona umsebenzi wenhliziyo
• I-Coronary angiogram ukuhlola amahlathini avinjelwe

Udokotela wakho uzobuza nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nezenzakalo ezicindezelayo zakamuva ekuphileni kwakho. Bafuna iphethini ebonakalayo: amahlathini enhliziyo ajwayelekile kodwa umsebenzi womsipha wenhliziyo ongajwayelekile ngemuva kokucindezeleka okukhulu.

Ukuhlola okwengeziwe kungafaka:

• I-Cardiac MRI yezithombe zenhliziyo ezinemininingwane
• Ukuhlola kokucindezeleka kwe-Nuclear
• Ukuhlola igazi ngomsebenzi we-thyroid
• Ukuhlola umchamo ngezidakamizwa ezikhuthazayo

Ukuxilongwa kuyaqondakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho uthuthuka. Ukulandelela i-echocardiograms ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo, okuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-broken heart syndrome kunokulimaza kwenhliziyo okungapheli.

Yiluphi ukwelapha lwe-broken heart syndrome?

Ukwelapha i-broken heart syndrome kugxile ekusekeleni inhliziyo yakho ngenkathi iphila ngokwemvelo. Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele, kodwa uzodinga ukubhekwa kwezokwelapha phakathi nesikhathi sokuphulukisa.

Ukwelapha okusheshayo esibhedlela ngokuvamile kufaka:

• Imithi yenhliziyo efana ne-ACE inhibitors noma i-beta-blockers
• I-Diuretics ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwamanzi
• I-Blood thinners ukuvimbela i-clots
• Imithi yokulawula izingozi zenhliziyo
• I-Oxygen therapy uma kudingeka
• Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngenxa yokungakhululeki kwesifuba

Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokulandelela eduze ngenxa yezinhlanganisela. Abantu abaningi bahlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngenkathi umsebenzi wenhliziyo yabo uzinzile.

Izindlela zokwelapha zesikhathi eside zifaka:

• Ukuqhubeka imithi yenhliziyo izinyanga eziningi
• Ukuvakasha okulandelayo njalo nodokotela wezinhliziyo
• Ukwelulekwa kokulawula ukucindezeleka noma ukwelashwa
• Ukubuyela kancane emisebenzini evamile
• Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila ngenxa yempilo yenhliziyo

Isikhathi sokuphulukisa sihluka, kodwa abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngaphakathi kwamasonto. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa i-echocardiograms ephindaphindwayo ukuze alandelele intuthuko yokwelashwa kwenhliziyo yakho futhi alungise imithi ngokufanele.

Indlela yokuphatha i-broken heart syndrome ekhaya?

Uma usukekhaya esibhedlela, ukugxila kwakho kufanele kube ekuphulukiseni okuthambile nasekuphatheni ukucindezeleka. Inhliziyo yakho iyaphila, ngakho kubalulekile ukugwema ukufaka umthwalo owengeziwe kuyo ngalesi sikhathi esibuthakathaka.

Nawa amaqhinga okusekela ukubuyiselwa kwakho:

• Thatha yonke imithi eyalwe ngokunembile njengoba iyalwe
• Thola ukuphumula okuningi futhi ugweme imisebenzi enzima
• Zama amasu okuthambisa ukucindezeleka njengokuphefumula okujulile
• Dla ukudla okunempilo yenhliziyo futhi uhlale uthambile
• Gwema utshwala, i-caffeine, nezinto ezikhuthazayo
• Landelela izimpawu zakho futhi ubhale izinguquko kudokotela wakho

Ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa:

• Cabanga ngokwelulekwa noma ukwelashwa ukuze uqonde isenzakalo esibangela ukucindezeleka
• Hlala uxhumene nomndeni nabangane abasekelayo
• Joyina amaqembu asekelayo abantu abanokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo
• Zama amasu okuphumula njengokucamngca noma i-yoga ethambile
• Gcina isimiso sokulala esijwayelekile
• Hlanganyela emisebenzini ejabulisayo, engacindezeli

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphulukisa kudinga isikhathi. Yiba nomonde ngawe njengoba inhliziyo yakho iphila futhi amandla akho ebuya. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bekhulu kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamasonto angu-4-6, kodwa ukubuyiselwa okuphelele kungathatha izinyanga eziningi.

I-broken heart syndrome ingavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izenzakalo ezinzima ekuphileni, ungakha ukumelana nokufunda izindlela ezempilo zokubhekana nokucindezeleka. Ukuvimbela kugxile ekuphatheni impendulo yakho yokucindezeleka nokugcina impilo enhle yenhliziyo.

Amasu aphezulu okulawula ukucindezeleka afaka:

• Ukuzivocavoca njalo (njengoba kuvunyelwe udokotela wakho)
• Ukuzama amasu okuphumula nsuku zonke
• Ukuthola ukulala okwanele (amahora angu-7-9 ebusuku)
• Ukugcina ubuhlobo obuqinile
• Ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe ngenxa yokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukufunda amasu empilo okubhekana nokucindezeleka
• Ukubekela imigomo eqondile nemikhawulo

Ukukhetha indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo kusiza futhi:

• Ukudla ukudla okuqondile, okunempilo
• Ukulinganisela utshwala nokugwema izidakamizwa ezingamthetho
• Ukungabhemi noma ukuyeka uma ubhema
• Ukuphatha ezinye izimo zezempilo njengesi-diabetes
• Ukuthatha imithi njengoba iyalwe
• Ukuhlola njalo nodokotela wakho

Uma uke waba ne-broken heart syndrome ngaphambili, sebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho ukuze wenze uhlelo lokuvimbela oluqondene nawe. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlala emithini ethile yenhliziyo isikhathi eside noma ukubhekwa kwenhliziyo okuvamile.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphelele okungenzeka. Udokotela wakho udinga ulwazi oluphelele mayelana nezimpawu zakho nezenzakalo zakamuva ekuphileni ukuze anikeze ukwelapha okuhle kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buza lolu lwazi olukhulu:

• Bhala zonke izimpawu nokuthi zaqala nini
• Bala zonke izenzakalo ezicindezelayo zamasonto ambalwa adlule
• Letha yonke imithi yamanje kanye nezinhlanganisela
• Qaphela umlando wakho wezokwelapha nomlando wesifo senhliziyo somndeni
• Rekhoda izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile uma uzilandelela ekhaya
• Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nokuphulukisa kwakho nokubuka kwesikhathi eside

Imibuzo yokubuza udokotela wakho ifaka:

• Kuzokuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukisa kwami?
• Yimiphi imisebenzi engingayigwema nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ngingakwenza kanjani ukuthi lokhu kungaphindi kwenzeke?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukulandelela okuqhubekayo kwenhliziyo?
• Ingabe kunezixwayiso engingazibona?
• Ingabe kufanele ngibone ochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo?

Unganqikazi ukucela incazelo uma ungaqondi lutho. Udokotela wakho ufuna ukukusiza uphulukise ngokuphelele futhi uvikele izigameko zesikhathi esizayo, ngakho-ke ukuxhumana okuvulekile kubalulekile ngenxa yokunakekelwa kwakho.

Yini eyinhloko ebalulekile mayelana ne-broken heart syndrome?

I-Broken heart syndrome iyisimo sangempela, esikhashana esibonisa uxhumano olukhulu phakathi kokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo nempilo yomzimba. Nakuba okuhlangenwe nakho kungase kube okwethusa, abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokuphathwa kokucindezeleka.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyasebenza futhi zilawuleka. Lesi simo akusho ukuthi ubuthakathaka noma ukhuluka kakhulu ekuphenduleni ukucindezeleka. Inhliziyo yakho iphendule ngokoqobo kumahomoni ocindezeleko, futhi ngesikhathi nokunakekelwa, izophila.

Gxila ekuphulukiseni kwakho ngokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha, ukuphatha ukucindezeleka, nokubekezelela inqubo yokwelapha. Abantu abaningi baphumela kulesi sipiliyoni ngamakhono angcono okulawula ukucindezeleka nokuqonda okukhulu kokuxhumana kwengqondo nenhliziyo.

Uma unesimungulu esikhulu ngenxa yobudala, ubulili, noma amazinga ocindezeleka, sebenzisana neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuze wenze amasu okuvimbela. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuqonda, ungavikela inhliziyo yakho ngenkathi ubhekana nezinselele ezingaphepheki zokuphila.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-broken heart syndrome

Ingabe i-broken heart syndrome ingakubulala?

I-Broken heart syndrome ayivamile ukubulala, ukufa kwenzeka ku-5% yabantu. Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwamasonto kuya ezinyangeni. Kodwa-ke, ingabangela izinhlanganisela ezinkulu njengezingozi zenhliziyo ezingavamile noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kungakho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kubalulekile. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, iningi labantu liyaphila ngokuphelele.

I-broken heart syndrome ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Izimpawu ezibuhlungu ngokuvamile zihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto, kodwa ukubuyiselwa okuphelele kwenhliziyo ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto angu-4-8. Abanye abantu bazizwa bekhulu ngaphakathi kwezinsuku, kanti abanye badinga izinyanga eziningi ukuze baphile ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho ngokuhlola okulandelayo futhi alungise isikhathi sakho sokwelashwa ngokufanele. Abantu abaningi babuyela emisebenzini evamile ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-1-2.

Ingabe i-broken heart syndrome ingenzeka ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa?

Yebo, i-broken heart syndrome ingabuya cishe ku-5-10% yabantu abake bayithola ngaphambili. Ingozi iphakeme uma ungayixazululi inkinga yokulawula ukucindezeleka noma uma uhlangabezana nesenzakalo esinzima esicindezelayo. Kungakho ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kokucindezeleka kanye neminye imithi yenhliziyo kubalulekile ukuvimbela.

Ingabe i-broken heart syndrome ifana nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo?

Cha, i-broken heart syndrome nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo kuyizimo ezahlukene, yize zingase zibe nokuzwakala okufanayo. Ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo kwenzeka lapho amahlathini enhliziyo evikelwe, kubangela ukulimala okungapheli. I-Broken heart syndrome ihilela ubuthakathaka bomsipha wenhliziyo ngaphandle kwamahlathini avinjelwe, futhi inhliziyo ngokuvamile iphila ngokuphelele. Zombili zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo ngenxa yokuxilongwa okufanele.

Ingabe amadoda angathola i-broken heart syndrome?

Yebo, amadoda angathola i-broken heart syndrome, yize ingavamile kakhulu. Cishe u-90% wezimo zenzeka kwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50. Uma amadoda ekuthola, ngokuvamile asemncane futhi anethuba elikhulu lokuba nezici ezingokomzimba kunokuba zizici ezingokomzwelo. Izimpawu, ukwelapha, nokuphulukisa kufana kungakhathaliseki ubulili.