Umgqulu Oqhekekileyo: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Umgqulu oqhekekileyo uqhekeko kwelinye noma ngaphezulu kwamathanga emgqeni wakho, okuhlanganisa ithambo leqhwa (femur), ithambo le-shin (tibia), noma ithambo elincane eliseceleni kwalo (fibula). Leliphutha liyenzeka lapho la mathanga eqhekeka noma ephuka ngokuphelele ngenxa yamandla noma ukuphazamiseka okunamandla kunalokho ithambo elingakuthwala.

Nakuba umqondo womqulu oqhekekileyo ungase uzwakale ukhulu, iningi lemiqulu eqhekekileyo liyaphilisa kahle ngokunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele nesikhathi. Amathambo emgqeni wakho aqinile futhi aqinile, aklanywe ukusekela isisindo somzimba wakho nokukhuthaza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Ziyini izimpawu zomqulu oqhekekileyo?

Isici esicacile kunazo zonke somqulu oqhekekileyo ubuhlungu obukhulu obukhulu lapho uzama ukufaka isisindo kukho noma ukuhambisa. Cishe uzokwazi ukuthi kukhona okungalungile ngoba ubuhlungu buvamise ukuba bukhulu futhi obukhulu.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ezibonisa ukuthi ungase ube nomqulu oqhekekileyo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obukhulu ngokunyakaza noma ngokucindezela
• Ukungenakukwazi ukuphatha isisindo emgqeni oqhekekileyo
• Ukuguqulwa okubonakalayo noma i-angle engajwayelekile yomgqulu
• Ukukhula endaweni yokulimala
• Ukuqhuma okuvela ngokushesha
• Ubuhlungu lapho uthintwa kancane
• I-grinding noma umsindo oqhekeka lapho uhambisa
• Ukukhathazeka noma ukukhathazeka ezinyaweni noma ezithweni zakho

Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngokuqhekeka kwe-hairline, izimpawu zingase zibe zincane. Ungase ube nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo obuqala ubucabanga ukuthi yi-bruise embi noma ukucindezeleka kwemisipha. Uma ubuhlungu bomqulu wakho buqhubeka ngaphezu kosuku olulodwa noma amabili ngemuva kokulimalala, kufanele ukuhlolwe.

Ziyini izinhlobo zemiqulu eqhekekileyo?

Imiqulu eqhekekileyo ingenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi yiliphi ithambo eliqhekekile nokuthi i-fracture iyenzeka kanjani. Ukuqonda izinhlobo kungakusiza ukuxhumana kangcono neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokulimala kwakho okuthile.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Femur: Ukuqhekeka emathangeni akho, kuvame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yesayizi nemandla ethambo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Tibia: Ukuqhekeka emathangeni akho amakhulu, okuvamile kubangelwa ukulimala kwezemidlalo noma ukuwa
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Fibula: Ukuqhekeka emathangeni amancane eceleni kwethambo lakho le-shin, ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-tibia
• Ukuphazamiseka kokucindezela: Iziqhekeko ezincane ezikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokucindezela okuphindaphindayo noma ukusetshenziswa kakhulu
• Ukuphazamiseka okuhlanganisiwe: Ukuqhekeka okuqine kakhulu lapho ithambo liqhekeka ngesikhumba sakho
• Ukuphazamiseka okuqhekekileyo: Ukuqhekeka lapho ithambo liqhekeka libe yizingcezu eziningi

Udokotela wakho uzobona uhlobo oluqondile nge-X-rays nokuhlolwa komzimba. Uhlobo ngalunye ludinga indlela ehlukile yokwelapha, kodwa konke kungaphilisa kahle ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Yini ebangela umqulu oqhekekileyo?

Iningi lemiqulu eqhekekileyo liyenzeka lapho ithambo lomqulu wakho lihlangabezana namandla angaphezu kwalokho elingakuthwala. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka noma kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokucindezela okuphindaphindayo.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuwa ukuphakama noma emaphethelweni aqinile
• Izingozi zezimoto noma izingozi zezimoto
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo, ikakhulukazi ezemidlalo eziqhakambayo
• Ukushaya ngqo emgqeni ngesikhathi semisebenzi
• Ukulimala kokujikijela ngesikhathi sokugijima noma ukuqhuma
• Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwemisebenzi ephindaphindayo njengokugijima ibanga elide

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa eziqakathekile okumele uzazi:

• Amathambo abuthakathaka ngenxa ye-osteoporosis, okwenza ukuqhekeka kube lula ngokulimala okuncane
• Ukutheleleka kwamathanga okuqeda ukwakheka kwamathanga
• Iziphumu noma umdlavuza oseduze kwamathanga
• Imithi ethile ethonya ubukhulu bamathanga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Ngezinye izikhathi, lokho okuvela njengomcimbi omncane kungabangela ukuqhekeka uma amathambo akho esebuthakathaka ngenxa yobudala, imithi, noma izimo zezempilo.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela ngomqulu oqhekekileyo?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa komtholampilo ngokushesha uma uthi ungase ube nomqulu oqhekekileyo, ikakhulukazi uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma awukwazi ukufaka isisindo emgqeni wakho. Ungazami "ukuhamba ngalo" noma ulinde ukubona uma liyaphilisa lodwa.

Shaya u-911 noma uye endlini yokulashwa ngokushesha uma uqaphela:

• Ithambo eliphuma esikhumbeni sakho
• Umgqulu wakho ubonakala uqhekekile noma uqondile nge-angle engajwayelekile
• Uzwa ukukhathazeka noma awukwazi ukuhambisa unyawo noma izitho zakho
• Unyawo lwakho luzwakala lupholile noma lubonakala lubi noma lu-grey
• Uhlushwa ubuhlungu obukhulu obungaphili ngokuphumula

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenamandla, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela phakathi namahora angu-24 uma unebuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ukukhula, noma ubunzima bokuthwala isisindo ngemuva kokulimalala komqulu. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukukhipha imiphumela emihle futhi kungavimbela ukuphazamiseka.

Ziyini izici ezingozi zomqulu oqhekekileyo?

Nakuba noma ubani angaqhekeka umqulu, izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okuhlangabezana naleliphutha. Ukuqonda lezi zici ezingozi kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.

Izici ezenza imiqulu eqhekekileyo ibe lula zihlanganisa:

• Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, lapho amathambo eba buthakathaka ngokwemvelo
• I-Osteoporosis noma ubukhulu bamathanga obuphansi
• Ukuhlanganyela ezemidlalo ezinamandla noma eziqhakambayo
• Imiqulu eqhekekileyo noma ukulimala ngaphambili
• Imithi ethile efana ne-steroids eqeda amathambo
• Ukubhema, okuqeda ukululama kwamathanga namandla
• Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kotshwala okuthonya impilo yamathanga
• Ukungahambisani kokudla, ikakhulukazi i-calcium ne-vitamin D

Ezinye izici ezingozi ezingavamile kodwa eziqakathekile:

• Izifo zezakhiwo eziqeda amandla ethambo
• Ukungahambisani kwe-hormonal okuthonya ukuguqulwa kwamathanga
• Isifo esiqhubekayo sokugula kwesibindi noma isibindi
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza okuqeda amathambo

Ukuba nezici ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzokuqhekeka umqulu, kodwa ukwazi ngazo kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukwenza izinqumo ezilula mayelana nokuvimbela nempilo yamathanga.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ngomqulu oqhekekileyo?

Iningi lemiqulu eqhekekileyo liyaphilisa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ukuze ukwazi ukuzazi ngokushesha futhi ufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile ongahlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukululama okulile noma amathambo angaphilisi kahle
• Ukutheleleka endaweni yokuqhekeka noma eduze kwezinto zokusebenza
• Ukuqina noma ukunciphisa ukunyakaza kwamajozi aseduze
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukulahleka kwemisipha ngenxa yokungasebenzi
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma i-arthritis evela kamuva
• Ukwahluka ebude bomqulu ngemuva kokululama

Izinhlanganisela ezingavamile kodwa eziqakathekile ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha:

• I-Compartment syndrome, lapho ukucindezela kwakha emagumbini emisipha
• I-blood clots eyenzeka emathangeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphumula embhedeni
• Ukulimala kwamathanga noma igazi
• I-Fat embolism, lapho izingcezu zamafutha zingena egazini
• I-Osteomyelitis, ukutheleleka okuqine kwamathanga

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokunaka lezi zinhlanganisela futhi linikeze isiqondiso sezibonakaliso zokuqapha ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho. Iningi lezinhlanganisela lingavikeleka noma liphelelwe kahle lapho liqaphelwa ngokushesha.

Umgqulu oqhekekileyo ungavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izingozi, kunezinyathelo ezilula ongazithatha ukuqinisa amathambo akho nokunciphisa amathuba okuqhekeka kwemiqulu. Iningi lalezi zindlela liphinde lithuthukise impilo yakho jikelele nokuthuthuka kwakho.

Nazi izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvikela imiqqulu yakho:

• Gcina amathambo aqinile ngokuzivocavoca okujwayelekile okuphatha isisindo
• Qinisekisa ukudla okwanele kwe-calcium ne-vitamin D
• Gqoka izingubo zokuvikela ezifanele ngesikhathi sezemidlalo
• Gcina ikhaya lakho likhanyisiwe kahle futhi susa izinto eziwela
• Sebenzisa izicathulo ezifanele ezinokubamba okuhle
• Gwema ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kotshwala
• Ungabhemi, njengoba kubuthakathaka ukwakheka kwamathanga
• Hlola ubukhulu bamathanga njalo uma ungozini

Kubantu abadala, amasu engeziwe okuvimbela ahlanganisa:

• Ukufaka ama-grab bars nama-railings ezihlanzweni nasezitebhini
• Ukucabangela ukuzivocavoca kokulinganisela
• Ukuhlaziya imithi engase ikhulise ingozi yokuwa
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo ukuze ugcine umbono omuhle

Lezi zinyathelo zokuvikela ziyabaqakatheke kakhulu njengoba ukhula noma uma unezimo eziqeda amandla ethambo.

Umgqulu oqhekekileyo uhlolwa kanjani?

Ukuxilonga umqulu oqhekekileyo ngokuvamile kuqala ngodokotela wakho oqaphela ukuthi ukulimala kwenzeke kanjani futhi ahlole umqulu wakho ngokucophelela. Bazobheka izimpawu ezicacile zokuqhekeka futhi bahlole ikhono lakho lokuhambisa nokuphatha isisindo.

Inkqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba womqulu wakho, ukuhlola ubuhlungu, ukukhula, nokuqhekeka
• I-X-rays ezivela ezingxenyeni eziningi ukuze ubone ithambo ngokucacile
• Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza kwegazi nokusebenza kwamathanga ezinyaweni zakho
• Imibuzo mayelana nezinga lobuhlungu nezimpawu zakho

Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe:

• I-CT scans yokuphazamiseka okuyinkimbinkimbi noma lapho i-X-rays ingacaci
• I-MRI scans ukuze uhlole ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile noma ukuqhekeka kokucindezela
• I-Bone scans yokuphazamiseka kokucindezela okungabonakali kwi-X-rays

Udokotela wakho angase futhi a-ode ukuhlolwa kwegazi uma bethukuthela izimo ezingase zithinte ukululama kwamathanga. Umgomo ukukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekeni ngqo emathangeni akho ukuze bakwazi ukwenza uhlelo lokwelapha oluhle kuwe.

Yini ukwelashwa komqulu oqhekekileyo?

Ukwelashwa komqulu oqhekekileyo kuncike ohlotsheni, indawo, nobunzima bokuqhekeka kwakho. Imigomo ephambili yodokotela wakho ukulungisa izingcezu zethambo eliqhekekile, ukuzigcina endaweni ngenkathi ziphila, nokubuyisela umsebenzi ojwayelekile womqulu wakho.

Amakhetho okwelashwa okungeyona opharetha ahlanganisa:

• Ukudala noma ukufaka i-splint ukuze ugcine umqulu ungahambi
• Izikhali noma izinto zokusiza ukuze ugweme ukufaka isisindo emgqeni
• Imithi yokuhlunguza ukulawula ubuhlungu
• Ukwelashwa komzimba ukuze ugcine amandla nokuguquguquka

Ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ngokulandelayo:

• Ukuphazamiseka okuhlanganisiwe lapho ithambo liqhekeka ngesikhumba
• Ukuphazamiseka okuqhekekileyo okuqhekekile
• Ukuqhekeka okungabi nalungile ngokudala kuphela
• Ukuqhekeka okuthonya ama-joint surfaces

Amakhetho okuhlinzwa angahlanganisa iziphethu zethusi, izikrufu, izinti, noma ama-pins ukuze ugcine izingcezu zethambo ndawonye. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela esebenza kangcono ngohlobo lwakho oluthile lokuqhekeka.

Isikhathi sokululama sihluka kakhulu, kusuka emavikini angu-6-8 ngokuqhekeka okulula kuya ezinyangeni eziningi ngokuqhekeka okuyinkimbinkimbi okudinga ukuhlinzwa. Isikhathi sakho sokululama sincike ebudaleni bakho, impilo yakho jikelele, nokuthi ulandela kangcono imiyalo yokwelapha.

Indlela yokuphatha ukwelashwa ekhaya ngesikhathi sokululama komqulu oqhekekileyo

Ukukhathalela wena ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile enkambweni yokululama komqulu wakho. Ukulandela imiyalo yodokotela wakho ngokucophelela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukululama okufanele nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka.

Izinyathelo zokunakekelwa ekhaya ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuthatha imithi eyalwe ngokuqondile njengoba kuyalwe
• Ukuhlanza nokugcina umqulu wakho noma indawo yokusebenza yokuhlinzwa
• Ukuphakamisa umqulu wakho lapho uphumula ukuze unciphise ukukhula
• Ukusebenzisa ama-ice packs njengoba kunconywe ukulawula ubuhlungu nokukhula
• Ukulandela imikhawulo yokuthwala isisindo ngokuqinile
• Ukuya kuyo yonke imiqhudelwano yokulandelela nokusebenza komzimba

Izibonakaliso ezibalulekile zokuqapha ekhaya:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungaphenduli emithini
• Ukukhula okuya kubi kunokuba kuhle
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba noma ukushisa
• Ukunuka okubi kusuka emqulweni noma endaweni yokusebenza yokuhlinzwa
• Ukukhathazeka noma ukukhathazeka okungekho khona ngaphambili

Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izibonakaliso zokuqapha. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga ezincane ezingaba yizinhlanganisela ezinkulu.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile ngemihlangano yakho yodokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo futhi uthola izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo yakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho ubhekene nokuqhekeka okungase kudinge ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, buza lolu lwazi:

• Imininingwane mayelana nendlela ukulimala okwenzeke ngayo
• Uhlu lwayo yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje
• Umbhalo wakho wezokwelapha, kuhlanganise nokuqhekeka ngaphambili
• Ulwazi loku-inshorensi nokubona
• Uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza

Imibuzo ebalulekile okumele uyicabangele ukubuza udokotela wakho:

• Kuzokuthatha isikhathi esingakanani umqulu wami ukuze uphile ngokuphelele?
• Yiziphi imisebenzi engingayigwema ngesikhathi sokululama?
• Ngingabuya nini emsebenzini noma emisebenzini evamile?
• Ziyini izibonakaliso zokuqapha okumele zikukhuthaze ukuba ungishaye?
• Ngingasebenzisa ukwelashwa komzimba, futhi kufanele kuqale nini?
• Ingabe kunezinto ezithinta isikhathi eside engingalindele?

Letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani uma kungenzeka, njengoba bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esicindezelayo.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule ngemiqulu eqhekekileyo?

Umgqulu oqhekekileyo ukulimala okuqine okudinga ukunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele, kodwa ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi benza ukululama okuphelele futhi babuyele emisebenzini yabo evamile. Ikhona ukufuna ukunakekelwa komtholampilo ngokushesha nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokucophelela.

Khumbula ukuthi ukululama kuthatha isikhathi, futhi uhambo lokululama lomuntu ngamunye luhlukile. Abanye abantu balulama ngokushesha kunabanye, futhi lokho kuyinto evamile. Ukuthi umzimba wakho wenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokulungisa nokuqinisa ithambo eliqhekekile.

Hlala ukhululekile futhi ubekezelele nenqubo. Gxila ezintweni ongazilawula, njengokuthatha imithi yakho, ukuya emihlanganweni, nokulandela imikhawulo yemisebenzi. Ukusebenza kanzima kwakho manje kuzokhokhelwa ngokululama okuhle kakhulu nezinhlanganisela ezincane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngemiqulu eqhekekileyo

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani umqulu oqhekekileyo ukuze uphile ngokuphelele?

Iningi lemiqulu eqhekekileyo elula lithatha amaviki angu-6-12 ukuze liphele ngokwanele ngemisebenzi evamile, nakuba ukululama okuphelele kungathatha izinyanga eziningi. Ukuphazamiseka okuyinkimbinkimbi noma okudinga ukuhlinzwa kungathatha izinyanga ezingu-3-6 noma ngaphezulu. Iminyaka yakho, impilo yakho jikelele, nohlobo oluthile lokuqhekeka konke kuthinta isikhathi sokululama.

Ngingahamba yini ngomqulu oqhekekileyo?

Akufanele uhambe ngomqulu oqhekekileyo kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekunika imvume. Ukuhamba ngokushesha kakhulu kungasusa izingcezu zethambo futhi kulibale ukululama. Udokotela wakho uzokwandisa kancane imisebenzi yakho yokuthwala isisindo njengoba ithambo liyaphila futhi liba namandla ngokwanele ukusekela isisindo somzimba wakho.

Ingabe umqulu wami oqhekekileyo uzoba buthakathaka ngemuva kokululama?

Umgqulu oqhekekileyo ophilile kahle ngokuvamile uqine njengoba wawunjalo ngaphambi kokulimalala, ngezinye izikhathi uba namandla endaweni yokuqhekeka. Kodwa-ke, imisipha esizungezile ingase ibe buthakathaka ngenxa yokungasebenzi ngesikhathi sokululama. Ukwelashwa komzimba kusiza ukubuyisela amandla emisipha nokuguquguquka kwamajozi ukubuyisela umqulu wakho emsebenzini ophelele.

Kwenzekani uma ngingawelaphi umqulu oqhekekileyo?

Imiqulu eqhekekileyo engalashwanga ingabangela izinhlanganisela ezinkulu ezifaka ukuqhekeka okungapheli, ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo, i-arthritis, nokulahleka komsebenzi. Ithambo lingase liphele ngokungalungile, lidala izinkinga zesikhathi eside ngokuhamba nokukwazi ukuhamba. Ezinye izinkinga ezingalashwanga zingase futhi zibangele ukulimala kwamathanga noma igazi.

Ingabe kuyinto evamile ukuba nobuhlungu ezinyangeni eziningi ngemuva kokululama komqulu oqhekekileyo?

Ukuhlupheka okuncane noma ukuqina kungaba yinto evamile izinyanga eziningi ngemuva kokulimalala komqulu, ikakhulukazi ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu noma ukwanda kwemisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ubuhlungu obukhulu obuqhubekayo, ukukhula, noma izinkinga zokusebenza kufanele ziqaphelwe udokotela wakho, njengoba zingase zibonise izinhlanganisela ezidinga ukwelashwa.