Izicubu Eziphukile Yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Izicubu eziphukile yizicubu eziqhekekile noma eziqhekekile ngokuphelele kwelinye noma ngaphezulu kwamafudu aqoqayo avikelekile isifuba sakho. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukwephulwa kwezicubu, lezi ziphuthumayo zivame kakhulu futhi zingathinta noma ubani. Izicubu zakho zenzelwe ukugoba nokugoba, kodwa zingaphula uma zishayeke ngamandla anele noma zibuthakathaka ngezimo ezithile.

Yini izicubu eziphukile?

Isibopho esiphukile sisho ukuthi elinye noma ngaphezulu kwamafudu akho angu-24 omzimba seliphuke noma liqhekekile ngokuphelele. Izicubu zakho zakha isivikelo esivikelekile inhliziyo yakho, amaphaphu, namanye amalungu abalulekile esifubeni sakho. Uma isibopho siphuka, singasebenza njengoba kufanele, kodwa sizokubangela ubuhlungu futhi sidinga isikhathi sokululama.

Iningi leziphuthumayo zezicubu yizicubu eziqhekekile eziqhelekile eziphulukana zodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Ithanga lihlanganisa ngokuvamile emavikini angu-6 kuya kwangu-8, njengezinye ithambo eziphukile emzimbeni wakho. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izicubu eziphukile zingaba nzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma zilimaza amalungu aseduze noma uma izicubu eziningi ziphuka ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zezicubu eziphukile?

Uphawu olucacile kakhulu lwesibopho esiphukile yubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu esifubeni sakho obukhulu uma uphefumula, ukhwehlela, noma uthuthuka. Lobu buhlungu buvela ngoba izicubu zakho zihamba njalo lapho uphefumula, futhi isibopho esiphukile asinakusuka ngokulingana njengoba kufanele.

Nawa izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu obukhulu uma uphefumula, ukhwehlela, noma uncipha
• Ubuhlungu uma ucindezela endaweni elimele
• Ukukhula noma ukweluka phezu kwesibopho esiphukile
• Ubunzima bokuthatha ubuhlungu obukhulu
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu uma uqhumisa noma ugobe umzimba wakho
• Ukuzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukuthatha umoya
• Ukukhahlela kwemisipha eduze kwendawo elimele

Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuthi ugcina isifuba sakho noma ukhonondele eceleni elilimele ukuze uvikele. Abanye abantu bachaza ukuzwa noma ukuzwa umsindo wokugqwala lapho bethuthuka, nakuba lokhu kungabi khona njalo.

Ziyini izinhlobo zezicubu eziphukile?

Odokotela bahlukanisa ukwephulwa kwezicubu ngokusekelwe ekuthini ukukhulu kangakanani nokuthi kwenzeka kuphi. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kungakusiza wazi ukuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.

Ukuphamba kwezicubu okulula yilohlobo oluvamile kakhulu. Lokhu kuhilela ukwephulwa okuhlanzekile kwelinye isibopho ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu noma amalungu aseduze. Ngokuvamile ziphulukana kahle ngokwelashwa okuqondile futhi azibangeli izinkinga.

Ukuphamba okuhlukanisiwe kwenzeka lapho izingcezu zethambo eziphukile ziphuma endaweni yazo evamile. Lokhu kungaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi kungathatha isikhathi eside sokululama. Ngezinye izikhathi ithambo elihlukanisiwe lingakhungathekisa imisipha noma izinzwa eziseduze.

Ukuphamba kwezicubu eziningi kwenzeka lapho izicubu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ziphuka, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokulimaza okukhulu. Lolu hlobo ludinga ukulandelelwa ngokucophelela ngoba lungathinta ikhono lakho lokuphumula kahle futhi lungandisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Isifuba esiqhekekile yisimo esingavamile kodwa esibuhlungu esenzeka lapho izicubu ezintathu noma ngaphezulu eziqhubekayo ziphuka ezindaweni eziningi. Lokhu kudala ingxenye yodonga lwesifuba elithuthuka ngokuzimela kwelinye, okwenza kuphefumuleke kakhulu.

Ziyini izimbangela zezicubu eziphukile?

Izicubu eziphukile ngokuvamile zivela ekubanjweni okuqondile esifubeni sakho, kodwa zingase zenzeke ngenxa yokucindezela okuphindaphindayo noma izimo zethambo ezingaphansi. Imbangela evamile kakhulu yilokhu kubanjwa kwamandla okubekela izicubu zakho ukucindezela okungaphezu kwalokho ezingakukhokhela.

Nawa amahlandla avamile okwephulwa kwezicubu:

• Izingozi zezimoto, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokushaywa kwevili lokuqondisa noma ibhande lezihlalo
• Ukuwa, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo evela ezemidlalo eziqhakambayo noma ezingozi
• Ukuhlukumezeka komzimba noma ukuhlaselwa
• Ukukhahlela okukhulu okucindezela izicubu
• Ukubanjwa okuqondile esifubeni kusuka ezintweni noma ngesikhathi semisebenzi
• Ukulimala kokucindezela kusuka ezintweni ezisindayo

Ngezinye izikhathi izicubu zingaphula ngenxa yezizathu ezingabonakali. Ukukhahlela okukhulu, okuqhubekayo okuvela ezimweni ezinjengopnuemonia noma ukukhahlela okuqhubekayo kungaphula izicubu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala noma abantu abanethambo elibuthakathaka.

Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingenza izicubu zakho zibe lula ukuphula. I-Osteoporosis iyancipha amathambo futhi iwenze abe buthakathaka, kuyilapho umdlavuza oya emathanjeni ungakha amaphuzu abuhlungu aphula kalula.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela ngezicubu eziphukile?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ucabanga ukuthi unezicubu eziphukile, ikakhulukazi uma unesikhathi sokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu obukhulu. Nakuba iningi lezicubu eziphukile liphulukana zodwa, kubalulekile ukuqeda izinkinga futhi uthole ukuphathwa okuhle kobuhlungu.

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zibonakaliso zezexwayiso:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphumula noma ukungabi nayo imiyana
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu besifuba obungaphuli ngokuphumula
• Ukukhahlela igazi
• Ukukhungatheka noma ukuzizwa uthukuthele
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obuvimba ukuthatha imiyana emincane
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengoba ubushushu noma ubuhlungu obukhulu nokukhula

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenazinkinga, kuhlakaniphile ukubona umhlinzeki wezempilo ngosuku noma amabili ngemuva kokulimaza kwakho. Bangakuqinisekisa ukuthi une-fracture futhi bahlole noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zingabonakali ngokushesha.

Ziyini izici ezingandisa ingozi yokwephulwa kwezicubu?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuphula isibopho, ubudala buyinye ebaluleke kakhulu. Njengoba siqhubeka sikhulile, amathambo ethu ngokwemvelo aya ebuthakathaka futhi abe buthakathaka, okwenza ukwephulwa kube lula ngisho nasekuqhakambeni okuncane.

Izici ezihlobene nobudala zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-65
• Ukuba ne-osteoporosis noma ubunzima bethambo eliphansi
• Ukuthatha imithi eyancipha amathambo
• Ukuba nomlando wokwephulwa kwangaphambili

Isitayela sokuphila nezici zemisebenzi nazo zidlalela indima. Abantu abahlanganyela ezemidlalo eziqhakambayo, basebenza emisebenzini enzima ngokomzimba, noma bahlanganyela emisebenzini engozi enkulu babhekene namazinga aphezulu okulimala kwesifuba okungabangela ukwephulwa kwezicubu.

Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingenza izicubu zakho zibe buthakathaka. Umdlavuza othinta amathambo, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-corticosteroid isikhathi eside, nezimo ezibangela ukukhahlela okuqhubekayo konke kukwandisa ingozi yokwephulwa kwezicubu.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngezicubu eziphukile?

Nakuba iningi lezicubu eziphukile liphulukana ngaphandle kwezinkinga, ezinye izinkinga zingase zenzeke, ikakhulukazi ngokulimala okukhulu noma ukwephulwa okuningi. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza wazi ukuthi nini udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe.

Izinkinga ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Iphaphu eliqhekekile (pneumothorax) kusuka ezingcezwini zethambo ezibukhali
• Ukubanjwa kwama-blood vessels esifubeni
• Ukulimala kwespleen noma isibindi kusuka ekwephulweni kwezicubu eziphansi
• I-Pneumonia kusuka ekuphefumuleni okuncane ngenxa yobuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo obuhlala ngaphezu kwesikhathi sokululama okuvamile

I-Pneumonia ikhathaza ngokukhethekile ngoba izicubu eziphukile zenza kube buhlungu ukuphumula ngokujulile noma ukukhahlela ngokuphumelelayo. Lokhu kungabangela ukwakheka komucus emaphaphwini akho, okudala indawo lapho amabhaktheriya angakhula khona.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingase zihlanganise ukulimala kwama-blood vessels amakhulu noma amalungu aseduze kwezicubu eziphukile. Ukuphamba kwezicubu eziphansi ngezinye izikhathi kulimaza ispleen noma isibindi, kuyilapho ukwephulwa kwezicubu eziphezulu kungase kuthinte ama-blood vessels amakhulu esifubeni.

Izicubu eziphukile zitholakala kanjani?

Ukuthola izicubu eziphukile ngokuvamile kuqala ngodokotela wakho ebuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ukulimala kwenzeke kanjani. Bazofuna ukwazi ngezinga lobuhlungu bakho, ubunzima bokuphumula, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ozizwayo.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba, udokotela wakho uzocindezela ngobumnene ezindaweni ezahlukene zesifuba sakho ukuze athole izindawo ezibuhlungu futhi ahlole ukukhula noma ukweluka. Bazolalela futhi ukuphefumula kwakho nomoya wenhliziyo yakho ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi amaphaphu akho nenhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle.

I-X-rays yivivinyo elivamile kakhulu lokuthola izicubu eziphukile. Noma kunjalo, ukwephulwa okuncane okungabonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi kubonakala ngokucacile kwi-X-rays, ngakho udokotela wakho angase athole isibopho esiphukile ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa komzimba ngisho noma i-X-ray ibonakala ivamile.

Uma udokotela wakho engabaza izinkinga noma edinga isithombe esicacile sokulimala, angase ayalele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. I-CT scans ingabonisa imininingwane engaphezulu kune-X-rays futhi isize ekuboniseni noma yikuphi ukulimala kwamalungu aseduze noma ama-blood vessels.

Yini ukwelashwa kwezicubu eziphukile?

Ukwelashwa kwezicubu eziphukile kugxile ekulawuleni ubuhlungu nokuvimbela izinkinga ngenkathi umzimba wakho uphulukana ngokwemvelo. Ngokungafani nezinye amathambo eziphukile, izicubu azikwazi ukufakwa e-cast, ngakho ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekusekeleni inqubo yokululama yemvelo yomzimba wakho.

Ukulawula ubuhlungu yiyona ndawo ebalulekile yokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuba uthathe imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu njenge-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu noma obuphakathi nendawo. Ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu, imithi yokwelapha ingase idingeke ukuze ikusize uphefumule kalula.

Nawa amaqhinga amakhulu okwelashwa:

• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ukuze ikusize uphefumule futhi uthuthuke kalula
• Ukuzivocavoca ukuze kuvinjelwe i-pneumonia
• Ukwanda kancane kwemisebenzi njengoba kukhuthazwa
• I-Ice therapy emahoreni angu-24-48 okuqala ukuze kunciphisa ukukhula
• I-Physical therapy kwezinye izimo ukuze kugcinwe ukuthuthuka

Ukuhlinzwa akudingeki ngokuvamile ngenxa yokwephulwa kwezicubu, kodwa kungase kubhekwe uma unezicubu eziningi eziphukile, isifuba esiqhekekile, noma uma ithambo eliphukile lilimaze amalungu angaphakathi. Abantu abaningi baphulile ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okuqondile.

Indlela yokuphatha izicubu eziphukile ekhaya?

Ukuphatha izicubu eziphukile ekhaya kudinga ukulinganisela phakathi kokupumula nomsebenzi olula. Nakuba udinga ukuvikela izicubu zakho elimele, ukuhlala ungasebenzi kakhulu kungabangela izinkinga ezinjenge-pneumonia noma ama-blood clots.

Ukulawula ubuhlungu ekhaya kuqala ngokuthatha imithi yakho njengoba kuyalelwe futhi usebenzisa ama-ice packs imizuzu engu-15-20 izikhathi eziningi ngosuku ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Gwema ukufaka i-ice ngokuqondile kwesikhumba sakho, futhi ungasebenzisi i-heat therapy ekuqaleni njengoba ingase ikhulise ukukhula.

Ukuzivocavoca ukuphefumula kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni i-pneumonia. Thatha imiyana ebuthakathaka, ejulile njalo ngehora uma uvukile, ngisho noma kungase kube buhlungu. Bambatha i-pillow phezu kwesifuba sakho uma ukhwehlela noma uncipha ukuze unikeze ukusekela futhi unciphise ubuhlungu.

Isimo sokulala singaba inselele ngezicubu eziphukile. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukulala endaweni ephakeme kancane besebenzisa ama-pillows engeziwe noma isihlalo sokuphumula. Gwema ukulala eceleni elilimele uma kungenzeka.

Buyela kancane emisebenzini evamile njengoba ubuhlungu bakho buvumela. Qala ngezinyathelo ezilula futhi wandise kancane izinga lakho lomsebenzi. Gwema ukuphakamisa okukhulu, ukugoqa, noma imisebenzi engase ihlukanise isifuba sakho amasonto amaningana.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho yodokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nelenani lokwelashwa eliphumelelayo. Cabanga ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi ukulimala kwenzeke kanjani ukuze ukwazi ukuchaza ngokucacile.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, bhala phansi ukuthi ukulimala kwenzeke nini, yini eyabangela, nokuthi ubuhlungu bakho buye bashintsha kanjani kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Qaphela ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi eyenze ubuhlungu bube bukhulu futhi yini esiza ekuqedeni.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke oyithathayo njengamanje, kuhlanganise imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nezinye izinto ezengeziwe. Lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi agweme ukubhalela noma yini engase ihlangane nemithi yakho yangamanje.

Lungiselela imibuzo okumele uyibuze udokotela wakho ngesikhathi sakho sokululama, ukumisa imisebenzi, nezibonakaliso zezexwayiso okumele uzibheke. Unganqikazi ukubuza ngezinketho zokulawula ubuhlungu uma indlela yakho yangamanje ayisebenzi kahle.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule ngezicubu eziphukile?

Izicubu eziphukile zibuhlungu kodwa ngokuvamile ziphulukana kahle ngokunakekelwa okufanele nesikhathi. Isifuba sokululama ukuphatha ubuhlungu bakho ngokuphumelelayo ukuze ukwazi ukuphumula ngokujulile futhi uhlale usebenza ngokulinganisela ngenkathi amathambo akho ephulukana.

Abantu abaningi abane-fractures ezilula zezicubu baphulile ngokuphelele emavikini angu-6 kuya kwangu-8 ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga zesikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalo yodokotela wakho futhi uqaphele izimpawu zezinkinga.

Khumbula ukuthi ukululama kuthatha isikhathi, futhi kuyinto evamile ukuthi ubuhlungu buhluke ngesikhathi sokululama. Yiba nesineke ngawe futhi ungaphuthumi ukubuyela emisebenzini ephelele ngokushesha kakhulu. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunakekelwa kwemizwa yomzimba wakho, ungalindela ukululama okuphelele.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngezicubu eziphukile

Zithatha isikhathi esingakanani izicubu eziphukile ukuze ziphulukane?

Iningi lezicubu eziphukile liphulukana emavikini angu-6 kuya kwangu-8, nakuba lokhu kungase kuhluke kuye ngobudala bakho, impilo yakho yonke, nokuthina ukukhulu kokwephulwa. Abantu abadala kakhulu nabantu abanezimo zezempilo ezingaphansi bangathatha isikhathi eside sokululama. Uzobona ukuthuthuka kancane ebuhlungwini nasekuphefumuleni emavikini ambalwa okuqala.

Ungazivocavoca yini ngezicubu eziphukile?

Ukuzivocavoca okulula nokuthuthuka kubalulekile ngempela ekululameni, kodwa kufanele ugweme imisebenzi enzima. Ukuhamba okulula nokuzivocavoca ukuphefumula kusiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezinjenge-pneumonia. Gwema ukuphakamisa okukhulu, imidlalo eziqhakambayo, noma noma yimuphi umsebenzi ongase uhlukanise isifuba sakho kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekukhulula ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile.

Kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ube mubi ngezinsuku ezithile ngesikhathi sokululama?

Yebo, kuyinto evamile ngokuphelele ukuthi ubuhlungu bakho nokungakhululeki kuhluke ngesikhathi sokululama. Ungase uzizwe ukhulu ngolunye usuku futhi ube mubi ngolunye, ikakhulukazi uma ube usebenza kakhulu noma uma izinguquko zezulu zithinta amazinga obuhlungu bakho. Lokhu akusho ukuthi awuphili kahle.

Nini lapho ungalala khona ngokujwayelekile futhi ngezicubu eziphukile?

Abantu abaningi bangabuyela ekuhleni kwabo okujwayelekile emavikini angu-2 kuya kwangu-4, nakuba lokhu kuhlukahluka ngumuntu. Ungase udinge ukulala ukhonondele noma esihlalweni sokuphumula isonto noma amabili okuqala. Zama kancane izimo ezahlukene njengoba ubuhlungu bakho buvumela, futhi sebenzisa ama-pillows ukuze usekele.

Ingabe izicubu eziphukile zihlale zibonakala kwi-X-rays?

Cha, ukwephulwa okuncane noma iziqhekeza ezincane azibonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokucacile kwi-X-rays, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokulimaza. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile angakwazi ukuxilonga isibopho esiphukile ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa komzimba ngisho noma i-X-ray ibonakala ivamile. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukulimala kwakho akukhulu noma akubalulekile.