Umgqephu Lomhlombe: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Umgqephu lomhlombe uqala lapho omunye noma ngaphezulu kwamathanga esandleni sakho ephuka noma ephuka ngokuphelele. Lolu namahloni oluvamile luhlala luthinta ithanga le-radius, eliyithanga elikhulu ngakwesandla esikhulu sokhono lwakho oluseduze nomhlombe.

Umgqephu wakho uqukethe amathambo amancane ayisishiyagalombili kanye neziphetho zama-bone amabili okhono. Uma abantu bethi "umgqephu womhlombe," ngokuvamile bakhuluma ngokuphuka kwethanga le-radius ngaphezulu nje kwalapho lihlangana khona nesandla sakho. Lolu hlobo lokuphuka luvamile kangangokuba odokotela balubona njalo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zomgqephu womhlombe?

Cishe uyokwazi ukuthi kukhona okungalungile uma uphuka umhlombe wakho. Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile buyashesha futhi buyabulala, okwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa isandla sakho ngokujwayelekile.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ezibonisa ukuthi ungase ube nomgqephu womhlombe:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu obukhulu uma uzama ukubamba into noma uhambise umhlombe wakho
• Ukukhula okusheshayo okuzungezile umhlombe wakho nesandla
• Ukuqhuma okungase kuvele emahoreni ambalwa ngemva komonakalo
• Umgqephu wakho ubukeka ukhubazekile noma ukhonjwe nge-angle engavamile
• Awukwazi ukuhambisa umhlombe wakho noma izinzwane zakho ngokujwayelekile
• Ukungazizwa noma ukukhahlela ezinzwane zakho
• Umgqephu wakho ubuhlungu uma uthintwa, ngisho nangokukhanya

Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingase zibe yinkinga ngoba ukugqwala okukhulu kungase kuzwakale kufana nokuphuka. Uma ubhekene nobuhlungu obukhulu futhi awukwazi ukusebenzisa umhlombe wakho ngokujwayelekile, kuhlale kungcono ukuyihlola kunokucwaninga.

Ziyini izinhlobo zomgqephu womhlombe?

Akuwona wonke ama-fracture womhlombe afanayo, nokuqonda uhlobo kungakusiza ukwazi ukuthi yini okulindeleke. Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu lubizwa ngokuthi yi-Colles' fracture, eyenzeka lapho ithanga le-radius liphuka eduze nomhlombe.

Nazi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-fracture womhlombe:

• Colles' fracture: Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu lapho ithanga le-radius liphuka futhi ingxenye ephukile ibekwe phezulu
• Smith's fracture: Akukuvamile, lapho ingxenye ephukile ye-radius ibekwe phansi ngakwesandla sakho
• Barton's fracture: Lapho ukuphuka kuya endaweni yomhlangano womhlombe
• Scaphoid fracture: Ukuphuka kwenye yamathambo amancane womhlombe, ngokuvamile kunzima ukuthola kuma-X-rays
• Ulnar fracture: Lapho ithanga elincane lokono (ulna) liphuka eduze nomhlombe

Wonke uhlobo lungase luphile ngokuhlukile futhi ludedele izindlela zokwelapha ezithile. Udokotela wakho uzobona ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona nge-X-rays nokuhlolwa komzimba.

Yini ebangela umgqephu womhlombe?

Iningi lomgqephu womhlombe liqala lapho uwa futhi ubeke isandla sakho ukuze uzibambe. Lolu lwazi oluvamile lubekela amandla amakhulu amathambo omhlombe wakho, angabangela ukuba aphuke noma aphuke.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuwa phambili nokuwa esandleni esolukile
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo, ikakhulukazi emidlalweni efana nokubhukuda, ukuskiya, noma imidlalo yokuxhumana
• Izingozi zezimoto lapho uzibekela khona ebhodini
• Izingozi zebhayisikili lapho uwa khona phezu kwe-handlebars
• Ukukhuphuka e-ice, izitebhisi ezimanzi, noma izindawo ezingalingani

Izici ezithile zingenza amathambo omhlombe wakho abe nomkhuba wokuphakama. Uma une-osteoporosis, amathambo akho abuthakathaka futhi angaphuka ngamandla amancane. Kungakho abantu abadala, ikakhulukazi abesifazane ngemva kwe-menopause, besengozini enkulu yama-fracture womhlombe.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela ngomgqephu womhlombe?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ucindezela ukuthi umhlombe wakho ungase uphukile. Ngisho noma awuqiniseki ngokuphelele, kungcono ukuba uphephile uma ubhekene nama-fracture anekhono.

Hamba e-emergency room noma shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungathuthuki ngemithi yokuhlanza ubuhlungu
• Umgqephu wakho noma isandla sakho sibukeka sikhubazekile noma sikhonjwe ngokungavamile
• Awukwazi ukuhambisa izinzwane zakho noma umhlombe wakho nhlobo
• Izinzwane zakho azizweli, zikhahlela, noma ziphenduka zibomvu noma zimhlophe
• Ubona ithanga liphuma ngolusu
• Indawo ibonakala ibandayo noma awukwazi ukuzwa i-pulse yakho emhlombeni wakho

Ngisho nezimpawu ezibukeka zingathi azikabi nzima zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha phakathi nosuku noma amabili. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-fracture awabonakali ngokushesha, futhi ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kusenesikhathi kungavimbela ukuphazamiseka futhi kukusize uphulukise kangcono.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini yomgqephu womhlombe?

Nakuba noma ubani angaphuka umhlombe wakhe, izici ezithile zenza abanye abantu babe sengozini enkulu yalo mnakalo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe uma kudingeka.

Izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Iminyaka: Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 banamathambo abuthakathaka futhi banomkhuba wokwehla
• Osteoporosis: Lesi simo senza amathambo abe buthakathaka futhi abe nomkhuba wokuphakama
• Ukuba owesifazane: Abesifazane basengozini enkulu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwe-menopause ngenxa yokushintsha kwamahomoni
• Imithi ethile: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroid isikhathi eside kungabuthakathaka amathambo
• Isitayela sempilo esinamandla: Imidlalo kanye nemisebenzi yomzimba yandisa ingozi yokuwa
• Ukubona okubi: Kwenza kube nzima ukubona izithiyo ezingase zibangele ukuwa
• Izinkinga zokuqondana: Yandisa amathuba okuwa

Ukuba nezinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini akusho ukuthi uzophuka umhlombe wakho, kodwa ukwazi ngazo kungakusiza ukuba wenze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile mayelana nemisebenzi nezinyathelo zokuphepha.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngomgqephu womhlombe?

Iningi lomgqephu womhlombe luphila kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi izinkinga zingase zenzeke. Ukuba uqaphele lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kukusiza ukuba uqaphele lapho into ingaphili kahle.

Izinkinga ezivamile ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukukhubazeka: Umgqephu wakho ungase ungahambi ngokukhululekile njengakuqala, ikakhulukazi uma ungenzi i-physical therapy
• Arthritis: Ingase ibe khona eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ikakhulukazi uma ukuphuka kuhilele indawo yomhlangano
• Ukulimala kwezinzwa: Ngokuvamile, izinzwa zingase zilimale, zibangele ukungazizwa noma ubuthakathaka obuqhubekayo
• Ukutheleleka: Kunokwenzeka kakhulu uma ubeno-surgery noma ukuphuka okuvulekile
• Ukuphila okubi: Ngezinye izikhathi amathambo awaphili kahle, adinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zihlanganisa i-compartment syndrome, lapho ukukhula kukhawulela khona ukugeleza kwegazi, ne-complex regional pain syndrome, ebangela ubuhlungu obukhulu obuqhubekayo. Lezi zinkinga azivamile, futhi ukulandela imiyalo yodokotela wakho kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuzibona.

Umgqephu womhlombe utholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngendlela umonakalo wakho oqalile ngayo nokuhlola umhlombe wakho ngokucophelela. Bazobona ukukhula, ukuqhuma, nokuphuka, futhi bazohlola ngobumnene ukuthi ukwazi kangakanani ukuhambisa umhlombe wakho nezinzwane zakho.

Amathuluzi ayinhloko okuxilonga ahlanganisa:

• X-rays: Uvivinyo oluvamile kakhulu olukhombisa amathambo aphukile ngokucacile
• CT scan: Isebenza uma i-X-ray ingabonisi ngokugcwele ubukhulu bomonakalo
• MRI: Usuku olusiza ukubona ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile noma ama-fracture anzima ukuthola
• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela wakho uzohlola ubuhlungu, ukukhula, nokukwazi ukuhambisa

Ngezinye izikhathi ama-fracture amancane awabonakali ngokucacile ku-X-ray yokuqala, ikakhulukazi ama-fracture e-scaphoid. Uma udokotela wakho engabaza ukuphuka naphezu kwama-X-rays ajwayelekile, angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma akucele ukuba ubuyele ngemuva kweviki noma ezimbili ukuze uthole enye i-X-ray.

Ukuphathwa komgqephu womhlombe kuyini?

Ukuphathwa komgqephu womhlombe kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nethanga eliphukile, ukuthi liphukile kangakanani, nokuthi impilo yakho iphilile kangakanani. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lama-fracture womhlombe lingaphathwa ngempumelelo.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezingahileli u-surgery zihlanganisa:

• Casting: I-plaster noma i-fiberglass cast ibamba amathambo endaweni ngenkathi ephulukisa
• Splinting: Isebenza ekuqaleni lapho kukhona ukukhula okukhulu
• Reduction: Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukulungisa amathambo ngaphambi kokuthi afake i-cast

Ukuphathwa nge-surgery kungase kudingeke uma:

• Amathambo aphukile kakhulu noma awathembekile
• Ukuphuka kuhilela indawo yomhlangano
• Kukhona izingcezu eziningi zamathambo
• Ukuphathwa okungenawo u-surgery akugcini amathambo ehambisanayo

I-surgery ngokuvamile ihilela ukusebenzisa iziphetho, izikrufu, noma ama-pins ukubamba amathambo endaweni efanele ngenkathi ephulukisa. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela efanele isimo sakho esithile.

Ungazinakekela kanjani ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Ukukhathalela kahle wena ekhaya kudlala indima enkulu ekuphileni komhlombe wakho. Ukulandela le miyalo kungasiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuvimbela izinkinga, nokukhuphula ukuphulukisa kwakho.

Ngezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva komonakalo:

• Gcina umhlombe wakho uphakanyisiwe ngaphezu kwezinga lenhliziyo uma kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukukhula
• Faka i-ice imizuzu engama-15-20 ngesikhathi, izikhathi eziningi ngosuku
• Thatha imithi yokuhlanza ubuhlungu njengoba udokotela wakho ayiyalile
• Gcina i-cast yakho noma i-splint yakho yomile futhi icocekile
• Hambisa izinzwane zakho njalo ukuze ugcine ukugeleza kwegazi

Kuwo wonke inqubo yokuphulukisa kwakho, qaphela izimpawu zokuthi into ingase ibe yinkinga, njengokwanda kobhlungu, ukungazizwa, noma izinzwane eziphenduka zibomvu noma zimhlophe. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ungazami ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile ngokushesha kakhulu. Amathambo akho adinga isikhathi sokuphulukisa kahle, futhi ukucindezela kakhulu ngokushesha kakhulu kungase kubangele izinkinga noma ukulimala kabusha.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile nge-appointment yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeni kwakho futhi ungakhohlwa imininingwane ebalulekile. Bhala ulwazi ngenkathi lusafresh ememori yakho.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, lungiselela:

• Inkulumo eningiliziwe yendlela umonakalo oqalile ngayo
• Lapho umonakalo uqalile futhi ubenzeni
• Uhlu lwemithi yonke oyithathayo njengamanje
• Umbhalo wakho wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi noma yimiphi imali eyenzekile ngaphambili
• Imibuzo mayelana nezindlela zokwelapha nesikhathi sokuphulukisa
• Ulwazi mayelana nomsebenzi wakho nemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke

Letha umngani noma ilungu lomndeni uma kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma ubuhlungu obukhulu. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi oluqakathekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nomgqephu womhlombe?

Umgqephu womhlombe ulonamahloni oluvamile kodwa olukhulu oludinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokuphathwa. Nakuba kungase kube buhlungu futhi kuphazamise impilo yakho yansuku zonke, iningi labantu liphulukisa kahle ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuthi ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ucindezela ukuphuka, ulandele uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokucophelela, futhi ubekezele ngenqubo yokuphulukisa. Iningi lama-fracture womhlombe lithatha amasonto angu-6-8 ukuze aphulukise ngokwanele ukuba i-cast isuswe, nakuba kungase kuthathe izinyanga ezingu-3-6 ukuze ubuyisele amandla aphelele nokuhamba.

Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokubuyiselwa, ungalindela ukubuyela ezintweni eziningi zemisebenzi yakho evamile. Unganqikazi ukubuza iqembu lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo imibuzo mayelana nokuphulukisa kwakho noma noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka okungase kube khona endleleni.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngomgqephu womhlombe

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba umgqephu womhlombe uphulukise?

Iningi lomgqephu womhlombe lithatha amasonto angu-6-8 ukuze aphulukise ngokwanele ukuba i-cast isuswe. Noma kunjalo, kungase kuthathe izinyanga ezingu-3-6 ukuze ubuyisele amandla aphelele nokuhamba. Izinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, ubukhulu bokuphuka, nokuthi ulandela kangcono imiyalo yokwelapha konke kuchaphazela isikhathi sokuphulukisa. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho nge-follow-up X-rays ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amathambo aphulukisa kahle.

Ngingashayela yini imoto ngomgqephu womhlombe?

Akufanele ushayele imoto ngenkathi uqopha isandla sakho esiyinhloko, njengoba kuchaphazela ikhono lakho lokushayela ngokuphepha nokusebenzisa izilawuli. Uma isandla sakho esingeyona esiyinhloko siqopha, ungase ukwazi ukushayela imoto enesandla esisodwa, kodwa hlola kuqala nodokotela wakho. Inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ingase futhi ibe nezimfuneko ezithile mayelana nokushayela nge-cast, ngakho-ke kufanele uhlole inkontileka yakho.

Umgqephu wami uzoba yini ofanayo ngemva kokuba uphulukile?

Abantu abaningi bayabuya ngokusebenza okuphelele komhlombe wabo ngemva kokuba ukuphuka kuphulukile, ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa okufanele ne-physical therapy. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu bangase babe nokuqina okuncane noma ubuhlungu obumbalwa, ikakhulukazi ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Imiphumela icindezelwa izinto ezifana nobukhulu bokuphuka, iminyaka yakho, nokuthi ulandela kangcono uhlelo lwakho lokubuyiselwa.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma i-cast yami iwetuka?

Uma i-cast yakho iwetuka, xhumana nehhovisi lodokotela wakho ngokushesha. I-cast emanzi ingabangela izinkinga zesikhumba futhi ingase inganikeli ukwesekwa okufanele kwamathambo aphulukisayo. Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukushintsha i-cast. Ukuvimbela lokhu, sebenzisa isimbatho esingangeni manzi uma ugeza noma ubuze udokotela wakho ngezinketho ze-cast ezingangeni manzi uma zifanele ukulimala kwakho.

Ngingabuya nini emidlalweni ngemva komgqephu womhlombe?

Ukubuyela emidlalweni kuncike ohlotsheni lokuphuka, intuthuko yakho yokuphulukisa, nomdlalo othile. Ngokuvamile, uzodinga imvume yezokwelapha ngaphambi kokubuyela kunoma iyiphi imisebenzi yezemidlalo. Imidlalo yokuxhumana ingase idinge ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe noma isikhathi eside sokuphulukisa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukuphulukisa kwakho nge-X-rays nokuhlolwa komzimba ngaphambi kokukunika imvume yokubuyela emdlalweni wakho.