Ukuqunjelwa Kwe-Bronchitis? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Bronchitis iwukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi, izikhonkwane ezihambisa umoya emaphaphwini akho. Uma lezi zindlela zomoya ziqala ukuvuvukala futhi ziqina, zikhiqiza ukhulu olukhulu, okuholela ekukhohlweni okuqhubekayo okungakwenza uzizwe ubuhlungu.

Cabanga nge-bronchi yakho njengemigwaqo emikhulu yomoya oya emaphaphwini akho. Uma i-bronchitis iqala, kufana nalemi migwaqo eyiqina futhi ivuvukala, okwenza kube nzima ukuba umoya uqhubeke kahle. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlangothi eziningi ze-bronchitis ziyaphela ngokwazo ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokuphumula.

Imikhakha ye-bronchitis yini?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-bronchitis, nokuqonda umehluko kungakusiza ukwazi ukuthi yini okulindelekile. I-bronchitis ebukhali yilona uhlobo oluvamile futhi ngokuvamile iqala ngokuzumayo ngemva kokubanda noma ukutheleleka kokuphefumula.

I-bronchitis ebukhali ngokuvamile ihlala amasonto angu-1-3 futhi iphulukana ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside. Ukukhohlwa kwakho kungase kuqhubeke amasonto amaningana ngisho noma ezinye izimpawu ziphulukana, okuvamile njengoba izindlela zakho zomoya zilulama.

I-bronchitis eqhubekayo iyisimo esinzima, eside esiyinxalenye yesifo sokuphefumula esiqhubekayo (COPD). Lolu hlobo luhilela ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo okuhlala izinyanga futhi kuvamise ukubuya ngokuphindaphindiwe. Uthola ukuxilongwa kwe-bronchitis eqhubekayo uma unekhohlo elikhiqiza okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngeminyaka emibili elandelanayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-bronchitis?

Isici esiyinhloko se-bronchitis yikukhohlwa okuqhubekayo okuvamise ukuletha ukhulu. Lokhu kukhohlwa kungakukhathaza kakhulu futhi kungakugcina uvuka ebusuku, kodwa yindlela yomzimba wakho yokususa izinto ezikukhathazayo ezindleleni zakho zomoya.

Nawa izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukukhohlwa okuqhubekayo okungase kukhiqize ukhulu olucacile, olumhlophe, oluphuzi, noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• Ubuhlungu noma ukucindezeleka esifubeni
• Ukukhathala nokubukeka ulahlekile amandla
• Ukuphefumula okufushane, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba
• Ukuvuvukala okuncane (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-101°F)
• Intamo ebuhlungu ngenxa yokukhohlwa okuvamile
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba nokubanda

E-bronchitis eqhubekayo, ungase futhi ubone imisindo yokuquma uma uphefumula nobunzima obukhulu bemisebenzi yomzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi ekuseni nasezimeni ezibandayo, ezimanzi.

Abanye abantu bazizwa sengathi banokushisa esifubeni, okuvela ngoba izindlela zomoya ezivuvukile zinovalo. Lolu buhlungu ngokuvamile luphulukana njengoba ukuvuvukala kuya phansi.

Yini ebangela i-bronchitis?

Izimo eziningi ze-bronchitis ebukhali ziqala ngokutheleleka kwe-viral, okufana nalokho okubangela ukubanda okuvamile noma isifo sikagciwane. Lezi zikhuthazi zivuvukala izikhonkwane zakho, zibangela ukuba ziqine futhi zikhiqize ukhulu olukhulu.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwe-viral (okubangela cishe u-90% wezimo ze-bronchitis ebukhali)
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial (okungavamile, kodwa kungase kwenzeke)
• Ukuvezwa ezintweni ezikukhathazayo njengotshwala lwesiqhumane, ukungcola komoya, noma ukufuma kwezinto ezikhiqizwayo
• Uthuli, i-pollen, noma ezinye izinhlayiya zomoya
• Isifo sokubuyela emuva kwe-gastroesophageal (GERD), lapho ama-acid esisu evuvukala khona izindlela zomoya

I-bronchitis eqhubekayo inezinye izimbangela. Ukubhema yilona ibanga elikhulu, elibangela izimo eziningi. Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside ekubhemeni okusecondhand, ukungcola komoya, noma izinto ezikhiqizwayo zendawo yokusebenza kungase futhi kuholele ekuvuvukaleni okuqhubekayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-bronchitis iqala ngemva kokuba ube nokubanda noma isifo sikagciwane esibonakala sithuthuka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izindlela zakho zomoya zisazilulama futhi zivulekele ekuvuvukaleni okwengeziwe.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ye-bronchitis?

Izinto ezithile zingakwenza ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-bronchitis. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesizini yokubanda neyegciwane.

Izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Ukubhema noma ukuvezwa ekubhemeni okusecondhand
• Ukuba nesistimu yokukhulula ebuthakathaka
• Ubudala (abantwana abancinyane kakhulu nabantu abadala bakhona kakhulu)
• Ukuvezwa ezintweni ezikukhathazayo emaphaphwini emsebenzini noma endaweni
• Ukuba ne-asthma noma i-allergies
• Isifo sokubuyela emuva kwe-gastroesophageal (GERD)
• Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinokungcola komoya okuphezulu

Abantu abasebenza emikhakheni ethile bakhona kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa labo ababekwe ethulini le-grain, i-textiles, i-ammonia, ama-acid aqinile, noma i-chlorine. Ngisho nokuvezwa okwesikhashana kulezi zinto ezikukhathazayo kungase kubangele i-bronchitis kubantu abanovalo.

Ukuba nokutheleleka okuvamile kokuphefumula kungase futhi kukwenze ube sengozini enkulu, njengoba ukuvuvukala okuphindaphindayo kwenza izindlela zakho zomoya zibe lula ezingxakeni zesikhathi esizayo.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-bronchitis?

Izimo eziningi ze-bronchitis ebukhali ziyaphela ngokwazo, kodwa izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho zinzima noma azithuthuki njengoba kulindelekile.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukukhohlwa okuhlala izinyanga ezintathu noma ngaphezulu
• Ukuvuvukala okuphezulu kunoku-101°F (38.3°C)
• Ukukhohlwa igazi noma ukhulu olune-blood
• Ukuphefumula okufushane noma ukuquma okunzima
• Izimpawu ze-pneumonia, njengokuvuvukala okuphezulu ngokubanda okuzamazama
• Izimpawu ezimbi kunethuthukiso ngemva kweviki

Uma unezimo eziqhubekayo njengesihlalo senhliziyo, isifo samaphaphu, noma uhlelo lokukhulula oluthakathaka, kuhlakaniphile ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha kunokuba kube sekwephuzile. Lezi zimo zingenza i-bronchitis ibe nzima kakhulu.

Nge-bronchitis eqhubekayo, ukulandelela njalo kwezokwelapha kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga nokulawula izimpawu ngokuphumelelayo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-bronchitis?

Ngenkathi abantu abaningi bephulukana ne-bronchitis ebukhali ngaphandle kwezinkinga, izinkinga zingase zenzeke ngezinye izikhathi. Ukuba uqaphele lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kukusiza ukwazi ukuthi nini kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• I-Pneumonia (ukutheleleka okusakazwa emaphaphwini)
• I-bronchitis eqhubekayo evela ezingxenyeni ezibukhali eziphindaphindayo
• Ukubi kwe-asthma ekhona noma ezinye izimo zamaphaphu
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial okubangelwa yinto
• Ukuphulukana okuqhubekayo kubantu abanesistimu yokukhulula ebuthakathaka

I-bronchitis eqhubekayo ingase iholele ezingxakeni ezinkulu zesikhathi eside. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-emphysema, izinkinga zenhliziyo ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu okushoda komoya, nokutheleleka okuvamile kokuphefumula. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukushiya ukubhema kungase kucolise noma kuyeke ukukhula kwe-bronchitis eqhubekayo.

Abantu abaningi abane-bronchitis ebukhali baphulile ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo emisebenzini yamaphaphu abo.

I-bronchitis ingavikeleka kanjani?

Ungathatha izinyathelo eziningana ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-bronchitis. Izindlela zokuvimbela ezisebenza kakhulu zigxile ekuqedeni ukutheleleka kokuphefumula nezinto ezikukhathazayo emaphaphwini.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukugeza izandla zakho njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesizini yokubanda neyegciwane
• Ukuthola ukugonywa kwe-flu minyaka yonke
• Ukuqeda ukubhema notshwala lwesiqhumane
• Ukugqoka i-mask ezindaweni ezinezithuli noma ezingcolile
• Ukulawula izimo eziqhubekayo njenge-asthma noma i-GERD
• Ukuhlala unomoya futhi ugcine impilo enhle

Uma ubhema, ukushiya yilona yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela i-bronchitis eqhubekayo. Ngisho noma ube ubhema iminyaka eminingi, amaphaphu akho angaqala ukululama uma uyeka.

Ngesikhathi sesizini yokubanda neyegciwane, zama ukuqeda izindawo eziqine uma kungenzeka, futhi ungabelani ngezinto zakho siqu njengezikomishi noma izitsha nabanye abantu abangasifa.

I-bronchitis ixilongwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile angaxilonga i-bronchitis ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa komzimba. Uzolalela amaphaphu akho nge-stethoscope futhi akusize ngokukhohlwa kwakho, ukukhiqizwa kokhulu, nezifo zakamuva.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihilela ukuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka kokuphefumula kwakamuva. Udokotela wakho uzogxila kakhulu ekutheni ukukhohlwa kwakho kuhlale isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi ukhulu lwakho lubukeka kanjani.

Izivivinyo ezengeziwe kungase zidingeke ezimweni ezithile:

• I-X-ray yesifuba ukuqeda i-pneumonia
• I-Sputum culture uma ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial kukromelwe
• Izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu nge-bronchitis eqhubekayo
• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka

Nge-bronchitis eqhubekayo, udokotela wakho angase a-ode izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu ukuze alinganise ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukuqonda ubukhulu besimo nokuqondisa izinqumo zokwelapha.

Izimo eziningi ze-bronchitis ebukhali azidingi ukuhlolwa okuningi, njengoba ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile kucace ezimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis kugxile ekuqedeni izimpawu nokusekela inqubo yokululama yomzimba wakho. Izimo eziningi ze-bronchitis ebukhali zibangelwa yi-viruses, ngakho-ke ama-antibiotics awasizi futhi awachazwe njalo.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphumula nokutshala amanzi amaningi ukuze usiza umzimba wakho ukulwa nokutheleleka
• Ama-pain relievers angaphezulu kokuthengiswa njenge-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen
• Ama-cough suppressants ngokukhohlwa okunzima, okwomile okuvimba ukulala
• Ama-Expectorants ukuze asisize ukhulu
• Ama-humidifiers noma ukuphefumula umusi ukuze uthambise izindlela zomoya ezivuvukile
• Ama-Bronchodilators uma une-wheezing noma ubunzima bokuphuma

Udokotela wakho angase a-ode ama-antibiotics uma ekromelwa ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial noma uma unezinto ezithile ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini enkulu. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo samaphaphu esiqhubekayo noma uhlelo lokukhulula oluthakathaka.

Nge-bronchitis eqhubekayo, ukwelashwa kugxile ekucolisekeni kokukhula kwesifo nokulawuleni izimpawu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imithi yokwelapha, ukuphulukiswa kwamaphaphu, nokwelashwa komoya ezimweni ezinzima.

Ukuthatha ukwelashwa ekhaya ngesikhathi se-bronchitis?

Ukunakekela wena ekhaya kungakusiza kakhulu ekuphulukeni kwakho kwe-bronchitis. Umgomo ukusekela ukululama komzimba wakho ngenkathi ulawula izimpawu ezingathandeki.

Izindlela zokunakekelwa ekhaya ezisebenza kahle zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuza amanzi afudumele amaningi njengotshwala lwemifino, amanzi afudumele ane-honey, noma i-broth
• Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier noma ukuphefumula umusi ovela eshawa elifudumele
• Ukuphumula ngokwanele nokulala
• Ukuqeda utshwala lwesiqhumane nezinye izinto ezikukhathazayo emaphaphwini
• Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco ukuze usekele uhlelo lwakho lokukhulula
• Ukuthatha i-honey yokunciphisa ukukhohlwa (akufanele kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphansi kwonyaka)

Amanzi afudumele angase abe nomusa kakhulu futhi asisize ukhulu, okwenza kube lula ukukhohlwa. I-honey inezinto zokulwa nezifo ngokwemvelo futhi ingagqoka intanta yakho ukuze inciphisa ukukhohlwa.

Gwema ama-cough suppressants uma ukhulula ukhulu, njengoba ukukhohlwa kusiza ekuhlanzweni kwezindlela zakho zomoya. Kodwa-ke, uma ukukhohlwa okwomile kukugcina uvuka, i-cough suppressant ngaphambi kokulala kungase kube usizo.

Lalela umzimba wakho uphumule uma uzizwa ukhathele. Ukuphoqelela wena kakhulu kungase kucolise ukululama kwakho futhi kuholele ezingxakeni.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile nge-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphumelelayo kwe-bronchitis yakho. Cabanga ngezimpawu zakho futhi uqoqe ulwazi olufanele ngaphambili.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, cabanga ngalokhu:

• Ukubhala zonke izimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini
• Ukuqaphela ukuthi yini eyenza izimpawu zakho zibe ngcono noma zimbi
• Ukubala yonke imithi nezinhlanganisela ozithathayo
• Ukulungiselela imibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho nezindlela zokwelapha
• Ukuzisa uhlu lwezifo zakho zakamuva noma ukuvezwa

Lungela ukuchaza ukukhohlwa kwakho ngokuningiliziwe. Kuyomile noma kukhiqiza? Uyini umbala wokhulu? Usukhonjwe isikhathi esingakanani? Le mininingwane iyasiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Uma ubhema noma uvezwe ezintweni ezikukhathazayo emaphaphwini, qinisani ngalolu vezo. Udokotela wakho udinga lolu lwazi ukuze anikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu nezeluleko zokuvimbela.

Yini okuyinhloko mayelana ne-bronchitis?

I-bronchitis yisimo esivamile esivame ukuqeda ngokwalo ngokunakekelwa kwakho siqu nokuphumula. Ngenkathi ukukhohlwa okuqhubekayo kungase kukhathaze, ngokuvamile yindlela yomzimba wakho yokululama nokususa izinto ezikukhathazayo ezindleleni zakho zomoya.

Abantu abaningi abane-bronchitis ebukhali baphulile ngokuphelele phakathi kwamasonto angu-1-3 ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo. Okubalulekile ukuphumula, uhlale unomoya, futhi uqede izinto ezikukhathazayo emaphaphwini ngenkathi umzimba wakho ululama.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela yilona yona ihlale ivikela. Izinyathelo ezilula njengokuhlanza izandla njalo, ukuqeda utshwala lwesiqhumane, nokuthola ukugonywa kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola i-bronchitis.

Uma ukhathazekile ngezimpawu zakho noma azithuthuki njengoba kulindelekile, ungangabazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho. Ukusebenza ngokushesha kungase kuvimbele izinkinga futhi kukusize uzizwe kangcono ngokushesha.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana ne-bronchitis

Ingabe i-bronchitis iyadluliseka?

Izifo ezingela i-bronchitis zingadluliseka, kodwa i-bronchitis ngokwayo ayidluliseki ngqo kumuntu komunye. Uma i-bronchitis yakho iqale ngokubanda noma isifo sikagciwane, ungase ube nodlame ezingxenyeni zokuqala uma une-fever noma ezinye izimpawu ze-viral. Uma usuvele ungenayo i-fever amahora angu-24, ngokuvamile awusadluliseki.

I-bronchitis ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-bronchitis ebukhali ngokuvamile ihlala amasonto angu-1-3, nakuba ukukhohlwa kwakho kungase kuqhubeke amasonto amaningana ngemva kokuba ezinye izimpawu ziphulukana. Lokhu kukhohlwa okuqhubekayo kuyinto evamile futhi akusho ukuthi usalulama.

Ngingasebenza yini nge-bronchitis?

Kungcono ukuphumula futhi uqede umsebenzi onzima ngenkathi une-bronchitis ebukhali. Imisebenzi elula njengokuhamba okuthambile ngokuvamile kulungile uma uzizwa ukhona, kodwa lalela umzimba wakho. Buyela emisebenzini yakho evamile kancane uma izimpawu zakho ziphulukana futhi unemandla amaningi.

Kufanele ngihlale ekhaya emsebenzini nge-bronchitis?

Uma une-fever, uzizwa ungaphili kahle, noma usezingxenyeni zokuqala ze-bronchitis ye-viral, ukuhlala ekhaya kuhlakaniphile kokubili ekuphulukeni kwakho nokuvimbela ukusabalalisa isifo kwabanye. Ungase ubuyele emsebenzini uma usuvele ungenayo i-fever futhi uzizwa kangcono, ngisho noma usene-cough encane.

Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikudle noma ngikugweme nge-bronchitis?

Gxilisa ukudla okunomsoco, okulula ukuludla okusekela uhlelo lwakho lokukhulula. Usuphu olufudumile, utshwala lwemifino, nokudla okunomsoco we-vitamin C kungaba usizo. Gwema i-dairy uma uthola ukuthi ikhuphula ukukhiqizwa kokhulu, nakuba lokhu kuyahlukahluka kumuntu komunye. Hlala unomoya ngamanzi, utshwala lwemifino, ne-broths ezihlanzekile.