Ukuqala Kwemishini: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukushisa kuyizikhawu eziqeda isikhumba sakho namanye amalunga omzimba ngenxa yokushisa, amakhemikhali, umbane, noma ukukhanya okukhulu. Kwenzeka lapho amandla la elimaza amaseli emzimbeni wakho, ebangela ubuhlungu, ubomvu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amabhubhu noma ukulimala okukhulu kwamanye amalunga.

Iningi lemikhawu lincane futhi liyaphola lodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izikhawu zingaba nzima futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela izinkinga nokuthuthukisa ukwelashwa okuhle.

Iyini imikhawu?

Ukushisa kwenzeka lapho isikhumba sakho noma amanye amalunga omzimba elimazeka ngenxa yokushisa okukhulu, amakhemikhali aqinile, umbane, noma ukukhanya okukhulu. Isikhumba sakho sisebenza njengesivikelo, futhi lapho siqeda amandla la, amaseli awohloka futhi adala ukulimala esikubiza ngokuthi ukushisa.

Ukushisa kungaba ubomvu obuncane obuzwakala njengokushisa kwelanga kuya ekulimaleni okukhulu okulimaza izigaba eziningi zesikhumba namanye amalunga ngaphansi. Ubunzima buxhomeke ekushiseni komthombo, isikhathi obekukhona kuwo, nokuthi yiliphi ilungu lomzimba elikhuthazwe.

Ziyini izinhlobo zemikhawu?

Ukushisa kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezahlukene ngokuthi kuya kubanzi kangakanani esikhumbini nasemalungwini. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kuzokusiza wazi ukuthi nini kufanele welaphe ukushisa ekhaya futhi nini kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ukushisa kwezinga lokuqala kuqeda kuphela isigaba sangaphandle sesikhumba sakho, esibizwa ngokuthi i-epidermis. Lokhu kushisa kubangela ubomvu, ukukhuluphala okuncane, nobuhlungu, kodwa akuveli amabhubhu. Cabanga ngokushisa kwelanga okuncane noma ukuthinta isitovu esishisayo okwesikhashana.

Ukushisa kwezinga lesibili kuya ngokujulile futhi kulimaza isigaba sangaphandle sesikhumba kanye nesigaba esingaphansi, esibizwa ngokuthi i-dermis. Lokhu kushisa kwenza amabhubhu abuhlungu, ukukhuluphala okukhulu, futhi kungabonakala libomvu noma elimhlophe. Ngokuvamile kuvela ngenxa yokushisa kwelanga okukhulu noma ukuxhumana okufushane nemithombo eshisayo kakhulu.

Ukushisa kwezinga lesithathu kuqeda zonke izigaba zesikhumba sakho futhi kungalimaza amanoni, imisipha, nethambo ngaphansi. Indawo eshisayo ingabonakala imhlophe, ebomvu, noma emnyama, futhi ngokumangazayo, ngokuvamile ayibuhlungu kakhulu ngoba nezinzwa zilimale.

Ukushisa kwezinga lesine yilona uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke, oluya kuzo zonke izigaba zesikhumba kuya emisipha, ezinzwini, nasethambeni. Lezi zikhawu ezisongela impilo zidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo futhi ngokuvamile zivela ngenxa yokubekwa isikhathi eside ekushiseni okukhulu noma ezingozi zombane.

Ziyini izimpawu zemikhawu?

Izimpawu zemikhawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukulimala kunzima kangakanani, kodwa kunezibonakaliso ezicacile okufanele uzibheke. Ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu kuzokusiza uqonde ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokushisa olulokhu uhlushwa yilo nokuthi udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha yini.

Izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu obungaba ukungakhululeki okuncane kuya ebuhlungwini obukhulu, obukhulu.
• Ubomvu nokuvuvukala endaweni eshisayo.
• Amabhubhu angase avele ngokushesha noma athuthukiswe ngosuku olulodwa noma amabili.
• Ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba njengoba ukushisa kuqala ukwelashwa.
• Isikhumba esimhlophe noma esishiswe ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.
• Ukuqanduleka uma ukushisa kuhlanganisa indawo enkulu noma kuqala ukutheleleka.

Ukushisa okukhulu kungase futhi kubangele izimpawu zokushona njengobunqunu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma ukuphefumula okunzima. Lezi zibonakaliso zibonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho uyalwela ukubhekana nokulimala futhi udinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela ukushisa?

Ukushisa kungase kubangelwe imithombo eminingi ehlukene empilweni yakho yansuku zonke, futhi ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kungakusiza uvikele ukulimala kwesikhathi esizayo. Iningi lemikhawu liyenzeka ekhaya ngezinto ezivamile, kodwa lingase futhi liyenzeke emsebenzini noma ngezinto zokuzilibazisa.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Izinto ezishisayo njengamanzi abilayo, ikhofi, noma amafutha okupheka aphonsa esikhumbini sakho.
• Ukuthinta ngqo izinto ezishisayo njengesitovu, i-ayini, noma imithi eshisayo.
• Umoya ovuthayo ovela ezibani, ezinkundleni zomlilo, noma ezingozi zokupheka.
• Umoya ovela eziketeni, ezikhukhuleni zokupheka, noma emithini eshisayo.
• Ukuvezwa amakhemikhali ovela ezihlanzini zasekhaya, ama-asidi, noma izinto zezimboni.
• Ukushisa kombane ovela ezingxenyeni ze-wiring ezingezinhle, ukukhanya, noma ukuxhumana nemithombo yamandla.
• Ukushisa kokukhanya ovela ekuvezweni kwelanga, ezikamelweni zokushisa, noma ekuwelapheni kwezokwelapha.

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zihlanganisa ukuqhuma, izingozi zezimoto, noma ukuvezwa ekubandeni okukhulu (okwenza ukulimala okufana nokushisa). Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kuzokusiza uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele ezimweni ezahlukene.

Nini kufanele ubheke udokotela ngenxa yokushisa?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ukushisa kwakho kukhulu kunamasentimitha amathathu, kuqeda izindawo ezinzima njengobuso noma izintambo, noma kubonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka. Ungalindi ukuthola usizo uma ungaqiniseki ngobunzima.

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo ngokushesha uma uqaphela:

• Ukushisa okuhlanganisa ngaphezu kuka-10% yomzimba wakho (isayizi yesandla sakho cishe ingama-1%).
• Ukushisa kwezinga lesithathu noma lesine ngesikhumba esimhlophe, esibomvu, noma esishiswe.
• Ukushisa ebusweni, ezandleni, ezinyaweni, emathangeni, noma ezinzwini ezinkulu.
• Ukushisa kwamakhemikhali noma umbane, kungakhathaliseki usayizi.
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengobuningi bobuhlungu, ukuqanduleka, i-pus, noma imigqa ebomvu.
• Ukushisa kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-5 noma abantu abadala abangaphezu kwengu-70.

Kufanele futhi ubheke udokotela phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma amabili uma ukushisa kwakho kungapholi kahle, kuthuthukisa ukukhishwa okungavamile, noma uma ungakaqali ukudutshulwa kwe-tetanus eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule. Themba izinzwa zakho mayelana nokuthi nini okuthile akukuhle.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini yokushisa?

Izinto ezithile zikwenza ube nethuba elikhulu lokuhlushwa ukushisa noma ube nokulimala okukhulu lapho kwenzeka ukushisa. Ukuqaphela lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kuzokusiza uthathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe futhi uqonde ukuthi nini ungase ube buthakathaka kakhulu.

Abantu abasezingozini eziphezulu bahlanganisa:

• Abantwana abancinyane abanobuqili futhi abakazazi ngezingozi.
• Abantu abadala abakhulu abangase babe nezindlela ezihamba kancane nesikhumba esibuthakathaka.
• Abantu abanezinkinga ezikhuthaza ukunyakaza, ukuzwa, noma ukwahlulela.
• Abasebenzi emikhakheni ethile njengezindawo zokudlela, ukukhiqiza, noma ukwakha.
• Labo abanezinhlungu zezokwelapha njengesihlalo esithinta ukwelashwa nokujikeleza kwegazi.
• Abantu abasebenzisa imithi eyenza isikhumba sibe nomuzwa kakhulu elangeni noma ekushiseni.

Izinto ezingaphandle zidlalela indima, njengezindlu ezingenazo izixwayiso zomlilo, ukukhanya okungafanele, noma izindawo ezihlanganisiwe ezenza kube nzima ukuhamba ngokushesha ukusuka engozini. Ngisho nezimo zesikhashana njengokukhathala, ukucindezeleka, noma ukuphazamiseka kungase kukwenze ube sengozini yokushisa.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokushisa?

Nakuba iningi lemikhawu emincane liyaphola ngaphandle kwezinkinga, imikhawu emikhulu ingase iholele ezinkingeni eziqeda impilo yakho nokwelashwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingase zenzeke kuzokusiza uqonde izibonakaliso zokuqaphela futhi ufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele lapho kudingeka.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka, okungase kuqede ukwelashwa futhi kwasakazeka kwamanye amalunga omzimba.
• Amabala angase akhawulele ukunyakaza uma evela ezintanjeni noma ezindaweni ezinkulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa amanzi nokuqothuka, ikakhulukazi ngemikhawu emikhulu.
• Ukuphefumula okunzima uma uqhepheze umoya noma umoya oshisayo ngesikhathi sokulimala.
• Izinkinga zokulawula ukushisa komzimba ngoba isikhumba esilimele singakwazi ukulawula ukushisa komzimba kahle.
• Ukulimala ngokomzwelo okungase kudinge ukwelashwa noma ukusekelwa.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zingase zihlanganise ukutheleleka okukhulu okusakazekayo kulo lonke umzimba, izinkinga zezinso ezivela ekuqothukeni, noma isidingo se-skin grafts ukulungisa ukulimala okukhulu. Abantu abaningi bayaphola kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele, kodwa imikhawu emikhulu idinga ukulandelelwa ngokucophelela ochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukushisa?

Iningi lemikhawu lingagwenywa ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezilula nokuqaphela izingozi ezivamile ezindlini nasemisebenzini yakho. Ukuthatha izinyathelo ezimbalwa kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba okulimala ngenxa yokushisa.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

• Ukufaka nokugcina izixwayiso zomlilo kuzo zonke izingxenye zendlu yakho.
• Ukugcina izintambo zezinsimbi zibhekene ngaphakathi ngesikhathi sokupheka nokusebenzisa izitovu zasemuva uma kungenzeka.
• Ukuhlola ubushisa bamanzi ngaphambi kokugeza, ikakhulukazi kubantwana noma amalunga omndeni asebekhulile.
• Ukugcina amamatshi, izibani, namakhemikhali ngokuphepha kude nabantwana.
• Ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen nezambatho zokulondoloza lapho uchitha isikhathi ngaphandle.
• Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yombane njalo nokuqeda izinto ezikhipha umbane.
• Ukwenza futhi ukwenza uhlelo lokuphunyuka emlilweni nomndeni wakho.

Emsebenzini, landela zonke izinqubo zokuphepha, gqoka imishini yokulondoloza efanele, futhi uhlale uxolo lapho usebenza eduze nemithombo yokushisa noma amakhemikhali. Imikhuba elula njengokuhlala ugxile ngesikhathi sokupheka noma ukugcina umcibisheli womlilo eduze ingenza umehluko omkhulu ekuvinjelweni kwezinhlekelele.

Ukushisa kuhlonzwa kanjani?

Abanakekeli bezempilo bahlonzwa ukushisa ngokuhlola ngokucophelela indawo elimele futhi ngokubuza ukuthi ukulimala kwenzeke kanjani. Kudingeka baqonde ukujula, usayizi, nendawo yokushisa ukuze benze uhlelo lokwelapha oluhle kakhulu esimweni sakho esithile.

Phakathi kokuhlolwa kwakho, udokotela wakho uzobheka umbala nokuqina kwesikhumba eshisayo, ahlole ukuthi unemizwa emingakanani endaweni, futhi afake usayizi wokushisa. Bangase futhi bahlole impilo yakho yonke, kufaka phakathi ukuphefumula kwakho, ukucindezela kwegazi, nezibonakaliso zokushona uma ukushisa kunzima.

Ngohlobo oluthile lokushisa, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo. Uma uqhepheze umoya, udokotela wakho angase ayalele i-X-rays yesifuba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amazinga akho oksijini. Ukushisa kwamakhemikhali kungase kudinge ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuqonda into ehilelekile nokuqondisa izinqumo zokwelapha.

Iyini ukwelashwa kokushisa?

Ukwelashwa kokushisa kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngobunzima nohlobo lokulimala olulokhu unalo. Izinjongo eziyinhloko ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, nokusiza isikhumba sakho siphulukiswe ngokuphelele ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngokwelashwa kokushisa kwezinga lokuqala, ukwelashwa kugxile ekupholiseni indawo nasekulawuleni ukungakhululeki. Udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukusebenzisa izinto ezibandayo, imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, nama-moisturizers olula ukusekela ukwelashwa.

Ukushisa kwezinga lesibili ngokuvamile kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukuhlanza nokuhlunga umlomo ngochwepheshe.
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ukulawula ukungakhululeki okukhulu.
• Ama-ointments e-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
• Ukuvakashela udokotela njalo ukuqapha intuthuko yokwelashwa.

Ukushisa kwezinga lesithathu nelesine kudinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela ngokushesha futhi kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlinzwa, i-skin grafts, noma ukunakekelwa okukhethekile komlomo e-burn center. Lezi zikhawu ezinzima ngokuvamile zidinga amasonto noma izinyanga zokwelashwa nokubuyiselwa ukuze kufinyelelwe umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

Indlela yokwelapha ukushisa ekhaya

Ukunakekelwa kokuqala okufanele kokushisa okuncane kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukwelashwa nokunciphisa ukungakhululeki kwakho. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kokushisa ongakwelapha ngokuphepha ekhaya nalabo abadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ochwepheshe.

Ngokwelashwa kokushisa okuncane kwezinga lokuqala, qala ngokupholisa indawo ngamanzi abandayo (angeyona amanzi abandayo kakhulu) imizuzu eyi-10-15. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuyeka inqubo yokushisa futhi kunikeze ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngokushesha. Susa noma iyiphi imihlobiso noma izingubo ezinamandla endaweni ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukukhuluphala.

Ngemva kokupholisa, shaya indawo ngobumnene bese ufake i-aloe vera encane noma ijeli yokushisa eklanywe ngokukhethekile kokushisa okuncane. Mbopha ukushisa ngebhande elihlanzekile, elingagcini futhi ulishintshe nsuku zonke ngenkathi ugcina indawo ihlanzekile futhi yomile.

Ungalokothi usebenzise iqhwa, ibhotela, amafutha, noma izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya njenge-toothpaste kokushisa, ngoba lezi zinto zingalimaza ngempela ukulimala noma zikhulise ingozi yokutheleleka. Uma amabhubhu evela, ungawaqhekeki, ngoba le ndawo yokulondoloza ikusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngenkathi isikhumba sakho siphola ngaphansi.

Indlela yokulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela

Ukuba ulungile ngokuvakashela udokotela wakho kuzokusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu ngenxa yokulimala kwakho kokushisa. Ukuba nolwazi olufanele kulungile kuzokuvumela umhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha ukuba enze izinqumo zokwelapha ezifanele ngokushesha.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala phansi ukuthi ukushisa kwenzeke kanjani, kufaka phakathi ukuthi yini eyibangele, isikhathi obekukhona kuyo, nokunakekelwa kokuqala osekunikeze lona. Thatha izithombe zokushisa uma kungenzeka, ngoba lokhu kuzokusiza ukuqopha ukubonakala kokulimal kwesikhathi eside.

Letha uhlu lwayo yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje, kufaka phakathi imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nezinye izinto. Phawula futhi noma yiziphi izinto ozithandayo, ikakhulukazi kuma-antibiotic noma imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu engase ibhaliwe ngenxa yokwelashwa kwakho kokushisa.

Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nesikhathi sakho sokwelashwa, izimpawu zezinkinga okufanele uzibheke, nokuthi nini ungabuya emisebenzini yakho evamile. Unganqikazi ukubuza mayelana nezinqubo zokunakekelwa komlomo ofanele noma ukuthi nini kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti yokulandelela.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nokushisa?

Ukushisa kuyizikhawu ezivamile ezivela ekuhluphekeni okuncane kuya ezimeni zezokwelapha ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwabachwepheshe. Isifuba somphumela omuhle ukubona ubunzima bokushisa kwakho nokusebenza ngokufanele ngokunakekelwa kokuqala nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha lapho kudingeka.

Iningi lemikhawu liyaphola kahle ngokunakekelwa okufanele, futhi iningi lingagwenywa ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezilula empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Themba izinzwa zakho mayelana nokuthi nini ukushisa kubonakala kunzima kakhulu kunalokho ongakubhekana nakho ekhaya, futhi unganqikazi ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ungaqiniseki.

Khumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa okuhle kudinga isikhathi, futhi ukulandela imiyalo yomhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha ngokucophelela kukunika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphulukiswa ngokuphelele ngamabala amancane noma izinkinga. Ngenhlanhla efanele, abantu abaningi bayaphola ngokuphelele ekulimaleni kokushisa futhi babuyele emisebenzini yabo evamile.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana nokushisa

UMbuzo 1: Kufanele ngifake iqhwa kokushisa?

Cha, ungalokothi ufake iqhwa ngokuqondile kokushisa. Iqhwa lingalimaza ngokwengeziwe isikhumba sakho esilimele futhi lingase liholele ekuqandulekeni. Esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisa amanzi abandayo (angeyona amanzi abandayo kakhulu) imizuzu eyi-10-15 ukupholisa ukushisa ngobumnene nokunciphisa ubuhlungu.

UMbuzo 2: Amabhubhu okushisa avele nini futhi kufanele ngiwawuqhekeke?

Amabhubhu ngokuvamile avele ngamahora kuya ngosuku olulodwa ngemva kokuba ukushisa kwezinga lesibili kwenzeke. Ungalokothi uqheke amabhubhu okushisa, ngoba anikeza isivikelo semvelo ekutholakaleni ngenkathi isikhumba sakho siphola ngaphansi. Uma ibhubhu liqhekeka lodwa, hlanza indawo ngobumnene bese ufake i-ointment ye-antibiotic ngebhande elihlanzekile.

UMbuzo 3: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba ukushisa kuphole?

Ukushisa kwezinga lokuqala ngokuvamile kuyaphola phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-3-7, kuyilapho ukushisa kwezinga lesibili kungathatha amasonto ama-2-3 kuye ngokujulile kwalo. Ukushisa kwezinga lesithathu kudinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha futhi kungathatha izinyanga ukwelashwa, ngokuvamile kudinga i-skin grafts noma ezinye izinqubo zokuhlola.

UMbuzo 4: Ngingasebenzisa ibhotela noma amafutha kokushisa?

Cha, ungalokothi usebenzise ibhotela, amafutha, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya kokushisa. Lezi zinto zingagcina ukushisa esikhumbini sakho, zenze ukushisa kube sibi kakhulu, futhi zikhulise ingozi yokutheleleka. Namathela emanzini abandayo, i-aloe vera, noma imikhiqizo eklanywe ngokukhethekile ekunakekelweni kokushisa.

UMbuzo 5: Nini kufanele ngikhathazeke ngokutheleleka kokushisa?

Bheka izimpawu zokutheleleka kufaka phakathi ukwanda kobuhlungu, ubomvu obukhulu kunendawo eshisayo, ukushisa endaweni elimele, i-pus noma ukukhishwa okungavamile, ukuqanduleka, noma imigqa ebomvu evela kokushisa. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi lezi zimpawu, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha ngokushesha ngoba ukutheleleka kungaba nzima ngokushesha.