Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman yisimo esingavamile esithinta ama-lymph nodes wakho nesistimu yakho yokukhulula. Kubangela ama-lymph nodes akhule abeyinkulu kunokujwayelekile futhi kungakwenza uzizwe ungaphili kahle ngezimpawu ezinjengokukhathala, ukufiphaza, nokulahlekelwa isisindo.

Lesi simo asiyona i-kansa, kodwa ihilela ukukhula okungavamile kwamaselula ohlelweni lwakho lwe-lymphatic. Ama-lymph nodes akho, avamile asiza ekuqedeni ukutheleleka, aba khulu futhi asebenza kakhulu. Nakuba ubuthakathaka be-Castleman bungavamile, ukuqonda kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu bese ufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Imikhakha yobuthakathaka be-Castleman yini?

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman buza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko, futhi ukwazi umehluko kusiza odokotela ukuba bakhethe indlela yokwelapha efanele. Uhlobo olukhona luthinta indlela isimo esiziphatha ngayo nezimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo.

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obungqongqo olulodwa buthinta iqembu elilodwa lama-lymph nodes endaweni eyodwa yomzimba wakho. Lolu hlobo luvamile lungabi sibi kakhulu futhi luvamile lungabangeli izimpawu kulo lonke umzimba wakho. Abantu abaningi abanolwazi lolu hlobo bazizwa bephilile futhi bangase baphawule kuphela i-lump noma ukukhula kwendawo eyodwa.

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi buhilela amaqembu amaningi ama-lymph nodes kulo lonke umzimba wakho. Lolu hlobo luvamile lubangela izimpawu eziningi futhi lungakwenza uzizwe ungaphili kahle. Kunzima ukwelapha ngoba luthinta lonke uhlelo lwakho lwe-lymphatic kunokuba kube yindawo eyodwa kuphela.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutholakala kobuthakathaka be-Castleman?

Izimpawu zokutholakala kobuthakathaka be-Castleman zingase zihluke kakhulu kuye ngohlobo olukhona. Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezilula kakhulu, kanti abanye bazizwa bengaphili kahle ngezimpawu eziningi ezithinta impilo yabo yansuku zonke.

Uma unayo ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obungqongqo olulodwa, ungase uhlangabezane nalokhu:

• I-lump engahlungulu noma ukukhula entanyeni yakho, e-armpit, noma e-groin
• Ukungakhululeki okuncane noma ukucindezela endaweni ethintekile
• Ukukhathala okungahleli noma ukuzizwa ukhuluphuku

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela kancane kancane futhi zingase zingathinti kakhulu imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi buvamile bubangela izimpawu ezibonakalayo kulo lonke umzimba wakho:

• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo okungaphuli ngokuphumula
• Ukufiphaza okuza futhi kuhambe ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphandle kokuhlose ezinyangeni ezimbalwa noma eziningi
• Ukukhipha ukushisa okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusuku
• Ama-lymph nodes akhulile ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba wakho
• I-rashes yesikhumba noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba
• Ukuphefumula ngokunzima ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile
• Ukuphefumula noma ukulahlekelwa ukulangazelela ukudla

Lezi zimpawu zingathinta kakhulu indlela ozizwa ngayo usuku nosuku futhi zivame ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bafune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela ubuthakathaka be-Castleman?

Imbangela eqondile yobuthakathaka be-Castleman ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi baye baqaphela izinto eziningana ezingase zinikeze ukukhula kwayo. I-immune system yakho idlala indima ebalulekile kulesi simo, nakuba izici zingase zihluke.

Ngokuqondene nobuthakathaka be-Castleman obungqongqo olulodwa, imbangela ivame ukungaziwa. I-immune system yakho ingase ivele iphendule kakhulu endaweni eyodwa, ibingela ama-lymph nodes ukuba akhule abeyinkulu kunokujwayelekile. Lolu hlobo alubonakali luhlobene nokutheleleka noma ezinye izici ezithile eziningi zezimangalo.

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi bunoxhumano oluqondakala kakhulu. I-virus ebizwa nge-human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) itholakala kubantu abaningi abanolwazi lolu hlobo, ikakhulu labo abane-immune system ebuthakathaka. Le virus ingase iqalise impendulo engavamile ye-immune ephawula lesi simo.

Ezinye izinto ezingase zinikeze ukukhula zihlanganisa izimo ze-autoimmune lapho i-immune system yakho ihlasela ngephutha izicubu eziphilile. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuba ne-HIV noma ezinye izimo ezibuthakathaka i-immune system yakho kungase kukhulise ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi.

Kufanele ubone nini udokotela ngobuthakathaka be-Castleman?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela ama-lymph nodes akhulile ahlala isikhathi eside angapheli emva kwamasonto ambalwa. Nakuba ama-lymph nodes akhulile avame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka okuvamile, lawo ahlobene nobuthakathaka be-Castleman avamile angaphumi asuka esimeni esijwayelekile.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokufiphaza okungachazeki, ukulahlekelwa isisindo okukhulu, noma ukukhathala okuqhubekayo okuhlupha imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Lezi zimpawu, ikakhulu uma zivela ndawonye, zidinga ukuhlolwa ochwepheshe bezempilo.

Ungalindi ukubona udokotela wakho uma uthuthukisa ama-lymph nodes amaningi akhulile ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wakho, njengentanyeni yakho, ama-armpits, ne-groin ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lolu hlobo luvamile lungavamile ngokutheleleka okuvamile futhi kufanele luhlolwe.

Xhumana nochwepheshe wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu njengokuphefumula okunzima, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu. Nakuba kungavamile, lokhu kungase kubonise izinkinga ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ziyini izinto ezikhuthaza ubuthakathaka be-Castleman?

Izinto eziningana zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okukhula kobuthakathaka be-Castleman, nakuba ukuba nalezi zinto ezikhuthaza akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile lesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto zingakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuba niqaphele izimpawu ezingase zibe khona.

Ukuba ne-immune system ebuthakathaka yiyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu ekhuthaza, ikakhulu ngobunono be-Castleman obuningi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abantu abane-HIV, labo abasebenzisa imithi ye-immunosuppressive, noma noma ubani onezimo ezibuthakathaka umsebenzi we-immune.

Ubudala bungase futhi bube nendima, nakuba ubuthakathaka be-Castleman bungase buvele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ekuphileni. Ubuthakathaka obunqongqo olulodwa buvamise ukuthinta abantu abadala abasebasha ezinganeni zabo ezingama-20 nama-30, kanti ubuthakathaka obuningi buvamile kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.

Ukutheleleka nge-human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) kukhuthaza kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi. Le virus ivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezithile zezwe, kuhlanganise ezingxenyeni zase-Afrika naseMediterranean.

Amadoda abonakala engozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi kunabesifazane, nakuba izizathu zalesi sihluko azicaci ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, womabili ama-types esimo angathinta abantu banoma yiluphi ubulili.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngobunono be-Castleman?

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman bungase buhole ezingxakini ezahlukene, ikakhulu uma lungelaphi kahle noma uma unolwazi lolu hlobo obuningi. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingase zibe khona kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani ukuxilongwa okusheshayo nokwelashwa kubalulekile.

Izinkinga ezivamile ezingase zithuthuke zihlanganisa:

• I-anemia enzima ebangela ukukhathala okukhulu nobuthakathaka
• Izinkinga zezinso ezithinta indlela izinso zakho ezihlanza ngayo imfucuza
• Ukusebenza okungalungile kwesibindi okungase kubangele ukukhula kombala oluphuzi wesikhumba noma amehlo
• Ukungena kakhulu kokutheleleka ngenxa yokusebenza okungalungile kwe-immune system
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo, kuhlanganise inhliziyo enkulu noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile
• Izinkinga zamalunga ezingase zibangele ukuphefumula okunzima

Lezi zinkinga zenzeka ngoba impendulo ye-immune ephakeme kakhulu ithonya izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba kulo lonke umzimba wakho.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi bungase bukhulisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezithile ze-lymphoma, uhlobo lwe-kansa legazi. Lolu luhlobo luphindwe kakhulu kubantu abane-HIV noma ukutheleleka kwe-HHV-8. Kodwa-ke, ngokubeka iliso okufanele nokwelapha, le nkinga ingavimbeka noma itholakale ngokushesha.

Abanye abantu bangase futhi bathuthukise isimo esibizwa nge-POEMS syndrome, esithinta izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba futhi singase sibangele ukonakala kwama-nerve, ukushintsha kwesikhumba, nezinye izimpawu ezinkulu. Lena yinkinga engavamile kodwa enzima edinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile.

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman buxilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kobunono be-Castleman kudinga izinyathelo eziningana ngoba izimpawu zalo zingafana nezinye izimo. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola okuphelele nomlando wezokwelapha ukuqonda izimpawu zakho nokuthi uzitholile isikhathi esingakanani.

Izivivinyo zegazi ngokuvamile yiyona nyathelo lokuqala lokuxilonga. Lezi zivivinyo zihlala zibheka izimpawu zokuvuvukala, i-anemia, nezinye izinto ezingavamile ezivame ukwenzeka ngobunono be-Castleman. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlole ukutheleleka okuthile njenge-HHV-8 noma i-HIV engase ihlobene nesimo.

Izifundo zokutholakala zisiza udokotela wakho ukuba abone ukuthi yimaphi ama-lymph nodes akhulile nokuthi abekwe kuphi. I-CT scans noma i-PET scans zingabonisa ama-lymph nodes akhulile kulo lonke umzimba wakho futhi zisize ekuqondeni ukuthi unayo yini ubuthakathaka obunqongqo olulodwa noma obuningi.

I-lymph node biopsy ngokuvamile idingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ngalesi senzo, udokotela wakho ususa ingxenye encane ye-lymph node enkulu ukuyihlala ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Lolu vivivinyo lungabonisa ngokuqinisekile izindlela zamaseli ezibonakala ku-Castleman disease.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze i-bone marrow biopsy uma ecindezela izinkinga noma udinga ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nendlela isimo esithinta ngayo amaseli egazi lakho. Lolu vivivinyo luhilela ukuthatha isampula encane ngaphakathi kwempumputhe yakho ukuhlola amaseli akhiqiza igazi lakho.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha ubuthakathaka be-Castleman?

Ukuphathwa kobunono be-Castleman kuncike kuhlobo olukhona nokuthi izimpawu zakho zinkulu kangakanani. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona kokubili izinhlobo zalesi simo, nakuba indlela ehlukile kakhulu.

Ngokuqondene nobuthakathaka be-Castleman obungqongqo olulodwa, ukususa ngokusebenza ama-lymph nodes athintekile ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha ekhethwayo. Lendlela ingase ibe yimpumelelo ngoba isimo silimiwe endaweni eyodwa. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bephilile kakhulu ngemva kokusebenza futhi abadingi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi budinga ukwelashwa okunzima ngoba buthinta izindawo eziningi zomzimba wakho. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha lungase luhlanganise:

• Imithi ye-immunotherapy esiza ekulawuleni i-immune system yakho
• Imithi ye-chemotherapy elawula ukukhula okungavamile kwamaselula
• Imithi ye-antiviral uma une-HHV-8 infection
• I-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nezimpawu
• Imithi ye-targeted therapy evinya amaprotheni athile ahilelekile kuleli simo

Udokotela wakho uzohlangana nawe ukwenza uhlelo lokwelapha oluqondene nezimpawu zakho ezithile nesimo sakho sempilo jikelele.

I-Rituximab yimithi evamile esetshenziswa ehlose amaseli athile e-immune ahilelekile ebuthakathaka be-Castleman. Abantu abaningi bayaphendula kahle kuleli thina lokwelapha, behlangabezana nezimpawu ezincane nama-lymph nodes amancane. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuhilela ukwamukela imithi nge-IV izinyanga eziningi.

Uma une-HIV kanye nobuthakathaka be-Castleman, ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-HIV nge-antiretroviral therapy kubalulekile. Ukulawula i-HIV kungathuthukisa kakhulu impendulo yakho ekwelapheni ubuthakathaka be-Castleman futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile ngobunono be-Castleman, kunezinto eziningana ongenza ekhaya ukuze usize ulawule izimpawu futhi usekele impilo yakho jikelele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Lezi zindlela zingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile futhi ugcine amandla akho.

Ukuphumula ngokwanele kubalulekile, ikakhulu uma uhlangabezana nokukhathala. Lalela umzimba wakho futhi ungazicindelisi kakhulu ezinsukwini lapho uzizwa ukhathele. Hlela imisebenzi yakho ngezikhathi lapho uvamile ukuba namandla amaningi, futhi ungangabazi ukucela usizo ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekuqinisiseni i-immune system yakho futhi ugcine amandla akho. Gxila ekudleni okunomsoco we-protein, amavithamini, namaminerali. Uma ulahlekelwa isisindo noma une-appetite embi, zama ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile usuku lonke.

Ukugcina umzimba wakho uqinisile kubalulekile, ikakhulu uma uhlangabezana nokufiphaza noma ukukhipha ukushisa. Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke, futhi cabanga ngeziphuzo ze-electrolyte uma ulahlekelwa amanzi ngokukhipha ukushisa.

Beka iliso ezimpawini zakho futhi ubhale noma yikuphi ukushintsha. Qaphela lapho izimpawu zihamba kahle noma zibi kakhulu, futhi yabelana ngalolu lwazi neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lokhu kungabasiza ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha uma kudingeka.

Thatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka ngoba i-immune system yakho ingase ingasebenzi kahle. Geza izandla zakho njalo, gwema izindawo eziqongelelene uma kungenzeka, futhi uhlale usesikhathini ngokugoma okusikisela njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeni kwakho futhi unikeze iqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ulwazi olulifunayo. Ukuthatha isikhathi sokulungiselela imicabango yakho nemibuzo ngaphambili kungenza i-aphoyintimenti ibe yiyona ephumelelayo.

Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yiba uqondile ngezinto ezinjengendawo yama-lymph nodes akhulile, ukuthi ukukhathala kwakho kukhulu kangakanani, nokuthi uke waba nokufiphaza noma ukulahlekelwa isisindo.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke imithi oyithathayo, kuhlanganise nemithi yokwelapha, imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi, nanoma yiziphi izongezo. Futhi, qaphela noma yiziphi izinto ozitholakala unayo imithi noma ezinye izinto.

Bukele umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kuhlanganise nanoma yiziphi izivivinyo zegazi zakamuva, izifundo zokutholakala, noma ama-biopsies adlule. Uma uke wabona odokotela abanye ngalezi zimpawu, zama ukuthola amakhophi alawo rekhodi ukwabelana nawo neqembu lakho lamanje lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo okumele uyibuze udokotela. Ungase ufune ukwazi ngezindlela zokwelapha, imiphumela emibi, isikhathi esingase sidingeke ukwelashwa, noma lokho okufanele ukulindele ngesikhathi sokuphulukana. Ungangabazi ukubuza nganoma yini ekukhathazayo.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani e-aphoyintimenti yakho. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esicindezelayo.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nobuthakathaka be-Castleman?

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman yisimo esingavamile kodwa esingelapheka esithinta ama-lymph nodes akho nesistimu yakho yokukhulula. Nakuba kungase kubangele izimpawu ezinkulu njengokukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukufiphaza, nama-lymph nodes akhulile, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona kokubili izinhlobo zalesi simo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuxilongwa okusheshayo nokwelashwa okufanele kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukubuka kwakho. Uma unayo ubuthakathaka obunqongqo olulodwa, ukususa ngokusebenza ama-lymph nodes athintekile ngokuvamile kungase kube yimpumelelo. Ngokuqondene nobuthakathaka obuningi, imithi ehlukahlukene ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga.

Ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile ekulawuleni lesi simo ngempumelelo. Ukubeka iliso njalo, ukulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha, nokugcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile nodockotela bakho kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

Nakuba ukuphila nobuthakathaka be-Castleman kungase kube inselele, abantu abaningi baqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ungangabazi ukufuna ukwesekwa eqenjini lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo, umndeni, nabangane njengoba uhamba kule ndlela.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nobuthakathaka be-Castleman

Ingabe ubuthakathaka be-Castleman uhlobo lwe-kansa?

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman asiyona i-kansa, nakuba buhilela ukukhula okungavamile kwamaselula ohlelweni lwakho lwe-lymphatic. Kubhekwa njengesiyaluyalu se-lymphoproliferative, okusho ukuthi amaseli kuma-lymph nodes akho azala ngaphezu kokufanele. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani ne-kansa, la maseli ngokuvamile awasabalali kwamanye amalunga ngendlela efanayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi ngezinye izikhathi bungase bukhulisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezithile ze-lymphoma.

Ingabe ubuthakathaka be-Castleman bungaphiliswa?

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obungqongqo olulodwa ngokuvamile bungaphiliswa ngokususa ngokusebenza ama-lymph nodes athintekile. Abantu abaningi abenza ukusebenza ngalolu hlobo ababonisi ukubuyela emuva. Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman obuningi kunzima ukubuphelisa ngokuphelele, kodwa ngokuvamile bungalawulwa kahle ngemithi. Abantu abaningi abanolwazi lolu hlobo baphila impilo evamile ngokwelashwa okuqhubekayo okugcina izimpawu zabo zilawulwa.

Ingabe ubuthakathaka be-Castleman buthakazelayo?

Ubuthakathaka be-Castleman ngokwabo abuthakazelayo futhi abukwazi ukudluliselwa kubantu ngokuxhumana okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimo zokutholakala kobunono be-Castleman zihambisana nokutheleleka njenge-HHV-8, engadluliselwa phakathi kwabantu. Uma unayo ubuthakathaka be-Castleman, awudingi ukukhathazeka ngokusabalalisa lesi simo kulabo abathandekayo noma abangane bakho ngokusebenzisana okuvamile kwansuku zonke.

Ukwelashwa kobunono be-Castleman kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa sihluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lobuthakathaka be-Castleman olukhona. Ngokuqondene nobuthakathaka obunqongqo olulodwa, ukusebenza kungase kube yikona kuphela ukwelashwa okudingekayo, ngokuphulukana okuthatha amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni. Ubuthakathaka obuningi ngokuvamile budinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo okungase kuqhubeke iminyaka. Udokotela wakho uzobeka iliso impendulo yakho ekwelapheni futhi angase alungise imithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuye ngokuthi wenze kahle kangakanani.

Ingabe izingane zingathuthukisa ubuthakathaka be-Castleman?

Nakuba ubuthakathaka be-Castleman buvamile kubantu abadala, izingane zingathuthukisa lesi simo, nakuba kungavamile kakhulu kubantu abancane. Uma kwenzeka kubantwana, ngokuvamile uhlobo olungqongqo olulodwa, oluvamise ukuba nomphumela omuhle. Uma ukhathazekile ngezimpawu engwaneni, njengokukhula kwama-lymph nodes okuqhubekayo noma ukugula okungachazeki, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wezingane ongakuhlola kahle isimo.