Ukuyini Ama-cavity? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ama-cavity yimiqamulo emincane eyenziwa emazinyweni akho lapho ibhaktheriya ikhiqiza i-asidi edla ubuso obuqine belizinyo. Cabanga ngawo njengemithala emincane eyenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho ibhaktheriya elilimaza emlonyeni wakho iphethwe ngeshukela namasiphu evela ekudleni, idala i-asidi ebuthakathaka kancane kancane futhi ibhubhise i-enamel yelizinyo.

Cishe wonke umuntu uzobhekana okungenani ne-cavity eyodwa ekuphileni kwakhe. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ama-cavity angavikeleka ngokuphelele ngokunakekelwa okuhle, futhi uma abanjwe ngokushesha, aphathwa kalula ngezinqubo ezilula zokwelapha amazinyo.

Iyini i-cavity?

Ama-cavity yinkinga eqinile ebusweni obuqine bamazinyo akho eyenzeka ibe yimiqamulo emincane noma imingxuma. Umlomo wakho uqukethe ngokwemvelo ibhaktheriya, futhi lapho le mibhaktheriya ihlangana nezicucu zokudla nesaliva, yenza ifilimu enamathelayo ebizwa nge-plaque enamathelayo emazinyweni akho.

Uma udle noma uphuze okuthile okune-shukela noma i-starch, ibhaktheriya e-plaque ikhiqiza i-asidi. Le asidi ihlasela i-enamel yelizinyo lakho, okuyilapho eliqinile, elivikelayo eliphakeme lamazinyo akho. Ngemuva kwesikhathi, ukuhlaselwa kwe-asidi okuphindaphindayo kubuthakathaka i-enamel kuze kube yilapho iphukile ngokuphelele, idala i-cavity.

Ama-cavity awenzi ngobusuku obubodwa. Athuthuka kancane kancane ngenqubo engathatha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka, kungakho ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwamazinyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekubambeni ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimpawu zama-cavity?

Ama-cavity okuqala avame ukungabangeli zimpawu ezibonakalayo, kungakho angakuqaphela. Njengoba i-cavity ikhula ibe inkulu futhi ijulile elizinyweni lakho, uzoqala ukubona izimpawu ezicacile zokuxwayisa ukuthi kukhona okuphuthumayo.

Nawa zimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ubuhlungu bezinyo obuza futhi buyaphuma noma obukhona lapho ukuma emazinyweni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuzuma lapho udle noma uphuze okuthile okumnandi, okushisa noma okubandayo
• Imingxuma noma imingxuma ebonakalayo emazinyweni akho ongayibona noma uyizwe ngolwimi lwakho
• Ukufakwa kombala obomvu, omnyama, noma omhlophe ebusweni bamazinyo akho
• Umoya omubi ongahambi ngisho nangemuva kokuhlambalaza
• Ukubanda okungalungile emlonyeni wakho okuhlala isikhathi eside

Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile yisimpawu esithuma abantu kudokotela wamazinyo, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi i-cavity ivame ukukhula kakhulu. Uma uqaphela lezi zimpawu ngokushesha, ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoba lula futhi kubize kancane.

Ziyini izinhlobo zama-cavity?

Odokotela bamazinyo bahlukanisa ama-cavity ngokusekelwe lapho athuthuka khona elizinyweni lakho. Uhlobo ngalunye luthinta izingxenye ezahlukene zesakhiwo selizinyo lakho futhi lungadinga izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukene kancane.

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ama-cavity obuso obuqine: Lawo enziwa eceleni kwamazinyo akho futhi athuthuka kancane, okwenza kube lula ukuwavimba nokubaphatha
• Ama-cavity omgodi ne-fissure: Lawo avela emingodini nasemingxumaneni ebusweni bokugaya bamazinyo akho angemuva, lapho i-plaque ivaleleke khona kalula
• Ama-cavity omqulu: Lawo enziwa ebusweni bomqulu wamazinyo lapho ama-gums ebuyela emuva, eveza into emnene yomqulu kubhaktheriya

Ama-cavity omgodi ne-fissure yilona uhlobo oluvamile, ikakhulukazi kubantwana nabantu abasebasha. Ama-cavity omqulu avame ukubathinta abadala abama-gums abo ebuyele emuva ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, eveza izindawo ezibuthakathaka zelizinyo.

Yini ebangela ama-cavity?

Ama-cavity athuthuka lapho ibhaktheriya ethile emlonyeni wakho idala indawo ye-asidi ephula i-enamel yelizinyo lakho. Le nqubo iyenzeka lapho izici eziningana zihlangana ezimweni ezifanele ukulimaza amazinyo akho.

Izici eziyinhloko ezifaka isandla ekwakheni kwe-cavity zihlanganisa:

• Ibhaktheriya: Ibhaktheriya elilimaza njenge-Streptococcus mutans lihlala ngokwemvelo emlonyeni wakho futhi liphethwe ngeshukela
• Ukudla okuvamile: Ukudla noma ukuphuza ukudla okune-shukela noma i-starch usuku lonke kunika ibhaktheriya amandla aqhubekayo
• Ukunakekelwa okungalungile komlomo: Ukungagezi nokungahlanza phakathi kwamazinyo njalo kuvumela i-plaque ukuba yakhe futhi iqine
• Umlomo owomile: I-Saliva iyasiza ukulinganisa i-asidi, ngakho ukuba nesaliva encane kukhulisa ingozi ye-cavity
• Ukudla neziphuzo ze-asidi: I-Soda, izithelo ze-citrus, nezinye izinto ze-asidi zibuthakathaka i-enamel yelizinyo ngokuqondile
• Umsebenzi wamazinyo owagqoka: Ukugcwalisa noma ama-crowns amadala angadala izingxenyana lapho ibhaktheriya ifihla khona

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa imithi ethile ephansi ukukhiqizwa kwe-saliva, izimo zezokwelapha njengesi-diabetes ezihlupha indawo yomlomo wakho, nezici ze-genetic ezihlupha amandla e-enamel yelizinyo lakho. Abanye abantu bavame ukuba nama-cavity naphezu kokujwayela okuhle kokunakekelwa komlomo.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela ngama-cavity?

Kufanele ubona udokotela wamazinyo akho ngokushesha nje lapho uqaphela izimpawu zokuthi kungenzeka kube khona i-cavity. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha kuhlala kulula, kubuthatha kancane, futhi kubize kancane kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho inkinga iba mbi kakhulu.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu bezinyo, ukuzwela ukudla okushisa noma okubandayo, noma amabala amnyama abonakalayo emazinyweni akho. Ngisho noma ubuhlungu buza futhi buyaphuma, kukutshela ukuthi kukhona okudingayo ukunakekelwa.

Kufanele futhi ubona udokotela wamazinyo akho njalo ukuhlolwa izikhathi eziyisithupha ngenyanga, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Odokotela bamazinyo bangabona ama-cavity ezigabeni zawo zokuqala ngaphambi kokuba uzwe noma yiziphi izimpawu, lapho ukwelashwa kulula futhi kunamandla kakhulu.

Ziyini izici ezikhulisa ingozi yama-cavity?

Abanye abantu bavame ukuba nama-cavity ngenxa yezici abangazilawuli, kanti abanye babhekene nengozi enkulu ngenxa yokukhetha indlela yokuphila. Ukuqonda izici zakho zomuntu siqu zokubeka ingozi kukusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuvikela amazinyo akho.

Nawa amaphuzu ayinhloko akhulisa ingozi yakho ye-cavity:

• Iminyaka: Abantwana abancinyane kakhulu nabantu abadala babhekene nengozi enkulu ngenxa yokuthuthukisa noma ukuqina kwe-enamel
• Indawo yamazinyo: Amazinyo angemuva anamazinga amaningi nemingxuma lapho i-plaque ingafika khona
• Ukudla okuvamile: Ukudalulwa okuqhubekayo kweshukela ne-asidi usuku lonke
• Iziphuzo ezine-shukela noma i-asidi: Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwe-soda, ijusi, noma iziphuzo zezemidlalo
• I-fluoride enganele: Ukungatholi i-fluoride eyanele e-toothpaste noma emanzini okuphuza
• Izimo zomlomo owomile: Imithi, ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, noma izifo ezithile eziphansi i-saliva
• Ukuphazamiseka kokudla: Izimo ezinjenge-bulimia ziveza amazinyo e-asidi yesisu ephindaphindayo

Ezinye izici ezingavamile zihlanganisa izimo ze-genetic ezihlupha ukwakheka kwe-enamel yelizinyo nokwelashwa okuthile komdlavuza okonakalisa ama-salivary glands. Uma unezici eziningi ezibeka ingozi, ukusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wamazinyo wakho ohlelweni lokuvimbela kuba yinto ebaluleke nakakhulu.

Ziyini izinhlupheko ezingase zenzeke ngama-cavity?

Uma ama-cavity ebanjwa futhi aphathwa ngokushesha, awavami ukubangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Noma kunjalo, ama-cavity angaphathwa angabangela izinhlupheko ezinkulu ezingathinti nje amazinyo akho, kodwa nempilo yakho yonke kanye nekwalithi yempilo.

Izinhlupheko ezivamile ezivela kuma-cavity angaphathwa zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwezinyo (i-abscess): Ibhaktheriya ingafinyelela e-pulp yangaphakathi yelizinyo, ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokukhula
• Ukulahlekelwa kwezinyo: Amazinyo abonakele kakhulu angadinga ukususwa uma engahlengikwa
• Izinkinga zokugaya: Amazinyo aswele noma abhlungu kwenza kube nzima ukudla kahle
• Izinkinga zokwahlukanisa: Amazinyo aswele angabangela amazinyo asaleyo ukushintsha futhi adale izinkinga zokuklama
• Ukutheleleka okukhulu: Ukutheleleka kwamazinyo kungasakazeka ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba wakho

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamazinyo kungabangela izinhlupheko ezibulalayo ezinjenge-sepsis, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesistimu yokuvikela umzimba ebuthakathaka. Kungakho odokotela bamazinyo begcizelela ukubaluleka kokwelapha ama-cavity ngokushesha kunokulindela ukuthi azohamba ngokwabo.

Ungawavimba kanjani ama-cavity?

Ukuvimbela ama-cavity kulula kakhulu futhi kubize kancane kunokubaphatha. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngezindlela zansuku zonke eziqhubekayo nokukhathalela kwamazinyo okujwayelekile, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ama-cavity amasha.

Nawa amasu okuvimbela anamandla kakhulu:

• Geza kabili ngosuku: Sebenzisa i-toothpaste ye-fluoride futhi ugeze okungenani imizuzu emibili ngesikhathi
• Hlambalaza njalo: Hlambalaza phakathi kwamazinyo lapho ibrashi yakho ingafinyeleli khona
• Limita ukudla okune-shukela: Nciphise ubukhulu bokudla izitsha ezinamathelayo nezithambile
• Phuza amanzi: Khetha amanzi kunokudla okune-shukela, ikakhulukazi amanzi okuphuza ane-fluoride
• Gwayiza i-gum engenashukela: Lokhu kusiza ukukhiqiza i-saliva eyalinganisa i-asidi
• Thola ukuhlanza okujwayelekile: Ukuhlanza okuqeqeshwe kususa i-plaque ongayifinyeleli ekhaya
• Cabanga ngama-dental sealants: Lezi zinto ezivikelayo zisiza ukuvimbela ama-cavity emazinyweni angemuva

Udokotela wamazinyo wakho angase futhi akukhuthaze ukwelashwa kwe-fluoride okwengeziwe noma ukugqoka umlomo wemithi uma usengozini enkulu. Ukwenza lezi zindlela zibe yingxenye yomkhuba wakho wansuku zonke kudala isivikelo esiqinile kubhaktheriya ebangela i-cavity.

Ama-cavity abonakala kanjani?

Udokotela wamazinyo wakho ngokuvamile angabona ama-cavity ngesikhathi sokuhlola okujwayelekile, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuba uzwe noma yiziphi izimpawu. Basebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuthola ama-cavity nokuqonda ukuthi ukonakala kukhulu kangakanani.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokubona lapho udokotela wamazinyo wakho ebona izimpawu ebonakalayo zokubola, ukufakwa kombala, noma imingxuma emazinyweni akho. Bazosebenzisa futhi i-probe encane ukuhlola ngobumnene amaphuzu abuthakathaka e-enamel yelizinyo ebonisa ukubola.

Ama-X-ray abonisa ama-cavity angabonakali emehlweni, ikakhulukazi lawo phakathi kwamazinyo noma ngaphansi kokugcwalisa okukhona. Amanye amahhovisi emazinyo asebenzisa futhi izibani ezikhethekile noma izinhlelo zokufaka izithombe zedijithali ezingabona izimpawu zokuqala zokubola ngaphambi kokuba ama-cavity enze ngokuphelele.

Ukuphathwa kwama-cavity kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kwama-cavity kuncike ekutheni amakhulu kangakanani futhi ajule kangakanani lapho etholakala. Uma i-cavity ibanjwa ngokushesha, ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoba lula futhi akunakwenzeka.

Kwama-cavity amancane athinta kuphela i-enamel, udokotela wamazinyo wakho uzosuswa ingxenye ebolile futhi agcwalise umgodi ngento yokugcwalisa yamazinyo enjenge-composite resin, i-amalgam, noma i-ceramic. Le nqubo ngokuvamile ishesha futhi ngokuvamile ingenziwa nge-anesthesia yendawo kuphela.

Ama-cavity amakhulu afinyelela e-pulp yangaphakathi yelizinyo angadinga ukwelashwa kwe-root canal ukususa inyama ebolele, kulandele i-crown ukuvikela isakhiwo selizinyo esisele. Kwezinye izimo ezinkulu lapho ilizinyo lingasindiswa khona, ukususwa kungadingeka, kulandele ukufakwa kwesibhangqwana, i-implant, noma i-denture engaphelele.

Ama-cavity okuqala angakabi enze imingxuma ngezinye izikhathi angabuyekezwa ngokwelashwa kwe-fluoride okusiza ukubuyisela kabusha nokuqinisa i-enamel yelizinyo.

Ungawaphatha kanjani ama-cavity ekhaya?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukwelapha ama-cavity ekhaya, ungaphatha ubuhlungu futhi uvikele ukuba angabi mbi kakhulu ngenkathi ulinde i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela wamazinyo. Ukukhathalela ekhaya kugxile ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvikela amazinyo akho ekuboleni okwengeziwe.

Ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu, imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ethengekayo njenge-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen ingasiza ekuthambiseni ubuhlungu. Ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo ane-salt kungasiza futhi ekuthambiseni okwesikhashana futhi kusize ukugcina indawo ihlanzekile.

Gwema ukudla neziphuzo ezishisayo, ezibandayo, noma ezinamanzi ezikhuthaza ukuzwela. Gwayiza ngecala elihlukile lomlomo wakho uma kungenzeka, futhi uqhubeke ugeza ngobumnene eduze nendawo ethintekile ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-plaque eyengeziwe.

Khumbula ukuthi lezi yizinyathelo zesikhashana. Ukwelashwa kwamazinyo kuphela okungenza ngempela ukulungisa i-cavity futhi kuvimbele ukubangela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela wamazinyo?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela wamazinyo kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okunemandla kakhulu futhi uzizwe ukhululekile ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho. Ukulungiselela kancane kungenza lonke isipiliyoni sibe lula kuwe nodokotela wamazinyo wakho.

Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini ezibangela. Qaphela ukuthi yimaphi amazinyo abhlungu nokuthi ubuhlungu buhlala isikhathi eside noma buza futhi buyaphuma. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wamazinyo wakho ukuthi aqonde ubukhulu benkinga.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi ethengekayo nezinye izinto. Imithi ethile ingathinta ukwelashwa kwamazinyo noma ihlangane ne-anesthetics udokotela wamazinyo wakho angase ayisebenzise.

Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa, izindleko, nokuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa. Ungangabazi ukubuza ngezinketho zokulawula ubuhlungu noma ukulala uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngenqubo.

Iyini into ebalulekile ngama-cavity?

Ama-cavity yingxenye yezinkinga ezivamile zempilo emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa futhi yingxenye yezinto ezivimbekayo kakhulu. Ngemihlobo emihle yansuku zonke yokunakekelwa komlomo nokukhathalela kwamazinyo okujwayelekile, abantu abaningi bangagwema ama-cavity ngokuphelele noma bawabambe ngokushesha lapho ukwelashwa kulula.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ama-cavity awaphuli ngokwabo. Ayaba mbi kuphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, eholela ekwelapheni okunzima futhi okubiza kakhulu. Ukubona ngokushesha nokwelashwa kugcina izinkinga ezincane zingabi ezinkulu.

Ukukhathalela amazinyo akho kuyitshalwe-mali empilweni yakho yonke kanye nekwalithi yempilo. Imihlobo oyakha namuhla izokukhonza kahle amashumi eminyaka azayo, ikusize ukugcina amazinyo akho wemvelo eqinile futhi anempilo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo ngama-cavity

Ingabe ama-cavity angahamba ngokwabo?

Uma i-cavity isisebenze umgodi elizinyweni lakho, ayikwazi ukuphulukisa noma ihambe ngokwayo. Noma kunjalo, izigaba zokuqala zokubola kwamazinyo ngezinye izikhathi zingabuyekezwa ngokwelashwa kwe-fluoride nokukhathalela komlomo okuthuthukisiwe ngaphambi kokuba i-cavity iyenze. Kungakho ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwamazinyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekubambeni izinkinga ngokushesha.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba i-cavity iyenze?

Ukwakheka kwe-cavity kuhluka kakhulu kusuka kumuntu komunye, kodwa ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga eziningi kuya eminyakeni ukuba i-cavity iyenze. Izici ezinjengokunakekelwa komlomo, ukudla, ukukhiqizwa kwe-saliva, kanye ne-genetics konke kuhlupha ukuthi ukubola kuqhubeka ngokushesha kangakanani. Abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise ama-cavity ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuphela, kanti abanye bangathatha iminyaka.

Ingabe ama-cavity ayatheleleka?

Ibhaktheriya ebangela ama-cavity ingadluliselwa kusuka kumuntu komunye nge-saliva, njengokwabelana ngezitsha, ukuqabulana, noma abazali abagaya ukudla kubantwana. Noma kunjalo, ukudalulwa nje kule mibhaktheriya akusho ukuthi uzoba nama-cavity. Imihlobo yakho yokunakekelwa komlomo, ukudla, nezinye izici zinquma ukuthi ibhaktheriya izobangela izinkinga yini.

Ingabe ama-cavity emazinyo omntwana abalulekile uma azoqothuka noma kunjalo?

Yebo, ukwelapha ama-cavity emazinyo omntwana kubalulekile ngoba agcina indawo yamazinyo ahlala njalo futhi asisize abantwana ukuba bagaye nokukhuluma kahle. Ama-cavity angaphathwa emazinyo omntwana angabangela ubuhlungu, ukutheleleka, nezinkinga ngemazinyo ahlala njalo athuthuka ngaphansi. Angase futhi athinte ukudla komntwana, ukulala, nempilo yonke.

Ungathola ama-cavity ngisho nangemihlobo emihle yokunakekelwa komlomo?

Nakuba ukunakekelwa komlomo okuhle kunciphise kakhulu ingozi yakho, abanye abantu bavame ukuba nama-cavity ngenxa yezici ezinjenge-genetics, izimo zomlomo owomile, imithi ethile, noma izimo zezokwelapha. Labo bantu bangadinga izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezengeziwe ezinjengokwelashwa kwe-fluoride okubhaliwe noma ukuhlanza kwamazinyo okuvamile ukuze bagcine impilo enhle yomlomo.