Ubuthakathaka bukaChagas? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Ubuthakathaka bukaChagas luyisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa yisilwanyana esincane esibizwa ngeTrypanosoma cruzi. Lesi simo sithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi eLatin America, nakuba sitholakala nakwezinye izindawo.

Ungathola lesi sifo ngokuthintana nezilwanyana ezithathelwayo ebizwa nge“kissing bugs” noma izinambuzane ze-triatomine. Lezi zinambuzane zivame ukuluma abantu ebusuku, ngokuvamile ebusweni, yingakho zaziwa ngaleyo gama. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele nokutholwa kwesikhathi esifanele, ubuthakathaka bukaChagas bungaphathwa kahle.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuthakathaka bukaChagas?

Izimpawu zokuthakathaka bukaChagas zivele ezigabeni ezimbili ezahlukene, futhi ukuzazi ngokushesha kungenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni yakho yokwelashwa. Isigaba sokuqala singase sizizwe njengengculazi ephansi, kanti isigaba esilandelayo singathinta inhliziyo yakho nesistimu yokugaya ukudla.

Phakathi nesigaba esibukhali, esiqala emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokutheleleka, ungase uhlangabezane nalezi zimpawu:

• Ukuthuthumela nokuqandisa okuza nokuhamba
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba nokukhathala okufana ne-influenza
• Izinhlungu zikhanda nokubukeka okubi
• Amagciwane e-lymph ezinqeni noma ezingalweni
• Isifo sesikhumba noma ukukhula endaweni yokuluma (okubizwa ngokuthi i-chagoma)
• Ukukhula oluzungezile olunye iso uma kulumwa eduze kobuso (okubizwa ngokuthi uphawu lukaRomaña)
• Ukukhula okuncane kwesibindi noma isikhumba

Abantu abaningi abaziboni lezi zimpawu zokuqala ngoba zivame ukuba zingandile futhi ziyaphela ngokwazo. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthola isifo ezigabeni zaso zokuqala.

Isigaba esingapheli singase sivele eminyakeni noma ngisho namakhulu eminyaka kamuva, futhi yilapho kuvela khona izinkinga ezingathi sína:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezifaka phakathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla ezifana nobunzima bokuginya noma ukuvimbela okukhulu
• I-esophagus noma i-colon elikhulu elithinta umsebenzi ojwayelekile
• Ubuhlungu obusengifubeni noma ukuphefumula okunzima ngesikhathi semisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukumima kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo ezimweni ezinzima

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-Chagas disease engapheliyo abazitholi lezi zinkinga ezinzima. Umuthi wakho ungagcina ukutheleleka kulawulwa impilo yakho yonke.

Iyini imbangela ye-Chagas disease?

I-Chagas disease ibangelwa yi-parasite ebizwa nge-Trypanosoma cruzi ehlala ezibilinini zezinambuzane ze-triatomine. Lezi zinambuzane ziyatheleleka lapho zidla igazi lezilwane ezithintekile noma abantu.

Indlela evamile kakhulu abantu abathinteka ngayo iwukuxhumana nezimuncumuncu zezinambuzane, hhayi ukuluma uqobo. Nanka indlela evame ukwenzeka ngayo: inambuzane ikuluma ngenkathi ulele, bese iphonsa imfucuza eduze kwesilonda sokuluma. Uma ugcugcuza ukuluma olukhuba, ungagcoba ngephutha imfucuza ethintekile esilondeni noma emehlweni noma emlonyeni wakho.

Ngaphandle kokuluma kwezinambuzane, kunezindlela eziningi ongaqala ngazo i-Chagas disease:

• Ukudla ukudla okungcolile ngemfucuza yezinambuzane ezithintekile
• Ukuthola ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi kusuka kumnikelo othintekile
• Ukuthola ukuhlinzwa komzimba kumuntu othintekile
• Ukudlulisela ukutheleleka kunina kuya engwaneni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha
• Ukuba nezingozi zelebhu lapho kuphathwa izinto ezithintekile

Izinambuzane ze-triatomine ezisakaza i-Chagas disease zithanda ukufihla emaphikweni nasemaphikweni ezindlu ezakhiwe kabi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinangqimba noma izindonga ze-adobe. Zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku futhi zidonsekela i-carbon dioxide nobushushu obuvela kubantu abaleleyo.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-Chagas disease?

Kufanele ufunuke ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uke waba endaweni lapho isifo se-Chagas siqheleke khona futhi uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikhathazayo. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kungavimbela isifo ekukhuleni kwesigaba sawo esibuhlungu esingapheli.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuqina kokushisa komzimba nobuhlungu bomzimba ngemuva kokuhamba eLatin America
• Ukukhula okungavamile eduze kweso lakho, ikakhulukazi uma kukodwa ohlangothini olulodwa
• Isihlungu sesikhumba esingapholi kahle endaweni yokulimala kwezinambuzane
• Amathumbu ahlungene kanye nezimpawu ezifana ne-influenza

Ngesigaba esingapheli, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa:

• Ubuhlungu esifubeni noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuginya ukudla noma izinto eziphuzwayo
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo besisu ngokuxakeka okukhulu
• Ukuphefumula okunzima noma ukuphelelwa amandla

Ngisho noma ungenawo ama-symptom kodwa uyazi ukuthi uke waba sengozini yezinambuzane ze-triatomine, kufanele uxoxe ngokuhlolwa nodokotela wakho. Abantu abaningi abane-Chagas disease abazi ukuthi baye basuleleka kuze kube kamuva kakhulu.

Iyini ingozi ye-Chagas disease?

Ukuqonda izinto ezikubeka engozini kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele futhi wazi ukuthi nini kufanele ufunuke ukuhlolwa. Ingozi yakho ixhomeke kakhulu lapho uhlala khona, uhamba khona, nezimimo zakho zokuphila.

Izici ze-geographic zidlala indima enkulu ezingeni lakho lengozi:

• Ukuhlala noma ukuhamba ezindaweni zasemakhaya zaseLatin America
• Ukuchitha isikhathi eMexico, eCentral America, noma eSouth America
• Ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona izinambuzane ze-triatomine
• Ukuhlala eningizimu ye-United States lapho kukhona ezinye izinambuzane ezisuleleke khona

Isimo sakho sokuphila nemisebenzi yakho ingakwandisa futhi ingozi yakho yokubhebhetheka:

• Ukulala ezindlini ezenziwe ngobumba, udaka, noma ezinongoma ezakhiwe ngotshani
• Ukuphila ezindlini ezinokuqhekeka odongeni noma ophahleni
• Ukukhemba noma ukulala ngaphandle ezindaweni ezine-endemic
• Ukusebenza ezolimo noma ezohlathi ezindaweni ezikhuthazwe

Isimo sezempilo esithile singakwenza ube sengozini enkulu:

• Ukuthola igazi emazweni anemiqathango emincane yokuhlola
• Ukuba nezinkinga zesimiso somzimba esikwenza ube sengozini yokutheleleka
• Ukukhulelwa futhi ube nesifo se-Chagas, esingathinta ingane yakho

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzothola ngokuqinisekile isifo se-Chagas. Lezi zici zikusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi unqume ukuthi ukuhlolwa kungafaneleka yini.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zesifo se-Chagas?

Nakuba abantu abaningi abanesifo se-Chagas baphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini engase ibe khona uma ukutheleleka kuqhubeka. Cishe amaphesenti angu-20-30 abantu abanesifo se-Chagas esiqinile bathuthukisa izinhlanganisela ezinkulu eminyakeni noma amashumi eminyaka ngemva kokutheleleka kwabo kokuqala.

Izinhlanganisela ezihlobene nenhliziyo yizona eziqhelekile futhi ezinzima kakhulu:

• Inhliziyo enkulu (cardiomyopathy) engapompi igazi kahle
• Izinga ezingavamile zenhliziyo ezingaba yingozi ekuphileni
• Ukuntuleka kwenhliziyo okubangela ukuphefumula kanzima nokuqeda amandla
• Ama-blood clots angabangela isifo sobuchopho noma i-pulmonary embolism
• Ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo ezimweni ezinkulu

Izinhlanganisela zesimiso sokuhlanza zingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho:

• I-esophagus enkulu (megaesophagus) eyenza ukugwinya kube nzima
• I-colon enkulu (megacolon) ebangela ukuvimbela okukhulu
• Ukondleka okungafanele ngenxa yobunzima bokudla nokugaya ukudla
• Ukungena engozini enkulu yomdlavuza we-esophageal noma we-colon ezimweni ezingavamile

Izinhlanganisela ezingavamile zingabandakanya:

• Izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa ezihlobene nokuhamba noma ukucabanga
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo noma ukushintsha kokubona
• Izilonda zesikhumba noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi lezi zinkinga zikhula kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi, futhi ukwelashwa njalo kwemithi kungasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ekuqaleni. Ngokunakekelwa kwemithi okufanele, izinkinga eziningi zingaphathwa kahle.

Ungalwisana kanjani nesifo se-Chagas?

Ukuphepha isifo se-Chagas kugxile ekugwemeni ukuxhumana nama-triatomine bugs alayo nezinto zabo ezingcolile. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinyathelo ezilula zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka.

Uma uhamba noma uhlala ezindaweni lapho isifo se-Chagas sivame khona, lezi zinyathelo zingakuvikela:

• Lala ezindlini ezakhiwe kahle ezinogangqa namafasitela aqinile
• Sebenzisa amanethi ombhede aphathwe nge-insecticide uma ulala
• Faka i-insect repellent esikhumbeni esikhulu ngaphambi kokulala
• Vala ama-cracks nama-gaps odongeni, emapulangwini, nasezindaweni ezingqongqoze amapulangwini
• Susa izinqwaba zezinkuni, amatshe, noma udoti eduze kwekhaya lakho
• Sebenzisa amasikrini emapulangwini naseminyango ukuvimbela izinambuzane

Imikhuba yokuphepha kokudla ibalulekile ngokufanayo ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka:

• Gwema ukudla ukudla okunqunu noma okuphekwe okungenele ezindaweni ezikhulayo
• Khetha ukudla okuphekwe kahle ezikhungweni ezidumile
• Phuza amanzi abotshwe noma aphathwe kahle
• Geza izithelo nemifino kahle ngaphambi kokudla

Uma unesongo elikhulu ngenxa yezici zezokwelapha, izinyathelo ezengeziwe zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yegazi ibonwe kahle ngaphambi kokuthululwa
• Ukuxoxa ngokuvivinywa kwe-Chagas nodokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe
• Ukuhlolwa uma uhlela ukunikela igazi noma izitho

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela kuhlale kulula kunokwelapha, ngakho-ke ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo ezilula kungakusindisa ezingxeni zezempilo ezizayo.

Isifo se-Chagas sihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo seChagas kudinga ukuhlolwa okuthile kwegazi okubukela i-parasite noma impendulo yomzimba wakho kuyo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukuhlolwa okulungile kuye ngokuthi ubingakanani isikhathi usulelekile kanye nezimpawu zakho.

Phakathi nesigaba esibuhlungu (amaviki ambalwa okuqala), odokotela bangathola i-parasite yangempela egazini lakho usebenzisa lezi zindlela:

• Ukuhlolwa ngqo komkhathi wegazi elikhishwe kusanda
• Ukufakwa kwegazi elikhulu nelincane elimisiwe futhi elihlolwe ngaphansi komkhathi
• Amatheknikhi okuhlanganisa igazi okwenza kube lula ukubona i-parasite
• Izivivinyo ze-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) ezithola i-DNA ye-parasite

Ukuze kuxilongwe isigaba esingapheli (ezinyangeni kuya eminyakeni kamuva), udokotela wakho uzobheka ama-antibodies esistimu yakho yokuvimbela esiwenzile e-parasite:

• Izivivinyo ze-ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)
• Izivivinyo ze-immunofluorescence ezingadingekile
• Izivivinyo ze-Western blot zokuqinisekisa
• Izivivinyo ezisheshayo zokuxilonga ukuze kutholwe imiphumela ngokushesha

Ngokuvamile udokotela wakho udinga izivivinyo ezimbili ezahlukene zama-antibody okuqinisekisa isifo seChagas esingapheli. Lokhu kucwaninga kabili kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukunemba futhi kuvimba ukuxilongwa okungalungile.

Kungenzeka kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kuhlolwe izinkinga:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) ukuhlola i-rhythm yentliziyo yakho
• Isithombe se-X-ray sesifuba ukubuka usayizi nokuma kwentliziyo yakho
• I-Echocardiogram ukubona ukuthi intliziyo yakho ipompa kangcono kangakanani
• Ukuhlolwa kokugwinya i-barium ukuhlola umsebenzi wesifuba sakho
• I-Colonoscopy uma unezimpawu ezinkulu zokugaya ukudla

Inqubo yokuhlola ingathatha isikhathi esithile, kodwa ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okulungile nokubuka izinkinga ezingase zenzeke.

Iyini ukwelashwa kwesifo seChagas?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo seChagas kuncike esigabeni osikulo kanye nesimo sakho sezinhlungu jikelele. Uma uthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba akho okuqeda ngokuphelele ukutheleleka emzimbeni wakho aphezulu.

Ekuguleni okubucayi kwe-Chagas noma ukutheleleka kwamuva, odokotela basebenzisa imithi ethile yokulwa nezilwanyana ezincinyane:

• I-Benznidazole, ethathwa ngomlomo izinsuku ezingu-60
• I-Nifurtimox, enye imithi yomlomo ethathwa izinsuku ezingu-60-90
• Ukulandelela eduze ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemiphumela emibi engenzeka
• Izivivinyo zegazi eziqondile ukuhlola inqubekelaphambili yokwelashwa

Le mithi isebenza kangcono uma iqalwa ekuqaleni futhi ingaphilisa ukutheleleka kuze kube yizingxenye ezingu-95% zezimo ezinobunzima. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka isicanucanu, ikhanda, ukukhungatheka, noma isihlungu sesikhumba, kodwa udokotela wakho uzokulandela eduze.

Ukuphathwa kwe-Chagas esikhathini eside kunzima futhi kuhluke:

• Imithi yokulwa nezilwanyana ezincinyane isengase icelwe, ikakhulu kubantu abasebancane
• Imithi yenhliziyo yokulawula izindlela ezingavamile noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Ukuphathwa kokugaya ukudla ngezinkinga zokugwinya noma ukuvimbela
• Ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ngezinkinga ezinzima zenhliziyo noma zokugaya ukudla

Ngezimbangela zesikhathi eside, udokotela wakho uzowulinganisa izinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa ngokususelwa ebudaleni bakho, isimo sempilo, kanye nethuba lokuthuthukisa izinkinga. Abanye abantu bangase bangadingi ukwelashwa ngemithi yokulwa nezilwanyana ezincinyane kodwa bazozisiza ngokulawula izimpawu zabo.

Ukukhathalela okuqhubekayo kubalulekile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa luni. Iqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo lizolandwa umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho, lihlole imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa, futhi lilungise uhlelo lwakho lokukhathalela njengoba kudingeka.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-Chagas ekhaya?

Ukuphathwa kwe-Chagas ekhaya kuhilela ukulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokucophelela nokwenza izinqumo zokuphila ezisekela impilo yakho yonke. Imikhuba yakho yansuku zonke ingenza umehluko wangempela endleleni ozizwa ngayo nendlela ukwelashwa kwakho okuphumelela ngayo.

Uma uthatha imithi yokulwa nezilwanyana ezincinyane, lezi zinyathelo zizokusiza uphumelele:

• Thatha imithi yakho ngokuqondile njengoba ilotshiwe, ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono
• Zibekele izikhumbuzo zansuku zonke ukuze ugweme ukwehluleka ukuthatha imithi
• Dla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile ukuze unciphise isicanucanu esivela emithini
• Hlala uthambile ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke
• Bika noma yiziphi izingozi ezikhathazayo kudokotela wakho ngokushesha

Izindlela zokuphila ezinempilo yentliziyo ziyabaqakathekile uma une-Chagas disease esiqinile:

• Landela ukudla okuqondile okune-sodium encane futhi okunamaqabunga nemifino eminingi
• Zivocavoca njalo ngaphakathi kwemingcele ecebiswe yidokotela yakho
• Gwema ukubhema futhi ubeke umkhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kotshwala
• Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula noma ukucamngca
• Thola ubuthongo obanele ukusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uphulukise futhi ubuyele esimweni

Ngezimpawu zokugaya ukudla, lezi zindlela zingakunika impumuzo:

• Dla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile ukuze usize ekugayeni
• Khetha ukudla okuthambile, okulula ukuginya uma unezinkinga zesifuba
• Hlala uthambile futhi ufake i-fiber ekudleni kwakho ngenxa yokuboshwa
• Hlala uqonde okungenani ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokudla

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphathwa ekhaya kusebenza kangcono uma kuhlanganiswa nokunakekelwa okunjalo kwemithi. Gcina zonke iziqondiso zakho zokulandelela futhi ungangabazi ukuthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yedokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho yedokotela kungakusiza ukuthi uthole okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeleni kwakho futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uneyonke imininingwane edingekayo ukunakekela kahle. Ukulungiselela okuhle kuholela ekuxhumaneni kangcono nasezinhlelweni zokwelashwa eziphumelelayo.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buza ulwazi oluqakathekile mayelana nomlando wakho wezempilo:

• Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zazinzima kangakanani.
• Bhala yonke imiyalezo yokuvakasha eLatin America noma kwamanye amazwe lapho isifo se-Chagas sikhona.
• Qaphela noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okungenzeka kwezinambuzane ze-triatomine noma ukudla okungcolile.
• Letha amarekhodi anoma yiziphi iziguquko zegazi ezedlule noma ukuhlinzwa kwamalungu.
• Bhala umlando wakho womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma ezinye izimo ezifanele.

Hlela imithi yakho yamanje nolwazi lwezempilo:

• Yenza uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, izithasiselo, namavithamini owathatha.
• Letha imiphumela yokuhlolwa yangaphambili, ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma izifundo zenhliziyo.
• Qaphela noma yiziphi izinto ozithola ukuthi une-allergy noma izimpendulo ozitholile emithini.
• Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho.

Lungisa imibuzo ethile mayelana nesimo sakho nokwelashwa kwakho:

• Ngingasiphi isigaba sesifo se-Chagas?
• Ziyini izinketho zami zokwelashwa kanye nemiphumela yazo engaba khona?
• Kufanele ngibe nemihlangano yokulandelela nokuhlolwa kangaki?
• Ziyiphi izimpawu okufanele zingenze ngikubize ngokushesha?
• Ingabe kunemicimbi noma ukudla okufanele ngikugweme?
• Ngingawudlulisela yini lobu tshwayo kubalandeli bomndeni?

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ekuqokweni kwakho. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi esingase sizizwe sengathi yingxoxo ecindezelayo.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nesifo se-Chagas?

Isifo se-Chagas siyimimo ezilawuleka uma sitholakala ngokushesha futhi siphathwa ngokufanele. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyesabekayo ukufunda ngezinkinga ezingaba khona, khumbula ukuthi abantu abaningi abanesifo se-Chagas baphila impilo egcwele, enempilo ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa izinkinga ezinkulu.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ukutholakala kwasekuqaleni kwenza umehluko omkhulu esiphumeleni sakho. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungase ube udluliselwe isifo se-Chagas, ungalindi izimpawu ukuvela ngaphambi kokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izivivinyo zegazi ezilula zingabona ukuthi une-infections, futhi ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kunomphumela omkhulu.

Kwabo abake bahlonishwa ngesifo se-Chagas, ukuhlala uxhumene neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha kukuhlinzeka ngethuba elihle lokunciphisa izinkinga. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone noma yiziphi izinguquko kwasekuqaleni futhi alungise ukunakekelwa kwakho ngokufanele.

Ukuvimbela kuhlala kuyisivikelo sakho esihle uma awukawutholi umkhuhlane. Izinyathelo ezilula ezifana nokusebenzisa i-insect repellent, ukulala ezindlini ezakhiwe kahle, nokuqapha ukuphepha kokudla kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ezindaweni lapho isifo sivame khona.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nesifo se-Chagas akusho ukuthi uyaqondwa noma ukulinganiselwe emandleni akho okuphila impilo enenjongo. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, ukuphathwa kwesitayela sempilo, nokulandelwa okuqhubekayo, ungalawula impilo yakho bese ugxila kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nesifo se-Chagas

Ingabe isifo se-Chagas singaphiliswa ngokuphelele?

Yebo, isifo se-Chagas singavame ukwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma sibanjwe futhi silashwe kwasekuqaleni. Phakathi nesigaba esibukhali, imithi yokulwa nezilwanyana ezincane njenge-benznidazole noma i-nifurtimox ingasusa ukutheleleka kuze kube yi-95% yezimangalo. Ngisho nasezimeni ezingapheli, ukwelashwa kungayeka isifo ukuba siqhubeke futhi kunganciphisa inani le-parasite emzimbeni wakho.

Ukutholakala kukho ukuxilongwa nokuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Nakuba izimo ezingapheli kunzima ukwelapha ngokuphelele, ukwelashwa kusengaba nezinzuzo ezinkulu ngokuvimbela izinkinga nokwenza impilo yakho ibe ngcono.

Ingabe isifo se-Chagas siyadluliseleka phakathi kwabantu?

Isikhuthazezo se-Chagas asithuthukisi ngokuxhumana okuvamile njengokukhokha, ukuphefumula, noma ukubamba. Awukwazi ukuyibamba ngokuxoxa izandla, ukuthambisa, noma ukwabelana ukudla nomuntu onalesifo.

Kodwa-ke, lesi sifo singadluliselwa ngokuthuthukiswa kwegazi, ukuthuthukiswa kwamalungu, nakumama kubantwana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukuzalwa. Kungakho ukunikwa kwegazi namalungu kuqapha kakhulu, futhi abesifazane abakhulelwe ezindaweni ezingozi kufanele bahlolwe.

Ukuthi ungaba ne-Chagas disease isikhathi esingakanani ungazi?

Abantu abaningi bangaba ne-Chagas disease amashumi eminyaka bengayazi. Izimpawu zesigaba esibukhali zivame ukuba zithambile futhi zingase zibe njengokubanda okuvamile noma isifo sikagciwane, ngakho-ke zibonakala kalula noma zilibaleke.

Isigaba esingapheli singase sihlale siqina iminyaka engu-10-30 ngaphambi kokuthi kube khona izinkinga. Abanye abantu abazange babe nazimpawu nhlobo, kanti abanye bangase bangaziboni izinkinga kuze kube yilapho sebehlushwa yizinguquko zokubetha kwenhliziyo noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla kamuva ekuphileni.

Ingabe ukuba ne-Chagas disease kuyaqeda ukukhulelwa?

I-Chagas disease ingadluliselwa umama kubantwana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ku-1-5% yokukhulelwa. Abantwana abaningi abazalwa kumama ane-Chagas disease baphilile futhi abangenayo.

Uma une-Chagas disease futhi ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzokugcina uqapha futhi ahlole ingane yakho ngemva kokuzalwa. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwabantwana abasanda kuzalwa abane-infection kunomphumela omkhulu.

Unganikela igazi uma une-Chagas disease?

Abantu abane-Chagas disease abanakunikela igazi, amalungu, noma izicubu ngoba ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa ngalezi zinikelo. Amabhange egazi namasiko okuthuthukisa amalungu aqapha i-Chagas disease ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa.

Uma uphulukiswe kahle futhi udokotela wakho eqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuphelile, ungase ukwazi ukunikela esikhathini esizayo. Noma kunjalo, lesi sinqumo sidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela yiqembu lezokwelapha futhi siyancika ezintweni eziningi ezihlanganisa umlando wakho wokwelashwa kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa.