Ukukhulu Kwezingane: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukukhulu kwezingane kwenzeka lapho ingane iphethe isisindo somzimba esiningi kakhulu kunalokho okubhekwa njengokuphilile ngokweminyaka yayo nobude bayo. Lokhu akuyona ngokuphathelene nama-pounds ambalwa engeziwe noma izindlela zokukhula ezingavamile ezingane ezihamba ngazo.

Uma sikhuluma ngokukhulu kwezingane, sichaza isimo sezempilo lapho amafutha omzimba engeziwe ethonya impilo nokuphuza kwengane. Kulinganiswa kusetshenziswa into okuthiwa yi-BMI (Body Mass Index), abagcini bezempilo abayibala ngokusekelwe ekuthindeleni kwengane, ubude, iminyaka, nobulili.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukukhulu kwezingane kuphatheka futhi kuvimbeka. Ngokusekelwa okufanele, isiqondiso, nokushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila ngokuqhubekayo, izingane zingafinyelela futhi zigcine isisindo esinempilo ngenkathi zikhula futhi zithuthuke ngokujwayelekile.

Ziyini izimpawu zokukhulu kwezingane?

Uphawu olucacile kakhulu yilapho isisindo sengane sikhuphuka kakhulu kunesilinganiso esijwayelekile seminyaka yayo nobude bayo. Noma kunjalo, ukukhulu kwezingane kuthinta okungaphezu nje kokubonakala.

Ungase uqaphele ezinye izinguquko zomzimba ezingaphezu kokwanda kwesisindo:

• Ubunzima bokuqhubeka ngezinto zokuzivocavoca noma imidlalo
• Ukuqeda amandla kalula kunabanye abantwana
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula ngesikhathi ulele noma ukukhwehlela
• Ubuhlungu bezingxenye zomzimba, ikakhulukazi emadolweni nasezinqeni
• Ukushintsha kwesikhumba njengezindawo ezimnyama ezinqeni noma ezingxenyeni zomzimba
• Izimpawu zokuqala zokuthomba kwesondo kubanye abantwana

Izimpawu zengqondo kanye nezempilo yomphakathi zingabalulekile ukubona. Ingane yakho ingase ihoxe emisebenzini, ibonakale ingathembi, noma ibe nezinguquko zemoto. Lezi mizwa ziyaqondakala ngokuphelele futhi awuwedwa ekuzilahla.

Abanye abantwana bangase babonise izimpawu zezimo zezempilo ezihlobene njengokucindezeleka kwegazi noma ukushintsha amazinga e-shuga egazini, nakuba lokhu ngokuvamile akunazo izimpawu ezicacile futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kubonwe.

Yini ebangela ukukhulu kwezingane?

Ukukhulu kwezingane ngokuvamile kuthuthukiswa yihlanganisela yezinto ezisebenza ndawonye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Akubangelwa yinto eyodwa kuphela, futhi ngokuqinisekile akuyona ngokuphathelene namandla okuzithiba noma ukwehluleka komuntu siqu.

Ake siqonde izimbangela eziyinhloko ezingabangela ukwanda kwesisindo kubantwana:

• Ukudla ama-calories amaningi kunalokho umzimba owasebenzisayo ngezinto zokuzivocavoca zansuku zonke
• Ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca noma isikhathi esiningi sokubuka i-screen
• I-genetics yomndeni ethonya indlela umzimba ogcina ngayo amafutha
• Ukungahambisani kwamahomoni noma izimo zezempilo
• Imithi ethile engabangela ukwanda kwesisindo
• Izinto zengqondo njengokucindezeleka, ukudida, noma ukusebenzisa ukudla njengenduduzo
• Izinto ezingqongile njengokuntuleka kokufinyelela ekudleni okunempilo

Ngezinye izikhathi izimo zezempilo zingase zifake isandla ekwandeni kwesisindo. Lokhu kungafaka izinkinga ze-thyroid, ukungaphili kahle kwe-insulin, noma izifo eziyizimbangela zofuzo ezingavamile. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga zezempilo eziyisisekelo ezidlalayo indima.

Izinto zempilo yomphakathi kanye nezezimali nazo ziyabaluleka. Imindeni enezinsiza ezinqanyuliwe ingase ithole kunzima ukufinyelela ekudleni okusha, okunempilo noma ezindaweni eziphephile zabantwana ukuze bazivocavoce. Lezi zinselele ziyizinto ezingokoqobo futhi ukuziqonda kusiza ekudaleni izixazululo ezinhle.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela ngokukhulu kwezingane?

Kufanele ucabangele ukukhuluma nodokotela wengane yakho uma ukhathazekile ngesisindo sayo noma uma uqaphela ukushintsha emikhweni yayo yokudla, amazinga wemisebenzi, noma isimo sengqondo. Izingxoxo zokuqala zingavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti uma ingane yakho ibonisa izimpawu zezinkinga zokuphefumula ngesikhathi ulele, ubuhlungu bezingxenye zomzimba, noma uma iziqeda imisebenzi yokuzivivinya eyayiyijabulela. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi isisindo esiningi siqala ukuthonya impilo yayo yansuku zonke.

Kubalulekile futhi ukufuna isiqondiso sezokwelapha uma ingane yakho ithuthukisa ukushintsha kwesikhumba njengezindawo ezimnyama, ezinqenqemeni ezinqeni noma ezingxenyeni zomzimba. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukungaphili kahle kwe-insulin, okuzuza ekuqaphelweni kwasekuqaleni.

Ungalindi uma uqaphela ukushintsha kwengqondo njengokuhoxa kubangani, ukwehla kokusebenza esikoleni, noma izimpawu zokucindezeleka. Impilo yengqondo yengane yakho ibaluleke njengempilo yayo yomzimba, futhi zombili zingaxazululwa ndawonye.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikhulise amathuba okukhulu kwezingane?

Izinto eziningi zingase zikhulise amathuba engane yokuthuthukisa ukukhulu, kodwa ukuba nezinto ezingase zikhulise amathuba akukho ukuthi ukukhulu kuyaphoqeleka. Ukuqonda lokhu kusiza imindeni ukwenza izinqumo ezilwemi ngokuvikela.

Nawa amathuba avamile okufanele uwaqaphele:

• Umlando womndeni wokukhulu noma izinkinga zezempilo ezihlobene nesisindo
• Ukwehluleka kokuzivocavoca noma ukuvivinya umzimba njalo
• Ukudla njalo ukudla okune-calories eningi, okucutshunguliwe
• Ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezithelo ezintsha nasezimila
• Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ukubuka ama-screen noma ukudlala imidlalo yevidiyo
• Izindlela zokulala ezingavamile noma ukungatholi ukulala okwanele
• Ukuphila ezindaweni ezinqanyuliwe izindawo eziphephile zemisebenzi yangaphandle

Abanye abantwana babhekene nezinye izinto ezingase zikhulise amathuba abengenakulawula. Lokhu kufaka ukudalwa ngesisindo esincane sokuzalwa, ukuba nabazali abathuthukise ukukhulu ngesikhathi sobuntwana, noma ukuphila emindenini enezinselele eziphezulu.

Izimo ezithile zezempilo zingase zikhulise amathuba. Lokhu kungafaka i-hypothyroidism, ukungaphili kahle kwe-insulin, noma ukusebenzisa imithi njenge-steroids ngezimo zezempilo ezithile. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuhlola lezi zinto ngabanye.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokukhulu kwezingane?

Ukukhulu kwezingane kungabangela izinkinga zezempilo ezihlukahlukene, ezisheshayo nezesikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, izinkinga eziningi zalezi zingavikeleka noma zibuyiswe ngokwelashwa okufanele nokushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila.

Izinkinga zesikhathi esifushane ezingase zithuthuke ngesikhathi sobuntwana zifaka:

• I-type 2 diabetes noma i-pre-diabetes
• Ukucindezeleka kwegazi
• Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol
• I-sleep apnea nezinkinga zokuphefumula
• Izinkinga zezingxenye zomzimba nobunzima bokuhamba
• Izinkinga zesibindi, kufaka phakathi isifo sesibindi esinamanoni
• Ukuqala kwesikhathi esisheshayo sokuthomba kwesondo

Amathuba ezempilo esikhathi eside aba ukukhathazeka njengoba izingane zikhula zibe abantu abadala. Lokhu kungafaka isifo senhliziyo, isifo sobuchopho, izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, nokulwa okuqhubekayo nokuphatha isisindo kulo lonke impilo.

Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo zifanele zithole ukunakekelwa okulinganayo. Izingane ezinkulu zingase zibe nokuzithoba okuphansi, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi. Lezi zimpumelelo zengqondo zingase ziqhubeke zifike ebuntwini uma zingaxazululwa ngobubele nokusekelwa okufanele.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi ngisho nokunciphisa isisindo okulinganiselwe nokushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila okunempilo kunganciphisa kakhulu lezi zingozi futhi kuthuthukise impilo yonke yengane yakho.

Ungavimbela kanjani ukukhulu kwezingane?

Ukuvimbela kuqala ngokudala imikhuba enempilo umndeni wonke ongayijabulela ndawonye. Ukushintsha okuncane, okuqhubekayo ngokuvamile kusebenza kangcono kunokushintsha okukhulu kwesitayela sokuphila okunzima ukusigcina.

Gxila ekwakheni lezi zisekelo ezempilo endlini yakho:

• Nika ukudla okuningi okunempilo okufaka izithelo, imifino, nama-grains aphelele
• Khuthaza ukuzivocavoca njalo okumnandi, hhayi njengesijeziso
• Linganisela iziphuzo ezinezinkukhu futhi ukhethe amanzi njengesiphuzo esiyinhloko
• Yenza izikhathi zokudla nezinqamuleli zesikhathi
• Beka imingcele efanele esikhathini sokubuka ama-screen
• Qiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho ithol ukulala okwanele ngokweminyaka yayo
• Yenza isibonelo semikhuba yokudla nokusebenza okunempilo wena uqobo

Yenza ukuzivocavoca kube mnandi ngokuthola imisebenzi engane yakho eyiqondayo ngempela. Lokhu kungase kube ukuthi ukudansa, ukuqubha, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, noma ukudlala imidlalo ehambayo nabangane. Umgomo ukunyakaza, hhayi ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima.

Dala indawo yokudla enesekelo ekhaya. Gcina izinkinqamuleli ezempilo zifinyeleleka kalula futhi zibonakale futhi linganisela ukuba nokudla okucutshunguliwe kakhulu endlini. Uma kukhona izipho, zijabulele ngokulinganisela ngaphandle kokuzisola noma ihlazo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela kumzamo womndeni. Uma wonke umuntu ehlanganyela emikhweni enempilo, kuzwakala kuyinto evamile futhi eqhubekayo kunokuba yinto ebekwe phezu kwengane eyodwa.

Ukukhulu kwezingane kunqunywa kanjani?

Odokotela banquma ukukhulu kwezingane ngokubala i-BMI yengane yakho nokuyiqhathanisa nemiyalo yokukhula evamile yabantwana abangobudala nobulili obufanayo. Lokhu kubanika isithombe esicacile sokuthi ingane yakho ikumaphi ngokubhekisela kwabanye abantwana.

Ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti, udokotela wakho uzolinganisa ubude nesisindo sengane yakho ngokuqondile. Bazosebenzisa lezi zinombolo kanye neminyaka yengane yakho nobulili ukuze baqonde i-BMI percentile yayo.

I-BMI efinyelela noma engaphezu kwe-95th percentile yabantwana abangobudala nobulili obufanayo ngokuvamile ibonisa ukukhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane yakho iphethe isisindo esiningi kunama-95% abantwana abangobudala nobulili obufanayo.

Udokotela wakho uzophinde ahlole umlando wezokwelapha wengane yakho, umlando womndeni, imikhuba yokudla, namazinga wemisebenzi. Bangase babeze ngezindlela zokulala, noma iyiphi imithi ingane yakho eyiphisayo, nokuthi kube khona yini izinguquko ezinkulu zokuphila noma izinto ezikhathazayo.

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungase kunconywe ukuhlola izinkinga noma izimo eziyisisekelo. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola i-cholesterol, amazinga e-shuga egazini, noma umsebenzi we-thyroid. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ekudaleni isithombe esiphelele sempilo yengane yakho.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa kokukhulu kwezingane?

Ukwelashwa kokukhulu kwezingane kugxila ekushintsheni okuqhubekayo, okuqhubekayo okusekela ukukhula okunempilo nokuthuthuka. Umgomo awukona ukunciphisa isisindo ngokushesha, kodwa kunokusiza ingane yakho ukufinyelela nokugcina isisindo esinempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa cishe luzofaka izinto eziningi ezisebenza ndawonye:

• Ukuqeqeshwa kokudla ukuze ufunde ngokudla okuhlangene
• Ukuzivocavoca okwandisiwe okufanele iminyaka yengane yakho namandla
• Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha ukuze uxazulule imikhuba yokudla nemikhuba
• Ukuhileleka komndeni nokusekelwa
• Ukuqapha njalo ne-aphoyintimenti zokulandelela
• Ukwelashwa kwanoma iyiphi isimo sezempilo ezihlobene

Ukushintsha kokudla kugxila ekudaleni ukudla okuhlangene kunokudla okulinganiselwe. Uchwepheshe wokudla angasiza umndeni wakho ukuba ufunde ngobuningi bokudla, ukuhlela ukudla, nokwenza izinqumo zokudla ezempilo wonke umuntu angazijabulela.

Izincomo zokuzivivinya umzimba zizolungiswa ngokulingana nezinga lamanje lokusebenza kwengane yakho nezithakazelo. Umgomo ukufumana imisebenzi engane yakho eyiqondayo futhi ingayanda kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ezimeni ezingavamile lapho ukushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila kunganelisi khona futhi ingane yakho inezinkinga zezempilo ezinzima, udokotela wakho angase axoxe ngokwelashwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe. Lezi zinketho zicatshangelwa ngokucophelela futhi ngokuvamile zigcinelwe izimo ezithile.

Unganikeza kanjani ukusekela ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokukhulu kwezingane?

Ukusekela kwakho ekhaya kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuphumeleleni kwengane yakho. Ukudala indawo yothando, ekhuthazayo kusiza ingane yakho ukuba ithuthukise imikhuba enempilo ngaphandle kokuzizwa ihlukile noma ihlaziswa.

Qala ngokwenza ukushintsha okunempilo kube yinto yomndeni. Uma wonke umuntu edla ukudla okunempilo futhi ehlala ehamba ndawonye, kuba yingxenye evamile yamasiko ekhaya lakho kunokuba yinto ezwakala njengesijeziso.

Gxila ekukhuthazeni okuhle kunokugxila esisindweni noma ekubonakaleni. Gubha lapho ingane yakho izame ukudla okunempilo okusha, ihlanganyela emisebenzini yokuzivivinya umzimba, noma yenza izinqumo ezinhle ngokuzimela.

Nawa amaqhinga asebenzayo okusekela ingane yakho ekhaya:

• Gcina izinkinqamuleli ezempilo zifinyeleleka kalula futhi zibonakale
• Hlela futhi ulungiselele ukudla ndawonye njengomndeni
• Thola imisebenzi yokuzivivinya umzimba ongayenza ndawonye
• Linganisela ukuxoxa ngesisindo noma ukubonakala
• Dumisa umzamo nezinqumo ezempilo, hhayi imiphumela kuphela
• Dala izikhathi zokudla nezikhathi zokulala ezihlala njalo

Beka isineke nenqubo nokuqhubeka kwengane yakho. Ukushintsha okuqhubekayo kuthatha isikhathi, futhi kuzoba nokunyuka nokwehla endleleni. Ukusekela kwakho okuqhubekayo nokuqonda kwenza umehluko omkhulu.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukwenza kakhulu isikhathi sakho nodokotela futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ulwazi nokusekelwa okudingayo. Ukulungiselela okuncane kungenza ingxoxo ibe yiyona ephumelelayo futhi ingabi nomfutho.

Ngaphambi kokuya kwakho, gcina idayari elula yokudla nemisebenzi yengane yakho cishe isonto elilodwa. Lokhu akudingeki kube yinto ephelele noma eningiliziwe, nje irekhodi eliyisisekelo lokho ekudlayo nokuthi isebenza kangakanani nsuku zonke.

Bhala phansi noma imiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka okukhonayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ungase ufune ukubuza ngemigomo eqondile, indlela yokusingatha izinselele, noma yiziphi izinguquko okufanele uzilinde ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Butha noma yiluphi ulwazi olufanele lwezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi uhlu lwemithi yamanje, amarekhodi ezempilo adlule, nomlando wezempilo womndeni ohambelana nesisindo noma i-diabetes.

Cabanga ngendlela yokukhuluma nengane yakho nge-aphoyintimenti ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Yenza kube ukuvakashela ukufunda ngokuba nempilo namandla, kunokugxila esisindweni noma ezinkingeni.

Letha uhlu lwemisebenzi engane yakho eyiqondayo noma engase ibe nentshisekelo ekuyizameni. Lokhu kusiza udokotela ukwenza izincomo ezifanele ezifanele ubuntu nentshisekelo yengane yakho.

Yini eyinhloko ngokukhulu kwezingane?

Ukukhulu kwezingane kuyisimo sezempilo esiphatheka esithinta imindeni eminingi, futhi awuwedwa ekuqondiseni. Ngokusekelwa okufanele, izingane eziningi zingafinyelela nokugcina isisindo esinempilo ngenkathi ziqhubeka zikhula futhi zithuthuke ngokujwayelekile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi lokhu kuphathelene nempilo, hhayi ukubonakala. Inani lengane yakho aliqondwa ngesisindo sayo, futhi ukushintsha okunempilo kuzuzisa wonke umndeni uma kuqondwa ngothando nokubekezela.

Impumelelo ivela ekushintsheni okuncane, okuqhubekayo kunokushintsha okukhulu. Gxila ekudaleni imikhuba eqhubekayo umndeni wakho ongayigcina isikhathi eside, futhi gubha intuthuko endleleni.

Ukusekelwa kochwepheshe eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha, kanye nendawo yasekhaya ethandekayo, enesekelo, kunikeza ingane yakho ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphila. Khumbula ukuthi ingane ngayinye ihlukile, futhi lokho okusebenza komndeni munye kungase kudinge ukulungiswa komunye.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana nokukhulu kwezingane

Ingane yami izokhula yodwa yenzeke yona inkinga yesisindo?

Nakuba abanye abantwana behlala beba bancane njengoba bekhula, ukukhulu kwezingane ngokuvamile akuziqedi ngokwalo ngaphandle kokungenelela. Uma uqala ukuxazulula ngokushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila okunempilo, imiphumela ihlala ibe ngcono. Udokotela wengane yakho angakusiza ukuqonda izindlela zayo zokukhula ezithile nokuthi yini okufanele uyilinde.

Kufanele ngilinde nini ukuze ngibone imiphumela?

Ukushintsha kwesisindo okunempilo kubantwana kwenzeka kancane kancane ngezinyanga, hhayi ngamasonto. Umgomo ngokuvamile ukugcina isisindo samanje ngenkathi ingane yakho ikhula, kunokunciphisa isisindo ngokushesha. Gxila ekwakheni imikhuba enempilo futhi vumela umzimba wengane yakho uphendule ngokwemvelo kulezi zinguquko ezinhle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ingabe ukukhulu kwezingane kungabangelwa izimo zezempilo?

Yebo, izimo ezithile zezempilo njengezifo ze-thyroid, ukungaphili kahle kwe-insulin, noma izifo eziyizimbangela zofuzo zingase zifake isandla ekwandeni kwesisindo. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezincane kuphela zezimo zokukhulu kwezingane. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga zezempilo eziyisisekelo ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokuhlolwa okufanele nokulinganiswa.

Ngingakhuluma kanjani nengane yami ngesisindo sayo ngaphandle kokulimaza?

Gxila ezingxoxweni ngempilo nokuba namandla kunesisindo noma ukubonakala. Sebenzisa ulimi oluhle mayelana nokwenza izinqumo ezempilo ndawonye njengomndeni. Gwema ukubiza ukudla ngokuthi "okuhle" noma "okubi," futhi esikhundleni salokho ukhulume ngokudla okusisiza ukuba sikhulise amandla futhi sizizwe sine-energy. Njalo qinisekisa ukuthi uthando lwakho alukho ngaphansi kwanoma yini.

Ingabe kuphephile kubantwana ukulahlekelwa isisindo?

Ukunciphisa isisindo kubantwana kufanele kujongwe njalo ngokwelashwa futhi kugxile ekushintsheni okunempilo, okuqhubekayo. Ngokuvamile umgomo ukusisiza abantwana ukuba bagcine isisindo sabo samanje ngenkathi bekhula, kunokunciphisa isisindo. Ukudla okulinganiselwe kungaphazanyiswa ukukhula nokuthuthuka okujwayelekile, kungakho isiqondiso sochwepheshe siyabaluleka kangaka.