Ukuhlanza Okuqhubekayo Yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo yikho konke ukuhlanza okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto angu-8 kubantu abadala noma amasonto angu-4 ezinganeni. Ngokungafani nokuhlanza okuvamile okuhlobene neqanda eliyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, lo mkhuba wokuhlamba uba yingxenye yansuku zonke engaphazamisa ubuthongo bakho, umsebenzi, kanye nobudlelwano bakho nabanye.

Umkhabo wakho usebenzisa ukuhlanza njengendlela yokuzivimbela ukuhlanza izinto eziphazamisayo emizileni yomoya. Uma le ndlela ihlala isikhathi eside, idala isikhathi esinzima sokuhlanza okuqhubekayo esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Isimpawu esiyinhloko sicacile - ukuhlanza okungapheli ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kuvame ukuletha ezinye izinto ezingathandeki ezwenza ukuphila kwansuku zonke kube nzima.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo okwomile noma ukuhlanza okuqhakaza i-phlegm
• Ukuhlanza umlomo okuyinto yemikhuba
• Ilizwi elibuthakathaka noma elihlaba ngenxa yokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo
• Ubuhlungu bomlomo obuza futhi buhambe
• Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu obuncane besifuba
• Ukuthukuthela ubuthongo ngenxa yokuhlanza ebusuku
• Ukukhathala ngenxa yokungabi khona kokulala kahle
• Ukuphefumula kancane ngesikhathi sokuhlanza

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezinto ezingavamile njengoba ubuhlungu bekhanda ngenxa yokuhlanza okunamandla, ubuhlungu bezinhlangothi, noma ngisho nokungabi nesihlanu ngesikhathi sokuhlanza okukhulu. Lezi zimpawu ezengeziwe zingazizwa zihlupha, kodwa zivame kakhulu kunokuba ucabanga.

Yini ebangela ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kuvame ukuvela lapho kukhona okuqhubekayo okuthukuthelisa izindlela zakho zomoya noma lapho ukuhlanza kwakho kuqala ukuba nomuzwa omkhulu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izimo eziningi zivela ezimweni ezilashwa kunokuba kube yizifo ezinkulu.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqhakaza okungapheli okuvela ezilwelweni noma ezinkingeni zesinuses
• I-Asthma, kuhlanganise uhlobo oluthiwa yi-cough-variant asthma
• Isifo se-Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) lapho ama-acid esisu ebuyela emuva
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheli noma ezinye izifo zephunga
• Imithi ethile yegazi ebizwa nge-ACE inhibitors
• Ukubhema noma ukubhekisiswa ukubhema
• Izinto eziphazamisayo ezizungezile njenguthuli, i-pollen, noma iziphefumulo ezinamandla

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa i-whooping cough, izimo zephunga njenge-bronchiectasis, noma ngisho nezici zengqondo ngemuva kokutheleleka komoya. Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kungase kubonise izimo ezinkulu njengomdlavuza wephunga, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma izifo zokuziphatha ezihlasela amaphaphu.

Ngesinye isikhathi odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi "ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo okuqondakaliyo" lapho bengakwazi ukubona imbangela ethile naphezu kokuhlolwa okuhle. Lokhu akusho ukuthi akukho lutho olungalungile - kusho nje ukuthi ukuhlanza kwakho kuye kwaba nomuzwa omkhulu ngezizathu ezingacaci ngokuphelele.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela ngokuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma ukuhlanza kwakho kuqhubeka ngaphezu kwamasonto angu-8. Nakuba ukuhlanza okuningi okuqhubekayo kungabi yingozi, ukuhlolwa okuhle kusiza ukubona izimbangela ezilashwa futhi kunikeze impumuzo.

Funani usizo lokuthi udokotela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezibonakaliso zezixwayiso njengokuhlanza igazi, ukuncipha okukhulu kwesisindo, umkhuhlane ohlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, noma ukuphefumula kancane okukhulu. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izimo ezidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ungalindi uma ukuhlanza kwakho kuchaphazela kakhulu ubuthongo bakho, kubangele ubuhlungu besifuba, noma kukwenze uzizwe ukhathazekile ngempilo yakho. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukunquma ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo noma ukudluliselwa kudokotela ochwepheshe njengodokotela we-pulmonologist.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini yokuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthola ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi uqaphele uma ungase ube sengozini.

Izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Ukubhema noma ukubhekisiswa ukubhema njalo
• Ukuba ne-asthma, izilwelwe, noma ukutheleleka kwesinuses okuvamile
• Ukusebenza ezindaweni ezinuthuli noma ezigcwele amakhemikhali
• Ukuthatha imithi ye-ACE inhibitor yegazi
• Ukuba ne-GERD noma ukushisa kwesisu okuvamile
• Ukuba owesifazane (abesifazane bathuthukisa ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo ngokuvamile kunabesilisa)
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-asthma noma izilwelwe

Iminyaka idlala indima, ngokuhlanza okuqhubekayo okuvela ngokuvamile njengoba ukhula ngenxa yokuhluka emisebenzini yamaphaphu kanye nokukhula kwamathuba ezimo eziyisisekelo. Ukuphila ezindaweni ezinokungcoliswa okuphezulu noma amazinga e-allergen kungase futhi kubangele ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kubantu abathintekayo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngenxa yokuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Nakuba ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo ngokwakho kungavamile ukubangela izinkinga zezokwelapha ezinkulu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kungadala izinkinga ezingezona ezichaphazela ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho. Lezi zinkinga zithuthuka kancane kancane futhi zivame ukuthuthuka uma ukuhlanza okuyisisekelo kuphathwa.

Izinkinga zomzimba zingase zihlanganise:

• Ukuthukuthela ubuthongo okuholela ekukhatheleni kosuku
• Ukuqina kwemisipha esifubeni, emuva, noma esiswini
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda ngenxa yokuhlanza okunamandla
• Ukungahlali kahle ngesikhathi sokuhlanza
• Ukweqa kwezinhlangothi ezinkulu (kungavamile kakhulu)
• Ukukhathazeka komlomo kanye nokuhluka kwezwi

Ithonya lenhlalo kanye nezingqondo lingase libe nzima ngokulinganayo. Abantu abaningi bazizwa benesizungu ngokuhlanza obala, okuholela ekuhlukaniseni komphakathi noma ukukhathazeka. Ukusebenza komsebenzi kungase kuhlupheke ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ubuthongo kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuhlanza okuqhubekayo.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo okukhulu kungabangela izinkinga njengokuwa ngenxa yokuhlanza okukhulu, i-hernia ngenxa yokwanda kokucindezela kwesisu, noma ngisho nokuqhekeka kwamagagasi amancane egazi emehlweni. Lezi zinkinga ezinkulu azivamile kodwa zibonisa ukuthi kungani ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kufanele kuphathwe.

Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kungavikeleka kanjani?

Ukuvimbela kugxile ekugwemeni izinto ezibangela ukukhathazeka kanye nokuphatha izimo eziyisisekelo ezivame ukubangela ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo. Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela yonke isimo, lezi zindlela zinciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.

Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

• Ukugwema ukubhema kanye nokubhekisiswa ukubhema
• Ukuphatha izilwelwe ngemithi efanele
• Ukuphatha i-GERD ngokushintsha ukudla kanye nemithi
• Ukusebenzisa abahlanzi bomoya ukuze unciphise izinto eziphazamisayo ezikhona endlini
• Ukugcina umzimba uthambile ukuze ugcine i-mucus ibe thin
• Ukuthola imithi yonyaka ye-flu
• Ukugeza izandla njalo ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka komoya

Uma usebenza ezindaweni ezinuthuli noma ezigcwele amakhemikhali, ukugqoka imishini yokuphepha efanele kusiza ukuvimbela ukukhathazeka kwamaphaphu. Abantu abane-asthma kufanele balandele izinhlelo zabo zokwelashwa njalo ukuze bagweme ukukhathazeka okuvusa ukuhlanza.

Qaphela izinto ezibangela ukukhathazeka kwakho, kungaba yikudla okuthile okwenza kube kubi ukubuyela emuva, izinto ezithile ezibangela izilwelwe, noma izinto ezizungezile. Ukugcina idayari elula kungasiza ukubona izibonelo futhi kuqondise imizamo yokuvimbela.

Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kuhlonzwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonzwa kokuhlanza okuqhubekayo kuhilela umsebenzi wokucwaninga ukuze uthole imbangela eyiyisisekelo. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngengxoxo ephelele yezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, kanye nezinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuvame ukufaka ukuhlolwa komzimba okuqondene nomlomo wakho, isifu, kanye nezindlela zokuphefumula. Udokotela wakho uzolalela amaphaphu akho futhi angase ahlole izinhloko zakho ukuze abone izimpawu zokutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zokuhlola zingase zihlanganise:

• Isithombe se-X-ray sesifuba ukuze kuqale izinkinga zamaphaphu
• I-Spirometry ukuhlola umsebenzi wamaphaphu
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy uma kukhona izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini
• I-CT scan yezinhlangothi noma isifu uma kudingeka
• Ukuqapha i-pH ukuthola ukubuyela emuva kwama-acid
• Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Sputum uma uqhakaza i-mucus

Ngesinye isikhathi ukuhlonzwa kudinga indlela yokulinga nokwenza amaphutha. Udokotela wakho angase anikeze ukwelashwa kwimbangela evamile kakhulu futhi abone ukuthi ukuhlanza kwakho kuthuthuka yini. Le ndlela, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-therapeutic trial, ivame ukusisiza ukubona izimo njenge-GERD noma i-asthma ezingabonakali kahle ezivivinyweni.

Uma ukwelashwa kokuqala kungasizi, ungase udinga ukudluliselwa kudokotela ochwepheshe njengabadokotela be-pulmonologists, abachwepheshe be-allergists, noma odokotela be-ENT ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okuthuthukile kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlanza okuqhubekayo yini?

Ukwelashwa kokuhlanza okuqhubekayo kugxile ekunakekeleni imbangela eyiyisisekelo kunokucindezela ukuhlanza ngokwakho. Le ndlela inikeza impumuzo ehlala isikhathi eside futhi ivikela ukuhlanza ukuba kubuyele.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zihluka kuye ngimbangela ebonwe:

• Ama-antihistamines kanye nama-decongestants okuqhakaza okungapheli
• Ama-inhaled corticosteroids okuhlanza okuhlobene ne-asthma
• Ama-Proton pump inhibitors okuhlanza okuhlobene ne-GERD
• Ama-Antibiotics ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria
• Ukushintsha imithi uma i-ACE inhibitors iyimbangela
• Ama-Bronchodilators ukuvuvukala kwemizila yomoya
• Ama-Cough suppressants ukunciphisa izimpawu

Kwezinye izimo lapho kungekho imbangela ethile etholakala khona, odokotela bangase banikeze imithi ecindezela ukuhlanza, njenge-gabapentin noma ama-cough suppressants akhethekile. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingase zinikeze impumuzo enkulu ngisho noma imbangela eqondile ingacaci.

Amathuluzi okukhuluma angasiza abanye abantu ukuba bafunde ukulawula ukuhlanza kwabo ngokuzivocavoca kokuphefumula kanye nezindlela zokupumula komlomo. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu kubantu abaye baba nomkhuba wokuhlamba.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile lapho ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kuchaphazela kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila futhi kungaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, odokotela bangase bacabangele ukusebenza okwengeziwe njenge-nerve blocks noma ngisho nezinketho zokusebenza.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo ekhaya?

Izindlela zokuphatha ekhaya zingase zisekele ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha futhi zinikeze induduzo eyengeziwe ngenkathi usebenza nodokotela wakho ukuze unakekele imbangela eyiyisisekelo. Lezi zindlela zigxile ekunciphiseni izindlela zomoya ezicasukile kanye nokuncipha kwezinto ezibangela ukukhathazeka.

Izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya ezisebenzayo zihlanganisa:

• Ukugcina umzimba uthambile ukuze unciphise ukukhishwa kwe-mucus
• Ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ukwengeza umswakama emoyeni owomile
• Ukulala ngekhanda eliphakeme ukuze unciphise ukuhlanza ebusuku
• Ukugwema izinto ezibangela ukukhathazeka njengeziphuphu ezinamandla noma imikhiqizo yokuhlanza
• Ukudla ama-lozenges omhlomo noma amaswidi aqinile
• Ukuhlanza ngamanzi ashisayo ane-salt
• Ukupha amanzi ashisayo njengotiye lwemifino noma i-broth

Uju lungase lube lududuzayo kakhulu ekukhathazekeni komlomo, nakuba lungafanele lunikezwe ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka. Abanye abantu bathola impumuzo ngotiye le-ginger noma ezinye izitshalo ezinciphisa ukuvuvukala, kodwa hlola nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzimisela izitshalo.

Ukudala indawo enhle yokuhlanza ekhaya kusho ukunciphisa uthuli, ukusebenzisa ama-HEPA filters, kanye nokulondoloza amazinga okufuma okuhle phakathi kuka-30-50%. Lezi zinguquko ziyazuza wonke umuntu ekhaya lakho, hhayi labo abane-chronic cough kuphela.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono futhi kungase kuholele ekwelapheni okuphumelelayo. Ukulungiselela okuhle kuqinisekisa futhi ukuthi awukhohlwa imininingwane ebalulekile ngesikhathi sokuvakasha.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala phansi ukuthi ukuhlanza kwakho kuqalile nini, kuzwakala kanjani, futhi yini eyenza kube ngcono noma kubi. Qaphela ukuthi uhlanza yini kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku noma ezindaweni ezithile.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yakho yamanje, kuhlanganise nemithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho kanye nezinye izinto. Imithi ethile ingabangela ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, ngakho-ke lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukubona izimbangela ezingase zibe khona.

Lungela ukuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe, kuhlanganise nokuthi uqhakaza yini i-mucus, uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besifuba, noma unezinkinga zokulala. Cabanga ngezinguquko zakamuva endaweni yakho, ukudla, noma amazinga engcindezi angase abe yiyona.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezingase zidingeke, isikhathi eside sokwelashwa sivame ukuthela, noma ukuthi ukuhlanza kwakho kungase kube yiyona. Unganqikazi ukucela incazelo uma amagama ezokwelapha ebonakala ephazamisa.

Yini eyinhloko ngokuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kuyisimo esivamile kodwa esilashwa esichaphazela ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho kodwa ngokuvamile akusho isifo esikhulu. Isifuba sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo sikhona ekutholeni nasekunakekeleni imbangela eyiyisisekelo kunokucindezela ukuhlanza.

Abantu abaningi abane-chronic cough bathola impumuzo enkulu uma bethola ukwelashwa okufanele kwezimo njengokuqhakaza okungapheli, i-asthma, noma i-GERD. Ngisho noma imbangela eqondile ingacaci, izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zingasiza ekuqedeni ukuhlanza nokuvamile.

Khumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa kudinga isikhathi, futhi ungase udinga ukuzama izindlela ezahlukene ngaphambi kokuqonda ukuthi yini esebenza kahle kuwe. Hlala unesineke ngenqubo futhi ugcine ukuxhumana okuvulekile nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuqhubeka kwakho nokukhathazeka kwakho.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngokuhlanza okuqhubekayo

Ingabe ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo kuyona?

Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo ngokwakho akuyona. Noma kunjalo, uma ukuhlanza kwakho kubangelwa ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo, leyo ntheleleko engaphansi kungase ibe yona. Ukuhlanza okuningi okuqhubekayo kuvela ezingxenyeni ezingathinteki njengezilwelwe, i-asthma, noma ukubuyela emuva kwama-acid, ngakho awudingi ukukhathazeka ngokukusabalalisa kwabanye.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka kungase kuhlanganyele ekuhlanzweni okuqhubekayo ngezindlela eziningi. Ukucindezeleka kungase kwenze izimo njenge-asthma ne-GERD zibe zimbi, okuholela ekuhlanzweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu bathuthukisa umkhuba wokuhlamba ohlobene nokucindezeleka, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuthola impumuzo ngenxa yokutheleleka komoya. Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokupumula kuvame ukusisiza ekuqedeni ukuhlanza.

Ingabe ukuhlanza kwami okuqhubekayo kuyoke kuphele ngokuphelele?

Ukuhlanza okuningi okuqhubekayo kuthuthuka kakhulu noma kuphela ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele. Isikhathi sihluka kuye ngimbangela eyiyisisekelo kanye nendlela ophendula ngayo ekwelapheni. Abanye abantu babona ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamasonto, ngenkathi abanye bengase badinge izinyanga eziningi zokwelashwa. Ngisho nezinye izimo ezinzima ngokuvamile ziphendula ekuphatheni okuqhubekayo, okufanele.

Ingabe ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungase kubangele ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo?

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungenza kube kubi ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-asthma noma izilwelwe. Umoya obandayo, owomile, uvame ukwenza kube kubi ukuhlanza, ngenkathi ukufuma okuphezulu kungase kukhulise ukhula kanye ne-dust mites. Ukushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa, imimoya enamandla, noma izinsuku eziningi ze-pollen kungase futhi kubangele ukuhlanza kubantu abathintekayo.

Kufanele ngigweme ukuzivocavoca uma ngine-chronic cough?

Awudingi ukugwema ukuzivocavoca ngokuphelele, kodwa ungase udinga ukushintsha umkhuba wakho. Uma i-asthma ibangela ukuhlanza kwakho, ukusebenzisa i-inhaler ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca kungasiza. Khetha imisebenzi yangaphakathi ngezinsuku eziningi ze-pollen noma isimo sezulu esibandayo kakhulu. Ukuzivocavoca okuncane njengokuhamba noma ukubhukuda kuvame ukuba ngcono kunokuzivocavoca okukhulu okubangela ukuhlanza.