Ukuhlushwa Yikhanda Leqembu: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu kuyizikhanda ezibuhlungu kakhulu ezivela ngezindlela noma ngamaqembu, ngokuvamile kuqhuma ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke amasonto noma izinyanga. Kungenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zezinkulu zekhanda ongahlushwa yizo, kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okukhona ukuze kusize ekuphatheni.

Lezi zikhanda zithola igama lazo ngoba zivame ukwenzeka ngezindlela eziqhelele noma ngamaqembu. Ungaba nezinkulu zekhanda eziningi ngosuku amasonto, bese uhlangabezana nezinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ungabi luhlungu. Nakuba ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu kuncane, kulimaza abantu abangaphansi kuka-1% wabantu, ukuqonda ukuthi kungasiza ekuqondeni izimpawu nokuthola ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuvuthayo obuvamise ukugxila eduze noma ngemuva kweliso elilodwa. Ubuhlungu buvamise ukuchazwa njengokuzwa sengathi i-poker eshisayo iqhutshwa ngeliso, futhi ngokuvamile bukhulu kakhulu kunokuhlaselwa kwezinye izinhlobo zezinkulu zekhanda.

Phakathi nesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu, cishe uzobona izimpawu eziningi ezibonakalayo ezenza lesi simo sihluke kakhulu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu eduze noma ngemuva kweliso elilodwa okungase kusakazeke ebunzini lakho, ethempelini, noma ehlombe
• Iso libomvu, elinemanzi ngakwesinye ihlangothi
• I-nostril evaliwe noma ephuma amanzi ngakwesinye ihlangothi njengoba kunjalo ubuhlungu
• I-eyelidi ehlulekile noma i-pupil encane ngakwesinye ihlangothi oluhlungu
• Ukuphephezela nokukwazi ukulala ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa
• Ukuqhaqhazela ebunzini lakho noma ebusweni
• Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni nasemizweni

Ukuhlaselwa kuvame ukuphela phakathi kwemizuzu engu-15 kuya emahoreni angu-3, okuningi kuphela cishe imizuzu engu-45 kuya ku-hora elilodwa. Ngokungafani ne-migraines, cishe uzizwa ungakhululekile futhi udinga ukuhamba noma ukujikeleza ngemuva nangaphambili kunokuba ulele. Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile buhlala ngakwesinye ihlangothi lekhanda lakho phakathi nesikhathi sonke seqembu.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Odokotela bahlukanisa ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ekutheni zivele kangakanani nokuthi isikhathi eside kangakanani izikhathi ezingenabuhlungu ziphela. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona kuzokusiza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukukhetha indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo kakhulu.

Ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu okuphindaphindayo kuyilohlobo oluvamile kakhulu, olulimaza abantu abangaba ngu-80-90% abanesimo. Ngokuhlushwa okuphindaphindayo, uzobona izikhathi zokuhlaselwa yikhanda eziphela amasonto kuya ezinyangeni, kulandele izikhathi zokubuyela emuva eziphela izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa yikhanda. Izikhathi zeqembu ngokuvamile zenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo unyaka ngamunye, njengasebusika noma entwasahlobo.

Ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu okuqhubekayo kwenzeka uma unezinkulu zekhanda isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ngaphandle kwesikhathi esingenabuhlungu, noma uma izikhathi zokubuyela emuva ziphela ngaphansi kwenyanga. Lolu hlobo alunakho ukwanda kodwa kunzima ukulwelapha. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu okuphindaphindayo kungaguquka kube okuqhubekayo, nakuba okuphambene nakho kungenzeka ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Yini ebangela ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu?

Imbangela eqondile yokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuhilelekile izinkinga ne-biological clock yomzimba wakho kanye nezinye izinto ze-brain chemicals. I-hypothalamus yakho, ingxenye yengqondo yakho elawula izikhathi zokulala-nokuvuka kanye nezinye izikhathi zomzimba, kubonakala sengathi idlala indima ebalulekile.

Izici eziningi zibonakala zifaka isandla ekutheni ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu kuqale:

• Ukuhlupheka kwe-circadian rhythm noma i-biological clock
• Ukushintsha amazinga ezinto ezithile ze-brain chemicals njenge-serotonin ne-histamine
• Izinkinga ngokwanda kwegazi ekhanda lakho
• Umsebenzi ongajwayelekile we-trigeminal nerve, olawula ukuzwa ebusweni bakho
• Izici zofuzo, njengoba ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu ngezinye izikhathi kuhamba emindenini

Izici ezivamile ezingaqala ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu phakathi nesikhathi sakho seqembu zihlanganisa utshwala, izinongo ezinamandla njenge-perfume noma upende, izibani ezicwebezelayo, ukushintsha izindlela zokulala, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa njenge-nitroglycerin. Ngokuthakazelisayo, lezi zici ezifanayo ngokuvamile azibangeli izinkinga phakathi nezikhathi zakho ezingenabuhlungu.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu kungaba okwesibili kwezinye izimo njengezinkinga zengqondo, ukungaqondakali kwegazi, noma ukutheleleka. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu okuningi kuyizikhanda eziyinhloko, okusho ukuthi azibangelwa yisimo sezempilo esingaphansi.

Nini okumele ubheke udokotela ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Kufanele ubheke umhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlushwa yizikhanda ezinkulu ezifanisa iphethini yekhanda leqembu. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu kubalulekile ngoba kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okukhona okunganciphisa ubuhlungu bakho futhi kuvimbele ukuhlaselwa kwesikhathi esizayo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zezexwayiso kanye nezinkulu zekhanda zakho:

• Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda okungaqondakali, okukhulu okungafani nanoma yiluphi oluke lwaba khona ngaphambili
• Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda ngomkhuhlane, intamo eqinile, ukungazi, noma ukushintsha kokubona
• Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda ngemuva kokulimaza ikhanda
• Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda okuqhubeka kubi izinsuku noma amasonto
• Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda ngobunqunu, ukungabi namandla, noma ukukhuluma okunzima

Ngisho noma izinkulu zekhanda zakho zingenawo la masexwayiso, ungazilimazi ngokuthula. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi unezinkulu zekhanda leqembu futhi enze uhlelo lokwelapha ukuze uphathe izimpawu zakho ngokuphumelelayo. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni ngokuvamile kusebenza kangcono kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho iphethini isesimweni esihle.

Ziyini izici ezingaba yingozi zokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Ukuqonda ukuthi ubani ongahlushwa yikhanda leqembu kungakusiza ekuqondeni ukuthi ungase ube sengozini enkulu. Nakuba noma ubani angaba nokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu, izici ezithile zenza kube lula ukuba zenzeke.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingaba yingozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesilisa - amadoda anezikhathi ezingu-3-4 ezinamandla okuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kunabesifazane
• Iminyaka - abantu abaningi baqala ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu phakathi kweminyaka engu-20-40
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa kakhulu utshwala
• Umlando womndeni wokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu
• Ukuba nezici ezithile zomzimba njengomhlathi oqhakazile noma i-cleft chin
• Ukulimala kwangaphambili ekhanda noma ukulimala

Ezinye izici ezingavamile ezingaba yingozi abacwaningi abazitholile zihlanganisa ukuba nemihlobiso yamehlo, ukuphakama, nokuhlushwa yisifo sokuhamba njengengane. Noma kunjalo, le miqondiso ayiqondakali ngokuphelele futhi ayisho ukuthi uzokuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba ukubhema nokusela utshwala kungabangeli ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu, kungaqala ukuhlaselwa phakathi nezikhathi zeqembu futhi kungenza isimo sibe sibi. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi izinkulu zekhanda ziba ngcono uma beyeka ukubhema noma banciphise ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Nakuba ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu ngokwalo kungabi yingozi eyingozi, kungabangela izinhlanganisela eziningi ezithinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Ubuhlungu obukhulu nokungaziwa kwalezi zikhanda kungathinta izici eziningi zansuku zonke.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile ongahlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlupheka kokulala, njengoba ukuhlaselwa kuvame ukwenzeka ebusuku
• Ukuqina nokukhathazeka ngokubhekana nobuhlungu obukhulu, obuphindaphindayo
• Ukuzihlukanisa nabantu nokucindezeleka kobuhlobo
• Ukungabikho emsebenzini noma esikoleni phakathi nezikhathi zeqembu
• Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda ngenxa yokusebenzisa kakhulu izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ubuhlungu
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi yokuvimbela

Ezimweni ezingavamile, abanye abantu bathuthukisa izinhlanganisela ezingathi sína. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuncika kwemithi, ukucindezeleka okukhulu okuholela emicabangweni yokuzibulala, noma izinkulu zekhanda zansuku zonke eziqhubekayo. Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nobuhlungu obuthambile obuqhubekayo phakathi kokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu, nakuba lokhu kungavamile.

Ukuhlupheka ngokomzwelo kokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu akufanele kuphazanyiswe. Ubuhlungu obukhulu nokungaqondakali kungabangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu mayelana nokuthi ukuhlaselwa okulandelayo kuzokwenzeka nini. Ukuba nesistimu esiqinile yokusekela nokusebenza nabhlinzeki bezempilo abaqonda ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kungasiza ekuvinjeni noma ekuphatheni lezi zinhlanganisela ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kuhlonzwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonzwa kokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe ekuqondeni kwakho iphethini yempawu nomlando wakho wezokwelapha kunokuhlolwa okuqondile. Udokotela wakho uzokubuzisa imibuzo eminingilizi mayelana nezici zekhanda lakho, isikhathi, kanye nezimpawu ezihambisana nayo ukuze enze ukuxilongwa okuchane.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobheka izici ezithile eziqondisa ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuba nokuhlaselwa okungenani okuyisihlanu kobhlungu obukhulu obuhlala imizuzu engu-15 kuya emahoreni angu-3, ubuhlungu ngakwesinye ihlangothi lekhanda lakho eduze kwendawo yamehlo, kanye nokunye okungenani kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo njengobomvu lwamehlo noma ukungcola kwesinhlungu ngakwesinye ihlangothi njengoba kunjalo ubuhlungu.

Ezimweni eziningi, akukho zihloko ezikhethekile ezidingekayo uma izimpawu zakho zifanisa iphethini yekhanda leqembu. Noma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-MRI noma i-CT scan uma izinkulu zekhanda zakho zinezici ezingavamile noma uma becabanga ngesizathu sesibili. Izivivinyo zegazi azivamile ngaphandle uma ezinye izimo zidinga ukususwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bazokucela ukuba ugcine idayari yekhanda ukuze uqaphele isikhathi, ubukhulu, kanye nezici zokuhlaselwa kwakho. Lolu lwazi lusisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi lungaba yilutho oluwusizo ekucwaningeni ukwelapha. Ukuqhelelana nokuqondana kokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kwenza kube lula ukuqaphela uma iphethini ibonakala.

Yini ukwelashwa kokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Ukwelashwa kokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kugxila emigomweni emibili ebalulekile: ukuyeka ukuhlaselwa ngokushesha futhi ukuvimbela izinkulu zekhanda zesikhathi esizayo phakathi nezikhathi zeqembu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okukhona, nakuba ukuthi yini esebenza kangcono kakhulu kungase kuhluke kumuntu ngamunye.

Ukuyeka ukuhlaselwa okukhulu, udokotela wakho angase acele:

• Ukwelashwa nge-oksijini ephezulu ngomqhele webuso
• I-Sumatriptan injections noma i-nasal spray
• I-Zolmitriptan nasal spray
• I-Dihydroergotamine nasal spray noma i-injection
• I-Octreotide injections ezimweni ezingavamile

Imithi yokuvimbela iyasiza ekuthuthukiseni ubukhulu nobukhulu bokuhlaselwa phakathi nezikhathi zeqembu. Izindlela ezivamile zihlanganisa i-verapamil (i-calcium channel blocker), i-lithium, i-topiramate, kanye ne-corticosteroids ukuze kuqedwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi esifushane ekuqaleni kwesikhathi seqembu.

Kubantu abane-cluster headaches eziqhubekayo noma labo abangaphenduli ekwelapheni okujwayelekile, kukhona izinketho eziphambili ezitholakalayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukugqoka izinzwa, ukukhuthaza ingqondo ejulile, noma ukukhuthaza izinzwa ze-occipital. Lezi zinqubo ngokuvamile zigcinelwe izimo ezinzima futhi zenziwa ama-headache centers akhethekile.

Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kuhluleka khona, abanye odokotela bangase bacabangele ukwelashwa okuvivinywayo noma izivivinyo zezokwelapha. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka okukhulu ngokwelashwa okujwayelekile uma kulotshwe kahle futhi kusetshenziswe.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile ngokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu, kukhona izinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usize ekuphatheni isimo sakho futhi mhlawumbe unciphise ubukhulu bokuhlaselwa. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kangcono uma zihlanganiswa nehlolo lokwelapha lika-dokotela wakho.

Phakathi nezikhathi zakho ezingenabuhlungu, gxila ekuqondeni izindlela zokulala eziqhelele futhi ugweme izici ozibona. Ukuya ekulolweni nokuvuka ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke kusiza ekuqondeni i-biological clock yakho, okungasiza ekuvinjeni izikhathi ezintsha zeqembu eziqala.

Uma usesikhathini seqembu esisebenzayo, cabanga ngalezi zindlela eziwusizo:

• Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele, njengoba kungaqala ukuhlaselwa ngaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa
• Hlala kude nezinongo ezinamandla njenge-perfume, i-gasoline, noma upende
• Sebenzisa i-oksijini noma imithi yakho uma ubona isilwane sokuhlaselwa
• Zama ukuhlala uzolile futhi uthole indawo ethule, emnyama ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa
• Faka i-compresses ebandayo endaweni ethintekayo
• Zama izindlela zokuphumula phakathi kokuhlaselwa

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuzivocavoca okuthambile phakathi nezikhathi ezingenabuhlungu kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukucindezeleka futhi kugcine impilo yonke. Noma kunjalo, gwema ukuzivocavoca okukhulu phakathi nezikhathi zeqembu, njengoba kungase kuqale ukuhlaselwa kubanye abantu. Gcina idayari yekhanda ukuze uqonde izici zakho zomuntu siqu neziphethini.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela kahle i-appointment yakho yokuya kudokotela kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kanye nehlolo lokwelapha eliphumelelayo. Ukuletha ulwazi olufanele kusiza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuqonda isimo sakho esithile futhi acele ukwelashwa okuhle kakhulu kuwe.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, bhala ulwazi oluqondile mayelana nezinkulu zekhanda zakho. Faka lapho zaqala khona, zingakanani zivele, ziphele isikhathi eside kangakanani, futhi yikuphi ubuhlungu obukhona. Qaphela noma yiziphi iziphethini ozibonile, njengokuthi zivele ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku noma izikhathi zonyaka.

Lungiselela lolu lwazi olukhulu ukuze uhlanganyele nodokotela wakho:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yamanje, kuhlanganise imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho kanye nezinsiza
• Umlando womndeni wezinkulu zekhanda noma izimo zezinzwa
• Uchazo lokuthi izinkulu zekhanda zakho zizizwa kanjani kanye nezimpawu ezihambisana nazo
• Noma yiziphi izici ozibonile
• Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili okuke wakuzama kanye nokuphumelela kwako
• Indlela izinkulu zekhanda ezithinta ngayo impilo yakho yansuku zonke nomsebenzi

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni omethembayo noma umngani obebone izinkulu zekhanda zakho. Bangakwazi ukunikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nezimpawu zakho futhi bakusize ukukhumbula ulwazi olukhulu oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-appointment. Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho, izinketho zokwelapha, kanye nalokho okufanele ukulindele.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kuyizikhanda ezinkulu kodwa eziphatheka kalula ezivela ngezindlela ezibikezelwayo. Nakuba ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu, ukuqonda isimo sakho nokusebenza nabhlinzeki bezempilo abanolwazi kungabangela ukuthuthuka okukhulu ekhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi awudingi ukuhlushwa yikhanda leqembu wedwa. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona, futhi abantu abaningi bafinyelela ekulawuleni okuhle kwezimpawu zabo ngokudibeneyo kokwelashwa okukhulu nokukhulu. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa ngokuvamile kuholela emiphumeleni emihle.

Hlala unethemba futhi uqine ekusebenzeni neqembu lakho lezokwelapha. Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kungaba nzima, kodwa ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, ukulungiswa kwesitayela sempilo, nokwesekwa, abantu abaningi bangaphatha isimo sabo ngokuphumelelayo futhi baqhubeke bephila impilo egcwele.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu

Q.1 Ingabe ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kubhlungu kakhulu kunama-migraines?

Yebo, ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokubuhlungu kakhulu kunama-migraines. Abantu abaningi bachaza ubuhlungu bokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu njengobhlungu obukhulu kakhulu abake baba nalo, ngokuvamile balilinganisa ku-10/10 kuma-pain scales. Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile bukhulu, obuvuthayo, nokugoqa, kuyilapho ubuhlungu be-migraine ngokuvamile buqhaqhazela noma buqhuma. Noma kunjalo, zombili izimo zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha okufanele.

Q.2 Ingabe ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kungelashwa unomphela?

Okwamanje, ayikho indlela yokwelapha unomphela yokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu, kodwa isimo singaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele. Abantu abaningi bafinyelela ekulawuleni okuhle kwezimpawu zabo ngemithi yokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa okukhulu. Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nezinyanga ezinde zokubuyela emuva eziphela iminyaka, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kungase kuyeke ukwenzeka ngokuphelele njengoba abantu bekhula.

Q.3 Kungani ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kuvame ukwenzeka ebusuku?

Ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala ngoba kuhlanganiswe eduze ne-circadian rhythms yomzimba wakho ne-biological clock. I-hypothalamus, elawula lezi rhythms, kubonakala sengathi ihilelekile ekuhlaselweni yikhanda leqembu. Ukuhlaselwa okuningi kwenzeka ngezigaba ze-REM sleep, ngokuvamile amahora angu-2-3 ngemuva kokulala. Le phetini yesikhathi empeleni ingenye yezimpawu zokuxilongwa ezisiza odokotela ukuqonda ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu.

Q.4 Ingabe abesifazane bangaba nokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu?

Yebo, abesifazane ngokuqinisekile bangaba nokuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu, nakuba kuvame kakhulu kumadoda. Cishe u-20-25% wabantu abane-cluster headaches bangabesifazane. Kubesifazane, ukuhlaselwa yikhanda leqembu kungase kuthonye ukushintsha kwe-hormonal, futhi abanye abesifazane baphawula ukuthi iziphethini zabo zishintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma i-menopause. Izimpawu nezindlela zokwelapha ngokuvamile zifanayo kungakhathaliseki ubulili.

Q.5 Isikhathi eside kangakanani izikhathi zeqembu zivame ukuphela?

Izinkulu zekhanda zeqembu ngokuvamile ziphela phakathi kwamasonto angu-2 kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-3, okuningi kuphela cishe amasonto angu-6-12. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungaba nokuhlaselwa yikhanda okungu-1-8 ngosuku, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke. Ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi seqembu, ngokuvamile uba nezinyanga noma iminyaka ungabi luhlungu ngaphambi kokuba kuqale isikhathi seqembu esilandelayo. Isikhathi singase sibe lula kakhulu kubantu abaningi, ngezinye izikhathi senzeka ngezikhathi.