Iyini i-Cold Sore? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Ama-cold sores amancane, ama-blisters agcwele uketshezi avele phezu noma eduze kwemilomo yakho, abangelwa yi-herpes simplex virus. Ayavame kakhulu, athinta abantu abacishe babe yi-67% emhlabeni wonke abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-50, ngakho-ke uma ubhekene nawo, awuwedwa.

Lezi zibopho ezincane ezibuhlungu zivame ukuvela lapho i-immune system yakho ixinekile noma ibuthakathaka. Nakuba zingase zizwe zihlupha noma zingakhululeki, ama-cold sores ayisimo esilawuleka esivame ukuphulukana ngokwalo phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10.

Ziyini izimpawu zama-cold sores?

Ama-cold sores avame ukuzibonakalisa ngokukhahlela noma ukuvutha ngaphambi kokuba ubone noma yini. Lesi sibonakaliso sokuqala sesixwayiso, esibizwa nge-prodrome stage, sivela cishe amahora angu-12-24 ngaphambi kokuba ivele i-blister.

Nanku lokho ongahlangabezana nakho njengoba i-cold sore ithuthuka:

• Ukukhahlela, ukukhahlela, noma ukuvutha eduze kwendawo yomlomo wakho
• Ama-blisters amancane, agcwele uketshezi ahlangana ndawonye
• Ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu endaweni ethintekile
• Ukuphuma nokuqhekeka njengoba ama-blisters eqhekeka
• Ama-lymph nodes avuvukile entanyeni yakho
• Ukuqala kabuhlungu (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwakho kokuqala)
• I-headache noma ubuhlungu bomzimba

Ukuqhuma kwakho kokuqala kuvame ukuba yikona okubi kakhulu futhi kungathatha izinsuku ezingafika kwezi-14. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukuqhuma kwesikhathi esizayo kuvame ukuba buthambile futhi bufushane njengoba umzimba wakho wakha ubukhona bomzimba.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, abanye abantu bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengoba u-fever ophezulu, ubunzima bokuginya, noma ama-sores asakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zobuso. Lezi zimo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela ama-cold sores?

Ama-cold sores abangelwa yi-herpes simplex virus, ikakhulukazi i-HSV-1, nakuba i-HSV-2 ingawabangela futhi. Uma usuqandwe yi-virus, ihlala emzimbeni wakho unomphela, ihlala iphilile kuma-nerve cells eduze komgogodla wakho.

I-virus isakazeka ngokuxhumana ngqo nesali, isikhumba, noma ama-mucous membranes asulelekile. Ungayithola ngokuthinta umuntu one-cold sore esebenzayo, ukwabelana ngezitsha, noma ngisho nokuthinta ubuso obuthintekile bese uthinta umlomo wakho.

Izici eziningi zingabangela i-virus ephilile ukuthi ibuyele futhi ibingela ukuqhuma:

• Ukuqina noma ukuphazamiseka ngokomzwelo
• Ukugula noma i-fever
• Ukukhathala noma ukushoda kokulala
• Ukukhanya kwelanga noma umoya
• Ukushintsha kwama-hormone ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini
• I-immune system ebuthakathaka
• Umsebenzi wezinyo noma ukulimala emlonyeni
• Ukudla okuthile (njengotsokolate noma amantongomane kwabanye abantu)

Ukuqonda izici zakho siqu kungakusiza ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwesikhathi esizayo. Abantu abaningi baphawula izindlela lapho ama-cold sores abo evela khona, okwenza ukuvimbela kube lula.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela ngama-cold sores?

Ama-cold sores amaningi aphulukana ngokwalo ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa kunezikhathi lapho ukubona umhlinzeki wezempilo kubalulekile. Uma le yi-cold sore yakho yokuqala, kufanele uyihlole ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuxoxa ngezinketho zokwelapha.

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obuphazamisa ukudla noma ukuphuza
• Ama-cold sores angaphuli phakathi nezinsuku ezimbili
• Ukuqhuma okuvamile (ngaphezulu kweyesihlanu ngonyaka)
• Ama-sores aseduze noma emehlweni akho
• I-fever ephezulu noma izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-bacteria
• Ama-sores asakazekile ebusweni noma emzimbeni wakho
• Izimpawu uma une-immune system ebuthakathaka

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa izimpawu zamehlo njengoba ubuhlungu, ukukhanya kokukhanya, noma ukushintsha kokubona. I-HSV ingabangela ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamehlo okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Ziyini izici ezingozi zama-cold sores?

Noma ubani angathola ama-cold sores, kodwa izici ezithile zikwenza kube lula ukuthola i-virus noma uhlangabezane nokuqhuma okuvamile. Iminyaka idlala indima, njengoba abantu abaningi bavulekele i-HSV-1 ebuntwaneni ngokuxhumana nomndeni.

Lezi zici zikhuphula ingozi yakho yokuthola noma ukusakaza ama-cold sores:

• Ukuthintana eduze nomuntu one-cold sores esebenzayo
• Ukubambisana ngezinto zomuntu siqu njenge-lip balm, izitsha, noma ama-towels
• Ukuba ne-immune system ebuthakathaka
• Ukuba ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuqhubekayo
• Ukuba nezinye izimo zesikhumba njenge-eczema
• Ukuhlanganyela emidlalweni yokuxhumana
• Ukuba nabalingani abaningi bobulili

Abantu abane-immune systems ezingathuthuki kahle, njengalabo abane-HIV, umdlavuza, noma abasebenzisa imithi yokucindezela i-immune, babhekene nengozi enkulu yokuthola ukuqhuma okukhulu noma okuvamile. Bangase futhi bahlangabezane nezimo zokwelapha ezihamba kancane.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngama-cold sores?

Nakuba ama-cold sores avame ukuba awonakali futhi aphulukana ngaphandle kwezinkinga, izinkinga zingase zenzeke ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-immune systems ebuthakathaka noma ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kokuqala. Izinkinga eziningi ziyizinto ezingavamile kodwa kufanele zaziwe.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria okwesibili kwama-sores avulekile
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi ngenxa yobunzima bokuphuza noma ukudla
• Ukusakazeka eminweni (herpetic whitlow)
• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okungathinta ukubona
• Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwesikhumba (eczema herpeticum)
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho (encephalitis) - kuyinto engavamile kakhulu
• I-genital herpes ngokuxhumana komlomo

Izingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nabantu abanezimo ezinjenge-eczema noma izifo ze-immune badinga ukulandelelwa ngokucophelela okwengeziwe. Uma ungomunye walabo bantu, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze imithi ye-antiviral ngisho nasekuqhameni okuncane.

Ungawavimbela kanjani ama-cold sores?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ama-cold sores uma usuvele une-virus, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuqhuma nokuvimbela ukusakaza ukutheleleka kwabanye. Ukuvimbela kugxile ekugwemeni izici nokwenza ukuhlanzeka okuhle.

Ukuvimbela ukuqhuma, zama lezi zindlela:

• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen emlonyeni wakho nasebusweni uma ungaphandle
• Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokupumula
• Thola ukulala okwanele futhi ugcine ukudla okunempilo
• Gwema ukudla okuvusa uma usuvele ukwazi
• Shintsha ibhrashi lakho leminwe ngemuva kokupuka
• Gcina imilomo yakho inamafutha ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka
• Thatha imithi ye-antiviral uma ilotshwe ngokuvikela

Ukuvimbela ukusakaza ama-cold sores kwabanye, ungathinti noma wabelane ngezinto zomuntu siqu ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi ugweme ukuthinta ama-sores. Uma i-scab iwa futhi indawo iphulukile ngokuphelele, awusasazeki.

Ama-cold sores axilongwa kanjani?

Odokotela abaningi bangaxilonga ama-cold sores nje ngokubabuka, ikakhulukazi uma usuvele uwaqaphele. Ukubonakala kanye nendawo yabo kwenza kube lula ukuwabona ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi zaqala nini, nokuthi usuvele waqaphela ukuqhuma okufanayo ngaphambili. Bazohlola indawo ethintekile futhi bangase bathinte ngobumnene ama-lymph nodes aseduze ukuhlola ukuvuvukala.

Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ngokuqhuma kokuqala noma ukuxilongwa okungacaci, udokotela wakho angase ayalele ukuhlolwa:

• I-viral culture evela e-blister fluid
• I-PCR test yokuthola i-virus ngokuqondile
• I-blood test ukuhlola i-HSV antibodies
• I-Tzanck smear (ayisetshenziswa kakhulu manje)

Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa nokucacisa ukuthi iyiphi i-herpes virus ebangela izimpawu zakho. Lolu lwazi lungasiza ekuhleleni ukwelashwa nasekuqondeni isimo sakho kangcono.

Iyini ukwelashwa kwama-cold sores?

Ama-cold sores avame ukuphulukana ngokwalo phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10, kodwa ukwelashwa kungasiza ekuthambiseni ubuhlungu, ukushesisa ukwelashwa, nokugwema ukusakaza. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kuba yikona okuphumelelayo.

Imithi ye-antiviral iyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha:

• Ama-creams aphezulu njenge-acyclovir noma i-penciclovir
• Imithi yomlomo njenge-acyclovir, i-valacyclovir, noma i-famciclovir
• Ama-patches alwetshiwe ahambisa imithi ngokuqondile
• Ama-antivirals ahlukaniswe ngezimo ezinzima

Udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ama-antivirals omhlathi uma unekuqhuma okuvamile, izimpawu ezinzima, noma i-immune system ebuthakathaka. Le mi-thi isebenza kangcono uma iqalwa phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48 ngemuva kokuthola izimpawu.

Izinketho ezingaphezulu komthengisi zingasiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu nokungahambi kahle. Abaphuli bobuhlungu njenge-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen banciphisa ukuvuvukala nokungakhululeki. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi i-lysine supplements iyasiza, nakuba ubufakazi besayensi buxubile.

Indlela yokuphatha ama-cold sores ekhaya?

Ukukhathalela ekhaya kugxile ekuqinisiseni indawo, ukulawula ubuhlungu, nokugwema izenzo ezingase zibe nzima ukuqhuma noma ukusakaza i-virus. Ukukhathalela okuthambile kusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uphulukise ngokwemvelo ngenkathi unciphisa ukungahambi kahle.

Nanku amasu okulawula ekhaya aphezulu:

• Faka iqhwa noma ama-compresses abandayo imizuzu engu-10-15 izikhathi eziningi nsuku zonke
• Gcina indawo ihlanzekile futhi yomile
• Sebenzisa i-petroleum jelly ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka
• Gwema ukuthatha noma ukuthinta ama-sores
• Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuhlala unamanzi
• Dle ukudla okuthambile, okubandayo uma ubuhlungu bomlomo benza ukudla kube nzima
• Sebenzisa i-towel ehlukile futhi ugweme ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu

Abanye abantu bathola impumuzo ekuphulukiseni kwemvelo njenge-aloe vera gel noma i-lemon balm cream, nakuba lezi zingelona ukwelashwa okuqinisekisiwe. Hlola njalo nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzimisela ukwelashwa okusha, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye izimo zezempilo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yedokotela?

Ukuba ulungile nge-appointment yakho kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uthola ulwazi oluwusizo kakhulu nezincomo zokwelapha. Cabanga ngezimpawu zakho nanoma yimiphi imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza ngaphambili.

Ngaphambi kokuya kwakho, qaphela lokhu:

• Lapho izimpawu zakho zaqala futhi zishintshe kanjani
• Noma yiziphi izici oziqaphile ngokuqhuma kwesikhathi esidlule
• Imithi noma i-supplements oyithatha njengamanje
• Ukwelashwa okudlule okuzamayo nokuphumelela kwawo
• Ukuthi uhlangabezana kangaki nokuqhuma
• Noma yimuphi umlando womndeni wama-cold sores noma i-herpes

Bhala phansi imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha, amasu okuvimbela, noma ukukhathazeka ngokusakaza ukutheleleka. Unganqikazi ukubuza ngemithi yokulotshwa uma ukwelashwa okungaphezulu komthengisi akukusizi ngokwanele.

Iyini into ebalulekile ngama-cold sores?

Ama-cold sores ayisimo esivamile, esilawuleka esiphathwa abantu abaningi ekuphileni kwabo konke. Nakuba angase angakhululeki futhi ngezinye izikhathi ahlupha, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona ukuthambisa izimpawu nokuvimbela ukuqhuma.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma uzizwa ukukhahlela kokuqala, ukugwema izici uma kungenzeka, nokwenza ukuhlanzeka okuhle ukuvimbela ukusakaza. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle futhi ngezinye izikhathi imithi, unganciphisa umthelela wawo ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nama-cold sores akubonisi imikhuba yakho yempilo noma ukuhlanzeka. Awukona nje ukutheleleka okuvamile kwe-viral okuthinta iningi labantu abadala emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuthinta okulungile, ungawaphatha ngokuphumelelayo nangokuqiniseka.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngama-cold sores

M1: Ingabe ama-cold sores afana nama-canker sores?

Cha, ayizimo ezahlukene ngokuphelele. Ama-cold sores avele ngaphandle kwemilomo yakho futhi abangelwa yi-herpes virus, kuyilapho ama-canker sores ethuthuka ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho futhi anezinye izimbangela ezihlanganisa ukucindezeleka, ukulimala, noma ukushoda kokudla. Ama-canker sores awukona ukutheleleka, kodwa ama-cold sores ayathinteka.

M2: Ngingathola ama-cold sores kusuka e-oral sex?

Yebo, i-HSV-1 (evame ukubangela ama-cold sores) ingadluliselwa endaweni ye-genital ngokuxhumana komlomo, ibangele i-genital herpes. Ngokufanayo, i-HSV-2 ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ama-cold sores ngokuxhumana komlomo. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuxhumana komlomo ngesikhathi sokuqhuma okusebenzayo.

M3: Ngingakanani isikhathi esingithintayo nge-cold sore?

Uthinteka kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhahlela kuze kube yilapho i-sore iphulukile ngokuphelele futhi isikhumba esisha sitholakala. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha izinsuku eziyi-7-10. Ungasakaza i-virus ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kube khona izimpawu ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke gwema ukuxhumana eduze uma uzizwa lokho ukukhahlela okuqondene.

M4: Ingabe ama-cold sores azohamba phakade uma ngithatha imithi ye-antiviral?

Imithi ye-antiviral inganciphisa ubukhulu nobunzima bokuqhuma, kodwa ayiluki ukutheleleka. I-herpes virus ihlala iphilile emzimbeni wakho unomphela. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukuqhuma kuba kancane futhi buthambile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nangaphandle kokwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

M5: Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungenza kube khona ukuqhuma kwama-cold sore?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka kungenye yezici ezivamile zokuqhuma kwama-cold sore. Uma ucindezelekile, i-immune system yakho ingase ibe buthakathaka okwesikhashana, ivumela i-virus ephilile ukuthi ibuyele. Ukulawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokupumula, ukulala okwanele, kanye nemikhuba yempilo enempilo kungasiza ekuthambiseni ubukhulu bokuqhuma.