Ukuqala Kwempilo: Yini I-Common Cold? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-common cold iwumkhuhlane obangelwa yi-virus oqeda impumulo nomlomo. Kuyisifo esivame kakhulu kubantu, abantu abadala behlushwa yi-2-3 colds ngonyaka. Nakuba kungabi mnandi uma uhlushwa yiyo, i-cold ngokuvamile ayilimazi futhi umzimba wakho uyalwa nayo phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-7-10.

Yini I-Common Cold?

I-common cold iwumkhuhlane omnene obangelwa yi-virus endaweni ephezulu yokuphefumula. Impumulo, umlomo, ne-sinuses ziyavuvuka njengoba umzimba wakho ulwa ne-virus.

Ama-virus angaphezu kuka-200 angabangela i-cold, kodwa ama-rhinoviruses abangela cishe i-30-40% yazo zonke izimo. Lezi zinto ezincane zibambelela ekuqaleni kwempumulo nomlomo, zibangela ukuvikelwa komzimba.

I-cold ithola igama layo ngoba izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi ngesikhathi esibandayo. Kodwa-ke, ukubanda akubangeli lesi sifo. Kunokuba uthole i-cold ekuwahleni nasebusika ngoba abantu bachitha isikhathi esiningi ndawonye ngaphakathi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ama-virus asakazeke.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Common Cold?

Izimpawu ze-cold zivame ukuqala kancane kancane ezinsukwini eziyi-1-3 ngemva kokuba ukhombiswe yi-virus. Ukuzivikela komzimba wakho kulwa nokutheleleka, okwenza uzizwe ungakhululekile.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazibona zihlanganisa:

• Impumulo ephuma amanzi noma evaliwe nge-mucus ecacile, emhlophe, noma ephuzi kancane
• Ukuthanda ukuhlaba, ikakhulukazi ekuseni
• Umlomo obuhlungu noma obuhlungu obukhulu uma uginya
• Ukuhlanza okuncane okungaba sibi ebusuku
• Ukuthoba ubushushu bomzimba (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-101°F) noma ukuzizwa ufudumala kancane
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba nokuqeda amandla
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuncane, ngokuvamile ebunzini nasezitempelini
• Amehlo amanzi angase azizwe ecashile

Izimpawu zakho zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu ezinsukwini eziyi-2-3, bese ziyahamba kancane ngesonto elilandelayo. Ukuhlanza okushiyeleyo kungase kuqhubeke kuze kube amasonto amabili njengoba umlomo wakho uyahlanza ngokuphelele.

Yini ebangela i-Common Cold?

Ama-virus abangela zonke i-common cold. Lezi zinto ezincane zingena emzimbeni wakho ngempumulo, emlonyeni, noma emehlweni, bese zanda endaweni ephezulu yokuphefumula.

Nawa ama-virus amakhulu abangela i-cold:

• Ama-Rhinoviruses (abangela i-30-40% ye-colds) - athanda ukubanda kwempumulo
• Ama-Coronaviruses (i-10-15% ye-colds) - ahlukile kwi-COVID-19, lawa amakhanda amancane
• I-Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) - ivame kakhulu kubantwana kodwa ithonya nabantu abadala
• Ama-Parainfluenza viruses - angabangela izimpawu ezifana ne-cold unyaka wonke
• Ama-Adenoviruses - ngezinye izikhathi abangela izimpawu ze-cold ezide
• I-Human metapneumovirus - ayivamile kodwa ingabangela izimpawu ze-cold

I-virus isakazeka uma amaconsi okuthanda ukuhlanza, ukuhlaba, noma ukukhuluma ewa ezintweni noma efika kumuntu.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela nge-Common Cold?

I-cold eningi iyaphela ngokwayo ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezithile zikukhombisa ukuthi kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kufanele ubone udokotela uma uhlushwa yi:

• Ubushushu bomzimba obuphezulu kuka-101.5°F (38.6°C) obuhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-3
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu noma ubuhlungu be-sinus obuphili ngemithi yokwelapha
• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo nge-mucus ehlanzekile, ephuzi noma eluhlaza okwesikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-10
• Ukuphefumula okunzima noma ukuvuvukala
• Ubuhlungu beindlebe noma ukuphuma kwamanzi endlebeni
• Izimpawu eziya zimbi ngemva kokuba ziye zahle
• Izimpawu ze-cold ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphandle kokuthuthuka

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria noma enye isimo esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angabona ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa ngemithi noma uma umzimba wakho udinga isikhathi esengeziwe.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ye-Common Cold?

Noma ubani angathola i-cold, kodwa izinto ezithile zikwenza ube sengozini yokutheleleka yi-virus. Ukuqonda ingozi yakho kukusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele ngesikhathi se-cold.

Izinto ezivame kakhulu ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala - Abantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-6 bathola i-6-8 colds ngonyaka ngenxa yokuthi amasosha omzimba abo asathuthuka
• I-immune system ebuthakathaka ngenxa yesifo, ukucindezeleka, noma imithi
• Isikhathi sonyaka - Izinyanga zasekuwahleni nasebusika zibona amazinga aphezulu okusabalala
• Izindawo ezinabantu abaningi njengezikole, ama-offices, noma ama-daycare centers
• Ukungahlanzi izandla noma ukuthinta ubuso bakho njalo
• Ukungahlali kahle (ngaphansi kwamahora angu-7 ngobusuku)
• Amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka okuvimba umsebenzi we-immune system
• Ukubhema noma ukukhombiswa ukubhema

Ukuba nalezi zinto azikukhapheli ukuthi uzogula. Kusho nje ukuthi umzimba wakho ungase ube nzima ukulwa nama-virus uma ukhombiswe.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke nge-Common Cold?

Nakuba i-cold eningi iyaphela ngaphandle kwezinkinga, ngezinye izikhathi ukutheleleka kwe-virus kungabangela izinhlanganisela. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ama-bacteria esebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwakho okubuthakathaka.

Izinhlanganisela ezivame kakhulu ongazithola zihlanganisa:

• I-Acute sinusitis - ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria e-sinus cavities okubangela ubuhlungu ebusweni nokuphuma kwe-discharge
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe (otitis media) - kuvame kakhulu kubantwana, kubangela ubuhlungu beindlebe nokushintsha kokuzwa
• I-Bronchitis - ukutheleleka kusakazeka e-bronchial tubes, kubangela ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo nge-mucus
• I-Pneumonia - ayivamile kodwa iwumkhuhlane olukhulu oludinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha
• Ukukhula kwe-Asthma - ama-virus e-cold angabangela ubunzima bokuphumula kubantu abane-asthma

Lezi zinhlanganisela zivame kakhulu uma unezimo zempilo, i-immune system ebuthakathaka, noma uma izimpawu zakho ze-cold zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10. Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemiphumela.

I-Common Cold ingavikeleka kanjani?

Unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola i-cold ngokulandela izindlela ezilula nezisebenza kahle zokuvikela. Lezi zindlela zisebenza ngokulinganisela ukukhombiswa kwakho yi-virus nokuqinisa ukuzivikela komzimba wakho.

Izindlela ezisebenza kakhulu zokuvikela zihlanganisa:

• Geza izandla zakho njalo ngesepha namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engu-20
• Sebenzisa i-hand sanitizer enesikhathi uma isepha alikho
• Gwema ukuthinta amehlo, impumulo, nomlomo ngezandla ezingageziwe
• Gwema abantu abagula uma kungenzeka
• Hlambulula izinto ezithintwa njalo njenge-doorknobs nama-keyboards
• Thola ukulala okwanele (amahora angu-7-9 ngobusuku) ukuze usekele umsebenzi we-immune system
• Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula noma ukuzivocavoca njalo
• Dle ukudla okulinganiselayo okugcwele izithelo nemifino
• Ungabelani izinto zakho siqu njengezikomishi, izitsha, noma ama-towels

Nakuba ungakwazi ukususa ngokuphelele ingozi yakho, lezi zindlela zinciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuthola isifo. Zibalulekile kakhulu ngesikhathi se-cold season kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuMashi.

I-Common Cold ihlonishwa kanjani?

Odokotela ngokuvamile bahlonishwa i-common cold ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokuhlolwa komzimba. Akudingeki ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ngoba izimpawu ze-cold ziyaziwa futhi zihlukile.

Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo cishe uzo:

• Akusize ngezimpawu zakho, lapho zaqala khona, nokuthi zishintshile kanjani
• Hlola umlomo wakho ukuze ubone ukuvuvukala
• Hlola impumulo ne-sinuses ukuze ubone ukuvalela
• Lalela impumulo nenhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope
• Zwa intamo yakho ukuze ubone ama-lymph nodes avuvukile
• Hlola izindlebe zakho ukuze ubone izimpawu zokutheleleka

Izivivinyo zegazi noma ama-throat cultures awadingeki nge-cold elula. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase a-ode izilingo ezengeziwe uma izimpawu zakho zimbi, zihlala isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile, noma uma ecabanga ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria okudingayo ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics.

Ukuphathwa kwe-Common Cold kuyini?

Alukho ukwelashwa kwe-common cold, kodwa kukhona izindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngenkathi amasosha omzimba wakho esebenza. Umgomo ukuphatha izimpawu nokusikisela ukuphulukiswa komzimba wakho.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphumula - Nikeza umzimba wakho amandla okulwa nokutheleleka ngokulala okwengeziwe
• Amanzi - Phuza amanzi, itiye lezimila, noma i-broth efudumele ukuze uhlale unamanzi futhi uthambise i-mucus
• I-Pain relievers - I-Acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen inganciphisa ubuhlungu nobushushu bomzimba
• I-Saline nasal spray - Ikusiza ukuhlanza impumulo evaliwe ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi
• Ama-Throat lozenges - Athambisa umlomo obuhlungu futhi anganciphisa ukuhlanza
• I-Humidifier - Inembela umoya owomile, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula
• Ukuhlanza ngamanzi afudumele ane-salt - Kunciphisa ukuvuvukala komlomo futhi kubulale ama-germs amaningi

Ama-Antibiotics awasebenzi ekuqedeni ama-virus, ngakho awukusizi i-cold yakho. Ama-Decongestants nama-cough medicines angakunika impumuzo yesikhashana, kodwa uwasebenzise kancane futhi ulandele imiyalo ngokucophelela.

Indlela yokwelapha ekhaya ngesikhathi se-Common Cold?

Izindlela zokwelapha ekhaya zingakusiza kakhulu ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-cold yakho futhi zikusize uphulukiswe ngokukhululekile. Lezi zindlela ezimnene zisebenza kanye nokuphulukiswa komzimba wakho ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi.

Nawa ukwelashwa ekhaya okusebenza kakhulu:

• Yenza i-steam tent ngokuphefumula umoya ofudumele, onamanzi esitsheni samanzi ashisayo
• Phuza izinto ezifudumele njengetiye lezimila, isobho, noma amanzi afudumele ane-honey ne-lemon
• Sebenzisa i-cool-mist humidifier ekamelweni lakho ngenkathi ulala
• Faka i-compress efudumele ebunzini nasempumlweni yakho ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka kwe-sinus
• Phakamisa ikhanda lakho ngama-pillows engeziwe ukuze uthuthukise ukuphefumula ebusuku
• Hlambulula ngamanzi afudumele ane-salt (i-1/2 teaspoon salt ema-ounces angu-8 amanzi afudumele)
• Thatha ama-zinc lozenges phakathi namahora angu-24 ukusukela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu (kungase kunciphise isikhathi kancane)

Khumbula ukuphumula kakhulu futhi ulalele umzimba wakho. Ukuphoqelela umzimba wakho kakhulu kungase kuqhubeke isikhathi sokuphulukiswa futhi kwenze izimpawu zibe zimbi.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho nodokotela?

Uma unquma ukubona umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo nge-cold yakho, ukulungiselela kancane kungakusiza uthole okuningi ekuvakasheni kwakho. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi udokotela wakho unemininingwane edingekayo ukukunikeza ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, lungiselela lolu lwazi:

• Bhala phansi lapho izimpawu zakho zaqala khona nokuthi zishintshile kanjani
• Bala yonke imithi kanye ne-supplements oyithathayo
• Qaphela noma yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ekhaya ozivivinye nokuthi zikusizile yini
• Bhala ubushushu bomzimba wakho uma ube nobushushu bomzimba
• Cabanga nganoma yiluphi uhambo lwakamuva noma ukukhombiswa abantu abagula
• Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nokuphathwa kwezimpawu noma ukuthi nini okufanele ukhathazeke
• Letha uhlu lwezinye izimo zakho zempilo noma ukungezwani

Ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho. Udokotela wakho ufuna ukukusiza uqonde isimo sakho futhi uzizwe ukhululekile ngohlelo lwakho lokwelapha.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule nge-Common Cold?

I-common cold iwumkhuhlane ovame kakhulu obangelwa yi-virus oyingozi kodwa ungakhululeki isikhashana. Nakuba kungenakwelashwa, amasosha omzimba wakho asebenza kahle ekulweni nalezi zinto ezincane phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-7-10.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuphumula ngokwanele, ukuhlala unamanzi, nokubekezela ngenkathi umzimba wakho uphulukiswa. Abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinhlanganisela noma imiphumela.

Ukuvikela ngokuhlanza izandla nezindlela zokuphila ezempilo kuhlala kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokuvikela ukubamba i-cold esikhathini esizayo. Uma ugula, gxila ekuphatheni izimpawu futhi wazi ukuthi ukuzizwa kangcono kusondele.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa nge-Common Cold

Ungathola yini i-cold ngokubanda noma ngokunwaba?

Cha, ukubanda noma ukunwaba akubangeli i-cold. Udinga ukukhombiswa yi-virus ukuze ube nesifo. Kodwa-ke, isimo esibandayo singase sikwenze ube sengozini ngoba uchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphakathi nabanye abantu, futhi umoya owomile wasebusika ungase ucasule impumulo yakho.

Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani unamathele i-cold?

Uhlala unamathele kakhulu ezinsukwini eziyi-2-3 zokuqala lapho izimpawu zithuthuka futhi ziba zimbi kakhulu. Ungasakaza i-virus kusukela ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zivele kuze kube izinsuku eziyi-5-7 ngemva kokugula. Uma ungenayo ubushushu bomzimba amahora angu-24, akunakwenzeka ukuthi uthintele abanye.

Kufanele uzivocavoce yini uma une-cold?

Ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba kuvame ukuba kuhle uma izimpawu zakho zingezansi komlomo (impumulo ephuma amanzi, ukuhlaba, umlomo obuhlungu obuncane). Kodwa-ke, gwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima futhi ulahle ukuzivocavoca uma une-fever, ubuhlungu bomzimba, noma uzizwa ungakhululekile. Ukuphumula kusiza amasosha omzimba wakho ukuba asebenze kahle.

Ingabe ama-vitamin C supplements avikelana noma aphatha i-colds?

Ukusebenzisa i-vitamin C njalo kungase kunciphise isikhathi se-cold nobunzima kubantu abathile, kodwa ayivikeli i-cold kubantu abaningi. Ukuthatha i-vitamin C ngemva kokuba izimpawu ziqale akukusisi ngokushesha. Ukudla okulinganiselayo okune-vitamin C-rich foods kuvame ukwanele kubantu abaningi.

Nini lapho i-cold iba yinto embi kakhulu?

Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nobushushu bomzimba obuphezulu kuka-101.5°F, ubuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu, ukuphefumula okunzima, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo nge-mucus ehlanzekile, noma izimpawu eziya zimbi ngemva kokuba ziye zahle. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria noma enye inhlanganisela edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kunokuba kube yi-cold elula.