Iziphephetho ZeNhliziyo Ezingokuzalwa? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa yizinkinga zokwakheka kwenhliziyo ezivelela ngaphambi kokuba ingane izalwe. Lezi zimo zenzeka lapho inhliziyo ingakhi kahle phakathi namasonto ayisishiyagalombili okuqala kokukhulelwa, ithonya indlela igazi eligeleza ngayo ngenhliziyo nakuyo yonke indawo yomzimba.

Uma ungumzali obhekene naleli gciwane, awuwedwa. Cishe ingane eyodwa kuzo zonke ezingama-100 izalwa ine-defect ethile yenhliziyo, okwenza kube yinoma yiziphi izifo eziqhelekile zokuzalwa. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantwana abaningi abanezifo zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa baphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa yizinkinga zokwakheka kwenhliziyo ezikhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Igama elithi "congenital" lisho nje into ozalwa nayo, futhi lezi ziphephetho zenzeka lapho inhliziyo ingathuthuki kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Inhliziyo yengane yakho iqala ukwakheka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, cishe ngesonto lesithathu. Ngalesi sikhathi esibalulekile, inhliziyo ishintsha kusuka epayipini elilula liye e-organ eyingxube-vuthi enamakamelo amane, ama-valve, nezinsimbi ezinkulu zegazi. Ngezinye izikhathi le nqubo ayihambe njengoba kuhlelwe.

Lezi ziphephetho zingaba yizinkinga ezilula ezingase zingalokothi zibangele izimpawu kuya ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Abanye abantwana badinga ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha, kanti abanye bangadingi ukwelashwa kuze kube sekhulile, noma ngezinye izikhathi konke.

Ziyini izinhlobo zeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Iziphephetho zenhliziyo ngokuvamile ziwela ezinhlotsheni ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe endleleni ethonya ngayo ukugcwala kwegazi. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kungakusiza uqonde kangcono isimo esithile sengane yakho.

Ama-hole enhliziyweni yilona hlobo oluqhelekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Atrial septal defect (ASD) - i-hole phakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu enhliziyo
• Ventricular septal defect (VSD) - i-hole phakathi kwamakamelo angaphansi
• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) - lapho i-blood vessel okufanele ivalwe ngemuva kokuzalwa ihlala ivulekile

Ukugcwala kwegazi okuvimbelwe kwenzeka lapho ama-valve enhliziyo, ama-artery, noma ama-vein ecindezelekile kakhulu. Izibonelo ezivamile zifaka phakathi:

• Pulmonary stenosis - ukucindezeleka kwe-valve eholela emaphashini
• Aortic stenosis - ukucindezeleka kwe-valve eholela emzimbeni
• Coarctation of the aorta - ukucindezeleka kwe-artery elikhulu elikhipha igazi emzimbeni

Ukuthuthuka okungalungile kwezinsimbi zegazi kufaka izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho izinsimbi ezinkulu zegazi zingakhi kahle. Lokhu kungafaka izinsimbi ezishintshiwe, eziyilahleka, noma ezihlanganiswe ngokungalungile.

Ezinye iziphephetho ezingavamile kodwa ezibucayi zifaka i-hypoplastic left heart syndrome, lapho uhlangothi lwesobunxele lenhliziyo lungathuthuki kahle, ne-tetralogy of Fallot, ebandakanya izinkinga ezine zenhliziyo ezihlangene ndawonye.

Ziyini izimpawu zeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Izimpawu zingase zihluke kakhulu kuye ngohlobo nobunzima besiphephetho senhliziyo. Abanye abantwana babonisa izimpawu ngemuva nje kokuzalwa, kanti abanye bangase bangabi nazimpawu izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa nasezinganeni, ungase uqaphele lezi zimpawu ezingase zibonise inkinga yenhliziyo:

• Ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma olugreyish, izindebe, noma iminwe (okubizwa ngokuthi i-cyanosis)
• Ukuphuma okusheshayo noma okunzima, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokudla
• Ukudla okubi noma ukuthatha isikhathi eside ukuqeda amabhodlela
• Ukuzuza isisindo okubi naphezu kokudla okwanele
• Ukuqeda amandla kalula ngesikhathi sokudla noma ukudlala
• Ukukhishwa okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokudla

Njengoba abantwana bekhula, izimpawu zingafaka ukuphuma emoyeni ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokudlala, ukuba namandla amancane kunabanye abantwana abasebasenkulwini yabo, noma ukuthuthukisa ukukhula ezinyaweni, ezinyaweni, noma eduze kwamehlo abo.

Abanye abantwana abanezifo ezilula zenhliziyo bangase bangabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Isimo sabo singase sifunyanwe kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile lapho udokotela ezwa umsindo ongaqondakali wenhliziyo obizwa ngokuthi yi-murmur.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimpawu zingaba nezinye izimbangela futhi. Uma uqaphela noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kufanele ukuxoxe naye nodokotela wengane yakho, kodwa zama ukungakhathazeki kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthola ukulinganiswa okufanele.

Ziyini izimbangela zeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Eziningi zeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa zenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, futhi lokhu akuyona iphutha lomuntu. Ukuthuthuka kwenhliziyo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinguquko ezincane kule nqubo ziholela ekuhlukaneni kokwakheka.

Eziningi zezinto zingase zikhulise amathuba esiphephetho senhliziyo, nakuba ukuba nalezi zinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi i-defect izovelela ngokuqinisekile:

• Izinto ezivela ezifweni - ezinye iziphephetho zenhliziyo zigijima emindenini noma zenzeke ngezimo ezivela ezifweni njenge-Down syndrome
• Ukutheleleka kokumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njenge-rubella noma i-flu
• I-diabetes yomzali engalawulwa kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Imithi ethile ethathwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Ubudala bomzali obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-35
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Izinto ezingokwemvelo njengokubekwa ezintweni ezithile noma ukushisa kungase futhi kufake isandla, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Ezinye izifo ezingavamile ezivela ezifweni zihambisana nezinhlobo ezithile zeziphephetho zenhliziyo.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi abazali ababangeli iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa. Ngisho nalapho izinto ezingozi zikhona, izingane eziningi zizalwa zinezinhliziyo eziphilile ngokuphelele. Lezi zimo zithuthuka emasontweni okuqala okukhulelwa, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuba abesifazane abaningi bazi ukuthi bakhulelwe.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela ngeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo. Themba izinzwa zakho njengomzali - uyayazi kangcono ingane yakho.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ingane yakho inezindebe ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ulusu, noma iminwe, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphuma emoyeni, noma ibonakala ibuthakathaka noma ingaphenduli kahle. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuthi inhliziyo yengane yakho ayipompi igazi kahle.

Hlela i-appointment evamile uma uqaphela ukuthi ingane yakho iqeda amandla kalula kunabanye abantwana, inenkinga yokudla, ayizuzisi isisindo kahle, noma ikhipha ukushisa kakhulu ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile. I-pediatrician yakho ingalalela inhliziyo yengane yakho futhi ibone ukuthi kukhona yini okwengeziwe okudingekayo.

Eziningi zeziphephetho zenhliziyo zitholakala okokuqala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile kokukhulelwa noma ukuhlolwa kwengane esanda kuzalwa. Uma udokotela wakho ekhuluma ngokuzwa i-murmur yenhliziyo, lokhu akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi kukhona inkinga ebucayi - eziningi ze-murmur azinawo ubugebengu futhi azibonisi isifo senhliziyo.

Ziyini izinto ezingozi zeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Ukuqonda izinto ezingozi kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezilwemi, kodwa khumbula ukuthi izingane eziningi ezinalezi zinto ezingozi zizalwa zinezinhliziyo ezempilo. Izinto ezingozi zisho nje ukuthi kunethuba elikhulu kancane, hhayi iqiniso.

Umlando womndeni udlala indima kwezinye izimo. Uma wena noma umlingani wakho wazalwa enesiphephetho senhliziyo, ingane yakho inethuba elikhulu kancane. Ngokufanayo, uma usuvele unengane enesiphephetho senhliziyo esingokuzalwa, ukukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuholela enkingeni encane eyongeziwe.

Isimo sempilo somzali esingase sikhulise ingozi sifaka phakathi:

• I-diabetes, ikakhulukazi uma ushukela egazini ungalawulwa kahle
• I-Phenylketonuria (PKU) engalawulwa kahle
• I-Lupus noma ezinye izimo ze-autoimmune
• Ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa njenge-rubella, i-cytomegalovirus, noma i-flu

Izinto zokuphila njengokubhema, ukusebenzisa utshwala, noma ukusebenzisa imithi ethile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungase futhi kukhulise ingozi. Imithi ethile, kufaka phakathi imithi ethile ye-acne ne-seizure, ingase ihambisane neziphephetho zenhliziyo.

Ubudala bomzali obukhulu (ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-35) nezinye izimo ezivela ezifweni njenge-Down syndrome zihambisana nezinga eliphezulu leziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa. Noma kunjalo, izingane zizalwa zinezifo zenhliziyo kubazali bazo zonke izinsuku nezimimo zempilo.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Izinhlanganisela ziyahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo nobunzima besiphephetho senhliziyo. Abantwana abaningi abanezifo ezilula baphila impilo evamile ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinhlanganisela nhlobo.

Iziphephetho ezibucayi kakhulu zingase ziholele ezinhlanganisela ezithuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma zingalashwa:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokwanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzimba
• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula, njengoba umzimba ungase ungatholi igazi elinokwanele lokukhula okuvamile
• Ukubetha kwenhliziyo okungavamile (arrhythmias) okungase kudinge ukulandelelwa noma ukwelashwa
• Ukungena engcupheni enkulu yokutheleleka enhliziyweni (endocarditis)
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emaphashini (pulmonary hypertension)

Ezinye izinhlanganisela ezingavamile zifaka i-stroke, ikakhulukazi kwezinye iziphephetho eziyinkimbinkimbi, nokulibaziseka kokuthuthuka uma ubuchopho bungatholi okwanele komoya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, eziningi zalezi zinhlanganisela zingavikeleka noma ziphathwe ngempumelelo. Ukulandelela njalo nodokotela we-cardiologist wezingane kusiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ekuqaleni lapho zitholakala khona.

Iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa zitholakala kanjani?

Eziningi zeziphephetho zenhliziyo zitholakala ngaphambi kokuzalwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile kokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile phakathi namasonto angu-18 nango-22 kokukhulelwa. Lokhu kutholakala ekuqaleni kunika imindeni isikhathi sokulungiselela futhi odokotela bahlele ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa, udokotela wengane yakho uzolalela inhliziyo nge-stethoscope ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile. Umsindo ongaqondakali wenhliziyo obizwa ngokuthi yi-murmur ungase ube yisibonakaliso sokuqala esihlola ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Uma kukhona i-defect yenhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe:

• Echocardiogram - i-ultrasound yenhliziyo ebonisa ukwakheka kwayo nomsebenzi wayo
• Electrocardiogram (EKG) - linganisa umsebenzi womgogodla wenhliziyo
• I-X-ray yesifuba - ibonisa usayizi nokwakheka kwenhliziyo
• I-Pulse oximetry - linganisa amazinga oksijini egazini

Ukuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kungafaka i-cardiac catheterization, lapho ipayipi elincane lifakwa ezinsimbini zegazi ukuze kutholakale izithombe eziningi zangaphakathi kwenhliziyo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kudingeka kuphela kweziphephetho eziyinkimbinkimbi noma lapho uhlela ukuhlinzwa.

Ingane yakho ingase ibekiwe ku-cardiologist wezingane, udokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ezimweni zenhliziyo zezingane. Lezi zikhulu zineziqu eziphambili ekuthola nasekuphatheni iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa.

Ukuphathwa kweziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kuncike ngokuphelele ohlotsheni nobunzima besiphephetho senhliziyo sengane yakho. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantwana abaningi abadingi ukwelashwa nhlobo ngoba iziphephetho zabo zilula futhi azithinti umsebenzi ovamile wenhliziyo.

Ngeziphephetho ezidinga ukungenelela, izinketho zokwelashwa zifaka phakathi:

Ukulinda ngokuvamile yindlela yokuqala yeziphephetho ezilula. I-cardiologist yengane yakho izolandelela isimo ngokuhlolwa okuvamile ukuze ibone ukuthi i-defect ivaliwe yodwa noma ihlala iqinile.

Imithi ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nasekusekeleni umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Lokhu kungafaka imithi ekusiza inhliziyo ukuba ipompe kahle, ulawule i-rhythm yenhliziyo, noma uvikele ama-blood clots.

Izindlela ze-catheter zinikeza inketho engathinti kakhulu yezinye iziphephetho. Ngalesi sikhathi, odokotela bafaka amapayipi amancane ngezinsimbi zegazi ukuze bahlanze ama-hole noma bavule izindawo ezincindezelekile ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okukhulu.

Ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke kweziphephetho eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yezingane kuye kwathuthuka kakhulu, futhi eziningi zezindlela ezazikade zibonakala zingenakwenzeka manje zivamile. Abanye abantwana badinga ukuhlinzwa okukodwa, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukuhlinzwa okuningi njengoba bekhula.

Iqembu lokwelapha lengane yakho lizohlangana nawe ukuze liqonde indlela engcono kakhulu. Bazobheka i-defect ethile yengane yakho, impilo yonke, ubudala, nekhwalithi yempilo lapho benza izincomo.

Unganakekela kanjani izingane ezinezifo zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa ekhaya?

Ukukhathalela ingane enesiphephetho senhliziyo ekhaya kugxile ekusekeleni impilo yayo yonke nokulandelwa komhlahlandlela weqembu lakho lezokwelapha. Izingane eziningi zingase zihlanganyele emisebenzini evamile yobunye babantwana ngezinguquko ezithile.

Ukudla kudlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yengane yakho. Abanye abantwana abanezifo zenhliziyo badinga ama-calories engeziwe ukuze basekele ukukhula, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukulinganisela ukudla usawoti. Udokotela wakho noma umhlazi wokudla anganika isiqondiso esithile ngezidingo zengane yakho.

Amazinga wemisebenzi kufanele axoxwe nodokotela wakho we-cardiologist. Izingane eziningi zingase zihlanganyele emisebenzini evamile yokudlala nezemidlalo, nakuba ezinye zingase zidinga ukugwema imisebenzi enzima kakhulu. Ingane yakho ngokuvamile izokulinganisela ngokwayo kulokho okuzizwa kulula.

Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ezinye iziphephetho zenhliziyo zikhulise ingozi yokutheleleka okuyingozi. Lokhu kusho ukuhlala ugcwele izigqoko, ukwenza ukuhlanzeka okuhle kwezandla, nokugwema ukusondelana nabantu abagulayo uma kungenzeka.

Qaphela izinguquko esimweni sengane yakho futhi ugcine uhlu lwezimpawu zokuxoxa nodokotela wakho. Lokhu kungafaka izinguquko emazingeni amandla, ukudla, izindlela zokuphefumula, noma umbala wolusu.

Ungakhohlwa ukunakekela wena futhi. Ukuba nengane enesimo sempilo kungase kube nzima, futhi kubalulekile ukufuna ukwesekwa uma ukudinga.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ama-appointment nodokotela we-cardiologist wengane yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeleni kwakho. Bhala phansi imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ungakhohlwa ukubuza noma yini ekukhathazayo.

Gcina irekhodi lezimpawu zengane yakho, kufaka phakathi lapho zenzeka khona, isikhathi eside esigcina, nokuthi yini ebonakala iyabangela. Qaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko ekudleni, ukulala, amazinga wemisebenzi, noma isimo sengqondo esingase sihambisane nesimo senhliziyo yabo.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke engane yakho eyiphuzayo, kufaka phakathi imithamo nokuthi iyinikezelwa kaningi kangakanani. Letha futhi noma yiziphi izinhlanganisela zokuhlolwa kwangaphambili noma imibiko evela kwabanye odokotela uma lokhu kuyi-visit yakho yokuqala nodokotela omusha.

Cabanga ukuletha omunye umuntu omdala nawe kuma-appointment, ikakhulukazi lapho uxoxa ngezinketho zokwelapha noma izindlela zokuhlinzwa. Ukuba nabantu ababili abalalela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhumbula lonke ulwazi olubalulekile.

Lungiselela izincazelo ezifanele iminyaka yengane yakho ngokuhambela. Abantwana abadala bangase bafune ukubuza imibuzo yabo, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi bazizwe behlanganyele ekunakekelweni kwabo.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu ngeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa zizimo ezilawuleka kakhulu, futhi izingane eziningi ezinalezi ziphephetho zikhula zibe impilo egcwele, esebenzayo. Ukuthuthuka kwezokwelapha kuguqule ukubuka kwabantwana abanezimo ezinjalo.

Isimo sangane ngayinye sihlukile, futhi izinhlelo zokwelapha zenzelwe ngokukhethekile izidingo zabo. Abanye abantwana badinga ukungenelela okuncane, kanti abanye badinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu, kodwa umgomo uhlala ukusiza ingane yakho ukuba iphile impilo yayo engcono kakhulu.

Ukukhahlela ubudlelwano obuqinile neqembu lezokwelapha lengane yakho kubalulekile. Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo, ubonise ukukhathazeka, noma ucele incazelo nganoma yini ongayiqondi. Ungumuntu obalulekile eqenjini lokukhathalela ingane yakho.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nengane enesiphephetho senhliziyo esingokuzalwa akusho ukuthi ikusasa lomndeni wakho limi kanjani. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha nokwesekwa, ingane yakho ingase ihlanganyele esikoleni, ezemidlalo, ubungani, nayo yonke injabulo yobunye babantwana.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa

Ingane yami izokwazi ukudlala imidlalo ngesiphephetho senhliziyo esingokuzalwa?

Izingane eziningi ezinalezi ziphephetho zingase zihlanganyele ezemidlalo nasemisebenzini yomzimba. I-cardiologist yengane yakho izohlola isimo sayo esithile futhi inikeze isiqondiso ngemazinga emisebenzi ephephile. Abanye abantwana abanawo umkhawulo nhlobo, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukugwema imidlalo enzima kakhulu yokuncintisana. Ukuthola isibonelo esifanele esigcina ingane yakho isebenza futhi iphilile ngesikhathi sokuvikela inhliziyo yayo.

Iziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa zingavikeleka?

Eziningi zeziphephetho zenhliziyo ezingokuzalwa azikwazi ukuvinjelwa ngoba zenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuba abesifazane bazi ukuthi bakhulelwe. Noma kunjalo, unganciphisa ezinye izinto ezingozi ngokuthatha i-folic acid ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ulawule i-diabetes kahle, ugweme utshwala nokubhema, futhi uhlale ugcwele izigqoko. Ukunakekelwa okuhle kokukhulelwa kubalulekile njalo ngokukhulelwa okunempilo.

Ingane yami izodinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo?

Akuzona zonke izingane ezinalezi ziphephetho ezidinga ukuhlinzwa. Eziningi zeziphephetho ezilula zidinga ukulandelelwa kuphela, futhi ezinye zivaliwe zodwa njengoba abantwana bekhula. Ngeziphephetho ezidinga ukungenelela, odokotela manje banenketho eminingi kufaka phakathi izindlela ze-catheter ezingathinti kakhulu. Uma ukuhlinzwa kunconywe, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yezingane kunamazinga aphezulu okuphumelela futhi kuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa imiphumela.

Lokhu kuyothinta kanjani ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwengane yami?

Izingane eziningi ezinalezi ziphephetho zithuthuka ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa okufanele. Abanye abantwana bangase bakhule kancane ekuqaleni, kodwa ngokuvamile bayabamba uma i-defect yabo yenhliziyo ilukulungisiwe noma ilawulwa kahle. Iqembu lokukhathalela lengane yakho lizolandelela ukukhula ngokucophelela futhi linike ukwesekwa uma kudingeka. Abantu abadala abaningi abazalwa benalezi ziphephetho baphila impilo evamile ngokuphelele.

Ndingakutshela yini ikolishi lengane yami ngesimo senhliziyo yabo?

Yebo, ngokuvamile kuyinto enhle ukutshela ikolishi lengane yakho ngesimo senhliziyo yabo. Lokhu kusiza othisha nabasizi besikole ukuqonda izidingo ezikhethekile engane yakho engase izidle futhi bazi ukuthi yini okumele bayiqaphele. Sebenzani nodokotela wengane yakho ukunikeza ikolishi ulwazi olucacile ngokulinganiselwa kwemisebenzi, imithi, nezindlela zokusiza uma kudingeka.