Ukuqina Kwe-Cardiomyopathy Ebanziweyo? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo yisimo senhliziyo lapho isikhumba senhliziyo yakho sikhula futhi sibuthakathaka, okwenza kube nzima ukupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo kulo lonke umzimba wakho. Cabanga ngalo njengobhaluni oluye lwolukwe kakhulu - izindonga ziyaqina futhi azikwazi ukucindezela kahle.

Lesi simo sithinta igumbi elikhulu lokupompa lenhliziyo yakho, elibizwa ngokuthi yi-left ventricle. Uma leli gumbi likhula futhi libuthakathaka, inhliziyo yakho iyalwela ukuletha igazi eliphezulu lokuxhaphaza umzimba wakho olufuna ukusebenza kahle.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela kancane kancane njengoba inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanzima ukuze ihlanganise isimo sayo esibuthakathaka. Abantu abaningi abaziboni izimpawu zokuqala ngoba inhliziyo ilungile kakhulu ekulungiseni izinguquko.

Nawa zimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukuqina kokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba noma ulele phansi
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo nobuthakathaka obungaphuli ngokuphumula
• Ukuvuvukala ezinyaweni, ezinzwini, ezinyaweni, noma esiswini
• Ukubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile okubukeka sengathi kuyaphephela
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki esifubeni
• Ukudideka noma ukukhanya ekhanda
• Ubunzima bokuphumula ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphefumula

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile njengokukhokha okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi uma ulele, noma ukwanda kokuzuma ngokungazelelekile ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi. Lezi zimpawu zingase zihluke kumuntu nomuntu, futhi abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezilula kakhulu ekuqaleni.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izimpawu zingaba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma isimo singalawulwa kahle. Noma kunjalo, ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo enkulu futhi bangagcina ikhwalithi yempilo enhle.

Yini ebangela i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Imbangela eqondile ayicaci ngaso sonke isikhathi, okungase kube nzima uma ufuna izimpendulo. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi “idiopathic,” okusho ukuthi imbangela ethile ayaziwa naphezu kokuhlolwa okuhle.

Kodwa-ke, izinto eziningi zingase zifake isandla kulesi simo:

• Izinto eziwumfuziselo - ezithathwe ezihlokweni zomndeni ezinezimo zenhliziyo
• Ukutheleleka yi-viral okuthinta isikhumba senhliziyo, njengezifo ezithile ze-flu
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala isikhathi eside okonakalisa isikhumba senhliziyo
• Imithi ethile, kufaka phakathi imithi ethile ye-chemotherapy
• Izifo ze-autoimmune lapho isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba sihlasela isikhumba senhliziyo esinempilo
• Ukwehluleka kokudla, ikakhulukazi i-thiamine (i-vitamin B1)
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nokukhulelwa, ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-peripartum cardiomyopathy

Izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukubhekana nezinto ezinobuthi, izifo zokuguqulwa komzimba njengesi-diabetes, nezimo eziwumfuziselo ezingavamile. Ngezinye izikhathi, ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo njenge-coronary artery disease zingase zibangele i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo uma zingaphathwa.

Ukuqonda imbangela, uma kungenzeka, kusiza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukwakha uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo sesimo sakho esithile.

Kufanele ubona nini udokotela nge-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo eziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ungalindi kuze kube izimpawu zibe zimbi ngaphambi kokufuna usizo.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela ukuqina kokuphefumula okuqhubekayo, ukukhathala okungachazeki, noma ukuvuvukala ezinyaweni okungaphuli ngokuphumula nokuphakamisa. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibukeke zincane ekuqaleni, kodwa ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yakho yesikhathi eside.

Funani ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphumula, ukuhlanza, noma izimpawu eziyanda ngokuzuma. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ilukama kakhulu kunokujwayelekile futhi idinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Uma unomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma i-cardiomyopathy, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngisho noma ungenawo izimpawu. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kungasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kwesikhathi lapho zitholakala kalula.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikhulise amathuba okuthola i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Izinto eziningi zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okuthola lesi simo, nakuba ukuba nezinto ezingase zikhulise amathuba akho akusho ukuthi uzokuthola i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kungakusiza wena neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuba niphapheme.

Izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zikhulise amathuba zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni we-cardiomyopathy noma ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzuma
• Ubudala - kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala abaphakathi, nakuba kungenzeka kunoma yiliphi iminyaka
• Ubulili besilisa - amadoda athinteka kakhulu kunabesifazane
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala okukhulu isikhathi eside
• Umlando wezifo zenhliziyo noma i-coronary artery disease
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulwa kahle
• Ukutheleleka okuthile yi-viral
• Izimo ze-autoimmune

Abanye abantu bangase babe nezinto eziningi ezingase zikhulise amathuba, kanti abanye bathola lesi simo ngaphandle kwezinto ezingase zikhulise amathuba. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuyiqiniso eliyisisekelo lesifo senhliziyo, kodwa futhi kusho ukuthi ukuba nezinto ezingase zikhulise amathuba akusho ukuthi ukuphila kwakho kuzoqediwa.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinto eziningi ezingase zikhulise amathuba, njengokusebenzisa utshwala nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, zingalawulwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Nakuba izinkinga zingase zibe nzima, ukuziqonda kusiza ekuqondeni izimpawu zokuqapha nokusebenza neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu. Izinkinga eziningi zingalawulwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele nokubhekwa.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo - lapho inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzimba wakho
• Ukubetha kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (arrhythmias) okungase kuzwakale njengokuphulukana noma ukugijima
• I-blood clots ezingase zenzeke emagumbini enhliziyo amakhulu
• Izinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ne-mitral valve
• I-stroke - uma i-blood clots ihamba ebuchosheni
• Ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzuma ezimweni ezinkulu

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zihlanganisa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu okudinga ukwelashwa okuthuthukile njengokutshalwa kwenhliziyo. Abanye abantu bangase futhi bathole izinkinga zezinso uma inhliziyo yabo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi kahle ezinso.

Kodwa-ke, ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokuphathwa kwendlela yokuphila, abantu abaningi abane-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo baphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ukubhekwa okuvamile nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha kunciphisa kakhulu lezi zingozi.

I-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo ibonakala kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukuqala ngodokotela wakho olalele inhliziyo yakho nemiphunga yakho, bese ebuza imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezimpawu zakho nomlando womndeni. Lokhu kuhlonzwa kokuqala kusiza ukuqondisa ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezingase zibe usizo kakhulu.

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuncoma izivivinyo eziningi ukuze lithole umbono ophelele wesimo senhliziyo yakho. I-echocardiogram ivame ukuba yivivinyo elikhulu - isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukwenza izithombe ezihambayo zenhliziyo yakho, ebonisa ukuthi ipompa kangcono kangakanani nokuthi ikhulu kangakanani.

Izivivinyo ezengeziwe zingase zihlanganise i-electrocardiogram (EKG) ukuhlola umsebenzi womgogodla wenhliziyo yakho, i-X-rays yesifuba ukubona usayizi wenhliziyo yakho nokuhlola amanzi emiphungeni yakho, nezivivinyo zegazi ukubheka izimpawu zokonakala kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izimo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kudingeka izivivinyo ezikhethekile, njenge-cardiac MRI yezithombe ezengeziwe zenhliziyo, izivivinyo zoxinzelelo ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphendula kanjani emsebenzini, noma ngisho ne-heart catheterization ukuhlola i-coronary arteries yakho. Udokotela wakho uzokucacisela ukuthi kungani izivivinyo ngasinye kunconywe sesimo sakho esithile.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Ukwelashwa kugxila ekusizeni inhliziyo yakho ukuba isebenze kahle, ukulawula izimpawu, nokuvimbela izinkinga. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okuningi kukhona, futhi abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Imithi iyisisekelo sokwelashwa futhi ivame ukubandakanya:

• I-ACE inhibitors noma i-ARBs ukunciphisa uxinzelelo enhliziyweni yakho
• I-Beta-blockers ukunciphisa isivinini senhliziyo yakho nokuncipha kokucindezela kwegazi
• I-Diuretics ukusiza ekususeni amanzi engeziwe nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• I-Blood thinners uma usengozini ye-blood clots

Kwabanye abantu, amadivayisi afana ne-pacemakers noma i-implantable defibrillators angase anconywe ukusiza ukulawula ukubetha kwenhliziyo noma ukuvikela e-arrhythmias eyingozi. La madivayisi mancane kunalokho ongaqonda futhi angathuthukisa kakhulu kokubili ukuphepha nekhwalithi yempilo.

Ezimweni ezinkulu, ukwelashwa okuthuthukile njenge-ventricular assist devices noma ukutshalwa kwenhliziyo kungase kubhekwe. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bayaphendula kahle emithini nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, abadingi ukungenelela okukhulu.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luzokwenziwa ngokwezidingo zakho, izimpawu, nokuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani. I-aphoyintimenti yokulandelela okuvamile ivumela iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukulungisa ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo ekhaya?

Ukuphathwa ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuzizweni kangcono nokuvimbela isimo sakho ukuba sibe sibi. Izinguquko ezincane, eziqhubekayo endleleni yakho yansuku zonke zingenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ozizwa ngayo.

Gxilisa ekuthuthukiseni impilo yenhliziyo njengokudla ukudla okune-sodium encane ukuvimbela ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Hlose ngaphansi kwama-2,000 mg we-sodium nsuku zonke, okusho ukufunda imibhalo yokudla nokukhetha ukudla okusha kunokudla okuqediwe uma kungenzeka.

Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile, okulula njengoba kuvunyelwe yiqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo kungasiza ekuqiniseni inhliziyo yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhamba, ukuqubha, noma ezinye imisebenzi ephansi yomthelela engakushiyi uphefumula noma ukhathele.

Hlola isisindo sakho nsuku zonke ubike ukwanda ngokuzuma eceleni kweqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, njengoba lokhu kungase kubonise ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Gcina irekhodi elula lesisindo sakho sansuku zonke, izimpawu, nendlela ozizwa ngayo.

Ncipha ukusebenzisa utshwala noma ukusiyeke ngokuphelele, njengoba utshwala lungase buqine isikhumba senhliziyo. Futhi, hlala unolwazi mayelana nezivivinyo, ikakhulukazi izivivinyo ze-flu ne-pneumonia, njengoba ukutheleleka kungase kubeke uxinzelelo olwengeziwe enhliziyweni yakho.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela kusiza ukwenza kakhulu isikhathi sakho neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi olubalulekile alukhohlwe. Ukulungiselela kancane ngaphambi kokuya kwakho kungase kubekele ukunakekelwa okungcono nokuthembela okukhulu ehlelweni lakho lokwelapha.

Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini, yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi, nokuthi zikuthinta kanjani emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke. Faka imininingwane mayelana namazinga akho kwamandla, izindlela zokulala, nanoma yikuphi ukuvuvukala okuye kwabonakala.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke imithi, izithasiselo, nama-vitamin owathatha, kufaka phakathi imithamo nokuthi ubathatha kangaki. Uma kungenzeka, letha amabhodlela ngokwabo noma isithombe semibhalo.

Lungisa imibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho, izinketho zokwelapha, nokuthi yini okulindelekile kuqhubeke. Ungakhathazeki ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu - iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lifuna ukuthi uqonde isimo sakho futhi uzizwe ukhululekile ngehlelo lakho lokunakekelwa.

Cabanga ngokuletha ilungu lomndeni omethembayo noma umngani ongakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti futhi anikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo.

Yini eyinhloko mayelana ne-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

I-Cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo yisimo esinzima, kodwa futhi ilawuleka ngokufanele ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Abantu abaningi abalesi simo baqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo uma basebenzisana eduze neqembu labo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kwenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni, ngakho ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu. Ukwelashwa kwenhliziyo okukhona namuhla kuphezu kokuthuthuka kunangaphambili.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphatha lesi simo kuyisivumelwano phakathi kwakho neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukuhlanganyela kwakho okusebenzayo ekwelapheni, kusukela ekuthatheni imithi njengoba kunqunyiwe kuya ekuthatheni izinqumo zokuphila ezisebenzayo enhliziyweni, kudlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yakho yesikhathi eside nokuphuza kwakho.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo

Ingaphiliswa yini i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Nakuba akukho ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo okukhona njengamanje, lesi simo singalawulwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele. Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawu zabo nekhwalithi yempilo ngemithi, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, nokukhathalelwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha. Ezimweni ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa izimo eziphatheka kalula njengokusebenzisa utshwala noma ukutheleleka okuthile, umsebenzi wenhliziyo ungathuthuka kakhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Ingumfuziselo yini i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Yebo, i-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo ingase ibe yimfuziselo. Cishe ama-20-35% ezimo anezingxenye eziwumfuziselo, okusho ukuthi ingadluliselwa kubazali kubantwana. Uma unomlando womndeni we-cardiomyopathy noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungachazeki, ukwelulekwa kwe-genetic nokulingwa kungase kunconywe. Amalungu omndeni angase futhi azuze ekuhlolweni kwenhliziyo ngisho noma engenazo izimpawu.

Ubude kangakanani ongabuphila nge-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Isikhathi sokuphila sihluka kakhulu kuye ngezinto eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukuthi lesi simo sitholakala nini ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuthi siphendula kanjani ekwelapheni, nempilo yakho yonke. Abantu abaningi abane-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo baphila amashumi eminyaka ngokuphathwa okufanele kwezokwelapha. Okubalulekile ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha, nokugcina ukunakekelwa okuvamile kokulandelela ukuze uqaphe umsebenzi wenhliziyo yakho.

Ungazivocavoca yini nge-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abane-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo bangazivocavoca futhi kufanele bazivocavoce, kodwa kubalulekile ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukwakha uhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluphephile. Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile, okulinganiselwe kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi wenhliziyo nokuphila kahle konke. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma ukuqala kancane ngemisebenzi efana nokuhamba noma ukuqubha, bese ukhulisa kancane amandla njengoba ubekezelela. Gwema imidlalo yokuncintisana noma imisebenzi enkulu yomthelela ngaphandle kokuba uqiniswe ngokuqondile yikardiologist yakho.

Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme nge-cardiomyopathy ebanziweyo?

Gxilisa ekuthini ukunciphisa ukudla okune-sodium ukuvimbela ukugcinwa kwamanzi nokunciphisa uxinzelelo enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kusho ukugwema ukudla okuqediwe, usobho olupakishwe, inyama yase-deli, nokudla kwendawo yokudlela okuvame ukuba ne-sodium eningi. Futhi ncipha noma ugweme utshwala ngokuphelele, njengoba lungase buqine isikhumba senhliziyo. Esikhundleni salokho, khetha izithelo nemifino entsha, amaprotheni aphansi, ama-grain aphelele, nokudla okulungiswe nge-salt encane. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingase futhi likuncome ukunciphisa ukudla kwamanzi uma unezimpawu ezinkulu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.