Ukuqina Kweliso: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Ukuqina kweliso kwenzeka lapho ilid lokhohlo oluphansi luphenduka ngaphandle, luqeda ukubamba iso lakho. Lokhu kudala isikhala lapho ingaphakathi lelid lakho libonakala futhi livezwe emoyeni.

Cabanga ngakho njengesihenqo esidonswe kude kakhulu efasiteleni. Ilid lakho lihlala lihlanganiswe kahle neso lakho ukuze livikele, kodwa ngokuqina kweliso, leyo mpilo yokuvimba iphukile. Leli simo sivame ukubathinta abantu abadala, nakuba lingase libe khona kunoma iyiphi iminyaka.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqina kweliso?

Uphawu olucacile kakhulu ukubona ukugqama okubomvu noma obomvu kweliso lakho oluphansi uma ubheka esibukweni. Iso lakho lingase lizwakale lihlale licasukile noma liqine, njengokungathi kukhona isihlabathi kukho.

Nazi izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo, uqale ngezivamile kakhulu:

• Ukuqina okubomvu noma obomvu kweliso lakho oluphansi
• Amehlo amanzi asele kakhulu
• Ukuzwa okomile, okuqine emehlweni
• Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni nasemoyeni
• Ukuphuma komfutho ovela emehlweni
• Ukuqina eduze kwama-eyelashes, ikakhulukazi ekuseni
• Ukuvutha noma ukuzwakala okuvuthayo

Kwezinye izikhathi, ungase ube nezimpawu ezingathi sína njengokubona okungacaci noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besiso. Lezi zimpawu zenzeka ngoba iso lakho alitholi isivikelo nemfucumfucu elidingekayo elibekwe kahle.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuqina kweliso?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuqina kweliso, ngayinye inezimbangela ezahlukene. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona kusiza udokotela wakho ukukhetha indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu.

Ukuqina kweliso okuvamile yilohlobo oluvamile kakhulu, lubangelwa ukuguga kwemisipha nezinsimbi ezizungezile iso lakho. Njengoba ugoduka, ama-tendons nemisipha egcina ilid lakho endaweni ihlala iyancipha.

Ukuqina kweliso okuvela eziponeni kwenzeka lapho isipono sikhuthaza ilid lakho kude neso lakho. Lokhu kungenzeka ngemva kokulimaza, ukushisa, ukususwa komdlavuza wesikhumba, noma ukuhlinzwa kweliso kwangaphambili.

Ukuqina kweliso okuvela ekungasebenzi kahle komthambo kwenzeka lapho umthambo wobuso olawula imisipha yeliso lakho ulimazeke. Izimo ezinjengokuqina komthambo noma isifo sohlangothi zingabangela lolo hlobo lokulimala komthambo.

Ukuqina kweliso okwenzeka ngokwemishini kwenzeka lapho ukukhula, iziphumu, noma ukuvuvukala okukhulu kudonsa ilid lakho phansi. Lolo hlobo aluvamile kodwa ludinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo ukuze kulungiswe imbangela.

Ukuqina kweliso okufana nokuzalwa kukhona kusukela ekuzalweni ngenxa yezinto ezahlukene zokwakheka kweliso. Leli fomu eliqhelile livame ukubathinta womabili amehlo futhi lingase lihlotshaniswe nezinye izimo.

Yini ebangela ukuqina kweliso?

Ukuqina kweliso kubangelwa ikakhulu ukuguga, okuthinta imisipha nezinsimbi ezigcina ilid lakho endaweni efanele. Njengoba ugoduka, ama-tendons agcina ilid lakho eliphansi ayandisa futhi abuthakathaka, kufana nendlela ibhendi lerabha elahlekelwa yi-elasticity yayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinto eziningana zingase zifake noma zikhuthaze le nqubo:

• Ukuqina kwemisipha yeliso ngokwemvelo
• Ukuhlinzwa kweliso kwangaphambili noma izinqubo zokuhlobisa
• Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesikhumba eduze kwendaweni yeso
• Ukushisa noma ezinye izikhathi zokulimala ebusweni
• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okungapheli noma ukuvuvukala
• Ukuqina komthambo wobuso oluvela ekuqineni komthambo noma isifo sohlangothi
• Izimo ezithile zezofu ezithinta izicubu ezihlanganisa

Ngokungavamile, izimo ezinjengokuvuvukala okukhulu okungapheli, izifo zokuziphatha, noma izimo zesikhumba ezingapheli zingadala ukuvuvukala okwanele ukuze kuthinte isikhundla seliso. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlanza iso noma ukudonsa njalo kungase futhi kuhlanganyele kule nkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nini okumele ubheke udokotela ngokuqina kweliso?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela wamehlo uma uqaphela ilid lakho eliphansi liqeda ukubamba iso lakho noma uma uhlangabezana nokucaphuka kwamehlo okungapheli. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kuthuthukise induduzo yakho kakhulu.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu:

• Ukuthambisa okungapheli noma amehlo amanzi
• Ukuqina kwamehlo okungapheli noma ukucaphuka
• Ukuphuma komfutho ongathuthuki ngokuhlanza
• Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni okuhlanganisa nemisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukuzwa sengathi kukhona okuhlala kukuso emehlweni

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola ukuguquka kokubona okungazelelwe, ubuhlungu besiso obukhulu, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka njengobushushu noma ukuphuma okukhulu, okunebala. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ezingathi sína ezidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Ungalindi uma uqaphela isimo siyasiba sibi noma uma sithinta womabili amehlo. Udokotela wakho wamehlo angahlola ubukhulu futhi ancome ukwelashwa okufanele ngaphambi kokuthi inkinga ithuthuke.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikubeke engozini yokuqina kweliso?

Ukuqina kweliso kubangelwa ikakhulu ukuguga, ngezimo eziningi zenzeka kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60. Kodwa-ke, izinto eziningana zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okukhula kuleli simo.

Izinto ezilandelayo zingase zikubeke engozini enkulu:

• Ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60
• Ukuba nokuhlinzwa kweliso kwangaphambili noma izinqubo zobuso
• Umlando wokwelashwa komdlavuza wesikhumba eduze kwamehlo
• Ukulimala kobuso noma ukushisa
• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okungapheli noma ukuvuvukala
• Izimo ezithinta ama-facial nerves njengokuqina komthambo
• Izifo ezithile zokuziphatha noma izicubu ezihlanganisa
• Ukuhlanza iso noma ukudonsa njalo

Ezinye izimo zezofu ezingavamile zingase futhi zikhulise ingozi yakho, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta amandla ezicubu ezihlanganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaye baba nokuhlinzwa kwamehlo okuningi noma ukonakala okukhulu kwelanga ebusweni babo bangase babe sengozini enkulu.

Nakuba ungakwazi ukushintsha izinto ezinjengokuqina kweliso noma i-genetics, ukuvikela amehlo akho ekulimala nokuphatha ukutheleleka ngokushesha kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokukhula ngokuqina kweliso.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngokuqina kweliso?

Uma kushiywa ungaphathwa, ukuqina kweliso kungase kube nezinkinga eziningana ezithinta impilo yamehlo akho nokubona. Izinkinga ezivamile kakhulu zithuthukiswa ngoba iso lakho lilahlekelwa isivikelo nemfucumfucu yaso yemvelo.

Nazi izinkinga ezingase zithuthuke, kusukela ezivamile kuya kwezingathi sína:

• I-dry eye syndrome engapheli
• Ukucaphuka kweliso nokukroba
• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okuvamile
• I-ulcers noma i-abrasions yeliso
• Izinkinga zokubona ezingapheli
• Isipono seliso
• Ukulahlekelwa kokubona ngokuphelele ezimweni ezingathi sína

I-cornea eveziwe iba sengozini yokulimala evela othulini, emoyeni, nakwezinye izinto ezizungezile. Ngemuva kwesikhathi, le nkinga yokucasuka njalo ingabangela isipono esithinta ukubona kwakho ngokuphelele.

Kwezinye izikhathi, ukuqina kweliso okungaphathwa okukhulu kungabangela ukuqhekeka kwe-cornea, lapho ubuso obucacile besiso lakho buthuthukisa umgodi. Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo esidinga ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa okusheshayo ukuze kuvinjwe ukulahlekelwa kokubona okuphelele.

Ukuqina kweliso kunqunywa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho wamehlo ngokuvamile angakwazi ukunquma ukuqina kweliso ngokubheka nje iso lakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile. Ilid eliphendukayo ngaphandle ngokuvamile libonakala ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okukhethekile.

Ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti yakho, udokotela wakho uzohlala ehlola isikhundla sama-eyelids akho futhi ahlole ukuthi avala kangcono kangakanani. Bazohlola futhi ukukhiqizwa kwama-tear akho futhi babuke izimpawu zokulimala noma ukutheleleka kwesikhumba seso.

Udokotela wakho angase enze ukuhlolwa okulula ukuze aqonde ubukhulu nokuqala kokuthuthukiswa kweliso. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukulinganisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-tear akho, ukuhlola amandla emisipha yeliso lakho, nokubuka i-cornea yakho nganoma yiluphi ubuhlungu.

Uma udokotela wakho engabaza isimo esingaphansi njengokungasebenzi kahle komthambo wobuso noma umdlavuza wesikhumba, bangase banqume ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izifundo zokufana noma ukudluliselwa kwabanye ochwepheshe ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Ukwelashwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso yikuphi?

Ukwelashwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso kuncike ebukhulu besimo sakho nesimbangela yaso. Izimo ezilula zingaphathwa ngama-eye drops nezinyathelo zokuvikela, kanti izimo ezingathi sína ngokuvamile zidinga ukulungiswa okuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa okungelona okuhlinzwa kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvikela iso lakho:

• Ama-artificial tears noma ama-eye drops okuhlanza
• I-eyewear yokuvikela ukuvikela emoyeni nasezintweni
• Ama-ointments e-antibiotic ngokutheleleka
• Ukubopha ilid endaweni efanele okwesikhashana
• Ama-contact lenses akhethekile ukuvikela i-cornea

Ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyisixazululo esisebenzayo kakhulu sokuqina kweliso. Inqubo ethile incike kulokho okubangela isimo sakho nokuthi sibunzima kangakanani.

Izindlela zokwelapha okuhlinzwa okuvamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqinisa imisipha yeliso nama-tendons
• Ukususa isikhumba esiningi esidonsa ilid phansi
• Ukusebenzisa ama-skin grafts ukushintsha izicubu ezilimale
• Ukubekwa kabusha kwelid endaweni yaso efanele

Iningi lokuhlinzwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso kuyizinqubo zabantu abangaphandle ezenziwa ngaphansi kokwelashwa kwendawo. Ukuphulukisa ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ambalwa, lapho uzodinga ukugcina indawo ihlanzekile futhi ulandele imiyalo ethile yokunakekelwa.

Ungayiphatha kanjani isimo sokuqina kweliso ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa ekhaya kungakwazi ukwelapha ukuqina kweliso, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze uvikele iso lakho futhi ulawule izimpawu kuze kube yilapho uthola ukwelashwa kochwepheshe. Lezi zinyathelo zigxile ekuqinisiseni iso lakho nokuvikelwa ezintweni ezicasulayo.

Nazi izindlela zokunakekelwa ekhaya ongazisebenzisa:

• Sebenzisa ama-artificial tears angenayo i-preservative njalo emahoreni ambalwa
• Faka ubukhulu obuthambile be-ointment yokuhlambulula ngaphambi kokulala
• Gqoka izibuko ze-wraparound uma ungaphandle
• Sebenzisa i-humidifier ekamelweni lakho lokuphumula
• Hlambulula ngobumnene ama-eyelids akho ngamanzi afudumele nsuku zonke
• Gwema ukuhlanza noma ukudonsa ama-eyelids akho
• Lala ngekhanda lakho eliphakeme kancane

Gcina izandla zakho zihlanzekile uma ufaka ama-eye drops noma ama-ointments ukuze uvikele ukufaka ama-bacteria. Uma uqopha ama-contact lenses, ungase kudingeke ukuyeka ukuwashayela okwesikhashana kuze kube yilapho isimo sakho siphulukile.

Khumbula ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zokunakekelwa ekhaya ziyizixazululo zesikhashana ezikusiza uzizwe ukhululekile. Azikulungi inkinga yangempela, ngakho kubalulekile ukulandela udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuqinile.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuvakashela udokotela wakho wamehlo kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nesiqondiso sokwelapha esifanele. Letha uhlu lwezimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini, kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyithatha njengamanje.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buza le mininingwane ebalulekile:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yamanje kanye nezinsimbi
• Imininingwane mayelana nokuthi izimpawu zakho zaqala nini
• Noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa kweliso kwangaphambili noma izinqubo zobuso
• Umlando wokulimala kwamehlo noma ukutheleleka
• Umlando womndeni wezinkinga zamehlo
• Ulwazi loku-inshurensi kanye nokuhlonza

Bhala imibuzo ethile ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho mayelana nesimo sakho, izinketho zokwelapha, nokuthi yini okulindelekile. Unganqikazi ukubuza mayelana nesikhathi sokuphulukisa, izinkinga ezingase zenzeke, nokubuka kwesikhathi eside.

Uma kungenzeka, letha umngani othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukuze likusize ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Bangase futhi banikeze ukwesekwa uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngokuxilongwa noma izinketho zokwelapha.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nokuqina kweliso?

Ukuqina kweliso kuyisimo esingaphathwa lapho ilid lakho eliphansi liphenduka ngaphandle, kubangela ukucaphuka kwamehlo nezinkinga ezingase zenzeke uma kushiywa ungaphathwa. Nakuba kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala ngenxa yokuguga kwemvelo, kungase kubathinte noma ubani futhi kunemibangela eminingi ehlukene.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kokubili ukwelashwa okungelona okuhlinzwa nokwenziwa okuhlinzwa kuphumelela kakhulu ekulawuleni izimpawu nokulungisa inkinga. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína njengokonakala kwe-cornea nokulahlekelwa kokubona.

Ungawunaki ukucaphuka kwamehlo okungapheli noma ukuguquka kweliso elibonakalayo. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, abantu abaningi abane-ectropion bangase bathuthukise kakhulu izimpawu zabo futhi bavikele impilo yamehlo abo yesikhathi eside.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvikela amehlo akho ekulimala nokufuna ukwelashwa okusheshayo ngezinkinga zamehlo kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuqina kweliso nezinye izimo ezingathi sína zamehlo. Ukubona kwakho kubalulekile, futhi ukunakekela kufanele kube yinto ephambili njalo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuqina kweliso

Ingabe ukuqina kweliso kungase kuphele ngokwalo?

Ukuqina kweliso ngokuvamile akulungeki ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa ukuguga noma ukulimala kwangaphambili. Nakuba izimo ezilula zingaphathwa ngama-eye drops nokuvikelwa, inkinga yangempela yesakhiwo ngokuvamile idinga ukulungiswa okuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni ngokuvamile kuholela emiphumeleni engcono futhi kuvimbele izinkinga.

Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso kubhlungu?

Ukuhlinzwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngaphansi kokwelashwa kwendawo, ngakho ngeke uzizwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungase ube nokungakhululeki okuncane, ukuvuvukala, nokuqina okuncane izinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokuhlanza uma kudingeka, futhi abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukungakhululeki kuphatheka ngemithi yokwelapha ethengekayo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukisa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso?

Ukuphulukisa okuqala ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amasonto angu-1-2, lapho uzoba nokuvuvukala nokuqina okuncane eduze neso lakho. Ukuphulukisa okuphelele nemiphumela yokugcina ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto angu-4-6. Abantu abaningi bangabuyela emisebenzini evamile ngaphakathi nesonto, nakuba uzodinga ukugwema ukuphakamisa okukhulu nokuzivocavoca okunzima amasonto ambalwa.

Ingabe ukuqina kweliso kungase kuthinte womabili amehlo?

Yebo, ukuqina kweliso kungase kuthinte womabili amehlo, nakuba kuvame kakhulu ukuba nalo elinye iso. Uma womabili amehlo ethinteka, ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuguga, izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, noma izinto ze-genetic. Iso ngalinye lingase lidinga ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okuhlukile, njengoba ubukhulu bungase buhluke phakathi kwamehlo.

Ingabe i-inshurensi yami izokhokhela ukwelashwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso?

Iningi lemiphakathi yoku-inshurensi lihlanganisa ukwelashwa kokuthuthukiswa kweliso ngoba kubhekwa njengokudingeka kwezokwelapha kunokuba ukwelashwa kokuhlobisa. Isimo singabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína zamehlo nokulahlekelwa kokubona uma kushiywa ungaphathwa. Kodwa-ke, imininingwane yokumbozwa iyahluka ngokwecebo, ngakho kungcono ukuhlola nomhlinzeki wakho we-inshurensi mayelana nezinzuzo ezithile nanoma yikuphi ukugunyazwa okudingekayo kwangaphambili.