Ukuqina? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Kuyini ukuqina?

Ukuqina kuyisifuba esenzeka lapho amanzi engeziwe ebanjwe ezihlangwini zomzimba wakho. Cabanga ngakho njengomzimba wakho obamba amanzi amaningi kunalokho okufanele kube khona ezindaweni ezinjengomilenze, izinyawo, izandla, noma ubuso.

Lesi sifuba senzeka lapho imithambo emincane yegazi ikhipha amanzi ezicini ezizungezile ngokushesha kunalokho umzimba wakho ongakwazi ukuyikhipha. Nakuba ukuqina kungabonakala kukhathaza, ngokuvamile kuyindlela yomzimba wakho yokusabela ekulimala, ekuthelelekeni, noma esimweni sempilo esiyisisekelo.

Eziningi zezimo zokuqina ziyizesikhashana futhi zilawuleka. Noma kunjalo, ukuqina okuqhubekayo ngezinye izikhathi kungabonisa ukuthi inhliziyo yakho, izinso, noma ezinye izitho zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqina?

Uphawu olucacile kakhulu lokuqina yisifuba esibonakalayo ezindaweni ezihlaselekile. Ungase uqaphele izicathulo zakho zizizwa zicindezela kakhulu, amagingi abe nzima ukuwasusa, noma ukuqina ebusweni uma uvuka ekuseni.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko okufanele uzilandele:

• Ukuqina ezinyaweni, ezinkulungeni, emilenzeni, ezandleni, noma ebusweni
• Isikhumba esibonakala sikhuphuke, siqabaka, noma sizizwa sicindezela
• Isikhumba esingena ngaphakathi lapho ucindezela indawo eqinile (okubizwa ngokuthi i-pitting edema)
• Izingubo noma amajikijiki azizwa ecindezele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile
• Ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwezinhlangothi ezinjengezinyawo noma izipiko
• Ukuzuza isisindo ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube nesikhumba esizizwa sishisa uma usilithinta noma sibonakala singajwayelekile. Lezi zimpawu zisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuqina olukuhluphayo nokuthi yini engase ibe yimbangela yalo.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuqina?

Ukuqina kuhlukaniswa ngokusekelwe lapho kwenzeka khona emzimbeni wakho nalokho okubangela. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani isiphimbo senzeka futhi kuqondisa izinqumo zokwelapha.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina kwezingalelo: Ukuqina ezandleni, emilenzeni, ezandleni, noma ezinyaweni
• Ukuqina kwamaphaphu: Ukubunjwa kwamanzi emaphaphwini akho (kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha)
• Ukuqina kobuchopho: Ukuqina ebuchosheni (ukukhathazeka kwezokwelapha)
• Ukuqina kwe-macular: Ukubunjwa kwamanzi e-retina yamehlo akho
• Ukuqina kwezinyawo: Ukuqina ngokukhethekile ezinyaweni nasezinkulungeni
• Ukuqina kobuso: Ukuqina emazwini, eempongweni, noma ebusweni bonke

Ukuqina kwezingalelo yilohlobo oluvamile kakhulu oluzohlangana nalo. Ngokuvamile kuchaphazela kokubili izinhlangothi zomzimba wakho ngokulinganayo, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala kakhulu ohlangothini olulodwa kunolunye.

Yini ebangela ukuqina?

Ukuqina kuthuthukiswa lapho ibhalansi yamanzi evamile yomzimba wakho iphazamiseka. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningi ezahlukene, kusuka ezintweni ezilula zokuphila kuya ezimweni ezinkulu zezokwelapha.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlala noma ukuqina isikhathi eside kakhulu: Ukuthoba komzimba kukhombisa amanzi phansi emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukudla usawoti kakhulu: Umzimba wakho ugcina amanzi engeziwe ukuze uhlukanise i-sodium.
• Ukukhulelwa: Ukushintsha kwamahomoni nokukhula kwegazi kubangela ukuqina kwemvelo.
• Imithi: Imithi yegazi, ama-steroids, nezinye izidakamizwa zokwelapha isifo sikashukela.
• Ukulimala: Ukuqina, ukushisa, noma ukutheleleka kubangela ukuqina okunqunyelwe.
• Isimo sezulu esishisayo: Ukushisa kwenza imithambo yegazi ikhule, ivumela amanzi amaningi ukuthi aphume.

Isimo esiyisisekelo esinzima singase futhi sibangele ukuqina. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kwenza kube nzima enhliziyweni yakho ukupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo, kubangela amanzi ukuthi abuyele ezicini zakho.

Izinkinga zesibindi, ama-blood clots, nezinye izimo zokuziphatha komzimba zimelela ezinye izimbangela ezingase zibe khona. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuhlola lezi zinto uma ukuqina kwakho kuqhubeka noma kubi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela ngokuqina?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma ukuqina kungaphuli ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma uma kuchaphazela imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Nakuba ukuqina okuncane ngokuvamile kuziphilisa, ukuqina okuqhubekayo kufanele kuhlolwe yidokotela.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuqina okungazelelwe, okukhulu ebusweni, ezindebeni, noma olimini
• Ukuphefumula okunzima noma ubuhlungu esifubeni kanye nokuqina
• Ukuqina emilenzeni eyodwa, ikakhulukazi ngebuhlungu noma ukushisa
• Ukuzuza isisindo ngokushesha (ngaphezulu kwama-2-3 ama-pounds ngosuku)
• Ukuqina okungaphuli uma uphakamisa indawo ethintekile
• Isikhumba esibonakala sibomvu, esishisa, noma esinamahloni avulekile

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izimo ezinzima ezinjengama-blood clots, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma ukusabela okukhulu kokutholakala. Ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga futhi kulungise noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ezingase zibe khona.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikubangele ukuqina?

Izinto ezithile zenza kube lula ukuthi uthuthukise ukuqina ekuphileni kwakho konke. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zikubangele ukuqina kusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi nini ukuqina kungase kwenzeke futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela.

Ingozi yakho ikhula uma unayo:

• Izimo zenhliziyo: Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, izinkinga zevalvu yenhliziyo, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Isifo sezinsuku: Ukunciphisa ikhono lokucwecweza amanzi nezinto ezingcolile egazini lakho
• Isifo sesibindi: Kuchaphazela ukukhiqizwa kwe-protein edingekayo ukugcina amanzi emithambe yegazi
• Ukwehluleka kwe-venous: Imithambo yezinyawo ebuthakathaka ehluleka ukupompa igazi emuva enhliziyweni yakho
• Isifo sikashukela: Kungaqeda imithambo yegazi futhi kuchaphazele ukusebenza kwezinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Izifo ze-thyroid: Kokubili i-thyroid ephakeme kakhulu nephansi kakhulu kungabangela ukugcinwa kwamanzi

Ubudala buphinde bube nomthelela, njengoba abantu abadala ngokuvamile banezindonga zegazi ezibuthakathaka futhi bangase bathathe imithi ehlanganyela ekuqineni. Ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo kukhulisa ingozi yakho ngenxa yokushintsha kwamahomoni ne-baby ekhulayo ecindezela imithambo yegazi.

Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma sezinsuku, ukukhuluphala, nokuphila impilo engahambisani nomsebenzi kungase futhi kwenze kube lula ukuthi ukuqina kuthuthuke.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokuqina?

Nakuba ukuqina ngokwalo kungabi yingozi, ukushiya kungelaphi kungabangela izinkinga eziningi eziqeda induduzo nempilo yakho. Lapho amanzi ehlala isikhathi eside ezicini zakho, izinkinga eziningi ezingase zenzeke.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga zesikhumba: Isikhumba esikhuphuke sibe lula kakhulu ekuqothulweni, eziqongweni, nasekuthelelekeni
• Ukunciphisa ukunyakaza: Izinhlangothi eziqine zibe nzima futhi zibuhlungu ukuzisusa
• Izinkinga zokujikeleza: Ukungabi khona kwegazi kungase kwenze ukululama kwamahloni kube kancane
• Ukungena kwe-infection: Isikhumba esiqinile sinikeza indawo yokukhula yebhaktheriya
• Ama-scars: Ukuqina isikhathi eside kungabangela ukushintsha okuhlala njalo kwezicini
• Ama-blood clots: Ukungabi khona kwegazi ezindaweni eziqine kukhulisa ingozi yama-blood clots

Ezimeni ezinzima, ukuqina okungelaphi kungabangela ama-ulcers noma amahloni avulekile alulama kancane kakhulu. Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu lapho imbangela yokuqina ingalawulwa kahle.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zingavikelwa ngokwelashwa okufanele nezinyathelo zokunakekela kwakho. Ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lezokwelapha kusiza ukuthi ugweme lezi zinkinga ngenkathi ulungisa imbangela yokuqina kwakho.

Ukuqina kungavikeleka kanjani?

Ungathatha izinyathelo eziningi eziwusizo ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ukuqina noma ukuvimbela ukuba kubi kakhulu. Izindlela eziningi zokuvimbela zigxile ekusekeleni ibhalansi yamanzi yemvelo yomzimba wakho nokugijima.

Izindlela zokuvimbela eziphumelelayo zihlanganisa:

• Nyakaza njalo: Hamba uqhubeke njalo uma uhlala noma uqina isikhathi eside
• Phakamisa imilenze yakho: Waphakamise ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho uma ukhululekile
• Gqoka izokhwele zokucindezela: Lokhu kusiza ukususa amanzi emuva enhliziyweni yakho
• Limita ukudla usawoti: Hlose ngaphansi kwama-2,300mg we-sodium ngosuku
• Hlala uthambile: Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kusiza izinso zakho ukuba zisebenze kahle
• Zivocavoca njalo: Ukusebenza komzimba kuthuthukisa ukugijima nokukhipha amanzi

Ukuphatha izimo zempilo ezingase zibe khona kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimeleni. Ukuthatha imithi njengoba kuyalelwe, ukulandelela igazi lakho, nokugcina isifo sikashukela silawulwa kahle konke kusiza ukuvimbela ukuqina.

Uma ukhulelwe, ukulala ngecala lakho nokugwema izingubo eziqinile ezindlebeni nasezinkulungeni kungasiza ekuqedeni ukuqina. Ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo, ukuhlala ezindaweni ezipholile nokugwema ukukhanya kwelanga isikhathi eside kuncipha ukugcinwa kwamanzi okubangelwa ukushisa.

Ukuqina kuhlonzwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola izindawo eziqine futhi akusize ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nemithi. Uzothinta isikhumba esiqinile ukuze abone ukuthi siyasala yini futhi ahlole ukuthi ukuqina kuphendula kanjani ekuphukeni.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kusiza ekuqondeni uhlobo nobunzima bokuqina kwakho. Udokotela wakho uzophinde alalele inhliziyo nemaphaphu akho, ahlole igazi lakho, futhi abukele ezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonise imbangela.

Izivivinyo ezengeziwe zingase zihlanganise:

• Izivivinyo zegazi: Hlola ukusebenza kwezinso, ama-enzymes esibindi, namanani e-protein
• Izivivinyo zomchamo: Bheka i-protein noma ezinye izimpawu zezinkinga zezinso
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Ibonisa uma amanzi ehlangene emaphaphwini akho
• I-Echocardiogram: Isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo
• I-Ultrasound: Ihlola ama-blood clots noma izinkinga zemithambo ezindaweni ezihlaselekile
• I-CT noma i-MRI scans: Inikeza izithombe eziningi uma ezinye izivivinyo zingacaci

Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ekuqondeni ukuthi ukuqina kwakho kuvela ezinkingeni zenhliziyo, izinso, isibindi, noma imithambo. Imiphumela iqondisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha futhi ikusiza ukulandelela intuthuko yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Yini ukwelashwa kokuqina?

Ukwelashwa kokuqina kugxile ekuqedeni ukuqina ngenkathi kulungiswa noma yini eyikubangelayo. Indlela ixhomeke ekutheni ukuqina kwakho kuncane futhi kuyizesikhashana noma kuhlobene nesimo esiyisisekelo esinzima.

Udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze:

• Ama-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi): Siza izinso zakho ukuba zisuse amanzi engeziwe ngokukhishwa komchamo
• Ukwelashwa kokucindezela: Izokhwele noma izibopho ezifaka ukucindezela okuthambile ukuze kunciphise ukuqina
• Ukuphakamisa: Ukuphakamisa amalungu omzimba athintekile ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho izikhathi eziningi ngosuku
• Ukushintsha kokudla: Ukunciphisa i-sodium nokudla ukudla okunama-potassium amaningi
• Ukwelapha izimo ezingase zibe khona: Ukuphatha ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sezinsuku, noma ezinye izimbangela
• Ukushintsha kwemithi: Ukushintsha imithi engase ihlanganyele ekuqineni kwamanzi

Nge-lymphedema (ukuqina okuvela ezinkingeni zesimiso le-lymphatic), amasu okumomotheka akhethekile nezambatho zokucindezela zinikeza impumuzo enkulu. Ukwelashwa komzimba kungasiza futhi ekuthuthukiseni ukugijima nokunciphisa ukuqina.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luzolungiswa ngesimo sakho esithile. Abanye abantu badinga ukushintsha kuphela kokuphila, kanti abanye badinga imithi noma ukungenelela okukhulu ukuze baphathe ukuqina kwabo ngokuphumelelayo.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuqina ekhaya?

Izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya eziningi zingasiza ekuqedeni ukuqina okuncane nokusekela ukwelashwa kwakho kwezokwelapha. Lezi zinyathelo zokunakekela kwakho ziphumelela kakhulu uma zihlanganiswa nokukhathalelwa kwezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ngokuqina okuqhubekayo.

Izindlela zokuphatha ekhaya eziphumelelayo zihlanganisa:

• Phakamisa izindawo eziqine: Beka imilenze noma izandla phezu kwamapilishi ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho imizuzu engu-15-20 izikhathi eziningi ngosuku
• Hamba uhambe kancane: Ngisho nokwenza umsebenzi olula kusiza ukususa amanzi emuva enhliziyweni yakho
• Yenza ama-ankle pumps: Khombisa futhi uqonde izinyawo zakho ukuze usebenze imisipha yemilenze
• Faka izinto ezibandayo: Sebenzisa imizuzu engu-15-20 ukuze unciphise ukuqina nobuhlungu
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezanelisayo: Gwema amabhande aqinile ezandleni, ezinkulungeni, noma emadolweni
• Lala ngemilenze ephakeme: Beka iphilishi ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakho uma ulele

Qaphela ukudla kwakho usawoti ngokufunda imibhalo yokudla nokupheka ukudla okusha esikhundleni sokudla ukudla okuhlanganisiwe. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungase kubonakale kungajwayelekile, kodwa ukuhlala uthambile empeleni kusiza umzimba wakho ukuba ugcine ibhalansi yamanzi efanele.

Ukumomotheka okuthambile kungasiza futhi ekuqedeni amanzi ezicini eziqine. Sebenzisa ukususa okuthambile, okuya phezulu enhliziyweni yakho, kodwa gwema ukumomotheka uma une-blood clots noma ukutheleleka kwesikhumba.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukuza ulungile e-appointment yakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde kangcono izimpawu zakho futhi athuthukise uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo. Ukulungiselela kancane kungenza i-appointment yakho ibe yiphumelelayo futhi ibe nolwazi.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho:

• Landelela izimpawu zakho: Qaphela ukuthi ukuqina kwenzeka nini, yini eyenza kube ngcono noma kubi kakhulu
• Bala yonke imithi: Faka imithi yokwelapha, imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho, kanye nezinye izinto
• Bhala umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Izinkinga zenhliziyo, izinso, noma isibindi esikhathini esidlule
• Linganisa ukuqina: Sebenzisa i-tape measure ezindaweni eziqine uma kungenzeka
• Thatha izithombe: Bonisa ukuthi ukuqina kubonakala kanjani ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku
• Bhala imibuzo: Lungisa uhlu ukuze ungakhohlwa izinkinga ezibalulekile

Letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani uma ufuna ukusekelwa ngesikhathi se-appointment. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi ubuze imibuzo ongaze ucabange ngayo.

Lungela ukuxoxa ngemisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ukudla kwakho, nendlela ukuqina okuchaphazela ngayo impilo yakho. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde isithombe esiphelele futhi akukhuthaze izinketho zokwelapha ezifanele kakhulu.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu ngokuqina?

Ukuqina kuyisimo esivamile esivame ukuphendula kahle ekwelapheni okufanele nasezinyathelweni zokunakekela kwakho. Nakuba ukuqina kungase kube nzima futhi kukhathaze, izimo eziningi zilawuleka ngendlela efanele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuqina okuqhubekayo noma okukhulu kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kulungise noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ezingase zibe yimbangela yokuqina kwakho.

Ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezokwelapha, ukulandela izikhuthazo zokwelapha, nokwenza ukushintsha kokuphila okufanele kungakusiza ukuphatha ukuqina ngokuphumelelayo. Abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo enkulu ngokuhlanganiswa kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha nezindlela ezilula zokunakekela ekhaya.

Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma unokukhathazeka ngokuqina. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunakekelwa, unganciphisa umthelela wokuqina ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke nasempilweni yakho yonke.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngokuqina

Q1: Ingabe ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungasiza ekuqedeni ukuqina?

Yebo, ukuhlala uthambile empeleni kungasiza ekuqedeni ukuqina ezimweni eziningi. Uma ukhuluphala, umzimba wakho ugcina amanzi ngokukhulu, okungenza ukuqina kube kubi kakhulu. Ukuphuza amanzi anele kusiza izinso zakho ukuba zisebenze kahle futhi zigcine ibhalansi yamanzi enempilo emzimbeni wakho.

Q2: Ingabe kuyinto evamile ukuba nokuqina ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ukuqina okuncane ezinyaweni, ezinkulungeni, nasezandleni kuyinto evamile kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ezikhathini zesibili nesithathu. Noma kunjalo, ukuqina okungazelelwe noma okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusweni noma ezandleni, kungase kubonise isimo esinzima esibizwa ngokuthi i-preeclampsia futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Q3: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuqina ukuze kuphele?

Isikhathi sihluka kuye ngimbangela nobunzima bokuqina kwakho. Ukuqina okuncane okuvela ekuhlaleni isikhathi eside kungase kuphele ngaphakathi kwamahora okuphumula nokwenza umsebenzi. Noma kunjalo, ukuqina okuhlobene nezimo zezokwelapha kungase kuthathe izinsuku kuya emavikeni ukuze kuphumelele ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Q4: Ingabe ukudla okuthile kungenza ukuqina kube kubi kakhulu?

Yebo, ukudla okunosawoti kakhulu kungenza ukuqina kube kubi kakhulu ngokubangela umzimba wakho ukuba ugcine amanzi amaningi. Ukudla okuhlanganisiwe, ukudla kwerejistrani, kanye nosobho olufakwe emakhanini ngokuvamile kuqukethe usawoti olufihliwe. Gxila ekudleni okusha, okuphelele futhi usebenzise ama-herbs nama-spices esikhundleni sosawoti ukunambitha.

Q5: Kufanele ngikhathazeke uma ukuqina kuchaphazela umlenze owodwa kuphela?

Ukuqina emilenzeni eyodwa kuphela kungase kube ukukhathazeka kakhulu kunokuqina emilenzeni yombili, njengoba kungase kubonise i-blood clot, ukutheleleka, noma ukulimala. Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma une-swelling ohlangothini olulodwa, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nobuhlungu, ukushisa, noma ukubomvu endaweni ethintekile.