Ulukhulu Olukhulu Lwe-Liver? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-liver enkulu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-hepatomegaly ngezindlela zezokwelapha, kusho ukuthi i-liver yakho ikhulile kunesayizi yayo evamile. I-liver yakho ngokuvamile ihlala kahle ngaphansi kwe-ribcage yakho ngakwesokudla, kodwa uma ikhula, ingadlula kule ndawo futhi ngezinye izikhathi izizwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba.

Lokhu kusimo akuyona isifo ngokwalo kodwa kunesibonakaliso sokuthi kukhona okuthinta i-liver yakho. Cabanga ngakho njengokuqina kwekhanda emva kokulimaza - ukuqina kukutshela ukuthi kukhona okudinga ukunakekelwa. I-liver yakho ingakhula ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kusuka ekuqaleni kokutheleleka kuya ezimweni ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-liver enkulu?

Abantu abaningi abane-liver enkulu ababonisi zimpawu zithile ekuqaleni. I-liver yakho ilungile kakhulu ekwenzeni umsebenzi wayo ngisho noma icindezelekile, ngakho ungase ungazizwa lutho oluhlukile ezigabeni zokuqala.

Uma izimpawu zivele, zivame ukuthuthuka kancane kancane futhi zingazizwa njengezinye izinkinga zezempilo ezivamile. Nazi izibonakaliso umzimba wakho ongazikutshela ngazo ngokukhula kwe-liver:

• Ukuzizwa ugcwele noma ukungakhululeki endaweni yesisu sakho esiphezulu ngakwesokudla
• Ubuhlungu noma ukubamba ngaphansi kwama-ribs akho ngakwesokudla, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imfutho ejulile
• Ukuzizwa udiniwe noma ubuthakathaka usuku lonke
• Ukwehluleka ukudla noma ukuzizwa ugcwele ngokushesha uma udle
• Ukuphefumula noma isisu esiphazamisekile
• Ukwehluleka kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu
• Ukukhanya kwesikhumba sakho noma amehlo akho amhlophe (i-jaundice)
• Ukuqina ezinyaweni, ezinkulwini, noma esiswini
• Umyisa omnyama noma izinsalela ezimhlophe

Abanye abantu nabo baye baba nezimpawu ezingavamile njengobushushu bomzimba, ukukhahlela kwesikhumba, noma ukuguquka ekucabangeni kwabo. Lezi zimpawu zingase zihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, futhi ukuba noyedwa noma ngaphezulu akusikho isisho sokuthi une-liver enkulu.

Yini ebangela i-liver enkulu?

Isibindi sakho singakhula ngezizathu eziningi ezahlukene, kusukela ekuthelelekeni okwesikhashana kuya ezimweni zempilo zesikhathi eside. Ukuqonda lezi zizathu kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi nifumane indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza izinto.

Izizathu ezivame kakhulu zokukhula kwesibindi zihlanganisa ukutheleleka, ukonakala okuhlobene notshwala, nesifo sesibindi esinamanoni. Ake sibheke izimbangela ezahlukene:

• Isifo sesibindi esinamanoni: Amanoni amaningi aqongelela ezintweni zesibindi, ngokuvamile kuhlobene nobukhulu bomzimba, isifo sikashukela, noma ukuphakama kwe-kolesterol
• Isifo sesibindi esihlobene notshwala: Ukuphuza okuqhubekayo okukhulu konakalisa izicubu zesibindi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• I-Hepatitis yebhayirusi: Ukutheleleka okufana ne-hepatitis A, B, noma C kubangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi
• Imithi: Eminye imithi yokwelapha, imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle kwesikripthi, noma izithasiselo zemifino zingathinta usayizi wesibindi
• Izimo zenhliziyo: Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kungabangela igazi libuyele esibindini
• Izimo zokuziphikisa komzimba: Isistimu yakho yokuziphikisa ihlasela izicubu zesibindi ngephutha
• Izifo zezakhiwo: Izimo eziwusifa njenge-Wilson's disease noma i-hemochromatosis
• Umkhuhlane: Umkhuhlane wesibindi oyinhloko noma umkhuhlane osuke ezingxenyeni zomzimba

Izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa izifo ezithile zokuguqulwa komzimba, izifo zegazi, noma ukutheleleka okufana ne-mononucleosis. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela badinga ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa okuningi ukuze baqonde ukuthi yini ebangela ukukhula.

Nini kufanele ubheke udokotela ngesibindi esikhulu?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela izimpawu eziqhubekayo endaweni yesisu sakho ngakwesokudla phezulu, ikakhulukazi uma ziya mbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungalindi uma ubhekene nokungakhululeki okuqhubekayo, njengoba ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle.

Funani usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima obukhulu besisu, ubushushu obukhulu, ukukhanya kwesikhumba noma amehlo, noma ukukhula okukhulu ezinyaweni noma esiswini. Lezi zibonakaliso zingabonisa isimo esinzima esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Kuhle futhi ukubona udokotela wakho uma unezingozi zesifo se-liver bese uqaphela ngisho nezibonakaliso ezilula. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi izimpawu zakho zihlangene nokuhluma kwe-liver noma okuthile ngokuphelele.

Iyini ingozi yokukhula kwe-liver?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-liver. Ukubaqaphela la maqhawe kukusiza ukuthi uqonde isithombe sempilo yakho siqu bese uthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela uma kungenzeka.

Ezinye izingozi ongazilawula, kanti ezinye ziyingxenye yezakhiwo zakho noma umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Nazi izici eziyinhloko ezingandisa ingozi yakho:

• Ukusebenzisa utshwala kakhulu: Ukuphuza njalo, ikakhulukazi ukuphuza okuningi, kubekela ingcindezi enkulu i-liver yakho
• Ukukhuluphala: Isisindo esiningi sikwandisa ingozi yesifo se-liver esinamanoni
• I-Diabetes: Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini angase abe nomthelela ezinkingeni ze-liver
• Ikholestrol ephakeme noma i-triglycerides: Lokhu kungabangela ukuqoqwa kwamafutha e-liver
• Imithi ethile: Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile isikhathi eside kungathinta umsebenzi we-liver
• Ukubonisana ne-hepatitis yebhayoloji: Ukuxhumana negazi elinecandulu noma izinto ezivela emzimbeni
• Umlando womndeni: Izimo zezakhiwo ezithinta i-liver
• Iminyaka: Ezinye izimo ze-liver ziyanda njengoba ukhula

Ukuba nokunye noma ngaphezulu kwezingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile i-liver. Abantu abaningi abanezingozi abazange babe nezinkinga ze-liver, kanti abanye abangenazo izingozi ezicacile ngezinye izikhathi baba nazo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke uma isibindi sikhulile?

Izinkinga zesibindi esikhulu zincike kakhulu ekutheni yini esibangela ukukhula kwesibindi nokuthi sihlale singaphathwa isikhathi esingakanani. Izimo eziningi zesibindi esikhulu, ikakhulukazi lezo ezitholakala ngokushesha, azibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukukhula kwesibindi kuvela emthonjeni oqhubekayo noma esifweni, izinkinga eziningi zingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nanka okungenzeka uma isimo esingaphansi singaphathwa:

• Ukulimala kwesibindi (cirrhosis): Ukulimala okuphindaphindayo kungabangela ukulinyazwa okungapheli okuthinta umsebenzi wesibindi
• Ukwehluleka kwesibindi: Emacaleni aqatha, isibindi singase singakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yaso ebalulekile
• Ukuqina kwe-portal: Ukucindezeleka okukhulu emathanjeni egazi esibindi kungabangela izinkinga eziyingozi
• Ukungena kwezingozi zokutheleleka: Isibindi esilimele singase sibe nethuba lokulwa nokutheleleka
• Ukugcinwa kwamanzi: Ukukhula esiswini, ezinyaweni, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba
• Izinkinga zokopha: Isibindi senza amaprotheni adingekayo ekwenzeni igazi liqine

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zingavikeleka noma ziphathwe ngokunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele. Isibindi sakho sinamandla okuphulukisa ngokumangalisayo uma sinikezwa ithuba lokuphulukisa.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhula kwesibindi?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukugwema zonke izimbangela zokukhula kwesibindi, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ngokunakekela impilo yakho yonke. Izindlela eziningi zokuvimbela ezisebenza kakhulu zihilela izinqumo zokuphila ezizuza umzimba wakho wonke.

Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala noma ukukugwema ngokuphelele uma usesengozini enkulu. Isibindi sakho siqapha utshwala njengento enenkani, ngakho-ke ukunika ikhefu kusiza ukuvimbela ukukhula okuhlobene notshwala.

Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ngokudla okulinganisekile nokuzivocavoca njalo kungavimbela isifo se-liver esinamanoni. Gxila ekudleni izithelo, imifino, ukudla okugcwele, namaprotheni ahlanzekile ngenkathi ugcina ukudla okucutshungulwayo noshukela oluengeziwe.

Ukuzivikela e-hepatitis yebhayoloji kubalulekile. Lokhu kusho ukuziphatha ngokuphepha ngokobulili, ukungabi nabelana ngezinsimbi noma izinto zomuntu siqu njengezinkuni zokukhahlela, nokuthatha i-vaccine ye-hepatitis A ne-B uma kunconywe ngudokotela wakho.

Qaphela imithi kanye nezinhlanganisela, thatha kuphela lokho okudingayo bese ulandela imiyalo yokulinganisa ngokucophelela. Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi nezinhlanganisela ozithathayo, njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zingacindezela i-liver yakho.

I-liver enkulu ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlola i-liver enkulu kuvame ukuqala ngudokotela wakho ozwa isisu lakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba. Bangayithola kalula i-liver enkulu ngokucindezela ngobumnene phansi kwesifuba sakho sokunene ukuhlola usayizi nokwakheka kwe-liver.

Uma udokotela wakho engabaza ukuthi i-liver ikhulu, cishe uzokukhipha ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukuthi i-liver yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani. Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa ama-enzyme, amaprotheni, nezinye izinto ezibonisa impilo nokusebenza kwe-liver.

Izivivinyo ze-imaging zinikeza isithombe esicacile sobukhulu nesimo se-liver yakho. I-ultrasound ivame ukuba yi-imaging test yokuqala esetshenziswayo ngoba iphephile, ayibuhlungu, futhi inikeza ulwazi oluhle ngobukhulu nokwakheka kwe-liver. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome i-CT scan noma i-MRI ukuze uthole izithombe ezinemininingwane.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-liver biopsy, lapho kuthathwa khona isampula encane yethishu ukuze ihlolwe elabhoratri. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela ukukhulu kwe-liver futhi kuqondise izinqumo zokwelapha.

Iyini impilo ye-liver enkulu?

Ukuphathwa kwesibindi esikhulu kugxila ekunakekelweni kwimbangela yayo esikhulu kunokukhulu kwesibindi ngokwalo. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokuphatha olusekelwe kulokho okubangela ukukhulu kwesibindi lakho nokuthi isimo sibuhlungu kangakanani.

Ngokukhulu kwesibindi okubangelwa utshwala, ukwelashwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukumisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokuphelele. Lokhu kunika isibindi sakho ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphulukisa nokuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe. Udokotela wakho angakuxhumanisa nemithombo yokusiza uma udinga ukwesekwa ekushiyweni kotshwala.

Uma isifo sesibindi esinamanoni siyimbangela, ukwelashwa kuhilela ukushintsha indlela yokuphila njengokulahlekelwa isisindo kancane kancane, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokuphatha izimo ezinjengoshukela noma ukuphakama kwe-kolesterol. Lezi zinguquko zingabuyekeza impela isifo sesibindi esinamanoni ezimweni eziningi.

Ngokuphathelene ne-hepatitis yebhayoloji, udokotela wakho angancoma imithi ye-antiviral ukuze alwe nokutheleleka nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwesibindi. Izinhlelo zokwelapha ziyahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-hepatitis onayo.

Uma imithi ibangela ukukhulu kwesibindi, udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthola ukwelashwa okunye noma alungise imithamo. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi eyalwe ngudokotela ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Ungayiphatha kanjani isibindi esikhulu ekhaya?

Ukukhathalela wena ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusekeleni impilo nesondlo lesibindi sakho. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi eziningi zalezi zinyathelo yizinto ongaqala ukuzenza ngokushesha.

Gxilisa ukudla ukudla okuhle esibindini ngezithelo eziningi, imifino, ukudla okugcwele, namaprotheni aphansi. Khawukhawule ukudla okucutshunguliwe, iziphuzo ezino-shuga, nokudla okunamafutha amaningi agcwele. Ukugcina umzimba uqinisile ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi kusiza isibindi sakho ukuba sisebenze kahle.

Thola ukuzivocavoca okuvamile, okuqondile njengoba kuvunyelwe udokotela wakho. Ukuzivocavoca kusiza ekuthuthukiseni amanoni esibindini, kuthuthukisa ukululama kwe-insulin, futhi kusekela impilo yonke yesibindi. Ngisho nokuhamba kwansuku zonke kungenza umehluko.

Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele uma udokotela wakho ekutshela njalo. Ngisho nezingqamuzana ezincane zingaphazamisa ukululama kwesibindi uma ubhekene nokukhuluphala kwesibindi.

Qaphela kakhulu ngemithi kanye nezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo. Funda imibhalo ngokucophelela, landela izilinganiso ezinconywayo, futhi gwema ukuthatha imikhiqizo eminingi enezithako ezifanayo ezisebenzayo, ikakhulukazi i-acetaminophen.

Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula, ukulala okwanele, nemisebenzi oyithandayo. Ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kungenza izimo zezempilo eziningi zibe zimbi, kufaka phakathi lezo ezihlasela isibindi.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani ukubona udokotela wakho?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi ngesikhathi sakho nodokotela wakho. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi.

Yenza uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, amavithamini, kanye nezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo ozithathayo, kufaka phakathi izilinganiso. Ungakhohlwa ukufaka imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho nemikhiqizo yemifino, njengoba lezi zingathinta isibindi sakho.

Bula imininingwane mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi noma yiziphi izinkinga zesibindi ngaphambili, ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis, noma umlando womndeni wesifo sesibindi. Futhi, qinisani ngokusetshenziswa kwakho utshwala - udokotela wakho udinga ulwazi olunembile ukuze akusize ngokuphumelelayo.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho. Lokhu kungafaka imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ozidingayo, ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho, noma ukuthi yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo.

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuze akusize ukukhumbula imininingwane ebalulekile exoxwe ngayo ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nesibindi esikhulu?

Isibindi esikhulu yindlela yomzimba wakho yokukhombisa ukuthi kukhona okuthile okudingayo ukunakekelwa, kodwa akuyona into okufanele ube nesizungu ngayo. Abantu abaningi abanesibindi esikhulu bangaphila ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okuhle nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi ukutholakala kwesifo ngokushesha nokuphathwa kwalo kuvame ukuletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Isibindi sakho sinamandla okuphulukisa sona uma sinikezwa ukusekelwa nokukhathalelwa okufanele.

Ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo, ukulandela izindlela zokwelapha, nokwenza izinqumo zokuphila ezempilo kungasiza ekuvikeleni impilo yesibindi sakho iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Khumbula ukuthi izinguquko ezincane, eziqhubekayo zivame ukuba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho yonke.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngesibindi esikhulu

Ingabe isibindi esikhulu singabuya esikhwameni?

Yebo, ezimweni eziningi isibindi esikhulu singabuya esikhwameni, ikakhulukazi uma imbangela ephambili itholakala futhi iphelelwe ngokushesha. Isibonelo, uma isifo sesibindi esinamanoni noma ukukhuluphala okuhlobene notshwala kubanjwe ngokushesha, ukuyeka ukusebenzisa utshwala nokwenza izinguquko zokuphila kungavumela isibindi siphulukise futhi sibuyele esikhwameni. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona amabala amaningi (cirrhosis), ukukhuluphala okunye kungaba okungapheli, yize ukulimala okuqhubekayo kuvame ukuvimbeka.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba isibindi esikhulu siphulukise?

Isikhathi sokuphola sihluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi yini ebangelwe ukukhuluphala nokuthi kubunzima kangakanani. Ngokuphathelene nesifo sesibindi esinamanoni, ungabona ukuthuthuka kwe-enzymes yesibindi phakathi kwamasonto kuya ezinyangeni zokwenza izinguquko zokuphila, yize ukwelashwa okuphelele kungathatha izinyanga eziyi-6-12 noma ngaphezulu. Ukukhuluphala kwesibindi okuhlobene notshwala kungaqala ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamasonto okuyeka utshwala, kodwa ukubuyiselwa okugcwele kungathatha izinyanga kuya eminyakeni. Udokotela wakho angaqapha intuthuko yakho ngokuhlola igazi njalo nokwenza izithombe.

Ingabe isibindi esikhulu sihlale siyingozi?

Akuwona wonke umzuzu. Isibindi esikhulu singaba yinto encane, yesikhashana, noma uphawu lwesimo esinzima. Ngezinye izikhathi sibangelwa yizinkinga ezilula ukwelashwa njengokulimala okuvela ephusheni noma imiphumela yemithi. Noma kunjalo, kuhlale kufanele kuhlolwe ngoba ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwanoma yisiphi isimo esiyimbangela kuholela eziphumeleni ezinhle. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi isimo sakho esithile siyimbangela yokukhathazeka yini.

Ungazizwa yini wena ngokwakho isibindi esikhulu?

Ngokuvamile awukwazi ukuzizwa isibindi sakho, ngisho noma sikhulu, ngoba sihlala ngaphansi kwezibilini zakho. Noma kunjalo, ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezifana nokuqina, ukungakhululeki, noma ubuhlungu ngasemgceleni wakho ongaphezulu kwesokudla. Abanye abantu bachaza ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona okucindezela ngaphandle ngaphansi kwezibilini zabo. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi mizwa, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho, ongakuhlola kahle isisu sakho.

Imiphi ukudla okufanele uyigweme une-isibindi esikhulu?

Gxila ekugwemeni utshwala ngokuphelele uma kunconywe udokotela wakho, njengoba kubekela isibindi sakho uxinzelelo olwengeziwe. Khawukhawulelise ukudla okucutshunguliwe, ukudla okubhaqedwayo, ukudla okune-shuga eningi eyongezwe, kanye nokudla okune-mafutha amaningi agcwele. Qaphela futhi ukudla okunama-ayini amaningi uma unezimo ezithile ezifana ne-hemochromatosis. Esikhundleni salokho, qinisekisa izithelo ezintsha, imifino, ukudla okugcwele, namaprotheni aphansi. Udokotela wakho noma umqeqeshi wokudla obhalisiwe angakunika isiqondiso sokudla esiqondene nalokho okubangela ukukhuluphala kwesibindi sakho.