Uyini i-Epithelioid Sarcoma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Epithelioid sarcoma uhlobo oluyimfihlo lomdlavuza wezicubu ezithambile ongase ukhule kuphi na emzimbeni wakho, nakuba kuvame ukubonakala ezandleni, ezingalweni, noma ezinyaweni. Lo mdlavuza uthola igama lawo ngoba uma ubhekwa ngaphansi komkhiqizo, amaseli omdlavuza afana namaseli e-epithelial, okuyiwo amaseli ahlanganisa izitho zakho nokuqeda komzimba.

Nakuba igama elithi "sarcoma" lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, ukuqonda ukuthi yini oyiphathayo kungakusiza uzizwe ulungile futhi uqiniseke ngokunakekelwa kwakho. Lolo hlobo lomdlavuza luthambekele ekukhuleni kancane ekuqaleni, okusho ukuthi ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu ephuthweni lakho.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-epithelioid sarcoma?

Isilwane sokuqala esivamile yibhobho elincane, eliqinile noma i-nodule ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho elingase lizwakale njenge-cyst engenangozi noma ukukhula okuhle.

Akekho abantu abaningi abaqala ukuphika la ma-lumps ngoba ngokuvamile awabangeli ubuhlungu futhi angabonakala evamile.

Nazi izimpawu ezibalulekile okufanele uzibheke, ukhumbula ukuthi lezi zingase zikhule kancane ezinyangeni noma ngisho neminyaka:

• Ibhobho elingenabuhlungu, eliqinile ngaphansi kwesikhumba esikhula kancane.
• Ibhobho elizwakala lixhunyiwe ezicubwini ezijulile kunokunyakaza khululekile.
• Ukushintsha kwesikhumba phezu kwesibhobho, njengokuqina noma ukuqhuma.
• Ama-nodules amaningi amancane abonakala ngaphezulu kwendlebe efanayo noma umlenze.
• Ukukhula okubuya ngemuva kokususwa ngokusebenza.
• Ukuqina noma ukuthungatha uma i-tumor icindezela izinzwa eziseduze.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ungase uqaphele ibhobho liba buhlungu noma libuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma likhula ngokwanele ukucindezela izakhiwo ezizungezile. Into ebalulekile okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-epithelioid sarcoma ngokuvamile ibonakala njengento enhle, ngakho noma yiliphi ibhobho elihlala isikhathi eside lidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-epithelioid sarcoma?

Odokotela bayaqaphela izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-epithelioid sarcoma, nokuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukuyo kusiza ukuqondisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha. Zombili izinhlobo ziphatha ngendlela ehlukile, nakuba zabelana ngezici eziningi.

Uhlobo oluvamile ngokuvamile luvela kubantu abadala abasebancane nabasakhulayo, ngokuvamile lubonakala ezandleni, ezingalweni, ezinyaweni, noma ezingxenyeni eziphansi zamalunga.

Uhlobo oluseduze ngokuvamile luthinta abantu abadala futhi luthambekele ekukhuleni ezindaweni ezijulile zomzimba wakho, njenge-pelvis, umzimba, noma izingxenye eziphezulu zamalunga akho nemilenze.

Udokotela wakho uzokunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukuyo ngokuhlola ngokucophelela amasampula ezicubu ngaphansi komkhiqizo, kanye namavivinyo akhethekile abheka amaprotheni athile emaseleni omdlavuza.

Yini ebangela i-epithelioid sarcoma?

Imbangela eqondile ye-epithelioid sarcoma ayaziwa, okungase kuzwakale kuyadumaza uma ufuna izimpendulo. Lokho esikwaziyo ukuthi lo mdlavuza ukhula lapho amaseli athile ezicubu zakho ezithambile ehlushwa ukushintsha kwe-genetic okubangela ukukhula nokwahlukaniswa okungenakulawuleka.

Izimo eziningi zibonakala zenzeka ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isizathu esicacile noma imbangela obungayivikela.

Ucwaningo oluthile luphakamisa ukuthi ukulimala noma ukulimala kwangaphambili endaweni kungase kudlale indima ezimweni ezingavamile, kodwa lobu buhlobo abubonakali futhi akufanele kukwenze uzibekele icala uma uke walimaza esikhathini esidlule. Ososayensi baqhubeka becwaninga ukushintsha kwe-genetic okuhilelekile kulo mdlavuza ukuze baqonde kangcono ukuthi ukhula kanjani.

Ezimeni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-epithelioid sarcoma ingase ihlotshaniswe nezinye izimo ze-genetic, kodwa iningi lezimali zenzeka kubantu abangenalo umlando womndeni womdlavuza noma izifo ze-genetic.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-epithelioid sarcoma?

Kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela noma yiliphi ibhobho noma ibhobho elihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi uma liqhubeka likhula. Nakuba ama-lumps amaningi ephuma engenangozi, ukuwahlola kukunika ukuthula kwengqondo futhi kuqinisekisa ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni uma kukhona okuthile okubi kwenzeka.

Phawula ngokukhethekile ama-lumps azwakala eqinile futhi abonakala exhunyiwe ezicubwini ezijulile kunokunyakaza khululekile ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Uma uqaphela ukukhula okubuya ngemuva kokususwa, noma uma ama-bumps amaningi amancane abonakala ngaphezulu kwelungu elifanayo, lezi zidinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ungalindi uma uhlushwa yinoma yikuphi ukushintsha kwesikhumba phezu kwesibhobho, njengokuqina, ukuqhuma, noma ukuvuvukala okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokufanayo, uma ibhobho elingenabuhlungu liba buhlungu noma liqala ukubangela ukuqina nokuthungatha, sekufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuthola noma yiliphi inkinga engenzeka ekuqaleni ngokuvamile kuholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu nezinketho zokwelapha eziningi, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokulinda nokukhathazeka uma ungathola izimpendulo othisha wezokwelapha.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-epithelioid sarcoma?

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, i-epithelioid sarcoma ayinazo izici eziningi ezingozi ezicacile, okusho ukuthi abantu abaningi abayithola abanazo izici ezicacile eziqondisa. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuyadumaza, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuba nezici ezingozi ezimbalwa ezibonakalayo akusho ukuthi awenzanga lutho olungalungile.

Iminyaka idlala indima ethile, ngohlobo oluvamile oluthinta kakhulu abantu abaneminyaka engama-10 kuya kwengu-35, kuyilapho uhlobo oluseduze ngokuvamile luvela kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40. Abesilisa abasebancane babonakala bethonya kakhulu kunabesifazane abasebancane, nakuba umehluko ungakaqali.

Ezinye izimo ze-genetic ezingavamile kakhulu zingase zikhulise ingozi kancane, kodwa lezi ziyizingxenye ezincane kakhulu zezimali. Ukulimala noma ukulimala kwangaphambili endaweni kuye kwaphakanyiswa njengoba kungenzeka kube yimbangela yengozi kweminye imiphumela, kodwa lobu buhlobo buhlala bungabonakali futhi buphikiswana phakathi kwabachwepheshe.

Iqiniso liwukuthi abantu abaningi abaxilongwe yi-epithelioid sarcoma abanazo izici ezingozi ezibonakalayo nhlobo, okuqokomisa ukuthi lokhu ngokuvamile kuyenzeka ngokungahleliwe kunokuba yinto engavikelekile.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ze-epithelioid sarcoma?

Ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza usebenze neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuqapha izinkinga nokubhekana nazo ngokushesha uma zivela. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlanganisela eziningi zingaphathwa ngokuphumelelayo uma zitholakala ekuqaleni.

Ukukhathazeka okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-epithelioid sarcoma inenkambo yokusabalala kuma-lymph nodes aseduze, futhi, ezimweni eziphambili, ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba wakho njengemiphunga. Yingakho udokotela wakho cishe uzokuncoma amavivinyo okuthola izithombe ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukusabalala ngesikhathi sokutholakala.

Nazi izinhlanganisela eziyinhloko abachwepheshe abazibheka:

• Ukubuyela kwendawo, lapho umdlavuza ubuyela endaweni efanayo ngemuva kokwelashwa.
• Ukubhebhetheka kuma-lymph nodes aseduze, ikakhulukazi e-armpit, groin, noma entanyeni.
• Ukubhebhetheka okude (metastasis) emiphungeni yakho, okuyindawo evamile kakhulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi kwelungu elithintekile uma kukhona ukusebenza okukhulu okudingekayo.
• Ukulimala kwezinzwa okubangela ukuqina, ubuthakathaka, noma ubuhlungu.
• Ukutheleleka noma ukwelapha okubi kwesilonda ngemuva kokusebenza.

Nakuba lezi zinhlobo zinzima, khumbula ukuthi izindlela zokwelapha zanamuhla zihlose ukunciphisa lezi ngozi ngenkathi zwelapha umdlavuza wakho ngokuphumelelayo. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizosisebenza nawe eduze ukuze lilinganise ukwelashwa ngokulondoloza umsebenzi ovamile ngangokunokwenzeka.

I-epithelioid sarcoma ingavikeleka kanjani?

Ngeshwa, asikho isindlela esiyaziwayo yokuvimbela i-epithelioid sarcoma ngoba asiqondi ngokugcwele ukuthi yini eyibangelayo. Lokhu akuyona icala lamuntu, futhi asikho lutho obungalwenza ngokuhlukile ukuze ugweme ukuthola leli phuzu.

Indlela engcono kakhulu ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni ngokuqaphela izimpawu nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha nganoma yimaphi ama-lumps noma ama-bumps akukhathazayo. Ukuhlola okuvamile kwesikhumba sakho nezicubu ezisephansi kungakusiza uqaphele ukushintsha ekuqaleni.

Njengoba lo mdlavuza ngezinye izikhathi ungase udideke nezinye izimo ezinhle, kubalulekile ukulandela udokotela wakho uma kukhona ibhobho elihlala isikhathi eside, likhula, noma lishintsha.

Ukulondoloza impilo enhle ngokujima okuvamile, ukudla okulinganiselayo, nokunakekelwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha kuweseka ikhono lomzimba wakho lokubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinselele zezempilo ezingase ziveluke, nakuba lezi zinyathelo zingavikeli ngokuqondile i-epithelioid sarcoma.

I-epithelioid sarcoma ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-epithelioid sarcoma kudinga izinyathelo eziningi, futhi udokotela wakho uzokukhokhela ngasinye ngokucophelela. Inqubo iqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba lapho udokotela wakho ezwa ibhobho futhi ebuza ngomlando walo, kufaka phakathi lapho uqale ukuqaphela futhi lishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Amavivinyo okuthola izithombe afana ne-ultrasound, ama-CT scans, noma i-MRI asize udokotela wakho abone usayizi nendawo ye-tumor futhi anqume ukuthi isabalale yini ezindaweni eziseduze. Lezi zilingo azina buhlungu futhi zinikeza izithombe eziningi ezisiza ekuhleleni ukwelashwa kwakho.

Ukutholakala okuqinisekisiwe kuvela e-biopsy, lapho isampula encane yesicubu isuswa futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Udokotela wakho angase enze i-needle biopsy ye-tumors ezincane noma i-surgical biopsy ye-tumors ezinkulu.

Amavivinyo akhethekile elabhoratri okuthiwa yi-immunohistochemistry abheka amaprotheni athile emaseleni omdlavuza aqinisekisa ukutholakala. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa amavivinyo engeziwe e-genetic ukuze athole ukushintsha okuthile emaseleni omdlavuza okungase kuqondise izinqumo zokwelapha.

Uma ukutholakala kuqinisekiswe, amavivinyo okuhlanganisa anquma ubukhulu bomdlavuza. Lokhu kungase kufaka ama-chest CT scans ukuhlola imiphunga yakho nokucubungula ama-lymph nodes aseduze ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza usabalale yini.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-epithelioid sarcoma?

Ukwelashwa kwe-epithelioid sarcoma ngokuvamile kuhilela indlela yeqembu, ngochwepheshe abahlukene abasebenza ndawonye ukuze bakhe uhlelo oluhle kakhulu olufanele isimo sakho esithile. Ukuhlinzwa kuhlala kuyisisekelo sokwelashwa, sihlose ukususa i-tumor yonke ngomda wezicubu ezempilo eziyizungezile.

Udokotela wakho wezokwelapha uzozama ukususa umdlavuza ngokuphelele ngenkathi elondoloza umsebenzi ovamile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kusho ukususa ama-lymph nodes aseduze uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokusabalala, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, ukunqunywa kwelungu kungase kubhekwe uma kuyindlela kuphela yokufinyelela ekususweni okuphelele.

Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kuvame ukunconywa ngemuva kokusebenza ukuze kunciphise ingozi yokuthi umdlavuza ubuyele endaweni efanayo. Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukuqondisa noma yimaphi amaseli omdlavuza aseleyo futhi ngokuvamile inikezwa izinsuku ezimbalwa.

I-Chemotherapy ingase inconywe, ikakhulukazi ye-tumors ezinkulu noma uma kukhona ubufakazi bokutholakala. Nakuba i-epithelioid sarcoma ingase ibe namandla okumelana nezinye izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy, izindlela ezintsha eziqondisiwe zibonisa ithemba kubantu abathile.

Ezimeni eziphambili, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kungase kunikeze ukufinyelela ekwelapheni okuphambili okungakabi kutholakala kabanzi. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist angakusiza uqonde ukuthi noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okuhlaziywayo kungase kufaneleke isimo sakho.

Ungaphatha kanjani izimpawu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-epithelioid sarcoma?

Ukuphatha izimpawu nemiphumela emibi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kukusiza ulondoloze ikhwalithi yempilo yakho futhi uhlale uqine kulo lonke uhambo lwakho lomdlavuza. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lifuna uzizwe ukhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka futhi lizosisebenza nawe ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezivela.

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngokuvamile kuyinto ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokusebenza noma ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngomgogodla. Udokotela wakho angancoma imithi ephumelelayo yokuhlanza ubuhlungu futhi angase ancome ezinye izindlela njengokwelashwa komzimba noma amasu okuphumula.

Uma uthola i-chemotherapy, imithi yokulwa nokuhlanza isisu ingasiza ekulawuleni ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, kuyilapho ukukhathala kungaphathwa ngokulinganisela kokulala nomsebenzi olula. Ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile kuvame ukusiza ekuqondiseni ukudla kwakho namanqanaba amandla.

Ukukhathalela izilonda ngemuva kokusebenza kubalulekile ekwelapheni okuhle. Landela imiyalo yodokotela wakho ngokucophelela mayelana nokulondoloza indawo ihlanzekile futhi yomile, futhi ungangabazi ukuxhumana neqembu lakho lezokwelapha uma uqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokukhanya okwandayo, ukushisa, noma ukopha.

Ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo kubalulekile ngokufanayo, futhi abantu abaningi bayithola ilungele ukuxhumana nabacebisi, amaqembu wokusekela, noma abanye abaguli abaqonda ukuthi yini oyidlula. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lingakusiza uthole izinsiza ezifanele endaweni yakho.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi ngesikhathi sakho neqembu lakho lezokwelapha futhi libasize banikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu okungenzeka. Qala ngokubhala phansi lapho uqale ukuqaphela ibhobho futhi lishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Letha uhlu lwayo yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje, kufaka phakathi imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho kanye nezinye izinto. Buthana futhi nanoma yimaphi amarekhodi ezempilo adlule ahlobene nebhobho, kufaka phakathi imibiko evela kwabanye odokotela noma noma yimaphi ama-imaging studies oye waqala.

Bhala phansi imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ungayikhohlwa ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Cabanga ukubuza ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo ekutholeni, ukuthi yimaphi amavivinyo adingekayo, nokuthi yiziphi izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo.

Kuvame ukuba usizo ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani emihlanganweni yakho, ikakhulukazi uma uxoxa ngokutholakala nezinketho zokwelapha. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo.

Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi achaze noma yini ongayiqondi. Yilungelo lakho ukuba nolwazi olucacile ngesimo sakho nezinketho zokwelapha, futhi odokotela abahle bayabazisa abantu ababuza imibuzo ecabanga.

Yini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-epithelioid sarcoma?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-epithelioid sarcoma, nakuba inzima, iyisimo esingaphathwa ngokuphumelelayo, ikakhulukazi uma itholakala ekuqaleni. Izindlela zokwelapha zanamuhla ziqhubeka zithuthukisa imiphumela yabantu abaneli phuzu elingavamile.

Ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni kwenza umehluko omkhulu, ngakho-ke ungawaphika ama-lumps noma ama-bumps ahlala isikhathi eside, ngisho noma ebonakala engenangozi. Themba izinzwa zakho futhi ufune ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha nganoma yikuphi ukukhula okukukhathazayo noma okuqhubeka kushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuhilela iqembu lochwepheshe abasebenza ndawonye ukuze bakhe uhlelo olufanele isimo sakho. Nakuba uhambo lungase luzwakale lukhulu ngezinye izikhathi, awuwedwa, futhi izinsiza eziningi zitholakala ukukusekela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nokubuyela.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-epithelioid sarcoma akuchazi, futhi ngokwelashwa okuhle nokusekelwa, abantu abaningi baqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo. Hlala uxhumene neqembu lakho lezokwelapha, buza imibuzo uma udinga incazelo, futhi ungangabazi ukufuna ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo uma ukudingayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-epithelioid sarcoma

Q1: I-epithelioid sarcoma iyimfihlo kangakanani?

I-Epithelioid sarcoma iyimfihlo kakhulu, imelela ngaphansi kuka-1% yayo yonke i-soft tissue sarcomas. Ithinta abantu abangaphansi kuka-1 ngesigidi minyaka yonke. Nakuba ukungavamile kwayo kungase kukwenze uzizwe uhlukene, amasiko akhethekile e-sarcoma anamava amaningi ekwelapheni leli phuzu futhi anganikeza ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe.

Q2: Iyini izinga lokuphila kwe-epithelioid sarcoma?

Izinga lokuphila liyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngezici ezifana nobukhulu nendawo ye-tumor, ukuthi isabalale yini, nokuthi ingasuswa ngokuphelele kanjani ngokusebenza. Uma itholakala ekuqaleni futhi isuswe ngokuphelele, abantu abaningi bayenza kahle isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho we-oncologist angaxoxa ngesimo sakho esithile nethemba kuye ngezimo zakho.

Q3: I-epithelioid sarcoma ingasabalala yini kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?

Yebo, i-epithelioid sarcoma ingasabalala kuma-lymph nodes aseduze, futhi, ezimweni eziphambili, ezingxenyeni ezikude njengemiphunga. Yingakho udokotela wakho azoqhuba amavivinyo okuhlanganisa ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukusabalala ekutholeni. Ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kunciphise kakhulu ingozi yokusabalala.

Q4: I-epithelioid sarcoma iyefa?

Iningi le-epithelioid sarcomas lenzeka ngokungahleliwe futhi aliyi-inherited. Nakuba izimo ze-genetic ezingavamile kakhulu zingase zikhulise ingozi kancane, abantu abaningi abaneli phuzu abanalo umlando womndeni waleli phuzu. Awudingi ukukhathazeka ngokudlulisela lokhu kubantwana bakho.

Q5: Ukwelashwa kwe-epithelioid sarcoma kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa sihlukahluka kuye ngesimo sakho esithile, kodwa ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlinzwa okulandelelwa amasonto ambalwa okwelashwa ngomgogodla uma kunconywa. Uma i-chemotherapy idingeka, ingase iqhubeke izinyanga ezimbalwa. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizonikeza isikhathi esicacile uma selibuyekezile isimo sakho esithile futhi lihlele uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha.