Ewing Sarcoma
Uhlolojikelele
I-Ewing sarcoma uhlobo lwe-kansa oluqala njengokukhula kwamaseli emathanjeni nasemahlathini abuthakathaka asezungeze amathambo. I-Ewing (Yoo-ing) sarcoma iqala ikakhulu kubantwana nakubantu abadala abasebancane, yize ingaqala kunoma yimuphi ubudala.
I-Ewing sarcoma iqala ikakhulu emathanjeni ezinyaweni nasemphongolweni, kodwa ingaqala kunoma yiliphi ithambo. Ngokuncane, iqala emahlathini abuthakathaka esifubeni, esiswini, ezingalweni noma kwezinye izindawo.
Izinguquko ezinkulu ekwelapheni i-Ewing sarcoma ziye zahlomisela ukubheka phambili kule kansa. Abantu abasebancane abaxilongwe nge-Ewing sarcoma baphila isikhathi eside. Ngezinye izikhathi bahlangabezana nemiphumela yokulibaziseka evela ekwelapheni okunamandla. Abachwepheshe bezempilo bavame ukuncoma ukuqapha isikhathi eside semiphumela emibi ngemuva kokwelashwa.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-Ewing sarcoma ngokuvamile ziqala ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwempumputhe. Le kansala ngokuvamile ithinta amathambo ezinyaweni nasemfubheni. Uma izimpawu zenzeka ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwempumputhe, zingafaka: Isibopho engalweni, emilenzeni, esifubeni noma emgodini. Ubuhlungu lwamathambo. Ukuphuka kwempumputhe, okuthiwa futhi ukuphuka. Ubuhlungu, ukukhula noma ubuhlungu eduze kwendaweni ethintekayo. Ngezinye izikhathi i-Ewing sarcoma ibangela izimpawu ezithinta umzimba wonke. Lezi zingafaka: Ukuqina. Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzimisela. Ukukhathala. Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nochwepheshe wezempilo uma wena noma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezithintayo ezikukhathazayo.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela
Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe wezempilo uma wena noma ingane yakho inesimpawu esiqhubekayo nesikukhathazayo. Bhalisela mahhala bese uthola umhlahlandlela ophelele wokubhekana nomdlavuza, kanye nolwazi oluwusizo lokuthola umbono wesibili. Ungakwazi ukubhalisa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Umhlahlandlela wakho ophelele wokubhekana nomdlavuza uzoba ebhokisini lakho le-imeyili maduze. Uzoba futhi
Izimbangela
Akuqondile ukuthi yini ebangela i-Ewing sarcoma.
I-Ewing sarcoma kwenzeka lapho amaseli ehlanganisa ukuguquka kwe-DNA yawo. I-DNA yeseli igcina imiyalo eyalela iseli ukuthi yenze ini. Kumaseli aphilile, i-DNA inikeza imiyalo yokukhula nokukhulisa ngesivinini esibekiwe. Imiyalo iyalela amaseli ukuthi afe ngesikhathi esibekiwe.
Kumaseli e-kensi, ukuguquka kwe-DNA kunikeza imiyalo ehlukile. Ukuguquka kutshela amaseli e-kensi ukuba enze amaseli amaningi ngokushesha. Amaseli e-kensi angaqhubeka ephila lapho amaseli aphilile efa.
Amaseli e-kensi angakha i-mass ebizwa nge-tumor. I-tumor ingakhula ukuze ihlase ize yonakalise inyama yomzimba enempilo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaseli e-kensi angaphula futhi asakazeke kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Uma i-kensi isakazeka, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-kensi ye-metastatic.
Ku-Ewing sarcoma, ukuguquka kwe-DNA kuvame ukubangela i-gene ebizwa nge-EWSR1. Uma udokotela wakho ophethe ngezempilo ekukholelwa ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-Ewing sarcoma, amaseli e-kensi angahlolwa ukuze abuke ukuguquka kule gene.
Izici eziyingozi
Izimbangela ezingozi ze-Ewing sarcoma zifaka phakathi:
- Ubudala obusemusha. I-Ewing sarcoma ingahle ibe khona kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Kodwa kungenzeka kakhulu kubantwana nakubantu abadala abasebancane.
- Ubuzwe baseYurophu. I-Ewing sarcoma ivame kakhulu kubantu baseYurophu. Ayivamanga kakhulu kubantu base-Afrika naseMpumalanga Asia.
Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela i-Ewing sarcoma.
Izingqinamba
Izinkinga ze-Ewing sarcoma kanye nokuphathwa kwayo kufaka phakathi okulandelayo.
I-Ewing sarcoma ingasakazeka kusuka lapho yaqala khona iye kwamanye amazwekazi. I-Ewing sarcoma ivame ukusakazeka emaphaphwini nakwamanye amathambo.
Ukuphathwa okuqine okuyimfuneko ukulawula i-Ewing sarcoma kungabangela imiphumela emibi emikhulu, kokubili ngesikhathi esifushane nangesikhathi eside. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingakusiza ulawule imiphumela emibi eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ithimba lingakunika uhlu lwemiphumela emibi okufanele uyilindele eminyakeni eminingi ngemuva kokwelashwa.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Ewing sarcoma kuqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba. Ngokusekelwe eziphumeleni zokuhlolwa, kungenzeka kube khona ezinye izivivinyo nezinqubo.
Izivivinyo ze-Imaging zenza izithombe zomzimba. Zingabonisa indawo nobukhulu be-Ewing sarcoma. Izivivinyo zingafaka:
- I-X-ray.
- I-MRI.
- I-CT.
- Ukucubungula amathambo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Positron emission tomography, okuthiwa futhi i-PET scan.
I-biopsy inqubo yokususa isampula yethishu ukuze ihlolwe elabhoratri. Ithishu ingasuswa ngenhlanzi ebekwe ngesikhumba bese iya ekeni. Ngezinye izikhathi ukucutshungulwa kuyadingeka ukuze uthole isampula yethishu. Isampula ihlolwa elabhoratri ukuze kubonwe ukuthi isikhuli yini. Ezinye izivivinyo ezikhethekile zinikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe ngamaseli ekhanda.
I-biopsy idingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa kwe-Ewing sarcoma. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lisebenzisa lolu lwazi ukwenza uhlelo lokwelashwa.
Isampula yamaseli ekhanda izohlonzwa elabhoratri ukuze ithole ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ze-DNA ezisemaseleni. Amaseli e-Ewing sarcoma ngokuyinhloko anazo izinguquko ku-jini le-EWSR1. Ngokuvamile i-jini le-EWSR1 lihlangana nelinye i-jini elibizwa nge-FLI1. Lokhu kudala i-jini elisha elibizwa nge-EWS-FLI1.
Ukuhlola amaseli ekhanda ngalezi zinguquko ze-jini kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa kwakho.
Ukwelashwa
Ukwelapha i-Ewing sarcoma kuvame ukubandakanya i-chemotherapy nokuhlinzwa. Ukuthi yikuphi ukwelapha okuzokuqala kuya kuxhomeka esimweni sakho. Ezinye izinketho zokwelapha zingabandakanya i-radiation therapy ne-targeted therapy. I-Chemotherapy iwelapha umdlavuza ngemithi enamandla. I-Chemotherapy ngezinye izikhathi isebenziswa njengokwelapha okuqala kwe-Ewing sarcoma. Imithi inganciphisa umdlavuza. Lokho kwenza kube lula ukususa umdlavuza ngokuhlinzwa noma ukuqondiswa yi-radiation therapy. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma i-radiation therapy, ukwelashwa kwe-chemotherapy kungase kusetshenziswe ukubulala noma iyiphi iseli yomdlavuza engase ihlale. Ngokudlavuza okuthuthukile okusakazwa kwamanye amalunga omzimba, i-chemotherapy ingasiza ekuqedeni ubuhlungu nasekuthambiseni ukukhula komdlavuza. Umgomo wokuhlinzwa ukususa zonke izicubu zomdlavuza. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Ewing sarcoma kungasho ukususa ingxenye encane yethambo nezinye izicubu ezizungezile. Ngokungavamile, kungasho ukususa ingalo noma umlenze othoniwe. Ukuhlinzwa engalweni noma emilenzeni kungathinta indlela ongasebenzisa ngayo lowo luhlobo. Odokotela abenza ukuhlinzwa bahlela ukuhlinzwa ngokucophelela ukuze banciphise le ngozi, uma kungenzeka. Ukuthi odokotela bangasusa yini wonke umdlavuza ngaphandle kokususa ingalo noma umlenze kuya kuxhomeka ezintweni eziningi. Lezi zibandakanya usayizi womdlavuza, ukuthi ukuphi nokuthi i-chemotherapy iyasisiza yini ukuwunciphisa. I-Radiation therapy iwelapha umdlavuza ngemisebe yamandla amakhulu. Amandla angaphuma ku-X-rays, amaprotoni noma ezinye izinto. Ngesikhathi se-radiation therapy, ulela etafuleni ngenkathi umshini uhamba-hamba ngawe. Umshini uqondisa i-radiation ezintweni ezithile emzimbeni wakho. I-Radiation therapy ingase iphakanyiswe ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukubulala izicubu zomdlavuza ezisele. I-Radiation therapy ingase isetshenziswe esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa uma ukusebenza akunakwenzeka noma uma kungenzeka ukulimaza amalunga aseduze. Isibonelo, uma ukuhlinzwa kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kokulawula kwamathumbu noma kwesisu, i-radiation ingase isetshenziswe esikhundleni salokho. Ngokuqondene ne-Ewing sarcoma ethuthukile, i-radiation therapy ingathuthukisa ukukhula komdlavuza futhi isize ekuqedeni ubuhlungu. I-Targeted therapy yomdlavuza ukwelapha okusebenzisa imithi ehudula izindlela ezithile izicubu zomdlavuza ezingakhula ngazo. Ngokuvimba lezi zinto ezithile ezicubwini, ukwelashwa okuqondiswe kungenza izicubu zomdlavuza zife. Ngokuqondene ne-Ewing sarcoma, abacwaningi bahlola ukusebenzisa i-targeted therapy uma umdlavuza ubuyela noma awuphenduli kweminye imithi. Izivivinyo zeklinikhi yizifundo zokwelapha okusha. Lezi zifundo zinikeza ithuba lokuzama ukwelapha kwamuva. Ingozi yemiphumela emibi ingase ingaziwa. Buza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma wena noma ingane yakho ningase nijoyine isifundo se-klinikhi. Bhalisa mahhala bese uthola umhlahlandlela ophelele wokubhekana nomdlavuza, kanye nolwazi oluwusizo lokuthola umbono wesibili. Ungakwazi ukuzisusa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokusebenzisa isixhumanisi sokususa i-imeyili. Umhlahlandlela wakho ophelele wokubhekana nomdlavuza uzoba ebhokisini lakho le-imeyili maduze. Uzokwase Ukuxilongwa kwe-Ewing sarcoma kungase kuzwakale kukhulu. Ngesikhathi uzofumana izindlela zokubhekana nokuhlupheka nokungabaza komdlavuza. Kuze kube yilapho, ungase uthole lezi ziqondiso ziwusizo. Buza udokotela wakho noma udokotela wezingane yakho mayelana ne-Ewing sarcoma, kufaka phakathi izinketho zokwelapha. Njengoba ufunda okwengeziwe, ungase uzizwe kangcono ngokwenza izinqumo mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha. Uma ingane yakho ine-Ewing sarcoma, cela iqembu lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuba likukhokhele ekukhulumeni nengane yakho ngomdlavuza ngendlela enhle ingane yakho engayiqonda. Ukugcina ubuhlobo bakho obuseduze buqinile kuzokusiza ukuba ubhekane ne-Ewing sarcoma. Abangane nomndeni bangasiza ngezinto zansuku zonke, njengokusiza ukunakekela ikhaya lakho uma ingane yakho isesibhedlela. Bangasebenza njengesekeli yothando uma uzizwa sengathi ubhekene nokuningi kunalokho ongakubhekana nakho. Ukukhuluma nomxhumanisi, umsebenzi wokuxhumana kwezokwelapha, i-psychologist noma omunye ochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo kungakusiza wena noma ingane yakho. Cela iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo izinketho zokusekelwa kwempilo yengqondo kwena kanye nengane yakho. Ungabuye uhlole ku-inthanethi inhlangano yomdlavuza, njenge-American Cancer Society, enezinsizakalo zokusekela.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.