Ukuthi yini Ukuvuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuvuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera (FMF) kuyisimo sezofuzo esibangela ukubuyela kwesikhathi esithile komkhuhlane nokuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho wonke. Cabanga ngakho njengesistimu yakho yokulwa nezifo ephazamisekile okwesikhashana futhi idala ukuvuvukala ngisho noma kungekho luvalo olukhulu lokulwa nalo.

Lesi simo sibathinta ikakhulukazi abantu abanesizwe saseMedithera, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, noma eNyakatho Afrika. Lezi zikhathi zifika zihamba ngokungalindelekile, kodwa ngokwelashwa okuqondile, abantu abaningi abane-FMF bangaphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngokuphelele.

Ukuthi yini Ukuvuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera?

I-FMF iyisifo sokuvuvukala okuzenzakalelayo esithinta indlela umzimba wakho olawula ngayo ukuvuvukala. Ngokungafani nezifo zokulwa nezifo lapho isistimu yakho yokulwa nezifo ihlasela izicubu ezinempilo, izimo zokuvuvukala okuzenzakalelayo zihilela inqubo yemvelo yokuqabula umzimba wakho ehlala ivaliwe "ku-on" position.

Lesi simo lithola igama lawo ngoba saqale kwabonwa emindenini evela ezindaweni zaseMedithera. Kodwa-ke, manje siyazi ukuthi singathinta abantu abavela ezingeni ezahlukene zezinhlanga, nakuba sisalokhu sivame kakhulu kubantu abathile.

Phakathi nesikhathi se-FMF, umzimba wakho ukhulula iprotheni eningi kakhulu ebangela ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kuholela ekukhuleni okuhlungu esiswini, esifubeni, ezinhlangothini, noma kwezinye izindawo. Phakathi kwezikhathi, uzizwa uphilile ngokuphelele.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuVuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera?

Izimpawu ze-FMF zivele ngokuzumayo futhi zingakwenza uzizwe ungaphili kahle izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba zinyamalale ngokuphelele. Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nesikhathi sabo sokuqala besebantwaneni noma besebasha, nakuba izimpawu zingaqala kunoma yimuphi ubudala.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo phakathi nesikhathi se-FMF:

• Ukuqabuka okuphezulu (ngokuvamile 101-104°F) okuphela izinsuku eziyi-1-3
• Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu obuzwakala njengobunxephezo
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obukhulu lapho kuphefumula khulu
• Ubuhlungu bezinhlangothi nokuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi emadoyeni, ezinqenqemeni, noma ezinqenqemeni
• Isikhumba esibomvu, esibuhlungu ezinyaweni zakho
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha emzimbeni wakho wonke

Into enzima mayelana ne-FMF ukuthi izimpawu zingase zihluke kakhulu phakathi kwabantu ngisho naphakathi kwezikhathi kumuntu oyedwa. Abanye abantu bathola ubuhlungu besisu, kanti abanye bathola izimpawu eziningi zezinhlangothi noma zesifuba.

Izimpawu ezingavamile zingafaka izingcindezi, ukukhathala okuphela ngaphezu kwesikhathi, futhi ngokungavamile, ukuvuvukala eduze kwenhliziyo noma engqondweni. Lezi zikhathi ngokuvamile ziyaphela zodwa phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, zikushiya uzizwa uphilile ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho elandelayo lifika.

Yini ebangela Ukuvuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera?

I-FMF ibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-gene ebizwa nge-MEFV, enikeza imiyalo yokwenza iprotheni ebizwa nge-pyrin. Le protheni isebenza njengomlindi wokuphepha emagumbini akho, ikusiza ulawule izimpendulo zokuvuvukala.

Uma i-gene ye-MEFV inokuqulwa, ikhiqiza iprotheni ye-pyrin engasebenzi kahle engalawuli ukuvuvukala kahle. Lokhu kuholela ezikhathini lapho ukuvuvukala kuqalwa khona ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi usongo olukhulu, kubangela izimpawu ezibuhlungu ozibona.

Uzuza i-FMF kubazali bakho kulokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi "i-autosomal recessive" pattern. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga ukuthola ikhophi eguquliwe ye-gene umama wakho nobaba wakho ukuze uthuthukise lesi simo. Uma uzuza ikhophi eyodwa eguquliwe, ngokuvamile ungumthwali ongenazo izimpawu.

Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu base-Armenia, eTurkey, e-Arab, eJuda (ikakhulukazi iSephardic), nezinye izizwe zaseMedithera. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwezofuzo kuye kwembula ukuthi i-FMF ingase ibe khona kubantu abavela ezingeni ezahlukene zezinhlanga.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela ngokuVuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezikhathi ezivamile zokukhulu komkhuhlane ongaqondakali kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, esifubeni, noma ezinhlangothini. Abantu abaningi abane-FMF baqala becabanga ukuthi banobunxephezo noma enye isimo esibuhlungu ngoba ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu kangaka.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu ngomkhuhlane, njengoba lokhu kungase kubonise isimo esibuhlungu esidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Kuhlale kungcono ukuba oqaphile ngezimpawu ezinkulu zesisu.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela iphethini yezimpawu ezivamile ezibonakala zifika zihamba ngaphandle kokucaciswa. Gcina idayari yezimpawu ubhale lapho izikhathi zifika khona, isikhathi eside zingakanani, kanye nezimpawu ozibona. Lolu lwazi luzoba usizo kakhulu kudoctor wakho.

Uma unomlando womndeni we-FMF futhi uqala ukuhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifanayo, khuluma ngalolu xhumano nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Umlando womndeni ungasheshisa kakhulu inqubo yokuxilonga.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi zokuVuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera?

Imbangela enkulu yengozi ye-FMF ukuba nabazali abaphethe ukuguqulwa kwezofuzo, ikakhulukazi uma bobabili abazali bangabathwali. Isizwe sakho siphinde sidlale indima ebalulekile ekuqondeni amazinga akho engozi.

Nazi izimbangela eziyinhloko zengozi ezandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-FMF:

• IsiZulu saseMedithera, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, noma eNyakatho Afrika
• Umlando womndeni we-FMF noma imkhuhlane evamile engaqondakali
• Bobabili abazali bangabathwali bokuguqulwa kwe-MEFV gene
• IsiZulu sase-Armenia, eTurkey, e-Arab, noma iSephardic Jewish
• Abazali abahlobene (consanguinity)

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuba nalezi zimbangela zengozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile nge-FMF. Abantu abaningi abanesizwe saseMedithera abakhulumi lesi simo, futhi abanye abantu abangenazo izimbangela zengozi ezicacile bangase bathinteke.

Ubudala abukona imbangela yengozi ngoba i-FMF iyizofuzo, kodwa izimpawu ngokuvamile zivela okokuqala ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abaziboni izikhathi zabo zokuqala kuze kube kamuva ekuphileni.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zokuVuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera?

Ngesikhathi izikhathi ze-FMF ziziphela futhi ziyaphela zodwa, lesi simo singaletha izinhlanganisela ezinkulu zesikhathi eside uma singalashwa. Inhlanganisela ephambili ukukhula kwe-amyloidosis, isimo lapho amaprotheni angavamile akha khona ezingutsheni zakho.

Nazi izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke nge-FMF engalashwanga:

• I-Amyloidosis ethinta izinkulungwane, inhliziyo, noma ezinye izitho
• I-Chronic kidney disease noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• Izinkinga zokungakhulekeli kubantu besilisa nabesifazane
• Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kwezinhlangothi ne-arthritis
• Ukuhlanganiswa esiswini okuvela ekuvuvukaleni okuphindaphindayo

I-Amyloidosis iyinkinga enkulu kakhulu ngoba ingalimaza izinkulungwane zakho unomphela futhi ibe yingozi ekuphileni. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kubangela umzimba wakho ukuba ukhiqize amaprotheni angavamile ahlanganiswa ezingutsheni zakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okuqondile ngemithi kungavimbela lezi zinhlelo kubantu abaningi. Ukulandelela njalo yiqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala zezinhlelo ngaphambi kokuba zibe yizinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukuthi yini ukuxilongwa kwe-Familial Mediterranean Fever?

Ukuxilonga i-FMF kungaba inselele ngoba ayikho i-test eyodwa eqinisekisa lesi simo. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoqala ngokuthatha umlando ophelele wezimpawu zakho nomlando womndeni wakho, ukunaka ikakhulukazi iphethini yezikhathi zakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwezofuzo yindlela ethembekile kakhulu yokuxilonga i-FMF. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlolwa okulula kwegazi olufuna ukuguqulwa kwe-MEFV gene. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abane-FMF abanayo ukuguqulwa okubonakalayo, ngakho udokotela wakho angase alokhu ekuxilongile ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nomlando womndeni wakho.

Phakathi nesikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ayalele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole izimpawu zokuvuvukala, njengokwanda kwenani lamaseli egazi amhlophe noma ukwanda kwezimpawu zokuvuvukala. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kodwa azixilongi ngokuqondile i-FMF.

Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise izindinganiso zokwelapha eziqala izinto ezinjengomlando wakho, umlando womndeni, iphethini yezimpawu, nokuphendula kwemithi ethile. Ngezinye izikhathi, indlela obuyisile ngayo emithini ebizwa nge-colchicine ingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa.

Ukuthi yini ukwelashwa kwe-Familial Mediterranean Fever?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-FMF yimithi ebizwa nge-colchicine, oyithatha nsuku zonke ukuvimbela izikhathi ezingase zenzeke. Le mithi iye yasetshenziswa amashumi eminyaka futhi isebenza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni kokubili ubukhulu nobunzima bezikhathi ze-FMF.

I-Colchicine isebenza ngokuphazamisa inqubo yokuqabula ebangela izimpawu ze-FMF. Abantu abaningi badinga ukuyithatha nsuku zonke, ngisho noma bezizwa bephilile ngokuphelele, ukuvimbela izikhathi ezingase zenzeke. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokuvamile iphephile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala nge-dose ephansi futhi uyilungise kancane kancane ngokuya ngokuthi uyaphendula kangcono nokuthi uhlangabezana yini nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezihambisana nazo. Izingozi ezivamile yizinkinga zokugaya ukudla njengokuhlanza noma ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, okuvame ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kubantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela i-colchicine noma abaphenduli kahle kuyo, imithi emisha ebizwa nge-biologics ingase ibe usizo. Lokhu kufaka imithi efana ne-anakinra, i-canakinumab, noma i-rilonacept, eziqondisa izingxenye ezithile zenqubo yokuqabula.

Phakathi kwezikhathi ezibuhlungu, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukwelashwa okwengeziwe njengemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala noma imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ukuze ukhululeke kakhulu ngesikhathi lesikhathi siqhubeka.

Ukuthi ungaphatha kanjani Ukuvuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera ekhaya?

Ukuthatha imithi yakho ye-colchicine njalo yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ekhaya ukuze uphathe i-FMF. Yenza uhlelo lwansuku zonke noma sebenzisa izikhumbuzo zephilisi ukuze ukukhumbule, ngoba ukweqa ama-doses kungaletha izikhathi ezingeze zenzeke.

Phakathi nesikhathi, ukuphumula kubalulekile ekusizeni umzimba wakho ukuba uthole amandla. Ungazizwa unecala ngokuthatha isikhathi emsebenzini noma esikoleni lapho uhlangabezana nokuqabuka kwe-FMF. Umzimba wakho udinga amandla ukulwa nokuvuvukala.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokuphatha ekhaya ezingasiza:

• Faka ama-heat pads ezinhlangothini noma emisipha ebuhlungu
• Hlala unamanzi amaningi, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezikhathi zokukhulu komkhuhlane
• Dla ukudla okulula, okulula ukukugaya phakathi kwezikhathi
• Gcina idayari yezimpawu ukuze ulandelele izindlela nezici
• Thola ukulala okwanele futhi ulawule amazinga engcindezi
• Landela njalo neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izici ezithile njengengcindezi, ukugula, noma ukungabi nakho kokulala kungase kuqalise izikhathi. Nakuba ungakwazi ukugwema njalo lezi zici, ukuqaphela zona kungakusiza ukuba ulungiselele futhi ulawule isimo sakho kangcono.

Hlala uxhumene nabanye abantu abane-FMF ngamaqembu wokusekela noma imiphakathi e-online. Ukwabelana ngamava nezeluleko nabanye abantu abaqonda lokho okukuzwayo kungaba usizo kakhulu ekuphileni kwakho kwengqondo.

Ukuthi kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, dala isikhathi esiningi sezimpawu zakho kufaka phakathi lapho izikhathi zifika khona, isikhathi eside zingakanani, kanye nezimpawu ozibona. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde iphethini yakho ethile ye-FMF.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke imithi oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kokubhalwa kwemithi kanye nezinye izinto. Buthana nanoma yiluphi ulwazi lomlando womndeni mayelana nezihlobo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo noma ezixilongiwe i-FMF.

Bhala imibuzo ethile ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho, njengokukhathazeka ngezinketho zokwelashwa, izingozi ezihambisana nazo, noma indlela i-FMF engase ithonye ngayo impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Unganqikazi ukucela incazelo uma kukhona okungacaci.

Uma kungenzeka, letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani e-appointment yakho. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa, ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa ucindezelekile ngokuxilongwa noma izinketho zokwelashwa.

Yini okuyisifundo esiyinhloko mayelana nokuVuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera?

I-FMF iyisimo sezofuzo esilawuleka esibangela ukubuyela kwesikhathi esithile komkhuhlane nokuvuvukala, kodwa ngokwelashwa okuqondile, ungaphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngokuphelele. Okubalulekile ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthola uhlelo olufanele lwemithi nokulandela njalo.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni izinhlanganisela ezinkulu njenge-amyloidosis. Uma ucindezela ukuthi ungase ube ne-FMF ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nomlando womndeni wakho, ungalindi ukufuna ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-FMF akukukubeki noma ukulinganiselwe yilokho ongakukwazi ukukufinyelela ekuphileni. Abantu abaningi abanesimo esinjalo bahola impilo esebenzayo, ezele ngemisebenzi, imindeni, nezinto abazithandayo. Okubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba kuyalelwe futhi uhlale uxhumana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuVuvukala Kwemvelo YaseMedithera

Ingase iphiliswe ngokuphelele i-FMF?

I-FMF ayikwazi ukupheliswa ngoba iyisimo sezofuzo, kodwa ingaphathwa kahle ngemithi. Abantu abaningi abathatha i-colchicine njalo bahlangabezana nezikhathi ezimbalwa noma azikho futhi bangaphila impilo evamile ngokuphelele. Imithi ayilungi luvalo olukhulu lwezofuzo, kodwa ivikela izimpawu ezingase zenzeke.

Ingabe abantwana bami bazuzela i-FMF uma nginayo?

Abantwana bakho banesihloko sokuzuza i-FMF, kodwa kuncike ekutheni umlingani wakho ungumthwali wokuguqulwa kwezofuzo. Uma nguwe kuphela onayo i-FMF, abantwana bakho bazoba abathwali kodwa ngokuvamile ngeke bathuthukise izimpawu. Uma wena nomlingani wakho niphethe ukuguqulwa, umntwana ngamunye unesihloko se-25% sokuthuthukisa i-FMF. Ukubonisana kwezofuzo kungakusiza ukuthi uqonde izingozi ezithile zomndeni wakho.

Ingabe ingcindezi noma ukudla kungase kuqalise izikhathi ze-FMF?

Ngesikhathi izikhathi ze-FMF zibonakala zingahleliwe, abanye abantu baqaphela ukuthi ingcindezi, ukugula, ukungabi nakho kokulala, noma ukudla okuthile kungase kuqalise izikhathi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zici zihluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, futhi izikhathi eziningi zenzeka ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isizathu esicacile. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha imithi yakho njalo kunokuzimasa ukugwema izici ezingase zenzeke.

Ingabe kuphephile ukukhulelwa uma nginayo i-FMF?

Abesifazane abaningi abane-FMF bangaba nokukhulelwa okuhle, okuhle. I-Colchicine ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengaphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa, futhi odokotela abaningi bayikhuthaza ukuqhubeka ukuvimbela izikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uxoxe ngesimo sakho esithile nodokotela wakho we-FMF nodokotela wakho we-obstetrician ngaphambi kokuzimasa ukukhulelwa ukuze uqinisekise ukunakekelwa okuhle kokubili wena nomntanakho.

Izikhathi ze-FMF zivame kangakanani ukwenzeka?

Ukuvamile kwezikhathi ze-FMF kuhluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu futhi kungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, abanye abantu banesikhathi masonto onke kanti abanye bangase baye izinyanga phakathi kwezikhathi. Ngokwelashwa okuqondile kwe-colchicine, abantu abaningi banesikhathi esincane kakhulu noma azikho nhlobo. Ukugcina idayari yezimpawu kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqonde iphethini yenu ethile futhi nilungise ukwelashwa ngokufanele.