Ukuwela Kwelinye Unyawu: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu yisimo lapho uhlushwa khona ukuphakamisa ingxenye yangaphambili yenyawu yakho, okwenza lihudule noma liqhaqe emhlabathini lapho uhamba. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imisipha ephakamisa unyawu yakho ibuthakathaka noma ivalekile, ngokuvamile ngenxa yomonakalo wezinzwa noma izinkinga zemisipha.

Nakuba ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kungase kuzwakale kukhathaza lapho kwenzeka okokuqala, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izimo eziningi zingaphathwa ngempumelelo. Lesi simo sithinta abantu bazo zonke izinsuku futhi singaba sesikhashana noma sahlala njalo, kuye ngokuthi yini elibangela.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuwela kwelinye unyawu?

Isici esibonakalayo kakhulu sokuwela kwelinye unyawu ukubuthakathaka ekuphakamiseni unyawu lwakho emadolweni, okwenza iminwe ibonakale iwele phansi. Ungase uqaphele lokhu lapho uzama ukuhamba ngokujwayelekile futhi unyawu lwakho lubonakala “luqhaqa” emhlabathini kuzo zonke izinyathelo.

Nawa zimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukuhudula unyawu lwakho noma iminwe yakho emhlabathini lapho uhamba
• Ukuhamba ngokuphakamisa ihlombe (ukuphakamisa ihlombe lakho phezulu kunokujwayelekile ukuze uhlanze umhlaba)
• Isandi sokuqhaqa lapho unyawu lwakho liqhaqa emhlabathini
• Ukubuthakathaka phezulu kwenyawu lakho neminwe
• Ubuthakathaka enyaweni yakho nasemadolweni
• Ukubuthakathaka ekuhambeni ngezithende zakho
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuthuthumela njalo

Abanye abantu nabo bahlushwa ukungcangcazela noma ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwephutha lolunywenu oluphansi naphezulu kwenyawu lwabo. Lezi mizwa zingaba zithambile noma zibonakale kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile zihambisana nobunzima bokuhamba.

Yini ebangela ukuwela kwelinye unyawu?

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kwenzeka lapho kukhona okuthinta inzwa elawula imisipha ephonswe ukuphakamisa unyawu lwakho. Isizathu esivamile kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwenuzwa ye-peroneal, ehamba ohlangothini lwephutha lolunywenu oluphansi ngaphansi kwekhaleni.

Ake sibheke izizathu ezahlukene zokuthi lokhu kwenzeke kanjani, siqale ngezimbangela ezivamile:

• Ucindezelo lwenzwa ngokweqa imilenze yakho njalo noma ukuhlala phansi isikhathi eside
• Izinhlungu zokuthatha indawo yekhaleni noma yeqolo
• Umonakalo wezinzwa obuhambisana nesifo sikashukela
• Isifo sokuqhaqhazela esithinta izindawo zobuchopho eziqondisa ukuhamba kwemilenze
• I-disc ephukile emuva ephansi ecindezela izimpande zezinzwa
• Izifo zemisipha njenge-muscular dystrophy
• I-multiple sclerosis

Ngokungavamile, ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kungase kubangelwe izimo ezingathi sína. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulimala komgogodla, iziphumu ebuchosheni, noma izifo ezithile zofuzo ezithinta umsebenzi wezinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuphumula embhedeni isikhathi eside noma ukugqoka i-cast eqinile kungase futhi kucikinye inzwa isikhashana.

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela abakwazi ukubona imbangela ethile, okuthiwa yi-idiopathic foot drop. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kukhungathekisa, izimo eziningi zalezi ziphendula kahle ekwelapheni.

Nini okumele ubheke udokotela ngokuwela kwelinye unyawu?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela ngokushesha lapho uqaphela izimpawu zokuwela kwelinye unyawu, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zivele ngokuzumayo. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukuletha imiphumela emihle, ngakho ungalindi ukubona ukuthi kuzothuthuka yini ngokwalo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kwenzeka kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu emuva, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula kwesisu noma kwesisu, noma ubuthakathaka kuwo womabili imilenze. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise inkinga enkulu yomgogodla edinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zithambile, kufanele uhlolwe. Udokotela wakho angabona ukuthi yini ebangela inkinga futhi aqale ukwelashwa okufanele ngaphambi kokuba isimo sikhulu.

Ziyini izinto ezikhulayo ezingozi zokuwela kwelinye unyawu?

Izinto ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa ukuwela kwelinye unyawu. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela lapho kungenzeka.

Izinto ezikhulayo ezingozi ezivamile zifaka:

• Isifo sikashukela, esingalimaza izinzwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuqhekeka kwemilenze njalo noma izikhundla zokuhlala phansi isikhathi eside
• Ukuhlinzwa kwamuva kwezinhlungu, iqoqo, noma umgogodla
• Ukuba unqunu kakhulu, njengoba lokhu kunikeza ukugqoka okuncane ezindaweni ezinzwa
• Ukugqoka izicathulo eziqinile noma ama-cast acindezelayo umlenze
• Umlando wokuqhaqhazela noma izimo zezinzwa
• Iminyaka engaphezu kuka-50, lapho izinkinga zezinzwa ziqala khona ukuba khona

Abantu abasebenza emisebenzini edinga ukuqhwagqwaza noma ukuhlala phansi isikhathi eside, njengabafaki bemakhethi noma abalimi, bangase babe nobungozi obukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abanezimo zokuziphatha noma umlando womndeni wezifo zezinzwa kufanele baqaphele ngokukhethekile izimpawu zokuwela kwelinye unyawu.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zokuwela kwelinye unyawu?

Nakuba ukuwela kwelinye unyawu ngokwalo kungesona isongo elikhulu empilweni, kungase kube nezinkinga eziningana uma kushiywa kungaphathwa. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kakhulu ukwanda komngcipheko wokuwa ngenxa yokuthuthumela unyawu lwakho oluhudula.

Nawa izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona okumele uzazi:

• Ukwanda komngcipheko wokuwa nokulimala okungenzeka
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obuhlala njalo uma umonakalo wezinzwa uqhubeka
• Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo obuvela ezindleleni zokuhamba eziqondene
• Izinkinga zezinhlungu, amadolo, noma emuva ezivela ekuhambeni okuguqukile
• Ukuncipha kokunyakaza nokuzimela
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba ngokuhudula unyawu

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlanganisela eziningi zalezi zingavikeleka ngokwelashwa okufanele namadivayisi asekelayo. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kunciphise kakhulu umngcipheko wezinkinga zesikhathi eside.

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kunohlulwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola unyawu lwakho nomlenze wakho, ubuke indlela ohamba ngayo futhi uhlole amandla emisipha yakho. Bazohlola futhi ukubuthakathaka futhi babuze ngesikhathi izimpawu zakho zaqala futhi yini engase iziqalise.

Izivivinyo eziningana zingasiza ukubona imbangela eqondile yokuwela kwelinye unyawu. Uvivinyo lwe-electromyography (EMG) luqapha umsebenzi wamagetsi emisipha yakho futhi lungabonisa ukuthi izinzwa zisebenza kahle yini. Izifundo zokuphatha kwezinzwa ziqapha ukuthi izibonakaliso zihamba ngokushesha kangakanani ngezinzwa zakho.

Izivivinyo zokuthatha izithombe ezifana nama-X-ray, i-MRI, noma i-CT scans kungase kudingeke ukubuka izinkinga zesakhiwo emgogodleni wakho, ekhaleni, noma emathanjeni emlenze. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza udokotela wakho ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini okucindezela izinzwa zakho noma uma kunomonakalo emizileni yezinzwa ebuchosheni lakho noma emgogodleni wakho.

Ukuphathwa kokuwela kwelinye unyawu kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kokuwela kwelinye unyawu kuncike kulokho okubangelayo nokuthi ube nezimpawu isikhathi esingakanani. Umgomo ukulungisa ikhono lakho lokuhamba nokuvimbela izinhlanganisela ngenkathi uqaphela imbangela ehlala njalo.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lungafaka izindlela eziningana:

• I-Ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) - i-brace esekela unyawu lwakho
• Ukuphathwa komzimba ukuqinisa imisipha nokuthuthukisa ibhalansi
• Amadivayisi okukhuthaza izinzwa zamagetri
• Ukuqhafaza kwama-steroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• Ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa izinzwa ezonakele noma ukudlulisa ama-tendons
• Ukuphathwa kwezimo ezihlala njalo ezifana nesifo sikashukela

Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka ngokwelashwa okuqondene nokugqoka i-brace nokuphathwa komzimba. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukucatshangelwa kuphela lapho ukwelashwa okunye kungasizanga futhi inkinga ehlala njalo ingalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa.

Isikhathi sokwelashwa kubalulekile kakhulu. Uma ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kubanjwe kwasekuqaleni futhi inzwa ayilimalanga kakhulu, unethuba elihle lokuphinda uthole umsebenzi ojwayelekile.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuwela kwelinye unyawu ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kochwepheshe kubalulekile, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usize ukuphatha ukuwela kwelinye unyawu nokuvimbela izinhlanganisela. Lezi zindlela zigxile ekuphepheni nasekugcineni ukunyakaza kwakho.

Nawa amasu okulawula ekhaya awusizo:

• Susa izinto eziqhaqhazela ezifana nama-rugs ahlangene nama-cords kagesi
• Faka ukukhanya okuhle ezindaweni ezihamba ngazo nasezitebhini
• Gqoka i-brace yakho ebekiwe njalo
• Yenza imisebenzi ebekiwe ukuze ugcine amandla emisipha
• Sebenzisa ama-handrails lapho kungenzeka
• Cabanga ukusebenzisa i-cane noma i-walker uma kunconywe
• Gcina izinyawo zakho zicocekile futhi uhlole ukulimala nsuku zonke

Qaphela ngokukhethekile ukunakekelwa kwenyawo lakho njengoba ungase ungazizwa ukulimala ngokushesha. Hlola unyawu lwakho nsuku zonke ukuze ubone ukukhahlela, ama-blisters, noma ukuvuvukala, futhi ugcine iminwe yakho iqoshwe ukuvimbela iminwe ehlala njalo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungasiza udokotela wakho ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuchane kanye nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa oluhle kuwe. Cabanga ngesikhathi izimpawu zakho zaqala futhi lokho obekwenza lapho uqaphela okokuqala.

Ngaphambi kokuvakashela kwakho, bhala izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi lapho zenzeka khona nokuthi yini ezizenza zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi. Yenza uhlu lwawo wonke amaphilisi kanye nezinye izinto ozithathayo, njengoba ezinye zingase zithinte umsebenzi wezinzwa.

Letha uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi yini engase ibe yimbangela yokuwela kwelinye unyawu, yiziphi izivivinyo ongazenza, kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa ezikhona. Unganqikazi ukubuza ngesikhathi esilindelekile sokuphulukisa nalokho ongakwenza ukuze usize inqubo yokwelapha.

Iyini into ebalulekile ngokuwela kwelinye unyawu?

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu yisimo esingaphathwa esingadingeki silimise ukunyakaza kwakho njalo. Nakuba kungase kukhathaze lapho kuqala ukuthuthuka, abantu abaningi bayaphinde bathole umsebenzi obalulekile ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuphathwa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha lapho uqaphela izimpawu. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kuvame ukuletha imiphumela emihle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kwesikhashana noma kudinga ukuphathwa isikhathi eside.

Khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa ekubhekaneni nalesi simo. Ngokuhlanganiswa okulungile kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, amadivayisi asekelayo, kanye nokulungiswa kwesitayela sempilo, abantu abaningi abane-foot drop bangqhubeka bephila impilo esebenzayo, ezele.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo ngokuwela kwelinye unyawu

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kwami kuzohamba ngokwalo?

Ezinye izimo zokuwela kwelinye unyawu ziyathuthuka ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma zibangelwa ukucindezelwa kwenuzwa okwesikhashana. Noma kunjalo, izimo eziningi zidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela umonakalo ohlala njalo. Kungcono ukubona udokotela kunokulinda futhi uthemba ukuthi kuzothuthuka ngokwalo.

Ngingasaphatha yini imoto ngokuwela kwelinye unyawu?

Lokhu kuncike kunyawu elithintekile nobunzima besimo sakho. Uma unyawu lwakho lokunene lune-foot drop, ukushayela kungase kube yingozi. Udokotela wakho angahlola isimo sakho esithile futhi angase ancomele izinto zokusekela noma imikhawulo. Ungalokothi ushayele uma uzizwa ungaphephile noma awukwazi ukusebenzisa ama-pedals kahle.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuze ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kuphele?

Isikhathi sokuphulukisa sihluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi yini ebangela nobunzima bomonakalo wezinzwa. Abanye abantu baqaphela ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamasonto, kanti abanye bangathatha izinyanga noma bangase babe nezinguquko ezihlala njalo. Izinzwa ziyaphuka kancane, ngokuvamile zikhula ngesivinini esilingana ne-intshi eyodwa ngenyanga.

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kubuthathaka yini?

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu ngokwalo ngokuvamile akubuthathaki, kodwa isimo esibangela singase sibe njalo. Abanye abantu bahlushwa ukubuthakathaka, ukungcangcazela, noma ubuhlungu emlenzeni othontekile nenyawu. Ubuhlungu obuvela ekuqondeni ngendlela yokuhamba eguqukile buvame futhi.

Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kungase kwenzeke kuwo womabili imilenze?

Yebo, nakuba kungavamile kunokuthi kube yinyawu eyodwa kuphela. Ukuwela kwelinye unyawu kokubili imilenze kuvame ukubonisa isimo esingathi sína esithinta umgogodla, ubuchopho, noma izinzwa eziningi. Lesi simo sidinga ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze kutholakale imbangela nokuphathwa okufanele.