Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kuyisimo sokuqina kwamehlo esithinta i-cornea, ingxenye ecacile yamehlo akho. Kwenzeka lapho amaseli akhethekile okuthiwa amaseli e-endothelial emuva kwe-cornea eqala ukungasebenzi kahle, okubangela ukwakheka kwamanzi nokwenza ukubona kwakho kube mnyama noma buthakathaka.

Lesi simo sivame ukuqala kancane eminyakeni eminingi, sivame ukuqala eminyakeni engu-40 noma engu-50. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kukhathaza, abantu abaningi abane-Fuchs' dystrophy bagcina ukubona okuhle iminyaka eminingi ngokunakekelwa okuhle nezinketho zokwelapha ezitholakala uma kudingeka.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Izimpawu zokuqala zokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs zivame ukuqala kancane kangangokuba ungase ungaziboni ngokushesha. Ukubona kwakho kungase kubonakale kuhlanzekile ekuseni, bese kucaceka njengoba usuku luqhubeka.

Ake siqonde izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo, siqale ngezivamile kakhulu:

• Ukubona okungacace noma okumnyama, ikakhulukazi uma uvuka
• Ukukhanya nokuzwela ekukhanyeni okukhulu
• Ukubona ama-halos ezibani, ikakhulukazi ebusuku
• Amehlo azizwa ehlanzekile noma engahambi kahle
• Ukubona okuhlukahlukene usuku lonke
• Ubunzima bokuqonda kahle ezimweni zokukhanya okuncane

Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, ungase uqaphele ukuthi ukubona kwakho kuhlala kumnyama isikhathi eside usuku lonke. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa amabhebhe amancane, abuhlungu ebusweni bamehlo abo, nakuba lokhu kwenzeka ezinyathelweni eziphambili.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ukuqiniswa okukhulu kwe-Fuchs kungabangela ukulahleka okukhulu kokubona okuthinta imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokufunda noma ukuqhuba. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile, udokotela wakho angaqapha noma yikuphi ukuguquka futhi ancoma ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zibe zinkulu.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kuhlukaniswe ngokuvamile zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi kuqala nini nokuthi kubangelwa yini. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukuyo kusiza udokotela wakho ukuhlela indlela engcono kakhulu yokunakekelwa kwakho.

Uhlobo oluqala ngokushesha, oluthiwa i-Fuchs' dystrophy 1, luvamise ukuvela ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40. Lolu hlobo luvamise ukudluliselwa, okusho ukuthi luya emindenini ngezinguquko ezithile ze-genetic. Abantu abalolu hlobo bavame ukuba nomlando womndeni wesimo.

Uhlobo oluqala kamuva, olukwaziwa ngokuthi i-Fuchs' dystrophy 2, luvame kakhulu futhi luvamise ukuvela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-40. Lolu hlobo lungaba nezingxenyekazi ze-genetic, kodwa izici zemvelo nokuqina kwemvelo zidlalayo indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni kwalo.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo angakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukuyo ngokuhlola ngokucophelela nangokubuza ngomlando womndeni wakho. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukubikezela ukuthi isimo lingaqhubeka kanjani futhi luqondise izinqumo zokwelapha.

Yini ebangela ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kwenzeka lapho amaseli e-endothelial e-cornea yakho eqala ukwehluleka ukupompa amanzi amaningi e-cornea. Cabanga ngala maseli njengezipompo ezincane ezigcina i-cornea yakho icacile futhi inamanzi ngokufanele.

Izici eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekubhujisweni kwala maseli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:

• Ukuguqulwa kwe-genetic okudluliselwa emindenini
• Inkqubo yokuqina kwemvelo ethinta umsebenzi wamaseli
• Ukulimala kwamehlo noma ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili
• Izimo ezithile zokuvuvukala kwamehlo
• Ukuvezwa isikhathi eside ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet

Ezimeni eziningi, imbangela eqondile ayicaci, futhi cishe kuyindlela yokuxuba kokuthambekela kwe-genetic nezici zemvelo ezisebenza ndawonye. Lokho esikwaziyo ukuthi uma la maseli ebulewe, awakwazi ukuzibuyisela noma ukuzilungisa.

Abacwaningi baye baqaphela ama-gene amaningana axhunyaniswe nokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs, ikakhulukazi emindenini lapho amalungu amaningi ethintekile. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nalezi zinguquko ze-genetic akusho ukuthi uzophulaphula lesi simo.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela ngokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Kufanele uhlele ukuhlolwa kwamehlo uma uqaphela ukuguquka kokubona okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi uma ukubona kwakho kubonakala kuhlala kumnyama ekuseni noma uhlangabezana nokuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni. Ukuqaphela kwangaphambili kuvumela ukuqapha kangcono nokuhlela ukwelashwa.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokuguquka kokubona okungazelelwe, ubuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo, noma uma amabhebhe evela ebusweni bamehlo akho. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi isimo siqhubeka noma kukhona izinkinga ezivela.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenamandla, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile kuba kubaluleke kakhulu uma usuqiniswe ngokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs. Udokotela wakho angaqapha ukuguquka kwe-cornea yakho futhi ancome ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zithinte impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Uma unomlando womndeni wokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs, cabanga ukuxoxa lokhu nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile. Bangase bancome ukuqapha okuvamile noma ukwelulekwa kwe-genetic ukukusiza uqonde ingozi yakho.

Ziyini izici ezingozi zokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzophulaphula lesi simo. Ukuqonda ingozi yakho kukusiza uhlale uqaphile ngempilo yamehlo.

Nazi izici eziyinhloko ezingozi okumele uzibone:

• Umlando womndeni wokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs
• Ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-50, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane
• Ubulili besifazane (abesifazane bathinteka kakhulu kunamadoda)
• Ukulimala kwamehlo noma ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili
• Izimo ezithile ze-autoimmune
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwamayeza athile

Iminyaka ingenye yezici eziqine kakhulu ezingozi, ngezimo eziningi ezivela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-50. Abesifazane banethuba elingaphezu kwesibili kunamadoda lokuthuthukisa lesi simo, nakuba abacwaningi abanaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani le mehluko ikhona.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, amayeza athile noma izimo zezokwelapha ezithinta isimiso somzimba zingase zifake isandla ekubhujisweni kwamaseli e-cornea. Udokotela wakho angakusiza uqonde ukuthi izici zakho ezingozi zomuntu ngamunye zingase zithinte kanjani impilo yamehlo akho.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Abantu abaningi abane-Fuchs' dystrophy bahlangabezana nokuqhubeka kancane ngezimpawu ezilawuleka iminyaka eminingi. Noma kunjalo, ukuqonda izinkinga ezingase zenzeke kukusiza uqaphele ukuthi nini kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvuvukala kwe-cornea okubangela izinkinga eziqhubekayo zokubona
• Amabhebhe e-cornea abuhlungu angase aphule
• Ukungena kwe-infection okwandayo uma amabhebhe ephuka
• Ubunzima bokuqhuba ebusuku ngenxa yokukhanya
• Izinselele ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokufunda

Ezimeni eziphambili, ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-cornea kungabangela ukulahleka okukhulu kokubona okuthinta ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa ukuqothulwa kwe-cornea okuphindaphindayo, lapho ingxenye ephezulu ye-cornea iphulaphula khona ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Ngokungavamile, ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs okungaphathwa okuphambili kungabangela ukubola kwe-cornea noma ukulahleka kokubona okumi phakade. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinkinga ezinzima zingavikeleka ngokuqapha okuhle nokwelashwa ngesikhathi.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zingaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele, futhi abantu abaningi bagcina ukubona okuhle okusebenzayo impilo yabo yonke.

Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kunqunywa kanjani?

Ukuqonda ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kuhilela ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwamehlo lapho udokotela wakho ebheka ngokukhethekile impilo nomsebenzi wamaseli akho e-cornea. Inqubo ilula futhi ayibuhlungu.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando womndeni, bese enza ukuhlolwa okuthile. Bazohlola i-cornea yakho ngaphansi kokukhulu ukubona ukuguquka okuqondile kumaseli e-endothelial.

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kokuxilonga kuhlanganisa ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea, ukubala amaseli e-endothelial, nokuhlola ukuthi la maseli asebenza kahle kangakanani. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlole ukubona kwakho ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku njengoba izimpawu zivame ukuhluka.

Ezimeni ezithile, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwezithombe kusiza ukuhlola ubukhulu nokuhlela ukwelashwa. Lezi zivivinyo zenziwa zonke ehhovisi futhi zinikeza imiphumela ngokushesha eqondisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha.

Yini ukwelashwa kokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Ukwelashwa kokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu nasekulondolozeni ukubona kwakho, ngezinketho ezivela ematonini alula amehlo kuya ekuhlinzweni kuye ngokukhulu kwesimo sakho.

Ngezimpawu ezincane kuya ezinkulu, udokotela wakho angase ancome:

• Ama-drops noma ama-ointments e-hypertonic saline ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwe-cornea
• Ukuphefumula ubuso bakho ekuseni ukukusiza uqonde ukubona
• Ukugqoka izibuko lelanga ukunciphisa ukuzwela ekukhanyeni
• Ukusebenzisa izinyembezi ezingokwenziwa ukuze ududuze
• Ukugwema ukuqhwanyaza amehlo ukuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe

Uma ukwelashwa okuqondile kunganelisi, izinketho zokwelapha ziyatholakala. Inqubo evamile kakhulu iwukutshalwa kwe-cornea, lapho ithishu ebulewe ithathelwa indawo yithishu yomnikelo enempilo.

Amathuluzi amanje njenge-DSEK noma i-DMEK athatha indawo kuphela ingxenye yamaseli ethintekile kunokuba kube yi-cornea yonke, okuholela ekuphileni okusheshayo nemiphumela emihle. Lezi zinqubo zinezinga eliphezulu lokwenza kahle futhi zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukubona.

Udokotela wakho uzohlangana nawe ukuze unqume isikhathi esifanele sokungenelela kokwelapha, uqondise izinzuzo ngokumelene nekhwalithi yakho yamanje yempilo nezidingo zokubona.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-Fuchs' dystrophy ekhaya?

Izindlela ezilula eziningi zingakusiza ulawule izimpawu futhi uvikele impilo yamehlo akho phakathi kokuvakashela udokotela. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kangcono uma zixubene nokwelashwa kwakho okunconywe.

Qala usuku lwakho ngokuphumula ubuso bakho ngomoya opholile imizuzu embalwa. Lokhu kusiza ukususa amanzi amaningi e-cornea yakho futhi kungathuthukisa ukucaca kokubona ekuseni.

Vikele amehlo akho ekukhanyeni okukhulu nasekukhanyeni ngokugqoka izibuko lelanga elikhulu ngaphandle nokusebenzisa ukukhanya okumnene ngaphakathi uma kungenzeka. Lokhu kunciphisa ukungakhululeki futhi kukusiza ubone kahle.

Sebenzisa ama-drops amehlo akho acashunwe ngokuqondile njengoba kunconywe, futhi ugcine izinyembezi ezingokwenziwa zitholakale ukuze ududuze usuku lonke. Ukuzinza ngamayeza kusiza ukugcina ukubona okuzinzile.

Gwema ukuqhwanyaza amehlo akho, ngisho noma azizwa ekhathazekile, njengoba lokhu kungenza ukubola kwe-cornea kube kubi. Esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisa ama-compresses apholile noma izinyembezi ezingokwenziwa ezingenamathuluzi ukuze ududuze.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho yamehlo kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphelele kakhulu futhi ubuze yonke imibuzo yakho. Ukuzilungiselela kancane kuhamba ibanga elide.

Bhala izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zenzeka nini, isikhathi eside zingakanani, nokuthi yini ezenza zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi. Qaphela uma ukubona kwakho kuhluka usuku lonke noma ezimweni ezahlukene zokukhanya.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwawo wonke amayeza, izithasiselo, nama-drops amehlo osebenzisa. Faka kokubili imikhiqizo yokwelapha neye-over-the-counter, njengoba amanye angase athinte impilo yamehlo akho.

Bula ulwazi ngomlando wempilo yamehlo yomndeni wakho, ikakhulukazi uma izihlobo zinezinkinga ze-cornea noma izinkinga zokubona. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuhlola izici zakho ezingozi.

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho, izinketho zokwelapha, nokuthi yini okulindelekile kuqhubeke. Unganqikazi ukubuza noma yini ekukhathazayo.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kuyisimo esilawuleka esiqhubeka kancane kubantu abaningi, kukunika wena nodokotela wakho isikhathi sokuhlela amasu okwelapha asebenzayo. Nakuba kudinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, abantu abaningi bagcina ukubona okuhle nekhwalithi yempilo iminyaka eminingi.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukuba uhlale uxhumene neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwamehlo futhi ulandele izincomo zabo zokuqapha nokwelapha. Ukungenelela kwangaphambili kuvame ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu futhi kulondoloze ukubona kwakho isikhathi eside.

Khumbula ukuthi izinketho zokwelapha ziyaqhubeka zithuthuka, futhi amathuluzi okuhlinzwa aye athuthukiswe kakhulu futhi aphumelele. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, abantu abaningi abane-Fuchs' dystrophy bangayaqhubeka benza imisebenzi abayithandayo.

Hlala unethemba futhi uqaphele ngempilo yamehlo akho. Lesi simo siqondwa kahle ochwepheshe bokukhathalela amehlo, futhi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kuyatholakala uma ukudinga.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs

Ingabe ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kudluliselwa?

Yebo, ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kungadluliselwa emindenini, ikakhulukazi uhlobo oluqala ngokushesha oluvela ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nomlando womndeni akusho ukuthi uzophulaphula lesi simo. Izimo eziningi zivela futhi ngaphandle komlando womndeni, ikakhulukazi uhlobo oluvamile oluqala kamuva.

Ngizophulaphula yini ngokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Ukuphulaphula ngokuphelele ngokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kunqabile kakhulu. Nakuba lesi simo singabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokubona uma singaphathwa, ukwelashwa kwamanje kufaka phakathi ukutshalwa kwe-cornea kungabuyisela ukubona okuhle ezimweni eziningi. Ngokuqapha okuhle nokunakekelwa, abantu abaningi bagcina ukubona okusebenzayo impilo yabo yonke.

Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kuqhubeka ngokushesha kangakanani?

Ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kuvame ukuqhubeka kancane eminyakeni eminingi noma ngisho namakhulu eminyaka. Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezincane ezihlala zinzile iminyaka eminingi, ngenkathi abanye bengase bahlangabezane nezinguquko ezibonakalayo kakhulu. Ukuqhubeka kuhluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, kungakho ukuqapha okuvamile kubaluleke kangaka.

Ingabe ukuguqulwa kwesitayela sempilo kunganciphisa ukuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuyeka ukuqhubeka kokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs, imikhuba ethile ingasiza ekuvikeleni impilo yamehlo akho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugqoka ukuvikelwa kwe-UV, ukugwema ukulimala kwamehlo, ukulawula ezinye izimo zezempilo, nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuqhubekayo. Noma kunjalo, ukuqhubeka kwesimo kunqunywa ikakhulukazi izici ze-genetic nezici ze-biological.

Iyini izinga lokwenza kahle lokutshalwa kwe-cornea ngokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs?

Ukutshalwa kwe-cornea ngokuqiniswa kwe-Fuchs kunezinga eliphezulu lokwenza kahle, ngaphezu kuka-90% lwabantu oluthola ukubona okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu. Amathuluzi amanje njenge-DSEK ne-DMEK anezinga eliphezulu lokwenza kahle nezikhathi zokubuyela esimweni esheshayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuqondile okugcwele. Abantu abaningi babuyela emisebenzini yabo evamile ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezimbalwa.