Ukuthi Yini Umdlavuza We-gallbladder? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder uhlobo oluyimfihlo lomdlavuza oluqala ezihlangwini ze-gallbladder yakho, ilungu elincane elinobukhulu be-pear elihleli ngaphansi kwesibindi sakho. Nakuba lokhu kuqapha kungase kubangele ukukhathazeka, ukuqonda ukuthi kusho ukuthini nokuthi yiziphi izinketho ezitholakalayo kungakusiza uzizwe ulungile futhi ulawule.

I-gallbladder yakho igcina i-bile, isithombo sokuhlanza esenziwa yisibindi sakho esisiza ekuqhekeni amafutha ekudleni. Uma umdlavuza ukhula lapha, uqala ngokuvamile ekuqaleni kwe-gallbladder futhi ungasakazeka kancane kancane ezindaweni eziyizindonga uma ungabanjwa ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza we-gallbladder?

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder oqala ngokuvamile awubangeli izimpawu ezibonakalayo, yingakho ngezinye izikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi “umdlavuza othobekile”. Uma izimpawu zivele, zingase zibe zingezinhle futhi zidideke kalula nezinye izinkinga zokugaya ukudla.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu okufanele uzibheke:

• Ubuhlungu besisu, ikakhulukazi ngakwesokudla phezulu lapho i-gallbladder yakho ihlala khona
• Ukuphefumula nokugabha okungapheli
• Ukukhuluphala noma ukuzizwa ugcwele ngemuva kokudla okuncane
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzikhandla ezinyangeni ezimbalwa noma eziningi
• Ukufiphaza kwesikhumba nezinhlangothi zeziso zakho (jaundice)
• Ukuqhuma komkhuhlane okungena nokuphela ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile
• Umyisa omnyama noma izinsalela ezikhanyayo

Abanye abantu nabo baye baba nezimpawu ezingavamile njengokukhazimula kwesikhumba, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, noma i-lump ongayizwa esiswini sakho esiphezulu. Lezi zimpawu zingase zikhule kancane kancane, ngakho ungase ungaziboni ngokushesha.

Khumbula, ukuba nalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi une-umdlavuza we-gallbladder. Izimo eziningi zingabangela imizwa efanayo, kodwa kuhlale kubalulekile ukuxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinguquko eziqhubekayo nodokotela wakho.

Yini ebangela umdlavuza we-gallbladder?

Imbangela eqondile yomdlavuza we-gallbladder ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa ikhula lapho amaseli aphilile e-gallbladder yakho enza izinguquko ku-DNA yawo. Lezi zinguquko zibangela amaseli ukuba akhule ngokungalawuleki futhi akhe i-tumor.

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba alolu shintsho lweselula oluyenzeka:

• Ama-gallstones, ikakhulukazi amakhulu aye khona iminyaka eminingi
• Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kwe-gallbladder (cholecystitis)
• Ama-gallbladder polyps amakhulu kunesisentimitha elilodwa
• I-primary sclerosing cholangitis, isifo esingavamile se-bile duct
• I-Porcelain gallbladder, lapho udonga lwe-gallbladder luqina khona
• Izimo ezithile ze-genetic njenge-Lynch syndrome
• Ukuvezwa ekemikalini ethile embonini ye-rubber noma yempahla

Kwezinye izikhathi ezingavamile, umdlavuza we-gallbladder ungase ukhule ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izici ezaziwayo zengozi. Lokhu akusho ukuthi wenze into engafanele noma ngabe ukube uyiyeke. Umdlavuza ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube khona ngenxa yezinguquko zeselula ezingahleliwe ezenzeka ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuba nesici esisodwa noma ngaphezulu sokutholakala kwengozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula umdlavuza we-gallbladder. Abantu abaningi abanazo izici zengozi abazutholi umdlavuza, kanti abanye abangenazo izici ezaziwayo zengozi bayawuthola.

Ziyini izici zengozi zomdlavuza we-gallbladder?

Izici ezithile zingenza umdlavuza we-gallbladder ube nethuba elikhulu, nakuba ukuba nazo akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile lesi sifo. Ukuqonda ingozi yakho siqu kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezilwemi ngempilo yakho.

Izici zengozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesifazane (abesifazane banethuba elingaphezulu kathathu kuya kwane lokukhula kwalo)
• Iminyaka engaphezulu kuka-65, njengoba ingozi ikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukuba nama-gallstones, ikakhulukazi uma aye khona iminyaka eminingi
• Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kwe-gallbladder okuvela ezifweni eziphindaphindayo
• Ukuba ngumuntu waseMelika waseZizwe, waseMexico, noma waseNingizimu Melika
• Ukukhuluphala, okungase kukhulise ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho wonke
• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza we-gallbladder noma umdlavuza we-bile duct

Izici zengozi ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa ukuba nezimo ezithile ze-genetic, ukusebenza ne-chemicals ethile embonini, noma ukuba nezimo ezingavamile njenge-Caroli disease. Abanye abantu nabo banethuba elikhulu uma beye baba nezifo ze-typhoid noma bephethe ibhaktheriya isikhathi eside.

Uma unezici eziningi zengozi, lokhu akusho ukuthi umdlavuza awunakuqaleka. Abantu abaningi abanazo izici eziningi zengozi bahlala bephilile, kanti ukuhlola nokutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela ngezimpawu zomdlavuza we-gallbladder?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo isikhathi esingaphezulu kwamasonto ambalwa, ikakhulukazi uma zikuphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungasiza ekutholeni izimo ezilawuleka futhi kunikeze ukuthula kwengqondo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela i-jaundice (ukufiphaza kwesikhumba noma amehlo), njengoba lokhu kungase kubonise ukuvimbela e-bile ducts yakho okudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma buhambisana nomkhuhlane, buphinde bube nokubaluleka kokuhlolwa okusheshayo.

Ungakhathazeki ngokuphazamisa udokotela wakho ngezinkathazo. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangathanda ukubheka izimpawu kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kunokulinda zibe zimbi. Uma unemlando womndeni womdlavuza we-gallbladder noma izici eziningi zengozi, khuluma ngalokhu ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho.

Thembani izinzwa zakho ngomzimba wakho. Uma kukhona okuzizwa okuhlukile noma okukukhathazayo, ngisho noma kubonakala kuncane, kufanele ukuxoxe neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zomdlavuza we-gallbladder?

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder ungabangela izinhlanganisela eziningi, ikakhulukazi uma ungatholiwe kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi nini okufanele ufunani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Izinhlanganisela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvimbela i-bile duct, okubangela i-jaundice futhi kungenza kube nezifo ezinkulu
• Ukusa kwezinye izitho eziseduze njengesibindi, i-pancreas, noma isisu esincane
• Ukuvimbela kwamathumbu uma i-tumor ikhula ngokwanele
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obube nzima ukulawula
• Izinkinga zokudla okuvela ekugayeni okubi nasekuthatheni
• Izifo ezi-bile ducts noma i-gallbladder

Ezimweni eziphambili, umdlavuza ungasakazeka ezindaweni ezikude zomzimba wakho nge-lymph system yakho noma i-bloodstream. Lokhu kungase kuthonye amaphaphu akho, amathambo, noma ezinye izitho, nakuba lokhu kungavamile uma umdlavuza ubanjwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.

Abanye abantu baye baba nezinkinga ezivela ekwelapheni ngokwabo, njengengozi yokucutshungulwa noma imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokusebenza eduze nawe ukuze lilawule lezi zinto futhi ligcine ikhwalithi yempilo yakho phakathi nokwelashwa.

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder utholakala kanjani?

Ukuthola umdlavuza we-gallbladder ngokuvamile kuhilela izinyathelo eziningi, kuqale ngengxoxo ephelele yezimpawu zakho nembali yakho yezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzoqhuba ukuhlolwa komzimba, azizwe noma yiziphi izigaxa noma izindawo ezibuhlungu esiswini sakho.

Izivivinyo zegazi zingahlola amazinga aphezulu kwamapuroteni athile (ama-tumor markers) futhi zibuke ukuthi isilondolozi sakho sisebenza kahle kangakanani. Lezi zivivinyo zingabuka futhi izimpawu zesifo noma ukuvuvukala okungase kubonise ezinye izimo.

Izifundo zokuthola izithombe zisiza ekwenzeni izithombe eziningiliziwe ze-gallbladder yakho nezinye izitho eziseduze. I-ultrasound ngokuvamile iyivivinyo lokuqala, njengoba lingena ngaphandle futhi lingathola ama-tumors, ama-gallstones, noma ukwakheka kwamanzi. Ama-CT scans noma ama-MRI scans anikeza izithombe eziningiliziwe futhi angabonisa uma umdlavuza usakazeke.

Kwezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase acele i-biopsy, lapho isampula encane yethishu isuswa khona futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi kwesikrini. Lokhu kungenziwa nge-needle encane eholwa yizithombe, noma ngezinye izikhathi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ingase izizwe isikhathi eside, kodwa yonke ivivivinyo inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile olusiza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuba lenze uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo olufanele isimo sakho esithile.

Yini ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-gallbladder?

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-gallbladder kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kuhlanganise isigaba somdlavuza, impilo yakho yonke, kanye nezifiso zakho siqu. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokusebenza nawe ukwenza uhlelo olunikeza amathuba amahle okuphumelela ngenkathi ligcina ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyilona kwelashwa lokuqala uma umdlavuza ubanjwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi futhi awukahlanganisi ngaphandle kwe-gallbladder. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukususa i-gallbladder kuphela (cholecystectomy) noma, kwezinye izimo eziphambili, ukususa i-liver tissue eseduze nama-lymph nodes futhi.

Ezinye izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• I-Chemotherapy ukunciphisa ama-tumors noma ukubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza emzimbeni wakho wonke
• I-Radiation therapy ukuqondisa amaseli omdlavuza ezindaweni ezithile
• Imithi ye-Targeted therapy ehlasela izici ezithile zamaseli omdlavuza
• I-Immunotherapy ukusiza isimiso sakho sokuvikela ukulwa nomdlavuza
• I-Palliative care ukulawula izimpawu nokwenza kube lula

Abantu abaningi bathola ukuxuba kokwelashwa. Isibonelo, ungase ube nokuhlinzwa okulandelelwa yi-chemotherapy, noma i-radiation therapy ehlanganiswe nezinye izidakamizwa. I-oncologist yakho izokucacisela ukuthi kungani ukwelashwa okuthile kunconywe isimo sakho esithile.

Izivivinyo zeklinikhi zingase zibe yindlela, zinikeze ukufinyelela ekwelapheni okusha okungakabi kutholakala kabanzi. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lingakusiza uqonde uma noma yiziphi izivivinyo zingase zifanele kuwe.

Ukuthi ungalawula kanjani umdlavuza we-gallbladder ekhaya?

Ukulawula umdlavuza we-gallbladder ekhaya kuhilela ukunakekela impilo yakho yonke ngenkathi usekela ukwelashwa kwakho kwezokwelapha. Izinqumo ezincane zansuku zonke zingenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ozizwa ngayo namandla omzimba wakho okuphulukisa.

Gxilisa ukudla ukudla okunomsoco okulula ukugaya, ikakhulukazi uma unezinkinga zokuphefumula noma izinguquko zokudla. Ukudla okuncane, okuvamile ngokuvamile kusebenza kangcono kunokudla okukhulu. Hlala uthambile ngokuphuza amanzi usuku lonke, futhi cabanga nge-broths noma itiye lezimila uma amanzi ajwayelekile engafanelekile.

Ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba okufushane kungasiza ekugcineni amandla akho namandla, kodwa lalela umzimba wakho uphumule uma udinga.

Gcina uqaphele izimpawu zakho nemiphumela emibi ukuze ukwazi ukuyixoxa neqembu lakho lezokwelapha. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukubhala amazinga obuhlungu, izinguquko zokudla, noma indlela obuyisabela ngayo ekwelapheni.

Ungangabazi ukucela usizo lwabantu bakubo nabangane emisebenzini yansuku zonke njengokuthenga izimpahla, ukupheka, noma ukuthutha ekuqokweni.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani ukuqokwa kwakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuqokwa kwakho kungakusiza wenze kakhulu isikhathi sakho nodokotela wakho futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinkathazo zakho ziqondwa. Qala ngokubhala izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini ezenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, izithasiselo, namavithamini owaqaphela, kuhlanganise nezinga. Buye uqoqe ulwazi ngembali yakho yezokwelapha yomndeni, ikakhulukazi noma yimiphi imidlavuza noma izinkinga ze-gallbladder kubantu bakini.

Bhala imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ungayikhohlwa ngesikhathi sokuqokwa. Cabanga ngokuletha umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni elingakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi linikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo.

Lungela ukuxoxa ngendlela yakho yokuphila, kuhlanganise nokudla kwakho, imikhuba yokuzivocavoca, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, nanoma yikuphi ukuvezwa kwemikhiqizo embonini. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde isithombe sakho esiphelele sempilo.

Uma uke waba nezifundo zokuthola izithombe noma izivivinyo zegazi ezihlobene nezimpawu zakho, letha leyo miphumela noma uhlanganise ukuthi ithunyelwe ehhovisi lika-dokotela wakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder ungavikeleka yini?

Nakuba kungekho ndlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela umdlavuza we-gallbladder, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho nokusekela impilo yakho yonke. Izindlela eziningi zalezi zindlela ziphinde zisize ekuvinjeni ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza nezifo ezingekho ezingapheli.

Ukugcina isisindo esiphilile ngokudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca okuvamile kunganciphisa ingozi yakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ukukhuluphala kukhuphula ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho wonke, okungase kuhlanganyele ekukhuleni komdlavuza.

Uma une-gallstones ebangela izimpawu ezivamile, xoxa ngezinketho zokwelapha nodokotela wakho. Nakuba ama-gallstones amaningi angabangeli umdlavuza, ukususa i-gallbladder enenkinga kungasusa leyo ngozi ngokuphelele.

Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco wezithelo, imifino, nama-grains aphelele ngenkathi kuncishiswa ukudla okucutshunguliwe namafutha amaningi kungasiza ekuqedeni ingozi yakho. Ezinye izifundo ziqaphela ukuthi ukudla okunomsoco wefayibha nama-antioxidants kungase kube yisivikelo ikakhulukazi.

Uma usebenza ne-chemicals noma embonini enezingozi ezaziwayo zomdlavuza, landela zonke izinkombandlela zokuphepha ngokucophelela. Sebenzisa imishini yokuvimbela futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kukhona umoya ofanele endaweni yakho yokusebenza.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela akuhlale kungenzeki, futhi ukuba nomdlavuza we-gallbladder akusho ukuthi wenze into engafanele. Gxila ezintweni ongaziqondisa ngenkathi uzihlonipha ngezinto ongenakukwazi ukuziqondisa.

Iyini into ebalulekile ngomdlavuza we-gallbladder?

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder yisimo esinzima kodwa esingavamile esivame ukukhula ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokuqala. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokugaya ukudla eziqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi uma unezici zengozi njenge-gallstones noma umlando womndeni, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Izimpawu eziningi zomdlavuza we-gallbladder zingabangelwa ezinye izimo ezilawuleka, kodwa ukuhlolwa kukunikeza ithuba elihle lokuqala ukusebenza uma kudingeka.

Izinketho zokwelapha ziqhubeka zithuthuka, futhi abantu abaningi abanomdlavuza we-gallbladder baqhubeka bephila impilo ephelele, enenjongo. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lilapho ukukusekela yonke inyathelo lendlela, kusukela ekutholeni kuze kube ekwelapheni nakweminye imisebenzi.

Gxilisa ezintweni ongaziqondisa: ukugcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile nabahlinzeki bakho bezempilo, ukunakekela impilo yakho yonke, nokukwakha isisekelo esiqinile sabantu bakubo nabangane. Awudingi ukubhekana nalokhu wedwa.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngomdlavuza we-gallbladder

Ingabe umdlavuza we-gallbladder uhlale ubulawa?

Cha, umdlavuza we-gallbladder awuhlali ubulawa, ikakhulukazi uma utholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuqikekela kuncike kakhulu esigabeni sokutholakala nokuthi umdlavuza uyaphendula kanjani ekwelapheni. Abantu abaqapha umdlavuza we-gallbladder oqalayo ongahlanganisiwe baneziphumo ezinhle kakhulu kunalabo abanesifo esiphambili. Ngisho nasezimweni eziphambili, ukwelashwa kungasiza abantu baphile isikhathi eside, impilo elula.

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder usakazeka ngokushesha kangakanani?

Umdlavuza we-gallbladder ungasakazeka ngezilinganiso ezahlukene kuye ngohlobo oluthile nezici zomuntu. Abanye umdlavuza we-gallbladder ukhula kancane ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni, kanti abanye bangasakazeka ngokushesha. Ukusebenza komdlavuza kuncike ezimpawu zakhe ze-genetic nendlela umzimba wakho uyaphendula ngayo. Yingakho ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile kangaka – kunikeza ithuba elihle lokuqondisa umdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba ube nesikhathi sokusakazeka.

Ungaphila yini ngaphandle kwe-gallbladder?

Yebo, ungaphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngaphandle kwe-gallbladder yakho. Isikhondolo sakho sizoluqhubeka sikhiqiza i-bile, kodwa esikhundleni sokuyigcina e-gallbladder, i-bile izoluqhubeka igeleza ngqo esiswini sakho esincane. Abantu abaningi bazivumelanisa kahle nalolu shintsho, nakuba abanye bangase badinge ukwenza izinguquko zokudla, njengokudla ukudla okuncane, okungena mafutha amaningi, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Uyini umehluko phakathi komdlavuza we-gallbladder nama-gallstones?

Ama-Gallstones yizinto eziqinile ezikhahlela e-gallbladder yakho, ngokuvamile evela e-cholesterol noma i-bilirubin, futhi avame kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile awabi nengozi. Umdlavuza we-gallbladder, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhilela ukukhula kwamaseli angavamile okungasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Nakuba ukuba nama-gallstones kungase kukhulise ingozi yakho yomdlavuza we-gallbladder, iningi labantu abanama-gallstones aliwutholi umdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izimpawu zingase zihambisane, yingakho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kubalulekile.

Ingabe ukuba nomdlavuza we-gallbladder kusho ukuthi ngizodinga i-chemotherapy?

Akuwona wonke umuntu onomdlavuza we-gallbladder odinga i-chemotherapy. Uhlelo lokwelapha kuncike ezintweni ezifana nesigaba somdlavuza, indawo, nempilo yakho yonke. Abanye abantu abanomdlavuza oqalayo bangase badinge ukuhlinzwa kuphela, kanti abanye bangase bazuze e-chemotherapy ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, noma ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. I-oncologist yakho izokuncoma indlela enikeza ithuba elihle lokuphumelela ngemiphumela emibi emincane.