Ukuthi yini i-Genital Herpes? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-Genital herpes iyisifo esidluliselwa ngocansi esivamile esibangelwa yi-herpes simplex virus (HSV). Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kukukhathaza ukufunda ngalesi simo, awuwedwa—izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele zihlala ne-genital herpes futhi ziyilawula ngempumelelo. Ukuqonda amaqiniso kungakusiza uzizwe ukhulu ngempilo yakho nobuhlobo bakho.

Iyini i-genital herpes?

I-Genital herpes iyisifo esithinta izindawo zangasese nezesisu, esibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili ze-herpes simplex virus. Imikhakha eminingi ibangelwa yi-HSV-2, nakuba i-HSV-1 (evame ukubangela ama-cold sores) ingase futhi ithonye indawo yangasese ngokusebenzisa ubulili bomlomo.

I-virus ihlala emzimbeni wakho uma usuthelelekile, kodwa ngokuvamile ihlala iphumule. Abantu abaningi abane-genital herpes ababonisi zimpawu ezimbalwa noma azikho impilo yabo yonke. Uma izimpawu ziveleka, ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ama-blisters noma ama-sores abuhlungu endaweni yangasese.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuba ne-genital herpes akukukhombi noma kukulinganiselwe ikhono lakho lokuba nobuhlobo obuphilile. Ngokuphathwa okuqondile, abantu abaningi baphila impilo evamile, ezele.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-genital herpes?

Abantu abaningi abane-genital herpes abazange babe nazimpawu ezibonakalayo, kanti abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezicacile ngesikhathi se-outbreaks. I-outbreak yokuqala ngokuvamile iyona ebuhlungu kakhulu, ngokuvamile iveleka ezinsukwini eziyi-2-12 ngemuva kokubekwa.

Ngesikhathi se-outbreak esebenzayo, ungase ubone:

• Ama-blisters amancane, abuhlungu noma ama-sores avulekile ezindaweni zangasese, zesisu, noma ezizungezile
• Ukuthimula, ukushisa, noma ukuthimula ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ama-sores
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuthamba
• Izimpawu ezifana ne-influenza ezihlanganisa ukufiphaza, ubuhlungu bomzimba, nama-lymph nodes avuvukile
• I-Headache nokuzizwa okungekuhle ngokujwayelekile

I-outbreak yokuqala ngokuvamile ihlala izinsuku eziyi-7-10, kanti i-outbreaks ezizayo ziba mfushane futhi azinamandla. Abanye abantu babona izimpawu zokuqala njengokuthimula noma ukushisa ngaphambi kokuba kuqale i-outbreak.

Phakathi kwe-outbreaks, i-virus ihlala ingasebenzi emzimbeni wakho. Abantu abaningi bahlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ngaphandle kwezimpawu, futhi abanye abakaze babe ne-outbreak enye ngemuva kokokuqala kwabo.

Yini ebangela i-genital herpes?

I-Genital herpes ibangelwa yi-herpes simplex virus, esabalala ngokuthintana ngqo kwesikhumba-esikhumbini ngesikhathi sobulili. Ungathola i-virus ngisho noma umlingani wakho engenazo izimpawu ezibonakalayo noma ama-sores asebenzayo.

I-virus isabalala ngokusebenzisa:

• Ubulili besisu, esisu, noma bomlomo nomuntu one-HSV
• Ukuthintana ngqo nesikhumba esithintekile noma i-mucous membranes
• Ukusebenzisa izinto zokudlala zobulili nomlingani othintekile
• Ukuthinta ama-sores asebenzayo bese uthinta indawo yakho yangasese

I-HSV-1 ingabangela i-genital herpes ngokusebenzisa ubulili bomlomo, ngisho noma umuntu onikeza ubulili bomlomo engenazo izimpawu ze-cold sores ezibonakalayo. I-virus isengaba khona futhi isabalale ngaphandle kwezimpawu.

Awukwazi ukuthola i-genital herpes ezihlalweni zangasese, izitende, noma ezinye izinto. I-virus ayiphili isikhathi eside ngaphandle komzimba womuntu futhi idinga ukuthintana ngqo ukuze isabalale.

Nini okumele ubheke udokotela nge-genital herpes?

Kufanele ubheke umhlinzeki wezempilo uma ubona izimpawu ezingavamile endaweni yakho yangasese, ikakhulukazi ama-sores noma ama-blisters abuhlungu. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokunciphisa ingozi yokusabalala.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Izimpawu zokuqala zama-sores noma ama-blisters angasese
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu ngesikhathi sokuthamba
• Ukufiphaza kanye nezimpawu zangasese
• I-outbreaks ejwayelekile noma ebuhlungu
• Izimpawu ezingaphuli ngemuva kweviki

Uma ukhulelwe futhi une-genital herpes, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangasiza ekulawuleni isimo sakho nokunciphisa ingozi yokusabalala kwingane yakho ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Ungazizwa uhluphekile ngokufuna ukunakekelwa. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukwelapha izifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi futhi banikeza ukwesekwa okuzwelayo, okungabi nakwahlulela.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi ze-genital herpes?

Noma ubani osebenzisa ubulili angathola i-genital herpes, kodwa izinto ezithile zingase zikhulise ingozi yakho. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezilwemi ngempilo yakho yocansi.

Izimbangela zengozi ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba nezingxenyekazi eziningi zocansi
• Ukuba nobulili obungavikelekile
• Ukuba nobulili ebusheni
• Ukuba owesifazane (abesifazane banesibopho kunabesilisa)
• Ukuba nezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi
• Ukuba nesistimu yokuzikhuza ebuthakathaka

Izimbangela zengozi ezingavamile kodwa ezibalulekile zihlanganisa ukuba nomlingani one-HSV ongathathi imithi yokulwa ne-virus, noma ukwenza ubulili ngezikhathi lapho i-immune system yakho icindezelwe ukucindezeleka, ukugula, noma imithi ethile.

Khumbula ukuthi ngisho nabantu obonke ubuhlobo babo bangathola i-herpes uma omunye umlingani esekuthelelekile. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi bane-virus ngoba abakaze babe nazimpawu.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ze-genital herpes?

Abantu abaningi abane-genital herpes ababonisi izinhlanganisela ezinkulu, kodwa kuwusizo ukuqonda ukuthi yini engase ibe khona. Ukuba uqaphele izinkinga ezingase zenzeke kukuvumela ukuba ufunani ukunakekelwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukungena kakhulu kokuqeda i-HIV nezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi
• I-outbreak ebuhlungu yokuqala edinga ukungena esibhedlela (okungavamile)
• Ukuvalwa kokuthamba ngenxa yokuhlungu kokuthamba
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria okubili kwama-sores avulekile
• Ukusabalala kubantwana abasanda kuzalwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha

Izinhlanganisela ezingavamile zingase zihlanganise i-meningitis (ukuvuvukala kwengqondo) noma i-encephalitis, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesistimu yokuzikhuza ebuthakathaka. Lezi zinhlanganisela ezinkulu azivamile kubantu abaphilile.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-genital herpes badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuvimbela ukusabalala kubantwana babo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzolandelela isimo sakho futhi angase akukhuthaze ukuba uthathe imithi yokulwa ne-virus ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukwenza i-cesarean delivery uma unezimpawu ezisebenzayo ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

I-genital herpes ixilongwa kanjani?

Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangaxilonga i-genital herpes ngezindlela eziningi, ngemiphumela eqondile kakhulu evela ekuhlolweni ngesikhathi se-outbreak esebenzayo. Ungakhathazeki ngenqubo yokuhlola—ilula futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise:

• Ukuhlola ngamehlo ama-sores noma ama-blisters
• I-swab test evela kuma-sores asebenzayo (indlela eqondile kakhulu)
• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuthola i-HSV antibodies
• I-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test ye-viral DNA

Izivivinyo zegazi zingabonisa i-herpes ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu, kodwa azikwazi ukukutshela ukuthi utholakele nini noma ukuthi ukutheleleka kuyi-genital noma i-oral. Ukuxilongwa okuqondile kakhulu kuvela ekuhlolweni kwama-sores asebenzayo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ubekeke kodwa ungenazo izimpawu, xoxani ngezinketho zokuhlola nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Bangasiza ekutholeni indlela engcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho esithile.

Uyini ukwelashwa kwe-genital herpes?

Nakuba ayikho imithi yokwelapha i-genital herpes, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kungalawula izimpawu, kunciphisa ubukhulu be-outbreak, futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokusabalala. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukwelashwa kuthuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yabo.

Izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Imithi yokulwa ne-virus (acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir)
• I-episodic therapy ye-outbreaks ngayinye
• I-suppressive therapy ye-outbreaks ejwayelekile
• Ukulawula ubuhlungu ngemithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi
• Ukwelashwa okusetshenziswayo ngaphandle kokwelapha izimpawu

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokukhuthaza indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho, ubukhulu be-outbreak, kanye nezifiso zakho siqu. Abanye abantu bathatha imithi yokulwa ne-virus kuphela ngesikhathi se-outbreaks, kanti abanye bayithatha nsuku zonke ukuvimbela i-outbreaks nokunciphisa ingozi yokusabalala.

Abantu abaningi bayaphendula kahle ekwelapheni kwe-antiviral, behlangabezana ne-outbreaks emfushane, engamandla. Le miithi ngokuvamile iphephile ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside uma ilotshwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo.

Indlela yokuphatha i-genital herpes ekhaya?

Ukukhathalela ekhaya kungathuthukisa kakhulu induduzo yakho ngesikhathi se-outbreaks futhi kusekele impilo yakho yonke. Lezi zindlela zokuzinakekela zisebenza kahle kanye nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha ukukusiza uzizwe ukhulu ngokushesha.

Ngesikhathi se-outbreaks, zama ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukugeza amanzi afudumele ane-Epsom salts ukuthambisa ama-sores
• Ukuhlanza indawo ethintekile uyibeke yome
• Ukugqoka izingubo zangaphansi eziqondile, ezingama-cotton kanye nezingubo
• Ukubeka ama-ice packs afakwe ezingutsheni imizuzu eyi-10-15
• Ukusebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu njenge-ibuprofen
• Ukuqeda izingubo eziqinile ezingase zicasule indawo

Phakathi kwe-outbreaks, gxila ekugcineni impilo enempilo. Ukuthola ukulala okwanele, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, ukudla kahle, nokuzivocavoca njalo kungasiza ekusekeleni i-immune system yakho futhi kunciphisa ubukhulu be-outbreak.

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izinto ezithile ezinjengokucindezeleka, ukugula, noma ukukhathala kungase kube yimbangela ye-outbreaks. Ukugcina idayari kungakusiza ubone izinto ezibangela i-outbreaks kuwe ukuze ukwazi ukuziqeda.

I-genital herpes ingavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukususa ngokuphelele ingozi yokutheleleka yi-genital herpes, izindlela eziningi zinganciphisa kakhulu amathuba okutholakala. Lezi zindlela ezifanayo ziyasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala uma usuvele une-virus.

Izindlela zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

• Ukusebenzisa ama-condoms ama-latex njalo ngendlela efanele
• Ukuba nezingxoxo ezivulekile, eziqondile nezingxenyekazi zakho zocansi ngesimo se-STI
• Ukulinganisela inani lezingxenyekazi zakho zocansi
• Ukuhlolwa njalo ngezifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi
• Ukuqeda ukuthintana kocansi ngesikhathi se-outbreaks esebenzayo
• Ukuthatha imithi yokulwa ne-virus uma ilotshiwe ukuze ivinjwe

Uma une-genital herpes, ukuthatha imithi yokulwa ne-virus nsuku zonke kunganciphisa ingozi yokudlulisa i-virus kumlingani wakho cishe ngamaphesenti angu-50. Ukuhlanganisa imithi nokusebenzisa ama-condoms njalo kunikeza isivikelo esikhulu.

Khumbula ukuthi i-herpes ingadluliselwa ngisho noma azikho izimpawu, ngakho-ke izinyathelo zokuvimbela eziqhubekayo kubalulekile ekuphileni kwakho konke kocansi.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kungakusiza uthole okuningi ekuhambeni kwakho futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphelele. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ufuna ukukusiza, ngakho-ke ukuba ovulekile noqotho kuzoholela ohlelweni lokwelapha oluhle.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho:

• Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini
• Bala yonke imithi kanye nezinye izinto ozithathayo
• Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha kanye nezinguquko zempilo
• Phawula noma yiziphi izinto ezingase zibangele i-outbreaks ozibonile
• Letha ulwazi mayelana nomlando wakho wezempilo yocansi

Ungazizwa uhluphekile ngokuxoxa ngemininingwane yangasese nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Baye babona futhi bawelapha lezi zimo izikhathi eziningi futhi banikeza ukunakekelwa kobuchwepheshe, okuzwelayo.

Uma usuna i-outbreak, zama ukuhlela i-appointment yakho ngesikhathi izimpawu zikhona. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa okuqondile.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-genital herpes?

I-Genital herpes iyisimo esilawuleka esiphila ngaso izigidi zabantu ngempumelelo. Nakuba ukuthola ukuxilongwa kungase kuzwakale kukukhathaza ekuqaleni, ukuqonda amaqiniso nokusebenzisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kungakusiza ugcine impilo yakho nobuhlobo bakho.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuthi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona, i-outbreaks ngokuvamile iba mfushane futhi ingamandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ukuba ne-herpes akukuvimbeli ekutheni ube nobuhlobo obuzele. Abantu abaningi abane-herpes baqhubeka beba nobuhlobo obuphilile nemindeni.

Gxila ekunakekeleni impilo yakho yonke, ulandele uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha, futhi uxoxe ngokukhululekile nezingxenyekazi zakho zocansi ngesimo sakho. Ngokuphathwa okuqondile, i-genital herpes ingaba yingxenye encane yendaba yakho yempilo kunokuba yinto ehlukanisa impilo yakho.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo mayelana ne-genital herpes

Ungaba ne-genital herpes ngaphandle kwezimpawu?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abane-genital herpes abazange babe nazimpawu ezibonakalayo noma babe nezimpawu ezilula kakhulu abangaziboni njenge-herpes. Usengadlulisa i-virus kubalingani ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu, kungakho ukuhlola nokuxhumana okuvulekile kubalulekile.

I-genital herpes outbreaks ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-outbreak yokuqala ngokuvamile ihlala izinsuku eziyi-7-10, kanti i-outbreaks eziphindaphindayo ngokuvamile ihlala izinsuku eziyi-3-5. Imithi yokulwa ne-virus ingasiza ekuqedeni isikhathi nokunciphisa ubukhulu be-outbreaks uma ithathwe ngokushesha.

I-genital herpes ingadluliselwa ngokusebenzisa ubulili bomlomo?

Yebo, kokubili i-HSV-1 ne-HSV-2 zingadluliselwa ngokusebenzisa ubulili bomlomo. I-HSV-1, evame ukubangela ama-cold sores, ingabangela i-genital herpes ngokuthintana komlomo. Ukusebenzisa izinto zokuvimbela njenge-condoms noma ama-dental dams ngesikhathi sobulili bomlomo kunganciphisa le ngozi.

Kuphephile yini ukuba nezingane uma une-genital herpes?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abane-genital herpes baba nokukhulelwa okunempilo nabantwana. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzolandelela isimo sakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi angase akukhuthaze ukuba uthathe imithi yokulwa ne-virus noma i-cesarean delivery ukunciphisa ingozi yokusabalala kwingane yakho.

I-genital herpes outbreaks ivela kangaki?

Ubukhulu be-outbreak buhluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Abanye abantu baba ne-outbreaks eziningi ngonyaka, kanti abanye bangase bahlale iminyaka phakathi kwe-outbreaks noma bangabi ne-outbreak enye ngemuva kokokuqala kwabo. I-outbreaks ngokuvamile iba mfushane futhi ingamandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.