Umgonorrhea yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Umgonorrhea ukutheleleka okuvamile okuthathwa ngocansi (STI) okubangelwa yibhaktheriya engathinta indawo yakho yobudoda, umlomo, noma isikhumba. Lokhu kutheleleka kukhula ngokuxhumana ngocansi futhi kungenzeka kubo bonke abantu abasebenza ngocansi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi baneminyaka emingaki noma ubulili.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi umgonorrhea uyaphiliswa ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele kwe-antibiotic. Abantu abaningi abane-gonorrhea ababonisi zimpawu, yingakho ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-STI kubalulekile kubantu abasebenza ngocansi.

Umgonorrhea yini?

Umgonorrhea ukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa nge-Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Le bhaktheriya ihlose izindawo ezifudumele, ezimanzi zendlela yakho yokuzala, kufaka phakathi i-cervix, i-uterus, ne-fallopian tubes kwabesifazane, ne-urethra kubantu bobabili besilisa nabesifazane.

Ibhaktheriya ingakhula emlonyeni wakho, emlonyeni, emehlweni, nasesikhumbeni. Okwenza lokhu kutheleleka kube nzima ukuthi ngokuvamile akubangeli zimpawu, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, okusho ukuthi ungaba nakho ungakwazi.

Ngokwesazi sezempilo, umgonorrhea ungenye ye-STIs ebizwa kakhulu. Lokhu kutheleleka kuthinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele unyaka ngamunye, abantu abadala abasha abaneminyaka engama-15-24 abathinteka kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu zeGonorrhea?

Abantu abaningi abane-gonorrhea ababonisi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi abesifazane. Uma izimpawu zivele, ngokuvamile zivele phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-2-10 ngemuva kokubekwa, nakuba abanye abantu bengase bangaziboni izimpawu amasonto amaningi.

Ake sibheke izimpawu ezivamile umzimba wakho ongase ubonise uma ulwa nalokhu kutheleleka:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukushisa lapho ukhishwa amanzi
• Ukuqothuka okungavamile epenis noma esibelethweni (ngokuvamile oluphuzi, olumhlophe, noma oluhlaza)
• Ubuhlungu noma ukukhula kwamathe
• Ukuphuza igazi phakathi kwesikhathi noma ukuphuza igazi okukhulu kakhulu
• Ubuhlungu besisu kwabesifazane
• Ubuhlungu bomlomo (uma ukutheleleka kusemlonyeni)
• Ubuhlungu besikhumba, ukuqothuka, noma ukuphuza igazi (uma ukutheleleka kusekhumbeni)

Kwabesifazane, izimpawu ze-gonorrhea zingase ziqondwe kalula njengokutheleleka kwesisu noma esibelethweni. Lokhu kufana ngokuvamile kuholela ekunqunyweni nasekwelapheni okunqunywe, yingakho ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile.

Kubantu besilisa, izimpawu zivame ukubonakala kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ukushisa lapho ukhishwa amanzi nokuqothuka okungavamile. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu besilisa bangase bangabi nazimpawu nhlobo.

Yini ebangela iGonorrhea?

Umgonorrhea ubangelwa yibhaktheriya i-Neisseria gonorrhoeae, ekhula ngokuxhumana ngocansi. Ungatheleleka lapho le bhaktheriya ingena emzimbeni wakho ngokusebenza ngocansi nomuntu onalokhu kutheleleka.

Ibhaktheriya ikhula ngezinhlobo eziningi zokuxhumana ngocansi:

• Ucansi lwesilisa nowesifazane nomlingani othintekile
• Ucansi lwesikhumba nomlingani othintekile
• Ucansi lomlomo nomlingani othintekile
• Ukuhlanganyela imidlalo yocansi nomlingani othintekile
• Kusuka kunina kuya engwaneni ngesikhathi sokubeletha

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umgonorrhea awukwazi ukusabalala ngokuxhumana okuvamile. Awukwazi ukuthola umgonorrhea ezindaweni zokuhlanza, ukuhlanganyela izimpuphu, ukuyakoxa, noma okunye ukuxhumana okungekho ocansini.

Ibhaktheriya ifa ngokushesha ngaphandle komzimba womuntu, ngakho-ke ukudluliselwa kudinga ukuxhumana ngqo nezinongo zomzimba ezithintekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngocansi. Ngisho noma umuntu engenazo izimpawu ezibonakalayo, usengadlulisela ukutheleleka kubalingani bakhe.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngeGonorrhea?

Kufanele ubona umhlinzeki wezempilo uma uhlangabezana naziphi izimpawu ezingase ziphakamise i-STI, noma uma uke waba noxhumano lobulili nomuntu onomgonorrhea. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kuvimbela izinkinga futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokusabalalisa ukutheleleka.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu zezixwayiso:

• Ukuqothuka okungavamile endaweni yakho yobudoda
• Ukushisa noma ubuhlungu lapho ukhishwa amanzi
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuphuza igazi okungavamile
• Ubuhlungu bomlomo ngemuva kokusebenza ngocansi lomlomo
• Ubuhlungu besikhumba noma ukuqothuka

Kufanele uphinde uhlolwe uma uke waba nocansi olungenayo isivikelo nomlingani omusha noma abalingani abaningi. Abanikeli bezempilo abaningi bancoma ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-STI kubantu abasebenza ngocansi, ngisho noma bengenazo izimpawu.

Uma ukhulelwe, ukuhlolwa kwe-gonorrhea kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ukutheleleka kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kuwe nengane yakho. Iningi lokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-STI ngalesi sizathu.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi zeGonorrhea?

Noma ubani oqeqeshwe ngocansi angathola umgonorrhea, kodwa izinto ezithile zingandisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingozi kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho yocansi.

Nawa amaphuzu aphambili andisa ingozi yakho:

• Ukuba nabalingani abaningi bocansi
• Ukuba nocansi olungenayo isivikelo (ukungasebenzisi ama-condoms)
• Ukuba nomlingani onabalingani abaningi bocansi
• Ukuba phakathi kweminyaka engama-15-24
• Ukuba nomlando wezinye i-STIs
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa ngaphambi kokusebenza ngocansi
• Ukuba nomlingani onale STI

Abantu abadala abasha babhekene nengozi enkulu ngoba bangase bangabi namandla okuvikela njalo futhi bangase babe nabalingani abaningi bocansi. Noma kunjalo, umgonorrhea ungathinta noma ubani kunoma iyiphi iminyaka oqeqeshwe ngocansi.

Ukuba nomgonorrhea kanye akukuvimbeli ekutholeni futhi. Ungatheleleka futhi uma unexhumano lobulili nomuntu onalokhu kutheleleka, ngisho noma uke waphiliswa ngempumelelo ngaphambili.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngeGonorrhea?

Uma kushiywa ungaphathwa, umgonorrhea ungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okusheshayo, lezi zinkinga ziyavimbeka ngokuphelele.

Nawa ama-complications angase athuthuke uma umgonorrhea ungaphathwa:

• Isifo sokuvuvukala sesisu (PID) kwabesifazane
• Ukungaqeqeshi kwabesilisa nabesifazane
• Ukungena kakhulu kwe-HIV
• Ukukhulelwa kwesibeletho kwabesifazane
• Ubuhlungu besisu obuhlala njalo
• I-Epididymitis (ukuvuvukala kwephuphu ehlanganiswe ne-testicle)
• I-Prostatitis (ukuvuvukala kwe-prostate gland)

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, umgonorrhea ongaphathwa ungasabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, ubangela i-arthritis, izinkinga zesikhumba, noma izinkinga zenhliziyo. Lokhu kuqondwa, okuthiwa yi-disseminated gonococcal infection, kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-1% yezimo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abangenayo imithi ye-gonorrhea bangadlulisela ukutheleleka ezinganeni zabo ngesikhathi sokubeletha, okungenzeka kube yimbangela yokutheleleka okukhulu kwamehlo noma ukutheleleka kwamajozi kwabantwana abasanda kuzalwa. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha nokwelashwa kubalulekile kangaka.

Umgonorrhea utholakala kanjani?

Ukutholakala komgonorrhea kulula futhi ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlolwa okulula okungenziwa ngesikhathi sokuvakashela udokotela okuvamile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokhetha ukuhlolwa okuhle kakhulu ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wocansi.

Izindlela ezivamile zokuxilonga zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwamathumbu (okuvamile futhi okulula)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-swab kusuka endaweni ethintekile (ubudoda, umlomo, noma isikhumba)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (okungavamile)

Ngokuhlolwa kwamathumbu, uzonikeza nje isampula yomthondo, futhi ilebhu izoyihlola ibhaktheriya ye-gonorrhea. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunenzuzo enkulu futhi imiphumela ivame ukuba khona phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Uma uke waba nocansi lomlomo noma lwesikhumba, udokotela wakho angase ancome ama-throat noma ama-rectal swabs ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kobudoda. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukuqoqa isampula ngobumnene kusuka endaweni ethintekile usebenzisa i-cotton swab.

Abanikeli bezempilo abaningi manje banikeza ukuhlolwa okusheshayo okungakwazi ukunikeza imiphumela ngemizuzu engama-30 nje. Ezinye izikhungo zinikeza ama-kits okuhlolwa ekhaya ongawasebenzisa ngasese bese uthumela ilebhu ukuze uthole imiphumela.

Yini ukwelashwa kweGonorrhea?

Umgonorrhea uyaphiliswa ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele kwe-antibiotic. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bekhulu ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa beqala ukwelashwa, futhi ukutheleleka ngokuvamile kuhlanzwa ngaphakathi nesonto.

Ukuphathwa kwamanje ngokuvamile kuhilela:

• Isijeziso esisodwa se-ceftriaxone (esivamile)
• Ama-antibiotics omhlathi afana ne-doxycycline (ngezinye izikhathi anikezwa kanye nesijeziso)
• Ama-antibiotics ahlukile uma une-allergy ekwelapheni okuvamile

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile nanoma yiziphi i-antibiotic allergies onayo. Kubalulekile ukuthatha yonke imithi ngokuqondile njengoba kuyalelwe, ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa ukhulu.

Kufanele ugweme ukuxhumana ngocansi okungenani izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha noma ukusabalalisa ukutheleleka kwabanye. Abalingani bakho bocansi kufanele bahlolwe futhi baphathwe ukuvimbela ukudlulisela ukutheleleka phambili nangemuva.

Ngemva kokwelashwa, uzodinga ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuphelile ngokuphelele. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka cishe ngemuva kwesonto elilodwa ngemuva kokuphela kwama-antibiotics akho.

Ungazinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Ngenkathi ama-antibiotics enza umsebenzi omkhulu ekwelapheni umgonorrhea, ungase ukhumbuze ukubuyiselwa kwakho futhi uvikele izinkinga ngokuzinakekela kahle ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Nawa amaqhinga okuzinakekela ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa:

• Thatha wonke ama-antibiotics ayelwe ngokuqondile njengoba kuyalelwe
• Gwema ukuxhumana ngocansi kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekukhulula
• Hlala uthambile ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Thola ukuphumula okwanele ukuze usekele i-immune system yakho
• Gwema utshwala, olungase luhlanganise nama-antibiotics amanye
• Xwayisa bonke abalingani bocansi abasha ukuze bakwazi ukuhlolwa

Kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukukhathazeka ngokuba ne-STI. Khumbula ukuthi umgonorrhea uvame kakhulu futhi uyaphiliswa ngokuphelele. Abantu abaningi badlula kulolu phiko futhi bayaphila ngokuphelele.

Uma uhlangabezana naziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, njengoba kungenzeka kube khona imiphumela emibi kakhulu yama-antibiotics, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi bayayithola kahle imithi ye-gonorrhea, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho.

Umgonorrhea ungavimbeka kanjani?

Ukuvimbela umgonorrhea kuhilela ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yocansi. Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela ziwumlutha futhi zifinyeleleka kubantu abaningi.

Nawa amaqhinga okuvimbela apumelelayo kakhulu:

• Sebenzisa ama-condoms ngokuqondile futhi njalo ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngocansi konke
• Limita inani labalingani bakho bocansi
• Thola ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-STI uma uqeqeshwe ngocansi
• Hlanganyela ingxoxo evulekile nabalingani mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-STI
• Gwema ukuxhumana ngocansi uma wena noma umlingani wakho unezimpawu
• Cabanga ngokuthembeka komlingani ohlanganisiwe onohlolwe

Ama-condoms e-Latex apumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni umgonorrhea uma esetshenziswa ngokuqondile njalo lapho uba nocansi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ucansi lwesilisa nowesifazane, ucansi lwesikhumba, nocansi lomlomo. Uma une-allergy ku-latex, ama-condoms e-polyurethane anikeza isivikelo efanayo.

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile ngoba abantu abaningi abane-gonorrhea abanawo izimpawu. Uma uqeqeshwe ngocansi, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nokuthi kufanele uhlolwe kangaki ngokuya ngezinto zakho ezingozi.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungakusiza uthole ukuxilongwa okuqondile kakhulu nokwelashwa okufanele. Ukuba ovulekile noqotho nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kubalulekile ekunakekelweni okufanele.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buza lolu lwazi:

• Uhlu lwezimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini
• Ulwazi mayelana nabalingani bakho bocansi nokuqeqeshwa kwakho kwamuva ngocansi
• Uhlu lanoma iyiphi imithi oyithatha njengamanje
• Umlindo wakho wesikhathi (uma kufaneleka)
• Noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-STI yangaphambili
• Imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho

Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukwazi ngomlando wakho wocansi ukuze anikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ulwazi mayelana nenani labalingani, izinhlobo zokusebenza ngocansi, nokuthi usebenzisa isivikelo yini.

Khumbula ukuthi abanikeli bezempilo bangochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe abahlanganisa lezi zihloko njalo. Bayalapha ukuze bakusize, hhayi ukukwahlulela. Ukuba oqotho ngempilo yakho yocansi kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okufanele.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana neGonorrhea?

Umgonorrhea uyi-STI evamile, ephilisekayo ngokuphelele evame ukungabangeli zimpawu, okwenza ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile kubantu abasebenza ngocansi. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kwe-antibiotic, abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngaphakathi nesonto.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuthi umgonorrhea usabalala ngokuxhumana ngocansi, ungavimbeka ngokusebenzisa ama-condoms njalo, futhi kufanele aphathwe ngokushesha ukuze ugweme izinkinga. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kuvikela impilo yakho nempilo yabalingani bakho bocansi.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungase ube nomgonorrhea noma uke waba nakho, bheka umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze uhlolwe futhi welashwe. Imithi yanamuhla yenza ukwelapha lokhu kutheleleka kube lula futhi kuphumelela, ikuvumela ukuba ubuyele empilweni enhle ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evamile Mayelana neGonorrhea

Ungathola yini umgonorrhea ngocansi lomlomo?

Yebo, ungathola umgonorrhea ngocansi lomlomo. Ibhaktheriya ingatheleleka emlonyeni wakho uma wenza ucansi lomlomo kumuntu onomgonorrhea wobudoda, noma ingatheleleka ebudodeni bakho uma umuntu onomlomo we-gonorrhea enza ucansi lomlomo kuwe. Ukusebenzisa isivikelo esivikelayo njenge-condoms noma ama-dental dams ngesikhathi socansi lomlomo kunciphisa kakhulu le ngozi.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani izimpawu ze-gonorrhea ukuvela?

Izimpawu ze-gonorrhea ngokuvamile zivela phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-2-10 ngemuva kokubekwa, nakuba abanye abantu bengase bangaziboni izimpawu amasonto amaningi. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi abane-gonorrhea abazange babe nazimpawu nhlobo, yingakho ukutheleleka kungase kungabonakali futhi kusabalale ngaphandle kokwazi.

Umgonorrhea ungaphela yedwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa?

Cha, umgonorrhea ngeke uphele yedwa futhi udinga ukwelashwa kwe-antibiotic ukuze aphile ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, ukutheleleka kungasabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho futhi kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu njengokungaqeqeshi, isifo sokuvuvukala sesisu, noma ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo.

Ungaba nocansi nini ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-gonorrhea?

Kufanele ulinde okungenani izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa kwakho kwe-antibiotic ngaphambi kokuba ube nocansi futhi. Lesi sikhathi sokulinda siqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuphelile ngokuphelele ohlelweni lwakho futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka kabusha noma ukudlulisela ukutheleleka kubalingani.

Ungathola yini umgonorrhea ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa?

Yebo, ungathola umgonorrhea izikhathi eziningi ekuphileni kwakho. Ukuba nomgonorrhea kanye akukwenzi ube nokuvikelwa ekutholeni ukutheleleka kwesikhathi esizayo. Ungatheleleka futhi uma unexhumano lobulili nomuntu onomgonorrhea, ngisho noma uke waphiliswa ngempumelelo ngaphambili.