Amabele Amakhulu Kumadoda (Gynecomastia)

Ngokwesifo se-gynecomastia, izicubu ezikhona ezigxotsheni zebele zikhula. Lokhu kungabangela amabele abonakala njengawabesifazane.

IGynecomastia (guy-nuh-koh-MAS-tee-uh) ukwanda kwenani lezicubu zegland ebele kubafana noma kumadoda. Ukungalingani kwamahomoni e-estrogen ne-testosterone kubangela lokhu. I-Gynecomastia ingathinta ibhele elilodwa noma womabili, ngezinye izikhathi ngokungalingani.

IPseudogynecomastia ukwanda kokuthambile kodwa hhayi izicubu ze-gland ebeleni lamadoda.

Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa, abafana abadlula ebuntweni kanye namadoda amadala bangathuthukisa i-gynecomastia ngenxa yenguquko yemvelo emazingeni ehomoni. Kunezizathu eziningi futhi.

Ngokuvamile, i-gynecomastia ayiyona inkinga enzima. Kodwa kungaba nzima ukubhekana nesimo. Abantu abane-gynecomastia ngezinye izikhathi baba nobuhlungu ebeleni labo. Futhi bangase bazizwe behluleka.

IGynecomastia ingase ihambe yodwa. Uma ingahambi, imithi noma ukuhlinzwa kungasiza.

Izimpawu ze-Gynecomastia zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi kubasakhulayo.
• Ibele elikhulayo.
• Amabele abuthakathaka.
• Izintungulu ezinzima lapho zicishe zithinte izingubo.

Bona ilungu leqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo uma uba:

• Uqengqelekile.
• Ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu.
• Umanzi ovela ku-nipple (izimba) lenye noma zombili izifuba. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukukhishwa kwe-nipple.
• Isibopho esiqinile noma esiqinile.
• Isikhumba esiqinile esifubeni.

Kubantu ababehlukaniswe njengabesilisa ekuzalweni, umzimba ikakhulukazi uyakhiqiza i-testosterone yehomoni yocansi. Uyakhiqiza nezinani ezincane ze-estrogen yehomoni. I-Gynecomastia ingenzeka uma inani le-testosterone emzimbeni liwehla uma liqhathaniswa ne-estrogen. Ukuncipha kungabangelwa yizimo eziwehlisa i-testosterone noma zivikele imiphumela yayo. Noma kungabangelwa yizimo eziphakamisa amazinga e-estrogen.\n\nIzinto ezithile ezingashintsha ibhalansi yamahomoni emzimbeni zihlanganisa okulandelayo:\n\nAma-hormone i-testosterone ne-estrogen alawula izici zocansi. I-Testosterone ilawula izici ezinjengobuningi bemisipha kanye nezinwele zomzimba. I-Estrogen ilawula izici ezihlanganisa ukukhula kwamabele.\n\nAmazinga e-estrogen aphezulu kakhulu noma angaphandle kwebhalansi namazinga e-testosterone angabangela i-gynecomastia.\n\n- I-Gynecomastia ezinganeni. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yabantwana besilisa bazalwa beba namabele amakhulu ngenxa yemiphumela ye-estrogen ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ithishu yamabele ebomvu ngokuvamile iyahamba phakathi kwamasonto ama-2 kuya kwangu-3 ngemuva kokuzalwa.\n- I-Gynecomastia phakathi kokuthomba. I-Gynecomastia ebangelwa yizinguquko zamahomoni phakathi kokuthomba ivame kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ithishu yamabele ebomvu iyahamba ngaphandle kokwelashwa phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-6 kuya eminyakeni emi-2.\n- I-Gynecomastia kubantu abadala. Cishe amaphesenti angu-24 kuya kwangu-65 abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-50 kuya kwangu-80 bathola i-gynecomastia. Kodwa abantu abadala abaningi abanemethi yalo abanawo umuzwa.\n\nAmakhambi alandelayo angabangela i-gynecomastia:\n\n- Ama-anti-androgens asetshenziswa ekwelapheni izimo ezinjenge-prostate enkulu kanye nomdlavuza we-prostate. Isibonelo sale mikhambi ihlanganisa i-flutamide, i-finasteride (Proscar, Propecia) ne-spironolactone (Aldactone, Carospir).\n- Ama-steroids anabolic nama-androgens okuwelapha ukubambezeleka kokuthomba noma ukulahleka kwemisipha okuvela kwenye inkinga.\n- Amakhambi e-antiretroviral. Izici ezifana ne-estrogen zamakhambi athile e-HIV zingabangela i-gynecomastia, ikakhulukazi i-efavirenz.\n- Amakhambi e-ADHD aqukethe ama-amphetamines, njenge-Adderall.\n- Amakhambi okuqeda ukukhathazeka, njenge-diazepam (Valium).\n- Amanye ama-antibiotics.\n- Ama-opioids okuwelapha ubuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside.\n- Amakhambi ezilonda, njengamakhemikhali angaphandle komthetho i-cimetidine (Tagamet HB) ne-omeprazole (Prilosec).\n- I-Chemotherapy yokwelapha umdlavuza.\n- Amakhambi ezinhlungu zenhliziyo, njenge-digoxin (Lanoxin) nama-calcium channel blockers.\n- Amakhambi okuqeda isisu, njenge-metoclopramide\n\Izinto ezingabangela i-gynecomastia zihlanganisa:\n\n- U-Alkohols.\n- Ama-steroids anabolic asetshenziswa ukwakha imisipha nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezemidlalo.\n- Ama-Amphetamines.\n- I-Marijuana.\n- I-Heroin.\n- I-Methadone (Methadose).\n\Izimo ezithile zempilo ezihlupha ibhalansi yamahomoni zingabangela noma zihambisane ne-gynecomastia. Zihlanganisa:\n\n- I-Hypogonadism. Izimo eziwehlisa inani le-testosterone umzimba owenza zingahlotshaniswa ne-gynecomastia. Amanye amabhinqa yi-Klinefelter syndrome ne-pituitary insufficiency.\n- Ubudala. Izinqubo zamahomoni ezenzeka ngokuguga zingabangela i-gynecomastia, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesisindo esiningi.\n- Ukuqhuma. Amanye ukuqhuma angenza ama-hormone ashintsha ibhalansi yamahomoni emzimba. Lawo ahlanganisa ukuqhuma okuhilela ama-testes, ama-adrenal glands noma i-pituitary gland.\n- I-Hyperthyroidism. Kulesi simo, i-thyroid gland yenza okuningi kwe-thyroxine yehomoni.\n- Ukungasebenzi kwesibindi. Cishe ingxenye yabantu abamukela ukwelashwa kwe-dialysis bathuthukisa i-gynecomastia ngenxa yezinqubo zamahomoni.\n- Ukungasebenzi kwesibindi ne-cirrhosis. Izinqubo amazinga ama-hormone ahlobene nezinkinga zesibindi nama-cirrhosis amakhambi ahlotshaniswa ne-gynecomastia.\n- Ukondleka okungalungile nokudla ukudla okuncane. Uma umzimba ungawutholi ukudla okwanele, amazinga e-testosterone awehla. Kodwa amazinga e-estrogen ahlala afanayo. Lokhu kubangela ukungalingani kwama-hormone.\n\Amanye amafutha ezitshalo asetshenziswa e-shampoos, izifebe noma ama-lotions ahlanganiswe ne-gynecomastia. Lawo ahlanganisa i-tea tree noma i-lavender oil. Lokhu cishe kungenxa yezinto eziku-oil ezingalingisa i-estrogen noma ezihlupha i-testosterone.

Izimbangela ezingozi ze-gynecomastia zifaka phakathi:

• Ubuntwana.
• Ubudala obukhulu.
• Ukukhuluphala.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-anabolic steroids ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezemidlalo.
• Izimo ezithile zezempilo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isifo sochopho nesingxengxezi, isifo se-thyroid, i-Klinefelter syndrome nezinye iziphumu.

I-Gynecomastia ayinazinkinga eziningi zokwenyama. Kodwa ingadala ukukhathazeka ngempilo yengqondo ngenxa yizinguquko ezikhona endleleni isifuba esibukeka ngayo.

Izici eziningi onazo ekulawuleni kwakho zinganciphisa ingozi ye-gynecomastia:

• Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa. Isibonelo sibandakanya ama-anabolic steroids, ama-amphetamines, i-heroin ne-marijuana.
• Khawukhawulelise noma uhlale uqaphile utshwala. Kusiza ukungaphuzi utshwala. Uma uphuza, yenza kancane. Lokho kusho ukuthi akufanele kudlule izicucu ezimbili ngosuku kumadoda.

Ukuthola ukuthi uyabe une-gynecomastia, ilungu leqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo liqala ngokukubuza imibuzo ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, cishe uzobuzwa ngezimpawu zakho nanoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo. Uphinde unikezwe ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuhlola ithusi lakho lesifuba, indawo yesisu namalungu amadoda.

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo cishe lizo-oda ukuhlolwa. Lokhu kungasiza ukuthola imbangela engenzeka ye-gynecomastia noma ukubheka izimo ezingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo. Ukuhlolwa kungase futhi kwenziwe ukuhlola umdlavuza wesifuba. Ungase udinga ukuhlolwa okunjengokulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
• Ama-mammograms - Lokhu yi-X-ray yesifuba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Computerized tomography (CT) - Lokhu yuchungechunge lwe-X-rays ezithathwe emakhoneni ahlukene.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kusebenzisa insimu yamagnethi namaza omsakazo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwe-testicular - Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukwenza izithombe zamathumbu kanye nethusi eliwazungezile.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-tissue biopsies - Le nqubo isusa ingxenye encane yethishu, eyibuye ihlolwe elabhoratri.

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwempilo lizothanda ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukukhula kwesifuba sakho yi-gynecomastia hhayi enye isimo. Ezinye izimo ezingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo zihlanganisa:

• Ithusi lesifuba elikhulu. Elinye igama laleli yi-pseudogynecomastia. Abanye abantu, ikakhulu labo abanesisindo esingaphezulu, banemafutha esifuba abonakala njenge-gynecomastia. Kodwa akuyona into efanayo ne-gynecomastia. Kubantu abaxilongwe ngalesi simo, akukho ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe okudingekayo.
• Umdlavuza wesifuba. Umdlavuza wesifuba awuvamile kubantu, kodwa ungenzeka. Ukukhula kwesifuba esisodwa noma ukuba khona kombumbulu oluqinile kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngomdlavuza wesifuba samadoda.
• Mastitis. Lokhu yithishu yesifuba ebuhlungu ngezinye izikhathi ehilela ukutheleleka.
• Lipoma. Lo mbumbulu wemafutha okhula kancane, awuyona umdlavuza.