Ukutheleleka Kwehelicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori)

Ukutheleleka yiHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) kwenzeka lapho ibhaktheriya yeHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) iphethe isisu sakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Isizathu esivamile sezilonda zesisu (izilonda ze-peptic), ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori kungase kube khona kubantu abangaphezu kwengxenye emhlabeni.

Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi banokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori ngoba abazange bagule ngakho. Uma uthola izimpawu ze-ulcer ye-peptic, umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo cishe uzokuhlola ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori. I-ulcer ye-peptic iyilonda ekuqaleni kwesisu (i-ulcer ye-gastric) noma ingxenye yokuqala yomthambo omncane (i-ulcer ye-duodenal).

Ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori kuphathwa ngama-antibiotic.

Abantu abaningi abane-H. pylori infection ngeke babe nazimpawu noma yiziphi. Akucaci ukuthi kungani abantu abaningi abanawo ubuhlungu. Kodwa abanye abantu bangazalwa benokumelana okukhulu nemiphumela elimazayo ye-H. pylori.

Uma izimpawu noma izimpawu zivela nge-H. pylori infection, ngokuvamile zihambisana ne-gastritis noma isihlungu se-peptic futhi zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukuvutha esiswini (isisu)
• Ubuhlungu besisu obungase bube bukhulu lapho isisu sakho silikhulu
• Ukupukeka kwesisu
• Ukwehluleka kokudla
• Ukugabha njalo
• Ukukhuluphala
• Ukwehluleka kokuzinzile kwesisindo

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba yi-gastritis noma isihlungu se-peptic. Funani usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma una:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma obuqhubekayo esiswini (esibili) obunokukuphulukisa ebuthongweni
• Izisu ezigcwele igazi noma ezimnyama
• Ukugabha igazi noma okumnyama noma ukugabha okubonakala sengathi yizinkuni zekofi

Ukutheleleka yi-H. pylori kwenzeka lapho ibhaktheriya ye-H. pylori iyingxenye yesisu sakho. Ibhaktheriya ye-H. pylori ngokuvamile idluliselwa komunye umuntu ngokuxhumana ngqo nesiwula, ukugabha noma izinsalela. I-H. pylori ingase isakazeke ngokudla noma amanzi angcolile. Indlela eqondile ibhaktheriya ye-H. pylori ebangela i-gastritis noma isihlungu se-peptic kwabanye abantu isalwazi.

Abantu bavame ukuthola ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori ebuntwaneni. Izimbangela ezingozi zokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori zihambelana nezimo zokuphila ebuntwaneni, ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuphila ezimweni ezikhukhumele. Ukuphila endlini enabantu abaningi kungandisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori.
• Ukuphila ngaphandle kwesiphetho esiqinisekile samanzi ahlanzekile. Ukuba nesiphetho esiqinisekile samanzi ahlanzekile, agijimayo kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi ye-H. pylori.
• Ukuphila ezweni elithuthukayo. Abantu abahlala emazweni asathuthuka banengozi enkulu yokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimo zokuphila ezikhukhumele nezingcolile zingavamile emazweni asathuthuka.
• Ukuphila nomuntu onokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori. Kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori uma uhlala nomuntu onokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori.

Izinkinga ezihambisana nokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori zihlanganisa:

• Izihlamba. I-H. pylori ingalimaza ukugqoka okukhuselayo kwesisu nesisu esincane. Lokhu kungavumela ukuba ama-asidi esisu enze isihlungu esivulekile (isihlamba). Cishe i-10% yabantu abane-H. pylori bazophumelela isihlamba.
• Ukuvuvukala kokugqoka kwesisu. Ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori kungathinta isisu, kubangele ukuvuvukala nokuqina (gastritis).
• Umgqonyo wesisu. Ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori kuyimbangela enkulu yengozi yezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesisu.

Ezindaweni zomhlaba lapho ukutheleleka yi-H. pylori nezinhlungu zayo kuvamile khona, abahlinzeki bezempilo ngezinye izikhathi bahlola abantu abaphilile be-H. pylori. Ukuthi kukhona yini inzuzo yokuhlola ukutheleleka yi-H. pylori uma ungenawo ama-sign noma izimpawu zokutheleleka kuphikiswana phakathi kwabachwepheshe. Uma ukhathazekile ngokutheleleka yi-H. pylori noma ucabanga ukuthi ungase ube sengozini enkulu yomdlavuza wesisu, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ndingakusiza ukuba unqume ukuthi ungase uzuze yini ekuhlolweni kwe-H. pylori.

Izivivinyo eziningi nezinqubo zisetshenziswa ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi ngabe une-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) yokutheleleka. Ukuhlolwa kubalulekile ekutholeni i-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Ukuhlolwa kabusha ngemva kokwelashwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-H. pylori isiphelile. Izivivinyo zingase zenziwe usebenzisa isampula yesisu, ngokuhlolwa komoya nangokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy ephezulu.

Phakathi kokuhlolwa komoya - okuthiwa ukuhlolwa komoya we-urea - uhlanza iphilisi, isiliva noma i-pudding ene-carbon molecules ephawulwe. Uma une-H. pylori yokutheleleka, i-carbon ikhululwa lapho isisombululo sihlangana ne-H. pylori esiswini sakho.

Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wakho uthatha i-carbon, ikhululwa lapho uphefumula. Ukuze ukwazi ukulinganisa ukukhululwa kwe-carbon, uphefumula esikhwameni. Idivayisi ekhethekile ithola i-carbon molecules. Lolu hlolo lungasetshenziswa kubantu abadala nakubantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6 abakwazi ukubambisana nokuhlolwa.

Umhlinzeki wezempilo angase enze ukuhlolwa kwe-scope, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy ephezulu. Umhlinzeki wakho angase enze lo mvivinyo ukuze ahlole izimpawu ezingase zibangelwe yizimo ezinjengesiqephu se-peptic noma i-gastritis engase ibe ngenxa ye-H. pylori.

Kulolu hlolo, uzothola imithi ezosiza ukuthi uphumule. Phakathi kokuhlolwa, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ugcina i-tube ende, eguquguqukayo ene-camera encane (endoscope) ehlanganisiwe phansi komlomo wakho ne-esophagus bese uya esiswini sakho nengxenye yokuqala yesisu (duodenum). Leli thuluzi liyavumela umhlinzeki wakho ukubona noma yiziphi izinkinga ezindaweni zakho zokugaya ukudla eziphezulu. Umhlinzeki wakho angase athathe amasampula e-tissue (biopsy). La masampula ahlolwa ngokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori.

Ngenxa yokuthi lo mvivinyo uqina kakhulu kunokuhlolwa komoya noma isisu, ngokuvamile wenziwa ukuze kuqondwe ezinye izinkinga zokugaya ukudla kanye nokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangase basebenzise lo mvivinyo ukuze bahlole futhi babukele ezinye izimo zokugaya ukudla. Bangase futhi basebenzise lo mvivinyo ukuze baqonde ukuthi yiliphi i-antibiotic elihle kakhulu lokwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori, ikakhulukazi uma ama-antibiotic okuqala azame angakwazi ukususa ukutheleleka.

Lo mvivinyo ungase uphindwe ngemva kokwelashwa, kuye ngalokho okutholakele e-endoscopy yokuqala noma uma izimpawu ziqhubeka ngemva kokwelashwa kokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori.

Ama-antibiotic angaphazamisa ukunemba kokuhlolwa. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kabusha kwenziwa kuphela ngemva kokuba ama-antibiotic ayeka amasonto amane, uma kungenzeka.

Amadwala okucima i-acid aaziwa ngokuthi i-proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) ne-bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) angase futhi aphazamise ukunemba kwalezi zivivinyo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ama-acid-suppressing drugs aziwa ngokuthi i-histamine (H-2) blockers angase futhi aphazamise ukunemba kwalezi zivivinyo. Kuye ngemithi oyithathayo, kuzodingeka uyiyeke, uma kungenzeka, amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlinzeka ngemiyalo ekhethekile mayelana nemithi yakho.

Izivivinyo ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa ekutholakaleni zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuthiwe ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori sekuphelile. Uma uqale wakhonjiswa ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori, ngokuvamile uzolinda okungenani amasonto amane ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa kwakho kwe-antibiotic ukuze uphinde uqhubeke nalezi zivivinyo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen yesisu. Lolu yilona hlolo oluvamile lesisu lokuthola i-H. pylori. Ukuhlolwa kubheka amaprotheni (ama-antigen) ahlotshaniswa nokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori esiswini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR yesisu. Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu okuthiwa ukuhlolwa kwe-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) yesisu kungathola ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori esiswini. Ukuhlolwa kungase futhi kuqonde ukuguqulwa okungase kube nokumelana nama-antibiotic asetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-H. pylori. Noma kunjalo, lo mvivinyo ukhulu kune-antigen test yesisu futhi ungase ungatholakali kuwo wonke amasiko ezempilo.

Ukutheleleka yi-H. pylori kuvame ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic okungenani amabili ngesikhathi sinye. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ibhaktheriya ekukhuliseni ukhuseleko oluthile lwe-antibiotic.

Ukwelashwa kungafaka nezinye izidakamizwa ezisiza isisu sakho siphulukane, okuhlanganisa:

Kuyelulekwa ukuhlolwa kabusha kwe-H. pylori okungenani emavikini amane ngemva kokwelashwa kwakho. Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa akukhiphile ukutheleleka, ungase udinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-antibiotic okuhlukile.

• Abaphuli be-proton pump (PPIs). Lezi zidakamizwa ziyayeka ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi esiswini. Ezinye izibonelo ze-proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) yi-omeprazole (Prilosec), i-esomeprazole (Nexium), i-lansoprazole (Prevacid) ne-pantoprazole (Protonix).
• Bismuth subsalicylate. Eyaziwa kakhulu ngegama lebhrendi elithi Pepto-Bismol, leli lethu lisebenza ngokugqoka isihlungu nokulvikela ekuswini le-asidi.
• Abaphuli be-histamine (H-2). Lezi zidakamizwa zivala into ebizwa nge-histamine, eyaqalisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi. Isibonelo sinye yi-cimetidine (Tagamet HB). Abaphuli be-histamine (H-2) banqunywe kuphela ngokutheleleka yi-H. pylori uma i-PPIs ingasetshenziswa.