Ukulimala, I-Leukemia Yeseli Ezinwele

Amasosha amnyama kule foto yizicubu ze-hairy cell leukemia. Izicubu ze-hairy cell leukemia zibonakala zinezinyoni uma zibonwa ngaphansi komkhiqizo. “Uboya” empeleni yizici ezinqunu ezivela eselini.

I-Hairy cell leukemia yisifo somdlavuza wezicubu ezimhlophe zegazi. Izicubu ezimhlophe zegazi zisiza ekuqedeni amagerm. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezahlukene zezicubu ezimhlophe zegazi. Izicubu ezimhlophe zegazi ezihilelekile ku-hairy cell leukemia zibizwa ngokuthi yi-B cells. I-B cells zibizwa nangokuthi yi-B lymphocytes.

Phambili ku-hairy cell leukemia, umzimba uqamba izicubu ze-B eziningi kakhulu. Izicubu azibonakali njengezicubu ze-B ezempilo. Esikhundleni salokho, ziguqukile zibe yizicubu zomdlavuza. Izicubu zomdlavuza zibonakala “zinebonyoni” ngaphansi komkhiqizo.

Izicubu ze-hairy cell leukemia zihlala ziphila lapho izicubu ezempilo zifa khona njengengxenye yomjikelezo wokuphila kwesicubu semvelo. Izicubu zomdlavuza ziyakha emzimbeni futhi zibangele izimpawu.

I-Hairy cell leukemia ivame ukuba sibi kancane kancane. Ukwelashwa kungenzeka kungadingeki ukuqala ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, ukwelashwa kuvame ukuba yi-chemotherapy.

Osayensi bathole uhlobo lomdlavuza olufana ne-hairy cell leukemia, kodwa oluya sibi ngokushesha kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lubizwa ngokuthi yi-hairy cell leukemia variant. Kubhekwa njengohlobo oluhlukile lomdlavuza oluvela ku-hairy cell leukemia, ngisho noma unegama elifanayo.

Ikliniki

Samukela abaguli abasha. Iqembu lethu lochwepheshe limi ukukuhlela i-aphoyintimenti yakho ye-hairy cell leukemia manje.

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I-lukimiya yasemisebeni ingase ingabangeli izimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zezempilo uyithola ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi lesimo esinye.

Uma ibangela izimpawu, i-lukimiya yasemisebeni ingabangela:

• Ukuzizwa kukugcwele esiswini sakho okungase kukwenze kube nzima ukudla okungaphezu kwalutshwana ngesikhathi
• Ukukhathala
• Ukulunywa kalula
• Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo
• Ubuthakathaka
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzikhandla

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma unezimpawu eziqhubekayo nezinkomba ezikukhathazayo.

Akuqondakali ukuthi yini ebangela i-hairy cell leukemia.

I-Hairy cell leukemia iqala kuma-seli egazi amhlophe. Amaseli egazi amhlophe asisiza ukulwa nezifo emzimbeni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamaseli egazi amhlophe. Amaseli egazi amhlophe ahilelekile ku-hairy cell leukemia abizwa ngama-B cells.

I-Hairy cell leukemia kwenzeka lapho ama-B cells ehlanganisa izinguquko ku-DNA yawo. I-DNA yeselula iqukethe imiyalo eyalela iselula ukuthi yenze ini. Izinguquko zitshela ama-B cells ukuba enze ama-B cells amaningi kakhulu angasebenzi kahle. La maseli aqhubeka ephila lapho amaseli anempilo efa njengengxenye yomjikelezo wokuphila kweselula wemvelo.

Ama-B cells angasebenzi kahle agcwalisa amaseli egazi anempilo emathanjeni amathambo nakwezinye izitho. Lokhu kuholela ezimpahleni nasezinkingeni ze-hairy cell leukemia. Ngokwesibonelo, amaseli engeziwe angabangela ukukhula kwespleen, isibindi nama-lymph nodes. Uma kungekho indawo eyanele yamaseli egazi anempilo, lokhu kungabangela ukutheleleka okuvamile, ukulunywa kalula nokukhathala kakhulu.

Ingozi yokuba ne-hairy cell leukemia ingaba phezulu kulaba bantu:

• Abantu abadala. I-Hairy cell leukemia ingahlasela noma yimuphi umuntu, kungakhathaliseki iminyaka yakhe. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abatholakala benaleli gciwane baneminyaka engama-50 noma engama-60. Kulukhuni kubantwana.
• Amadoda. I-Hairy cell leukemia ingahlasela noma ubani. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka kakhulu kumadoda.

I-lukimiya yasezinwele eziningi ngokuvamile iba mbi kancane kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi ihlala iphelele iminyaka eminingi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kukhona izinkinga ezimbalwa zesifo.

Uma kuneselula ze-lukimiya eziningi emzimbeni, zingagcwala iiseli zegazi eziphilile. Lokho kungabangela:

• Ukutheleleka. Umzimba wakho udinga amaseli amhlophe egazi aphilile ukuze alwe nezifo. Uma umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukwenza amaseli amhlophe egazi aphilile ngokwanele, ungathola ukutheleleka okuningi.
• Ukuphuza igazi. Umzimba wakho udinga amaseli e-platelet aphilile ukuze ulawule ukuphuza igazi. Uma inani le-platelet egazini lakho liphansi, ungase uqaphele ukuthi uqhaqhazela kalula. Ungase futhi uphuze igazi ekhaleni noma emazinyweni.
• Ukuhlupheka kwegazi. Umzimba wakho udinga amaseli abomvu egazi aphilile ukuze athwale i-oksijini emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba namaseli abomvu egazi ambalwa kakhulu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlupheka kwegazi. Ukuhlupheka kwegazi kungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu.

Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi abantu abane-lukimiya yasezinwele eziningi banengozi enkulu yokuthola ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Eminye imidlavuza ihlanganisa i-lymphoma engafani ne-Hodgkin, i-lymphoma ye-Hodgkin nezinye. Akucaci ukuthi eminye imidlavuza ibangelwa yi-lukimiya yasezinwele eziningi noma ngokwelashwa komdlavuza.

Ucezwana yilungo elincane, ngokuvamile elingaphezu komkhulu weqhoba lakho. Kodwa izimo eziningi, kufaka phakathi isifo sochopho nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, zingabangela ukukhula kwecezwana lakho.

Ekukhipheni komgogodla wamathambo, ochwepheshe wezempilo usebenzisa inhlanzi encane ukuze akhiphe inani elincane le-marrow yamathambo. Ngokuvamile kuthathwa endaweni esemva kwethambo lomhlane, elibizwa nangokuthi i-pelvis. I-biopsy yomgogodla wamathambo ivame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Le nqubo yesibili ikhipha ingxenye encane yethambo lethambo kanye ne-marrow evaliwe.

Ukuze uxilongwe i-leukemia yeselula ezinwele, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakuncoma:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba. Umhlinzeki wakho angase azwe icezwana lakho ukuze abone ukuthi lilikhulu kangakanani. Icezwana yilungo elinobukhulu obunjenge-oval eceleni kwesobunxele sokugcina esiswini. Uma icezwana lakho likhulu kakhulu ungase uzwe ukugcwaliswa esiswini. Ungase ube nobuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki uma udle.
• I-biopsy yomgogodla wamathambo. I-biopsy yomgogodla wamathambo inqubo yokususa ingxenye ye-marrow yamathambo akho ukuze uhlolwe. Umhlinzeki wakho uzokususa inani elincane le-marrow yamathambo endaweni yethambo lakho. Lesi sibonelo sisetshenziswa ukufuna amaseli e-leukemia yeselula ezinwele.
• Izivivinyo zelebhu zokuhlaziya amaseli e-leukemia. Amaseli e-leukemia yeselula ezinwele aqoqwe egazini lakho nase-marrow yamathambo ahlolwa elebhu. Lezi zivivinyo zibheka izinguquko ku-DNA yamaseli. Lokhu kusiza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi aqonde i-prognosis yakho nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezikufanele.
• I-scan ye-Computerized tomography (CT). I-CT scan ibonisa izithombe eziningiliziwe zangaphakathi komzimba wakho. Umhlinzeki wakho angase ayalele i-CT scan ukuze abuke ukukhula kwecezwana lakho namathumba akho.

Izivivinyo zegazi. Ungase ube nevivinyo legazi ukuze ulinganise amazinga amaseli egazi egazini lakho. Leli vivinyo libizwa ngokuthi i-complete blood count (CBC) enenhlanganisela.

Unezinhlu ezintathu eziyinhloko zamaseli egazi egazini lakho. Zifaka amaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi nama-platelets. Ku-leukemia yeselula ezinwele, i-CBC test ingabonisa ukuthi wonke amazinga ala maseli aphansi kakhulu.

Olunye uhlobo lwevivinyo legazi lungase lufaka ukubuka igazi lakho ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Leli vivinyo lingathola amaseli e-leukemia yeselula ezinwele. Leli vivinyo libizwa ngokuthi i-peripheral blood smear.

Ukwelapha i-leukemia yeseli ezinwele kuhle ekulawuleni isifo. Kodwa akukwazi ukuyisusa ngokuphelele. Esikhundleni salokho, ukwelapha kungalawula umdlavuza ukuze ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokuphila kwakho njengokujwayelekile. Abantu abane-leukemia yeseli ezinwele bangaphila nesifo iminyaka eminingi.

Ukuphathwa kwe-leukemia yeseli ezinwele akudingeki kuqale ngaso leso sikhathi. Lo mdlavuza uhlala uba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungakhetha ukulinda futhi uthole ukwelashwa uma umdlavuza uqala ukubangela izimpawu.

Uma ungenayo ukwelashwa, uzobe unemihlangano ejwayelekile nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ungaba nezivivinyo zegazi ukuze ubone ukuthi i-leukemia yeseli ezinwele iba sibi yini.

Unganquma ukuqala ukwelashwa uma uqala ukuthola izimpawu ze-leukemia yeseli ezinwele. Abantu abaningi abane-leukemia yeseli ezinwele ekugcineni bazodinga ukwelashwa.

I-Chemotherapy ukwelashwa kwemithi okusebenzisa imithi enamandla ukubulala amaseli omdlavuza. Ngokuvamile kuyilona ukwelashwa lokuqala lwe-leukemia yeseli ezinwele. I-Chemotherapy isebenza kakhulu kwi-leukemia yeseli ezinwele. Abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka okuphelele noma okulinganiselwe ngemuva kwe-chemotherapy. Ukukhululeka kusho ukuthi awunazo izimpawu zomdlavuza.

I-Chemotherapy ye-leukemia yeseli ezinwele inganikezwa njengesiphuzo. Noma inganikezwa njengokufakwa emithanjeni.

Uma i-leukemia yakho yeseli ezinwele ibuya, umhlinzeki wakho angakuncoma ukupheka kabusha i-chemotherapy ngemithi efanayo noma ukuzama imithi ehlukile. Enye indlela ingaba ukwelashwa kwemithi okuqondiswe.

Ukuphathwa kwemithi okuqondiswe kuhlasela amakhemikhali athile akhona ngaphakathi kwamaseli omdlavuza. Ngokuvimba lawa makhemikhali, ukwelashwa kwemithi okuqondiswe kungabangela ukufa kwamaseli omdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa kwemithi okuqondiswe ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa lokuqala lwe-leukemia yeseli ezinwele. Kungasetshenziswa ne-chemotherapy. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa okuqondiswe kuyindlela uma umdlavuza ubuya ngemuva kwe-chemotherapy.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola amaseli akho omdlavuza ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kwemithi okuqondiswe kungenzeka yini ukusebenza kuwe.

Alukho omunye amayeza asize ekwelapheni i-leukemia yeseli ezinwele. Ukwelashwa okunye kungasiza ngezinye izindlela. Kungakusiza ukubhekana noxinzelelo lokuxilongwa komdlavuza nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngezinketho zakho, ezifana no:

• Ukwelashwa nge-Art
• Ukuzivocavoca
• Ukucamngca
• Ukwelashwa ngomculo
• Ukuzivocavoca kokupumula
• Ubukhulu

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza kungazizwa kukhulu kakhulu. Ukuze sikusize ukubhekana nakho, ungacabanga ukuzama ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:

• Thola ulwazi olufanele ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho. Funda nge-leukemia yeseli ezinwele nokuphathwa komdlavuza. Lokhu kungakusiza uzizwe uqinisekile ngokwenza izinqumo mayelana nokuphathwa kwakho. Cela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuba akuphakamise imithombo ethembekile yolwazi ukuze uqale.
• Zikhathalelani. Awukwazi ukulawula ukuthi i-leukemia yakho yeseli ezinwele ibuya yini, kodwa ungalawula ezinye izici zezempilo yakho.

Zikhathalelani ngokudla ukudla okuhlanzekile okunemithombo eminingi yezithelo nemifino. Zivocavoca njalo. Thola ubuthongo obanele ukuze uvuke uzizwa uphumule. Thola izindlela ezempilo zokubhekana noxinzelelo ekuphileni kwakho.

Funa umhlinzeki wakho mayelana namaqembu wokusekela noma izinhlangano emphakathini wakho ezingakuxhumanisa nabanye abasinde bomdlavuza. Izinhlangano ezifana neHairy Cell Leukemia Foundation neLeukemia & Lymphoma Society zinikeza izindlela zokuxhumana nabanye online.

Zikhathalelani. Awukwazi ukulawula ukuthi i-leukemia yakho yeseli ezinwele ibuya yini, kodwa ungalawula ezinye izici zezempilo yakho.

Zikhathalelani ngokudla ukudla okuhlanzekile okunemithombo eminingi yezithelo nemifino. Zivocavoca njalo. Thola ubuthongo obanele ukuze uvuke uzizwa uphumule. Thola izindlela ezempilo zokubhekana noxinzelelo ekuphileni kwakho.