Ubuthi be-Hashimoto? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Ubuthi be-Hashimoto yisimo sokuziphatha komzimba lapho isimo sakho sokuvikela umzimba sihlasela ngephutha i-gland yakho ye-thyroid. Lo mhlasele oqhubekayo ulimaza kancane kancane i-thyroid, okwenza ingakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-hormone anele umzimba wakho owafunayo ukuze usebenze kahle.

Cabanga nge-thyroid yakho njengendawo yokulawula ukusebenza komzimba wakho. Uma i-Hashimoto iphazamisa le nqubo, inganciphisa izinqubo eziningi zomzimba wakho. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lesi simo siphatheka kakhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele, futhi abantu abaningi abane-Hashimoto baphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngokuphelele.

Iyini i-Hashimoto's Disease?

Ubuthi be-Hashimoto yimbangela evamile kakhulu ye-hypothyroidism e-United States. Isimo sakho sokuvikela umzimba sakha ama-antibodies abhubhisa kancane kancane inyama ye-thyroid ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni. Le nqubo ivame ukuba kancane futhi ingenabuhlungu, kungakho abantu abaningi bengayiqapheli ekuqaleni.

I-thyroid iyigland encane, enesimo sebhatafu, ebusweni bakho ekhiqiza ama-hormone alawula ukusebenza komzimba wakho, izinga lokubethela kwenhliziyo, nokuthambisa komzimba. Uma i-Hashimoto ilimaza le gland, ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone kwehla, okuholela ku-hypothyroidism. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinqubo zomzimba wakho zihamba kancane, zithinta konke kusukela emazingeni amandla akho kuya ekweluleni kwakho.

Abesifazane banethuba elingaphezu kwesikhombisa lokuthuthukisa i-Hashimoto kunabesilisa, ikakhulukazi phakathi nokuphakathi kweminyaka. Noma kunjalo, lingathinta noma ubani kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, kufaka phakathi izingane nabantu abasha.

Ziyini Izimpawu ze-Hashimoto's Disease?

Izimpawu ze-Hashimoto zithuthuka kancane kancane futhi zingaba zingebonakali ekuqaleni, zivame ukudideka nokwesaba noma ukuguga. Abantu abaningi baqaphela ukuzizwa bekhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile noma ukuba nezinselele zokugxila ngaphambi kokuba kube khona ezinye izimpawu.

Nawa izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo nobuthakathaka, ngisho nangemuva kokulala okwanele
• Ukuzuza isisindo okungachazeki noma ubunzima bokulahlekelwa isisindo
• Ukuzizwa ubandayo ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezandleni nasezinzwini zakho
• Iinwele ezomile, ezinciphile ezingase ziwe ngaphezu kokujwayelekile
• Isikumba esomile, esikhrohlekile esizizwa siqine uma siqondwa
• I-constipation engathuthuki ngokushintsha ukudla
• Izikhathi zenyanga ezithwalayo noma ezingavamile
• Ukudideka noma ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo
• Izinkinga zokukhumbula noma ukungakhanyi kwengqondo
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina kwamajozi

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile njengobuso obuqhwakele, izwi elibuthakathaka, noma i-goiter (i-thyroid gland enkulu ekhiqiza ukukhula okubonakalayo ebusweni bakho). Khumbula, izimpawu zingase zihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, futhi awudingi ukuba nazo zonke lezi ukuze ube ne-Hashimoto.

Yini ebangela i-Hashimoto's Disease?

I-Hashimoto ithuthuka lapho isimo sakho sokuvikela umzimba sidideka futhi siqala ukuhlasela inyama ye-thyroid enempilo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuxuba kokuthambekela kwezofuzo nokuphazamiseka kwemvelo, yize imbangela eqondile ingaqondakali ngokuphelele.

Izofuzo zakho zidlalela indima ebalulekile ekuqondeni ingozi yakho. Uma unezilwane zomndeni ezine-Hashimoto noma ezinye izimo zokuziphatha komzimba njenge-type 1 diabetes noma i-rheumatoid arthritis, unethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa wena ngokwakho. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nalezi zofuzo akusho ukuthi uzothola lesi sifo.

Izici zemvelo zingaphakamisa i-Hashimoto kubantu abanesifo sezofuzo. Lezi ziphakamiso zingafaka phakathi ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ukutheleleka (ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka kwamagciwane), ukukhulelwa, noma ukukhombisa amakhemikhali athile. Abanye abacwaningi nabo bahlola ukuthi amazinga okudla i-iodine angase athinte ukuthuthukiswa, yize lobu buhlobo bungabonakali ngokucacile.

Ukushintsha kwama-hormone kubonakala sengathi kudlala indima futhi, okuchaza ukuthi kungani abesifazane bethinteka kakhulu futhi kungani izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-menopause, noma ezinye izikhathi zokuguquguquka kwama-hormone.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngokuphathelene ne-Hashimoto's Disease?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukushintsha kwesisindo okungachazeki, noma izimpawu eziningi ezishiwo ngenhla. Ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kungavimbela ukuphazamiseka futhi kukusize uzizwe ukhulu ngokushesha.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ngokushesha uma uqaphela ukuhlanganiswa kwezimpawu njengokukhathala okuqhubekayo naphezu kokulala okwanele, ukuzizwa ubandayo lapho abanye bekhululekile, noma ukushintsha kwesikhathi sakho senyanga. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi i-thyroid yakho ayisebenzi kahle.

Ungalindi uma uthuthukisa i-goiter (ukukhula ebusweni bakho), unebunzima bokuginya, noma uhlangabezana nokucindezeleka okukhulu noma izinkinga zokukhumbula. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingaba nezinye izimbangela, zidinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kuvinjwe izinkinga ze-thyroid.

Uma unomlando womndeni wesifo se-thyroid noma ezinye izimo zokuziphatha komzimba, cabanga ngokuxoxa ngokuhlolwa nodokotela wakho ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi ze-Hashimoto's Disease?

Ukuqonda izici zakho zengozi kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho uhlale ulungile ngezimpawu zokuqala ze-Hashimoto. Ezinye izici awukwazi ukuzilawula, kanti ezinye ungase ukwazi ukuziphatha.

Izici zengozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zifaka:

• Ukuba owesifazane, ikakhulukazi phakathi kweminyaka engu-30-50
• Ukuba nezilwane zomndeni ezinesifo se-thyroid noma izimo zokuziphatha komzimba
• Ukuba nezinye izifo zokuziphatha komzimba njenge-type 1 diabetes, i-celiac disease, noma i-rheumatoid arthritis
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid zangaphambili noma ukukhombisa i-radiation ebusweni
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukukhulelwa kwakamuva (i-postpartum thyroiditis ingaphakamisa i-Hashimoto)
• Amazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka noma ukushintsha okukhulu kokuphila
• Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane athile

Ezinye izici zengozi ezingavamile zifaka ukuba ne-Down syndrome, i-Turner syndrome, noma ukusebenzisa imithi ethile njenge-lithium noma i-interferon. Ukubhema kungase futhi kukhulise ingozi yakho, yize ubuhlobo bungelona oluqinile njengoba kunjalo kwezinye izici.

Ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzothuthukisa ngokuqinisekile i-Hashimoto, kodwa kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu.

Ziyini Iziphazamiso Ezingase Zivele Ngokuphathelene ne-Hashimoto's Disease?

Abantu abaningi abane-Hashimoto benza kahle kakhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele, kodwa i-hypothyroidism engaphathwe ingaletha izinkinga zempilo ezinzima ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi ziphazamiso zingavikeleka ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele.

Iziphazamiso ezivamile ze-Hashimoto engaphathwe zifaka:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo, kufaka phakathi inhliziyo enkulu, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma ukushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo
• Amazinga aphezulu we-cholesterol akhulise ingozi ye-cardiovascular
• Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, ikakhulukazi ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka
• Ukungaqondi noma ukukhulelwa okuyinkinga
• I-Goiter (i-thyroid enkulu) engase ithinte ukuphefumula noma ukuginya

Iziphazamiso ezinzima kodwa ezingavamile zingafaka i-myxedema coma, isimo esiyingozi kakhulu lapho imisebenzi yomzimba ihamba kancane kakhulu. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka kuphela ezimweni ezinzima, ezingaphathwe isikhathi eside futhi kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-Hashimoto engaphathwe ingase ikhulise ubungozi bokulahlekelwa umntwana, ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, noma izinkinga zokuthuthuka kumntwana. Noma kunjalo, ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokwelashwa, abesifazane abaningi abane-Hashimoto banokukhulelwa okunempilo.

Ukukhathalela okuvamile kwezokwelapha nokusebenzisa imithi eyalwe njengoba kuqondiswe cishe kuphelisa ingozi yalezi ziphazamiso. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela isimo sakho ukuze abambe noma yikuphi ukushintsha kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.

I-Hashimoto's Disease Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hashimoto kuhilela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid yakho futhi kubukele ama-antibodies athile. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokulalela izimpawu zakho futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba, kufaka phakathi ukuzwa ebusweni bakho ukuze ubone ukukhula kwe-thyroid.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubaluleke kakhulu kufaka ukulinganisa i-TSH (i-thyroid-stimulating hormone) ne-free T4 (thyroxine). Amazinga aphezulu e-TSH ahlangene namazinga e-T4 aphansi noma ajwayelekile abonisa i-hypothyroidism. Udokotela wakho uzohlola futhi ama-antibodies e-thyroid, ikakhulukazi ama-anti-TPO (ama-anti-thyroid peroxidase) nama-anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, akhona kubantu abaningi abane-Hashimoto.

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase ayalele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe njenge-thyroid ultrasound ukuze ahlole usayizi negaba le-gland. Leli thuluzi lingabonisa iphethini evamile yokulimala kwenyama ebangelwa yi-Hashimoto.

Inqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ilula, yize kungase kudingeke isikhathi sokuqonda indlela efanele yokwelapha isimo sakho esithile. Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukuphakamisa ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze alandele indlela isimo sakho siqhubeka ngayo.

Iyini Ukwelashwa kwe-Hashimoto's Disease?

Ukuphatha i-Hashimoto kugxile ekuthini ukufaka ama-hormone i-thyroid yakho ingasakwazi ukuwakhiqiza ngokwanele. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko yimithi yansuku zonke ebizwa nge-levothyroxine, inguqulo ye-synthetic ye-thyroid hormone T4.

I-Levothyroxine ithathiwe njengephilisi, ngokuvamile ekuseni kakhulu isisu silikhulu. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngenani elithile ngokusekelwe ekuzimeni kwakho, iminyaka, nobunzima be-hypothyroidism, bese uyilungisa ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwegazi okulandelayo. Ukuthola inani elifanele kungathatha izinyanga eziningana zokulungisa.

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bekhulu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa, yize kungathatha izinyanga ezintathu ukuze uthole izinzuzo eziphelele. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ukuze ulandele amazinga akho e-thyroid futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inani lemithi yakho liyafaneleka.

Abanye abantu badinga imithi eyengeziwe uma bengazizwa bekhulu ngokuphelele ku-levothyroxine kuphela. Izinketho zingafaka ukwengeza i-T3 (liothyronine) noma ukuzama ukwelashwa okuhlangene, yize lokhu kungavamile ukudingeka.

Ukuphatha ngokuvamile kwenzeka impilo yonke, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi uzizwa ugula noma ukhanyekile. Ngokusebenzisa imithi efanele, abantu abaningi abane-Hashimoto bazizwa bevamile ngokuphelele futhi bangenza konke abakwenzile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwabo.

Ungazinakekela Kanjani Ekhaya Ngokuphathelene ne-Hashimoto's Disease?

Nakuba imithi iyisisekelo sokwelashwa kwe-Hashimoto, izindlela eziningana zokuphila zingakusiza uzizwe ukhulu futhi usekele impilo yakho jikelele. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kanye nokwelashwa kwakho kwezokwelapha, hhayi njengokufaka esikhundleni kwakho.

Gxilisa ukudla ukudla okuqondile, okunamahluleki amaningi, okufaka izithelo, imifino, amaprotheni ahlanzekile, nama-grains aphelele. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukugwema ukudla okuqediwe kakhulu kubasiza bazizwe benamandla kakhulu. Qiniseka ukuthi uthola i-selenium ne-zinc eyanele, ezisekela ukusebenza kwe-thyroid.

Ukuzivocavoca njalo kungasiza ekuqedeni ukukhathala nokusekela ukusebenza komzimba wakho, ngisho noma ungase uzizwe ukhathele ekuqaleni. Qala ngemisebenzi emnene njengokuhamba noma ukubhukuda, bese ukhulisa kancane amandla njengoba amandla akho ethuthuka ngokwelashwa.

Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ukucindezeleka kungenza izimo zokuziphatha komzimba zibe zimbi. Cabanga ngezindlela njengokucamngca, ukuphefumula okujulile, i-yoga, noma noma yini ekusisiza ukuphumula. Ukulala okwanele kubalulekile futhi ekulawuleni izimpawu nokusekela isimo sakho sokuvikela umzimba.

Thatha imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla. Gwema ukuyithatha nekhofi, izithasiselo ze-calcium, noma izithasiselo ze-iron, njengoba lokhu kungase kuphazamise ukufunwa.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani I-Aphoyintimenti Yakho Yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungasiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeni kwakho futhi unike udokotela wakho ulwazi olufanele ukukusiza ngokuphumelelayo. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zikuthinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi, izithasiselo, namavithamini owathatha, kufaka phakathi amazinga. Lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde noma yikuphi ukusebenzisana okungenzeka noma izici ezingase zithinte ukusebenza kwe-thyroid yakho.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi yini okulindelekile ekwelapheni, ukuthi uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi kangakanani, noma ukuthi kunemisebenzi oyidingayo ukuyigwema. Unganqikazi ukubuza noma yini ekukhathazayo.

Uma unezilwane zomndeni ezinesifo se-thyroid noma ezinye izimo zokuziphatha komzimba, qaphela lolu lwazi. Futhi, letha noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlolwa yangaphambili uma ubona udokotela omusha.

Cabanga ngokuletha umngani othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukukusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Bangase futhi banike ukusekela ngokomzwelo ngalesi sikhathi.

Iyini I-Key Takeaway Ngokuphathelene ne-Hashimoto's Disease?

Ubuthi be-Hashimoto yisimo esiphatheka kakhulu esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba ukuthola leli bika kungase kuzizwe kukucindezela ekuqaleni, into ebalulekile okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngokuphelele.

Ukuphumelela kuyindlela yokusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho, ukuthatha imithi yakho ngokuqhubekayo, nokuya ekuhlolweni okulandelayo njalo. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bekhulu kakhulu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi uzizwa kanjani. Ukwelashwa kwakho kungalungiswa uma kudingeka, futhi kunezinketho ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo uma indlela yokuqala ingasebenzi kahle kuwe.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-Hashimoto akusho ukuthi uyaqondwa noma ukulinganiselwe yilokho ongakukwazi ukukwenza. Ngokuphathwa okufanele, ungagcina amandla akho, ulandele imigomo yakho, futhi ujabulele yonke imisebenzi ebalulekile kuwe.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngokuphathelene ne-Hashimoto's Disease

Ingaphiliswa yini i-Hashimoto's disease?

Okwamanje, ayikho impilo ye-Hashimoto's disease, kodwa iphethwe kakhulu futhi ilawuleka. Inqubo yokuziphatha komzimba elimaza i-thyroid ayikwazi ukubuyiselwa, kodwa ukwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement kusiza kahle i-hypothyroidism. Abantu abaningi abanelashwa elifanele bazizwa bevamile ngokuphelele futhi baphila impilo egcwele, enempilo. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ngezindlela ezingase ziguqule impendulo yokuziphatha komzimba, kodwa ukwelashwa kwamanje kuphumelela kakhulu ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka.

Ngingazuza isisindo nge-Hashimoto's disease?

Ukuzuza isisindo kuyisimo esivamile se-Hashimoto engaphathwe ngoba ama-hormone e-thyroid aphansi anciphisa ukusebenza komzimba wakho. Noma kunjalo, uma uqala ukwelashwa okufanele futhi amazinga akho e-hormone alungise, abantu abaningi bathola kulula ukuhlala besisindo esinempilo. Inani lokuzuza isisindo liyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, futhi abanye abantu abangahlangabezani nokushintsha okukhulu kwesisindo. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokudla okuqondile, ukuphathwa kwesisindo kuba lula kakhulu.

Ngingakhulelwa yini uma ngine-Hashimoto's disease?

Yebo, abesifazane abaningi abane-Hashimoto bangakhulelwa futhi babe nabantwana abaphilile ngokuphathwa kwezokwelapha okufanele. Kubalulekile ukuba amazinga akho e-thyroid alungiswe ngaphambi kokuzimisela ukukhulelwa nokusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezokwelapha phakathi kokukhulelwa. I-hypothyroidism engaphathwe ingase ithinte ukukhulelwa nemiphumela yokukhulelwa, kodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokushintsha kwemithi, ubungozi buyancipha. Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukulungisa amazinga akho emithi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa njengoba izidingo ze-thyroid hormone ngokuvamile zanda.

Ingasebenza yini emindenini i-Hashimoto's disease?

Yebo, i-Hashimoto's disease inezinto eziningi zezofuzo futhi ngokuvamile isebenza emindenini. Uma unezihlobo eziseduze ezine-Hashimoto, ezinye izimo ze-thyroid, noma izifo zokuziphatha komzimba, ingozi yakho iphakama. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nomlando womndeni akusho ukuthi uzothuthukisa lesi simo. Izici zemvelo nezinye iziphakamiso zidlalela indima ebalulekile. Uma unomlando womndeni, kufanele uxoxe ngokuhlolwa nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma uthuthukisa izimpawu.

Ngingadinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi kangakanani nge-Hashimoto's disease?

Ekuqaleni, uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6-8 ngenkathi udokotela wakho eqinisekisa inani elifanele lemithi kuwe. Uma amazinga akho elungile, abantu abaningi badinga ukuhlolwa njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6-12 ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa kwabo kuyafaneleka. Udokotela wakho angase akhuthaze ukuhlolwa okuvamile uma ukhulelwe, uhlangabezana nezimpawu, noma uma kukhona ukushintsha empilweni yakho noma imithi. Ukulandelela njalo kubalulekile ngoba izidingo zakho ze-thyroid hormone zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezinto njengokuguga, ukushintsha kwesisindo, noma ezinye izimo zempilo.