Created at:1/16/2025
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I-hay fever ukungenawo komzimba wakho okubangelwa izinto ezincane eziphefumulwayo njenge-pollen, uthuli, noma uboya bezilwane. Uma uphefumula lezi zinto ezincane, i-immune system yakho iyazibona njengezinto eziyingozi bese iqala ukulwa nazo. Lokhu kwenza izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuhlokoma, impumulo ephuma amanzi, namehlo akhubekayo angenza izikhathi ezithile zonyaka noma izindawo zizizwe zibi.
I-hay fever, ebizwa nangokuthi i-allergic rhinitis, kwenzeka uma i-immune system yakho isabela kakhulu ezintweni ezingalimi eziphefumulwayo. Cabanga ngayo njengendlela yokuphepha yomzimba wakho ephakeme kakhulu futhi iphazamise abantu abangazona izingozi.
Naphezu kwegama layo, i-hay fever ayinazinto ezibangelwa ukhula futhi ayibangeli ubushushu. Lesi simo sathola igama layo ngoba izimpawu zivame ukukhula ngesikhathi sokuqothula ukhula lapho izinga le-pollen liphezulu. Izindawo zakho zempumulo ziyavuvukala njengoba umzimba wakho uzama ukukhipha lokho okubona njengezingozi.
Lesi simo sithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele futhi singathinta kakhulu ukuthula kwakho kwansuku zonke nokuphumula kwakho. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-hay fever ilawuleka ngokuphelele ngendlela efanele nelenhlalakahle.
Izimpawu ze-hay fever zivame ukuvela ngokushesha nje uma ukhombiswe izinto ezibangela. Ukusebenza komzimba wakho kuvame ukuqala empumlweni nasemehlweni, bese kuthinta ukuphefumula kwakho nokuthula kwakho konke.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazibona zihlanganisa:
Abanye abantu nabo baye baba nezimpawu ezingavamile njengezinhlungu zikhanda, izinhlungu zezindlebe, noma ukuncipha komuzwa wokunuka nokunambitha. Lezi zimpawu zingaba kusukela ekuthukutheleleni kancane kuya ekuthukutheleleni okukhulu, kuye ngokuthi unesibindi kangakanani nokuvezwa kwakho ezintweni ezibangela.
I-hay fever inezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi izimpawu zakho zivele nini. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwakho kukusiza ukulungiselela ukukhula kwesimpawu nokuphatha isimo sakho ngokuphumelelayo.
I-hay fever yesizini yenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka lapho izitshalo ezithile zikhulula i-pollen. Izimpawu zasebusika zivame ukuvela e-pollen yemithi, izimpawu zasehlobo zivela e-pollen yasehlabathi, nezasekwindla zivela e-pollen yasekhula njenge-ragweed. Ungase uqaphele ukuthi izimpawu zakho zilandela iphethini yekhalenda elingaguquki.
I-hay fever yonyaka wonke yenzeka unyaka wonke ngoba izinto ezibangela zihlale zikhona endaweni yakho. Izinto ezivame ukubangela zihlanganisa izinambuzane zothuli, uboya bezilwane, ama-spores omkhuhlane, noma izinto ze-cockroach. Izimpawu zakho zingase zihluke ngamandla kodwa azipheli.
Abanye abantu baye baba nohlobo olulodwa, behlangane nezimpawu zonyaka wonke eziyanda ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Lo mhlanganiso ungase uzizwe ukhulu, kodwa ukwelashwa okuqondiswe kungase kulungise kokubili ngokuphumelelayo.
I-hay fever ithuthukiswa uma i-immune system yakho ihlonza ngamanga izinto ezincane eziphefumulwayo njengezinto eziyingozi. Umuthi wakho bese ukhulula ama-antibodies nokukhulula izinto ezifana ne-histamine ukulwa nalezi zingozi.
Izinto ezivame ukubangela ezingase zibangele i-hay fever yakho zihlanganisa:
Isimo sezulu singenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi ngokwandisa ukuvezwa kwakho kulezi zinto ezibangela. Izinsuku eziphefumula zikhulula i-pollen engaphezulu, kuyilapho izimo ezimanzi zikhuthaza ukukhula komkhuhlane. Ngisho nokungenwa komoya kungase kukhathaze izindawo zakho zempumulo ezivelele.
Kufanele ucabange ukuya kudokotela uma izimpawu ze-hay fever zithinta imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke noma ikhwalithi yokulala kwakho. Nakuba i-hay fever ingabi yingozi, ingathinta kakhulu ukuthula kwakho nokukhiqiza kwakho uma ingalawulwa.
Hlela i-aphoyintimenti uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezingathuthuki ngemithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa. Udokotela angakusiza ukubona izinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho futhi enze uhlelo lokwelapha oluqondiswe.
Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa izimpawu zezinkinga njengengcindezi ehlala isikhathi eside yesinus, izinhlungu zikhanda ezinzima, noma ukukhishwa okukhulu, okumnyama kwempumulo. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukutheleleka okwesibili okudinga ukwelashwa.
Kufanele futhi ubone udokotela uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi izimpawu zakho zivela e-allergies noma kwenye isimo njengokubanda. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
Izinto eziningi zingase zikwenze ube sengozini yokuthuthukisa i-hay fever, nakuba ukuba nezinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini akusho ukuthi uzothola isimo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kungakusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani abanye abantu bekhona kakhulu kunabanye.
Umlando womndeni udlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni i-hay fever. Uma abazali bakho noma abafowenu banesifo se-allergies noma i-asthma, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uthuthukise i-hay fever. Le ndlela yokufana yofuzo ithonya indlela i-immune system yakho esabela ngayo ezintweni ezibangela.
Ezinye izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:
Izinto ezingqongile ngesikhathi sobuntwana zingase futhi zithinte ingozi yakho. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukuncipha kokubekwa ezingozini zamagciwane nabhaktheriya ezindaweni ezihlanzekile kakhulu kungase kwenze i-immune system ibe namandla okusabela kakhulu ezintweni ezingalimi kamuva.
Nakuba i-hay fever ngokwayo ingabi yingozi, izimpawu ezingalawulwa zingase ziholele kwezinye izinkinga zezempilo eziyithinta ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho. Izinkinga eziningi zithuthukiswa uma ukuvuvukala okuvela e-hay fever kusakazeka ezindaweni eziseduze noma uma izimpawu ziyaphula imisebenzi yakho evamile.
Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ongazibona zihlanganisa:
Ukuphula ukulala kufanele kunakekelwe ngokukhethekile ngoba kungathinta i-immune system yakho, isimo sengqondo, nokusebenza kwengqondo. Uma ungakwazi ukuphefumula ngokucacile ngempumulo ebusuku, ungase ukhwele kakhulu noma ube nokulala okungapheli okuzokushiya ukhathele ngosuku olulandelayo.
Izinkinga ezingavamile zingase zihlanganise ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-asthma okubangelwa ukuvezwa kwe-allergen noma i-sinusitis ehlala isikhathi eside edinga ukusebenza okuyisikhungo. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinkinga ezinzima zingavikeleka ngokulawulwa kahle kwe-hay fever nokukhathalelwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha.
Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela i-hay fever ekuthuthukiseni, unganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu zakho ngokuqeda noma ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho ezintweni ezibangela. Ikhona ukubona ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho bese udala izithiyo phakathi kwakho nalezo zinto.
Ngokuqondene ne-allergies ye-pollen, isikhathi semisebenzi yakho singenza umehluko omkhulu. Izinga le-pollen liphezulu kakhulu ekuseni nasezinsukwini ezishisayo, ezinawo umoya. Hlala ngaphakathi ngalezi zikhathi ze-peak uma kungenzeka, futhi ugcine amafasitela evalekile ngesizini ye-pollen.
Izindlela zokuvimbela ngaphakathi zihlanganisa:
Uma uya ngaphandle ngezinsuku ezinamazinga aphezulu e-pollen, ukugqoka izibuko ze-sunglasses ezimbozwe kungakusiza ukuvikela amehlo akho. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukufaka i-petroleum jelly encane emakhaleni abo kungase kubambe i-pollen ngaphambi kokuba ingene ezindaweni zabo zempumulo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-hay fever kuvame ukuqala ngodokotela wakho ebuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nezimpawu zakho, lapho zivele khona, nokuthi yini engase izibekele.
Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzothanda ukwazi ngesikhathi sezinto ezibangela, ubukhulu bazo, nanoma yiziphi iziphethini ozibonile. Bayobuza futhi ngomlando womndeni wakho we-allergies nanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa osele uzama.
Uma izimpawu zakho azicaci noma azisabela ekwelapheni kokuqala, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy. Izivivinyo ze-skin prick zihlanganisa ukufaka izinto ezincane ze-allergens esikhuneni sakho nokulinda izimpendulo. Izivivinyo zegazi zingase zilinganise ukusebenza kwe-immune system yakho ku-allergens ethile.
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa izindlela zokuqeda, lapho uqeda izinto ezibangela isikhathi esithile ukubona uma izimpawu ziyathuthuka. Le ndlela isebenza kahle ngokukhethekile ngezinto ezibangela ezingaphakathi ongaziqondisa kalula kunokuba yi-pollen yangaphandle.
Ukuphathwa kwe-hay fever kugxile ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu zakho nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho ngokusebenzisa imithi nokuhlala kwakho. Umgomo ukufumana indlela efanele egcina izimpawu zakho zilawuleka ngaphandle kokubangela imiphumela emibi.
Ama-antihistamines avame ukuba yindlela yokuqala yokwelapha ngoba avikelwa ukukhishwa kwe-histamine okubangela izimpawu eziningi ze-hay fever. Ama-antihistamines amasha njenge-loratadine ne-cetirizine abangeli ubuthakathaka kakhulu kunokhetho olukhulu futhi angathengwa nsuku zonke ngesizini ye-allergy.
Ezinye izinketho zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zihlanganisa:
Ngokuqondene ne-hay fever enzima engasabela kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze i-immunotherapy. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuvezwa kancane kancane kwe-immune system yakho emazingeni aphezulu e-allergens yakho nge-shots noma amathebulethi, kusize umzimba wakho ube mncane ukusabela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Inkambiso yokwelapha ivame ukuthatha izinyanga eziningana ukubonisa imiphumela ephelele, ngakho-ke isineke nokuqina kubalulekile ukuphumelela.
Izindlela zokuphatha ekhaya zinganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu ze-hay fever uma zihlanganiswa nokuphathwa okuqondile kwezokwelapha. Ikhona ukudala indawo ecinywa ukuvezwa kwakho ezintweni ezibangela ngenkathi uthula izicubu ezivuvukile.
Ukuhlanza impumulo usebenzisa isisombululo se-saline kungakusiza ukuhlanza i-allergens nokukhishwa okuvela ezindaweni zakho zempumulo. Ungasebenzisa i-neti pot, ibhodlela lokucindezela, noma i-saline spray ukuhlanza ngobumnene indawo yakho yempumulo ngamanzi olunosawoti. Le ndlela elula ivame ukunikeza impumuzo ngokushesha futhi ingenziwa izikhathi eziningi ngosuku.
Ukudala indawo yokulala engenayo i-allergen kubalulekile ngoba uchitha amahora angaba yisishiyagalombili lapho ubusuku ngalunye. Sebenzisa izingubo ezivikelayo emathendeleni akho nasemapilini, ugeze izingubo zokulala masonto onke emanzini ashisayo, futhi ucabange ukuqeda amakhaphethi uma izinambuzane zothuli ziyinto ebangela.
Ezinye izindlela zokuphatha ekhaya zihlanganisa:
Hlola iziprofetho ze-pollen zasekhaya ngezinhlelo zokusebenza noma amawebhusayithi ezulu ukuhlela imisebenzi yakho ngokufanele. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi kuwusizo ukuqala ukuthatha ama-antihistamines izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba iqale isizini yabo ye-allergy.
Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela kungakusiza ukuthola uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo lwe-hay fever yakho. Qala ngokugcina idayari yezimpawu okungenani isonto ngaphambi kokuvakashela kwakho, ubhale lapho izimpawu zivele khona nobukhulu bazo.
Bhala imininingwane ethile mayelana nezimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise ukuthi yiziphi ezikukhathazayo kakhulu nanoma yimiphi imisebenzi ebonakala ikhuthaza noma iyenza ibe zimbi. Qaphela uma izimpawu zimbi ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku, izizini, noma ezindaweni ezithile.
Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yonke oyiphuzayo njengamanje, kuhlanganise nemithi ye-allergy yokuthengwa ngaphandle, izongezelelo, nanoma yimiphi eminye imithi. Udokotela wakho udinga ukwazi ukuthi yini osele uyizame nokuthi isebenze kangcono kangakanani.
Lungiselela imibuzo okumele uyibuze ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti yakho:
Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ongakusiza ukukhumbula imininingwane ebalulekile exoxwe ngayo ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Bangase futhi banikeze ukubona okuyigugu mayelana nezimpawu zakho ongazibonanga wena.
I-hay fever isimo esilawuleka esingadingi ukulawula impilo yakho noma ukulinganisela imisebenzi yakho. Nakuba ungakwazi ukwelapha i-hay fever, ungalawula izimpawu zakho ngokuphumelelayo ngokusebenzisa ukuqeda izinto ezibangela, imithi efanele, nokuhlala kwakho.
Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukubona izinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho ukuze uthathe isinyathelo esiqondiswe ekuthuthukiseni ukuvezwa kwakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-hay fever yakho iyasezweni noma yonyaka wonke, ukusebenzisana nodokotela kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo esimweni sakho esithile.
Khumbula ukuthi ukufumana indlela efanele yokwelapha kungase kuthathe isikhathi esithile nokuzama. Lokho okusebenza kahle komunye umuntu kungase kungabi yisixazululo esihle kuwe, ngakho-ke yiba nesineke njengoba wena nodokotela wakho nihlanganyela ekufuneni isu lakho lokuphatha elihle kakhulu.
Ngokunakekelwa okuqondile nokunakekelwa, abantu abaningi abane-hay fever bangajabulela impumuzo enkulu yezimpawu futhi bagcine imisebenzi yabo evamile unyaka wonke.
Yebo, i-hay fever ingathuthuka kunoma yiliphi isikhathi empilweni yakho, nakuba ivame ukuqala ngesikhathi sobuntwana noma ubusha. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa izimpendulo zabo zokuqala ze-allergic ezinganeni zabo ezingama-20, ezingama-30, noma kamuva. I-immune system yakho ingase ibe namandla okusabela ku-allergens entsha ngisho noma awukaze ube nezinkinga ngaphambili, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuya endaweni entsha enezitshalo noma izinto ezingqongile ezihlukile.
Izimpawu ze-hay fever zingase ziguquke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa azidli kakhulu ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi izimpawu zabo ziyathuthuka njengoba bekhula, kuyilapho abanye bengase bathuthukise ukusabela okusha. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ngokuvamile ukuba uqhubeke ukhombiswe izinto ezibangela nokuthi uyilawula kangcono kanjani isimo kunokuba kube iminyaka.
Impela. Isimo sezulu sithinta kakhulu izimpawu ze-hay fever ngokuthinta amazinga e-pollen nokwahlukaniswa. Izinsuku eziphefumula zikhulula i-pollen engaphezulu emoyeni, kuyilapho imvula ivame ukugeza i-pollen bese inikeza impumuzo yesikhashana. Izimo ezimanzi zingase zibe zimbi izinto ezibangela ezingaphakathi njengomkhuhlane nezinambuzane zothuli, kuyilapho izimo ezomile zingase zikhulise amazinga e-pollen.
Ungase uqhubeke uzivocavoca ngaphandle nge-hay fever, kodwa isikhathi nezinyathelo zokuphepha kubalulekile. Zivocavoca ekuseni noma ebusuku lapho amazinga e-pollen aphansi khona. Cabanga ukuthatha imithi yakho ye-allergy ngaphambi kwemisebenzi yangaphandle, bese ugeza ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho ukuqeda i-pollen esikhuneni sakho nasemakhaleni. Ngizinsuku ezinamazinga aphezulu e-pollen, ukuzivocavoca ngaphakathi kungase kube lula.
Yebo, i-hay fever ivame ukuphula ukulala ngokuvuvukala kwempumulo, i-postnasal drip, nokungakhululeki okuvamile. Ukulala okubi okuvela e-hay fever kungase kuholele ekhathaleni emini, ukukhuluphala ekuhlaleni, nokuthukuthela okukhulu. Ukusebenzisa ama-strips empumlweni, ukuphakamisa ikhanda lakho ngesikhathi ulele, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikamelo lakho lokulala lihlanzekile njengoba kungenzeka kungakusiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yakho yokulala ngesizini ye-allergy.