Uyini i-Hemangioma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-hemangioma iyibala lokufana ne-strawberry elibomvu elikhulu elikhiqizwa yimithambo yegazi eyengeziwe eqoqana ndawonye ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Lezi zikhulu ezingezona ezomdlavuza (ezingezona ezingozi) ziyajwayelekile kakhulu, zibonakala kubantwana abangu-1 kwaba ngu-10, futhi azinawo ubungozi obuningi ezimweni eziningi.

Cabanga nge-hemangiomas njengendlela yomzimba wakho yokudala inethiwekhi encane yemithambo yegazi endaweni ethile. Nakuba zingase zibonakale zikhathaza abazali abasha, lezi zimpawu ezifana ne-strawberry ngokuvamile ziyisigaba esikhawulelwe sokuthuthuka komntwana wakho esizobuya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hemangioma?

I-Hemangiomas ngokuvamile ibonakala njengeziqephu eziphakamile, ezibomvu ezicwebezelayo ezinzwa zithambile futhi zithambile uma zithintwa. Abazali abaningi bayazibona phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuzalwa, nakuba ezinye zingase zibonakale kamuva kancane.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazibuka:

• Amabala abomvu, aphakamile afana ne-strawberries
• Ukuthambile, ukucindezela okulula uma kucindezelwa kancane
• Ukukhula okusheshayo phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala
• Ukukhanya (ukuguqula ubomvu) uma kucindezelwa, bese kubuyela obomvu
• Ukuzwa okufudumele uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhumba esizungezile

I-Hemangiomas eyiningi iqala incinci futhi ikhula ngokushesha ngonyaka wokuqala womntwana wakho. Ngemva kwalesi sigaba sokukhula, ngokuvamile ziqala ukunciphisa nokuphela, zinyamalala ngokuphelele ngeminyaka engu-5 kuya kweyi-10.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-hemangiomas ejulile ingase ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okumnyama esikhundleni sobomvu, futhi ezinye zingase zibangele ukukhula kancane endaweni ezizungezile. Lezi zinguquko zisazenza futhi ngokuvamile zilandela iphethini efanayo yokukhula nokunciphisa.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-hemangioma?

I-Hemangiomas inezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, ngayinye inezici ezihlukile kancane. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona kumntwana wakho kungakusiza ukwazi ukuthi yini okulindelekile njengoba luthuthuka.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• I-hemangiomas ebonakalayo: Ama-bumps abomvu, aphakamile ebusweni besikhumba afana ne-strawberries
• I-hemangiomas ejulile: Ama-lumps aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okumnyama ahlala ngaphansi kwesikhumba
• I-hemangiomas ehlanganisiwe: Ukuhlanganiswa kokubili kwezingxenye ebonakalayo nejulile

I-Hemangiomas ebonakalayo ilula kakhulu ukubona futhi yenza cishe u-60% yazo zonke izimo. I-hemangiomas ejulile ingase ibe nzima ukuyibona ekuqaleni kodwa ibe sobala njengoba ikhula.

Ezimeni ezingavamile kakhulu, abanye abantwana bangase bathuthukise i-hemangiomas eminingi, okungase kubonise isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hemangiomatosis. Lokhu kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kuvinjwe i-hemangiomas yangaphakathi engase ithonye izitho.

Yini ebangela i-hemangioma?

Imbangela eqondile ye-hemangiomas ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa ithuthukiswa lapho imithambo yegazi iphindaphinda ngaphezu kokujwayelekile endaweni ethile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka komntwana wakho, kudala iqembu lemithambo yegazi eyengeziwe eyenza i-bump ebomvu ejwayelekile.

Izici eziningana zingase zikhulise amathuba okuthuthukisa i-hemangiomas:

• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ngesisindo esincane sokuzalwa
• Ukuba owesifazane (amantombazane anezikhathi ezingu-3-5 ezinamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa)
• Ukuba ngumuntu omhlophe
• Ukuba nokuzalwa okuningi (amawele, ama-triplets)
• Ukuba nonina owayenezimo ezithile zokukhulelwa

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-hemangiomas ayibangelwa yilutho olukwenzile noma awukwenzanga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ziyisiguquko nje sendlela imithambo yegazi ethuthuka ngayo, futhi ayikwazi ukunqatshelwa.

Ezimeni ezingavamile kakhulu, izici ze-genetic zingase zidlale indima, ikakhulukazi lapho amalungu amaningi omndeni enez-hemangiomas. Noma kunjalo, izimo eziningi zenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle komlando womndeni.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-hemangioma?

I-Hemangiomas eyiningi ayinawo ubungozi futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, kufanele ube nodokotela wakho wezingane ahlole noma yiliphi ibala elisha ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa futhi alandelele ukuthuthuka kwalo.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela:

• Ukukhula okusheshayo okubonakala kukhathaza
• Ukuphuza igazi noma ama-sores avulekile kwi-hemangioma
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengophuzo, ukushisa okwandayo, noma ukubomvu okubomvu
• Indawo eduze kwamehlo, impumulo, umlomo, noma indawo yedayaphe
• I-hemangiomas eminingi ebonakala ngesikhathi esisodwa

I-Hemangiomas ezindaweni ezithile ingase idinge ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngoba ingase iphazamise imisebenzi ebalulekile. Isibonelo, lezo eziseduze kwamehlo zingase zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ukubona, kanti lezo ezise-diapher area zingase zibe lula ukuvuvukala nokopha igazi.

Uma umntwana wakho enez-hemangiomas ezingaphezu kwehlanu, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze ahlole i-hemangiomas yangaphakathi, nakuba lesi simo singavamile kakhulu.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-hemangioma?

Izici ezithile zenza i-hemangiomas ibe namathuba amaningi okuthuthuka, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici ezingozi akukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana wakho uzoba nayo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-32)
• Ukusinda okuncane sokuzalwa (ngaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-1.5)
• Ubulili besifazane
• Ubuzwe bomhlophe
• Ukuzalwa okuningi (amawele noma ama-triplets)
• Iminyaka enkulu yomzali
• Umbali womzali we-preeclampsia noma izinkinga ze-placenta

Abantwana abazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi banesongo elikhulu, nge-hemangiomas ebonakala kuze kube yingxenye engu-30% yabantwana abazalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-32. Lokhu cishe kungenxa yokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwemithambo yabo yegazi kuqhubeka ngaphandle kwesisu.

Nakuba lezi zici ezingozi zizusizo ukwazi, khumbula ukuthi abantwana abaningi abanezici eziningi ezingozi abathuthuki i-hemangiomas, futhi abantwana abaningi abangenazo izici ezingozi bayenza. Isimo ngasinye sihlukile.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona ze-hemangioma?

Iningi le-hemangiomas alibangeli lutho futhi liyaphela ngokwalo. Noma kunjalo, izimo ezithile zingase zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela izinkinga noma ukuphatha izimpawu.

Izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zingase zihlanganise:

• Ulceration (ama-sores avulekile angaba buhlungu futhi abe lula ukutheleleka)
• Ukopha igazi ngenxa yokulimaza noma ukukroba
• Ukuhlupheka kokubona, ukuphefumula, noma ukudla
• Ukuhlala kwesikhumba ngemva kokunciphisa
• Uthonyo lwengqondo ngenxa yendawo ebonakalayo

Ulceration yiyona nhlanganisela evamile kakhulu, eyenzeka cishe ku-10% ye-hemangiomas. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokucindezela, njengendawo yedayaphe noma lapho izingubo zicindezela khona.

Ezimeni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-hemangiomas enkulu ingase ibe nomthelela ezingxeni zenhliziyo ngenxa yokwanda kokugeleza kwegazi, noma icindezele izakhiwo eziseduze. I-Hemangiomas eduze komoya-mpilo ingase ibe nomthelela ekuphefumuleni, kanti lezo eziseduze kwamehlo zingase zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ukubona.

Izinhlanganisela eziningi ziphatheka ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, futhi izinhlanganisela ezinkulu azivamile kakhulu.

I-hemangioma ixilongwa kanjani?

Odokotela ngokuvamile bangaxilonga i-hemangiomas ngokubheka nje futhi bazwe ukuthambile kwabo. Ukubonakala okujwayelekile okufana ne-strawberry nokuthambile, ukucindezela okulula kwenza kube lula ukuzibona.

Udokotela wakho wezingane uzohlola ibala futhi abuze mayelana:

• Lapho uqale ukuyibona
• Ukushesha okukhule ngako
• Noma yiziphi izinguquko emibalabala noma ukuthambile
• Ingabe iphuza igazi noma ibingela ukungakhululeki
• Umbali womndeni wamabala afanayo

Ezimweni eziningi, akukho ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe okudingekayo. Noma kunjalo, uma i-hemangioma isendaweni ebuhlungu noma uma umntwana wakho enez-hemangiomas eziningi, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze izifundo zokuthola izithombe.

I-Ultrasound ingasiza ekuqondeni ukuthi i-hemangioma ihlala ngokujulile kangakanani, kanti i-MRI ingase isetshenziswe ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ukuhlola i-hemangiomas yangaphakathi. Lezi zivivinyo azinawo ubuhlungu futhi zisiza odokotela ukuhlela indlela engcono kakhulu yokunakekela.

Iyini impilo ye-hemangioma?

I-Hemangiomas eyiningi ayidingi ukwelashwa nhlobo ngoba iyancipha futhi iyancipha ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa kungase kunconywe nge-hemangiomas ebangela izinhlanganisela noma ezisezingeni ezingozi.

Amathuba okwelashwa angase ahlanganise:

• Ukubuka ngokuqapha okuvamile
• Imithi yokugcoba njenge-timolol gel
• Imithi yomlomo njenge-propranolol
• I-Laser therapy yokuthuthukisa ubuso
• Ukususa ngokusebenza ezimweni ezingavamile

I-Propranolol, imithi yenhliziyo, iye yaba yindlela eqinisekisiwe yokwelapha i-hemangiomas enkingeni. Isebenza ngokunciphisa imithambo yegazi futhi isebenza ngokumangalisayo uma iqalwa ekuqaleni.

I-Topical timolol gel ingase isetshenziswe kwi-hemangiomas encane, ebonakalayo. Lolu lwelo lwasetshenziswa ngqo esikhuneni futhi lungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhula noma ukushesha ukunciphisa.

Ukuhlinzwa akudingeki ngokuvamile futhi ngokuvamile kugcinelwe i-hemangiomas engaphenduli kweminye imithi noma ebangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokusebenza. Odokotela abaningi bakhetha ukulinda nokuthola ukuthi i-hemangioma ithuthuka kanjani ngokwemvelo ngaphambi kokubheka ukwelashwa okuhlinzayo.

Unganakekela kanjani ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-hemangioma?

Ukukhathalela i-hemangioma ekhaya ngokuvamile kulula futhi kugxile ekuvikeleni indawo nokulandelela izinguquko. I-Hemangiomas eyiningi idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okuncane ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwesikhumba.

Nansi indlela onganakekela ngayo i-hemangioma yomntwana wakho:

• Gcina indawo ihlanzekile futhi yomile
• Gwema ukukroba okukhulu noma ukukhetha i-hemangioma
• Faka i-moisturizer ethambile uma isikhumba sibonakala siomile
• Vikele ekulimeni ngezingubo ezithambile
• Thatha izithombe njalo ukuze ulandelele izinguquko

Uma i-hemangioma iphuza igazi, yigcine ihlanzekile ngesepu ethambile namanzi, bese ufaka noma yimiphi imithi eyalwe. Mbopha izindawo ezingavulekile ngama-bandages anganamatheli ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala okwengeziwe.

Bheka izimpawu zokutheleleka njengokwanda kobomvu emaphethelweni, uphuzo, noma ukubomvu okubomvu. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Khumbula ukuthi i-hemangiomas ayinawo ubungozi futhi ngeke ibe yinto engozi. Umgomo wokunakekela ekhaya ukunethezeka nje nokuvimbela izinhlanganisela ezingadingekile.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ulwazi oluwusizo kakhulu nokunakekelwa kwe-hemangioma yomntwana wakho. Ukuzilungiselela kancane kuhamba ibanga elide ekwenzeni isivakashi sibe nomphumela.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho:

• Thatha izithombe ezicacile ezibonisa usayizi nokuvela kwe-hemangioma
• Qaphela lapho uqale ukuyibona nokuthi ishintshe kanjani
• Bhala phansi noma yiziphi izimpawu noma ukukhathazeka
• Letha uhlu lwemithi yamanje
• Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana namathuba okwelashwa nesikhathi

Cabanga ukuletha izithombe ezivela ezintweni ezihlukene zesikhathi ukuze ubonise ukuthi i-hemangioma iye yathuthuka kanjani. Leli thrafu lesikhathi elibonakalayo lisiza odokotela ukuqonda iphethini yokukhula futhi benze izinqumo ezingcono zokwelashwa.

Ungangabazi ukubuza mayelana nalokho okulindelekile ezinyangeni ezizayo, nini okufanele ukhathazeke, nezibonakaliso ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Ukuqonda inkambo yemvelo kusiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka.

Uma ukwelashwa kunconywa, buza mayelana nemiphumela emibi, amazinga ompumelelo, namathuba okukhetha ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nokunakekelwa komntwana wakho.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-hemangioma?

I-Hemangiomas iyizimpawu zokuzalwa ezivamile, ezingezona ezingozi ezivame ukuvela emasontweni ambalwa okuqala okuphila futhi zikhula ngokushesha ngonyaka wokuqala. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi azinawo ubungozi ezimweni eziningi.

I-Hemangiomas eyiningi izoncipha futhi iyancipha kakhulu ngeminyaka engu-5 kuya kweyi-10 ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Nakuba zingase zibonakale zikhathaza ekuqaleni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesigaba sabo sokukhula, azivamile ukubangela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Tshela intukuthelo yakho mayelana nokuthi nini okufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa futhi uthembe ukuthi imvelo ngokuvamile inakekela lezi zimpawu zokuzalwa ngokwayo. Ukuqapha okuvamile nodokotela wakho wezingane kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izinhlanganisela zitholakala ekuqaleni futhi ziphathwe ngokufanele.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-hemangioma akubonisi lutho olulimazayo olukwenzile, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuqapha, abantwana abaningi abane-hemangiomas baqhubeka beba nesikhumba esijwayelekile, esinempilo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo mayelana ne-hemangioma

Ingabe i-hemangioma yomntwana wami izoshiya uphawu oluhlala njalo?

I-Hemangiomas eyiningi iyancipha kakhulu futhi ishiya uphawu oluncane noma alukho oluhlala njalo. Cishe u-50% iyaphela ngokuphelele ngeminyaka engu-5, futhi u-90% ibonisa ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngeminyaka engu-9. Ezinye zingase zishiye izinguquko ezincane zesikhumba noma ukungafani okuncane kakhulu, kodwa lezi ngokuvamile azibonakali. I-hemangioma iqala ukunciphisa ngokushesha, kuba namathuba amaningi okuthi inyamalale ngokuphelele.

Ingabe i-hemangiomas ingabuya ngemva kokuba iphelile?

Cha, i-hemangiomas ayibuyi uma isiphelile ukunciphisa kwayo ngokwemvelo. Zilandela iphethini elikhulu lokukhula okulandelelwa ukunciphisa, futhi le nqubo ihlala njalo. Noma kunjalo, umntwana wakho angase athuthukise amabala amasha, angahlobene nesikhumba njengoba ekhula, okungase kubangele ukudideka. Noma yimaphi amabala amasha abomvu abonakala ngemva kokuba i-hemangioma iphelile kufanele ahlolwe udkt wakho wezingane.

Kuphephile yini ukugcoba umntwana wami uma enes-hemangioma?

Yebo, ukuba ne-hemangioma akukuthinti nhlobo isimiso sokugoma lomntwana wakho. I-Hemangiomas ayikuthinti isimiso somzimba noma iphazamise ukusebenza kwe-vaccine. Ungalandela isimiso sokugoma esijwayelekile esikhuthazwayo udkt wakho wezingane. Vele ugweme ukugoma ama-vaccines ngqo endaweni ye-hemangioma uma kungenzeka, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ukubangela izinkinga.

Kufanele ngikhathazeke yini uma i-hemangioma yomntwana wami iphuza igazi?

Ukopha igazi okuncane okuvela kwi-hemangioma ngokuvamile akuyona ingozi, kodwa kudinga ukunakekelwa. Faka ukucindezela okulula ngendwangu ehlanzekile imizuzu engu-10-15 ukuyeka ukopha igazi. Gcina indawo ihlanzekile futhi yomile, futhi xhumana nodokotela wakho wezingane uma ukopha igazi kuvamile, akuyeke, noma uma uqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka. Ukopha igazi ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuthi i-hemangioma iphuza igazi, okungase kuzuze ekwelapheni kwezokwelapha.

Ingabe ukudla noma ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kungasiza i-hemangiomas ukuba iphele ngokushesha?

Akukho ukudla okukhethekile noma ukushintsha indlela yokuphila okungasheshisa ukunciphisa kwe-hemangioma. Lezi zimpawu zokuzalwa zilandela isikhathi sazo ngokwemvelo kungakhathaliseki izici zangaphandle. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba okuthambile, ukuvikelwa ekulimeni, nokuqapha okuvamile. Gxila emikhwenyeni evamile, enempilo yomntwana wakho ngokujwayelekile, kodwa ungalindeli ukuthi noma yikuphi ukungenelela okukhethekile kushintshe indlela i-hemangioma ethuthuka ngayo.