Ukuthi yini i-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) iyisimo lapho imithambo yegazi emincane ibinyelisa khona, ibangele ukuqhuma okukhethekile futhi ngezinye izikhathi ithonye izinso zakho, amajoyinti, kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla. Yilona uhlobo oluvamile lokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi kubantwana, nakuba abantu abadala bangaluthola nakhona.

Cabanga nge-HSP njengesistimu yakho yokukhulula umzimba ephazamisekile futhi ihlasela imithambo yakho yegazi ngephutha. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kukhulu, abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokulandelela.

Yini i-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

I-HSP iyisimo sokuzimela komzimba lapho uhlelo lokuvikela lomzimba wakho luhlasela ngephutha imithambo emincane yegazi kulo lonke umzimba wakho. Lo mhlasele ubangela imithambo ukuba ikhiphe igazi noketshezi ezibekweni ezizungezile.

Lesi simo silithola igama labo dokotela ababili abalichaze okokuqala ngokuningiliziwe. I- "Purpura" ibhekisela ezindaweni ezibomvu-ziphuzi ezivela ohlangothini lwakho lapho igazi likhipha khona emithambebeni elimele.

Izimo eziningi zenzeka kubantwana abaneminyaka engu-2 kuya ku-11, abafana beba nomthelela omkhulu kunamantombazane. Abantu abadala bangathuthukisa i-HSP futhi, nakuba kungavamile futhi kungase kube nzima kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Uphawu olukhulu lwe-HSP yilokhu kuqhuma okukhethekile okubukeka njengezindawo ezincane ezibomvu noma ezibomvu ohlangothini lwakho. Lezi zindawo azipheli uma ucindezela kubo, okusisiza odokotela ukuba bahlukanise ezinye izinhlobo zokuqhuma.

Nawa ama-symptom aphambili ongawabona:

• Ukuqhuma okubomvu-luphuzi (purpura) okuqala ngokuvamile ezinyaweni nasemathangeni akho
• Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamajoyinti, ikakhulukazi emadokodweni nasezinqenqemeni
• Ubuhlungu besisu obungaba yisisu noma i-colicky
• Igazi emanzini noma iprotheni emanzini (nakuba ungase ungaluboni lokhu)
• Ukuphefumula nokugabha
• Ukuvuvukala ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma emazwini

Ukuqhuma kuvame ukuvela kuqala ezinyaweni zakho eziphansi nasemathangeni, bese kungaqhubeka phezulu. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa wonke la ma-symptom, ngenkathi abanye bangaba nama-few kuphela.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungase uhlangabezane nezinkinga ezinzima kakhulu njengobuningi besisu obukhulu obufanisa i-appendicitis, noma izinkinga ezinzima zezinso ezibangela ukucindezeleka kwegazi noma igazi elibonakalayo emanzini.

Yini ebangela i-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Imbangela eqondile ye-HSP ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa ngokuvamile ilandela ukutheleleka, ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka kwezindlela zokuphefumula eziphezulu njengokubanda noma isifo sohlangothi. Isistimu yakho yokukhulula umzimba ibonakala iqhubekile bese ihlasela imithambo yakho yegazi ngephutha.

Izici eziningana zingase ziqalise i-HSP:

• Ukutheleleka kwe-viral (njengokubanda, isifo sikagciwane, noma i-chickenpox)
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial (ikakhulukazi isifo sohlangothi)
• Imithi ethile (nakuba lokhu kungavamile)
• Ukutheleleka kokudla noma ukungazizwa kahle
• Ukukhonjwa yizinambuzane
• Ukuvezwa emoyeni obandayo

Ezimweni eziningi, ungase ungakwazi ukubona imbangela ethile. Lokhu akusho ukuthi wenze into engafanele - ngezinye izikhathi i-HSP nje iyenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.

Ngokungavamile, i-HSP ingahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zokuzimela komzimba noma ivela njengengxenye yesifo esiphezulu sesistimu yokukhulula umzimba.

Nini okufanele ubone udokotela nge-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Kufanele ubone udokotela uma ubona ukuqhuma okungapheli uma ucindezela, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nobuhlungu bamajoyinti noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu. Ukubhekwa kwasekuqaleni kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala okuhle nokubhekwa.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu obungapheli
• Ukugabha okukuvimbela ekugcineni amanzi
• Igazi emanzini akho olingabona
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izandla, noma izinyawo
• Ukuqhuma okuphezulu ngokuqhuma
• Izimpawu zezinkinga ezinzima zezinso njengokunciphisa ukuthamba

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenazinkinga, kufanele zihlolwe. Udokotela wakho angaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi aqalise ukulandelela ukuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga ekuqaleni.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Izici ezithile zikwenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa i-HSP, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzothola ngokuqinisekile lesi simo. Ukuziqonda kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu ekuqaleni.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingozi zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala (oluvamile phakathi kweminyaka engu-2-11)
• Ukuba owesilisa (ingozi enkulu kunabesifazane)
• Ukutheleleka kwesiguli esiphezulu sokuphefumula
• Izizini zokuwa kwehlobo (lapho ukutheleleka kuvamile khona)
• Ukuba nezinye izimo zokuzimela komzimba emndenini wakho
• Izici ezithile ze-genetic ezithinta umsebenzi we-immune

Abantu abadala abathuthukisa i-HSP bangaba nezici ezihlukile ezingozi, kuhlanganise imithi ethile noma izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo. Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu kubantu abadala uma kuqhathaniswa nabantwana.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Nakuba abantu abaningi abane-HSP baphila ngokuphelele, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ukuze ukwazi ukubuka izimpawu zezexwayiso. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga ezinzima azivamile, ikakhulukazi ngokulandelela okuhle.

Izinkinga ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga zezinso (ezithinta cishe u-30-50% wabantu abane-HSP)
• Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu obungase budinge ukungena esibhedlela
• Ukuqina kwamajoyinti okungase kuhlale amasonto noma izinyanga
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba ezindaweni lapho ukuqhuma kwakukhulu khona
• Ukuphindaphinda kwezimpawu ngemva kwamasonto noma izinyanga

Ukuhileleka kwezinso yinkinga enkulu kakhulu engase ibe khona. Lokhu kungase kuhluke kusuka eprotheni encane emanzini kuya ekukhulu kakhulu kokuvuvukala kwezinso okudinga ukwelashwa.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zihlanganisa ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu kwesisu, ukuvimbela kwamathumbu, noma isifo esingapheli sesinso. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kubantu abadala kunabantwana.

I-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura ixilongwa kanjani?

Ayikho i-test eyodwa eqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-HSP. Kunalokho, udokotela wakho uzobheka izimpawu zakho, ahlole ukuqhuma kwakho, futhi enze ama-test amaningana ukuze aphule ezinye izimo futhi ahlole izinkinga.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba, egxila ekukhumeni kwakho, amajoyinti, nesisu. Bazocindezela ezindaweni zokuqhuma ukuze babone ukuthi bayaphela yini, okusisiza ukuhlukanisa i-HSP kwezinye izimo.

Ama-test avamile ahlanganisa:

• Ama-test amanzi ukuhlola igazi noma iprotheni
• Ama-test egazi ukuhlola umsebenzi wesinso nokuphula ezinye izimo
• Ukulinganiswa kokucindezeleka kwegazi
• Ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy yesikhumba uma ukuxilongwa kungacaci
• Ama-test e-stool uma kukhona izimpawu zokugaya ukudla

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukusekelwe ekubeni nokuqhuma okukhethekile kanye nomunye umpawu njengobuningi bamajoyinti, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukuhileleka kwezinso.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Ukwelashwa kwe-HSP kugxila ekuphatheni izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga, njengoba ayikho indlela yokwelapha lesi simo esiyisisekelo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izimo eziningi ziyaphela zodwa phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lungase luhlanganise:

• Izinhlungu ezifana ne-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen ngobuningi bamajoyinti
• I-corticosteroids ngobuningi besisu obukhulu noma ukuhileleka kwezinso
• Imithi yokuvikela izinso zakho uma zithintekile
• Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi uma kudingeka
• Ukubhekwa okuqonde ngokuhlola okujwayelekile nama-test amanzi

Ezimeni ezilula, ungase ungadingeki ukwelashwa okuthile ngaphandle kokupumula nokuphatha izimpawu. Udokotela wakho uzoqamba isimiso sokulandelela ukubuka izinkinga zezinso.

Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho ukuhileleka kwezinso kunzima khona, ungase udinga ukwelashwa okukhulu njengemithi yokucindezela i-immune noma ngisho ne-dialysis, nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu.

Indlela yokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi se-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Nakuba ukulandelela kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ekhaya ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile futhi usekele ukubuyela kwakho. Lezi zindlela zokunakekelwa ekhaya zisebenza kanye nokwelashwa kwakho kwezokwelapha.

Nawa okusiza:

• Thola ukuphumula okuningi ukuze usize umzimba wakho uphile
• Faka izicubu ezibandayo, ezimanzi ezindaweni zokuqhuma ezikhathazayo noma ezingakhululekile
• Phakamisa amajoyinti avuvukile uma ukhululekile
• Dla ukudla okumnandi uma unesifo sesisu
• Hlala unamanzi ngamanzi nezinye izinto eziqandayo
• Gwema imisebenzi engase ibe nzima ubuhlungu bamajoyinti

Gcina ulandelela izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise noma yikuphi ukushintsha ekuqhubeni, amazinga obuhlungu bamajoyinti, noma ukungakhululeki kwesisu. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wakho ukuba alungise ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Ungasebenzisi i-aspirin ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi kubantwana, njengoba ingase ikhulise ingozi yokopha. Namathela ku-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile nge-appointment yakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukuba enze ukuxilongwa okuqondile futhi aqambe uhlelo lokwelashwa oluhle kuwe. Ukulungiselela okuncane kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekulinganisweni kokunakekelwa okuthola.

Ngaphambi kokuya kwakho:

• Bhala phansi ukuthi izimpawu zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani
• Bala noma yiziphi izifo zakamuva, ukutheleleka, noma imithi emisha
• Thatha izithombe zokuqhuma kwakho ukubonisa ukuqhubeka
• Qaphela noma yimuphi umlando womndeni wezimo zokuzimela komzimba
• Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nokwelashwa nokukhathalela okulandelayo
• Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke kanye nezinhlanganisela ozithathayo

Phakathi ne-appointment, ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nanoma yini ongayiqondi. Udokotela wakho ufuna ukukusiza uzizwe ulwazi futhi uqiniseke ngokunakekelwa kwakho.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule mayelana ne-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

I-HSP iyisimo esiphatheka kalula esingase sibe yinkinga uma sivela okokuqala, kodwa ngokuvamile siyaphila kahle ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokubhekwa. Ukuqhuma okukhethekile kanye nezimpawu ezihambisanayo yindlela yomzimba wakho yokubonisa ukuthi isistimu yakho yokukhulula umzimba idinga ukusekelwa ukuze ibuye emuva.

Abantwana abaningi nabantu abadala abane-HSP baphila ngokuphelele phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni. Okubalulekile ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo ukuze uqaphele izinkinga, ikakhulukazi ukuhileleka kwezinso, futhi uphathe izimpawu njengoba zivela.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-HSP akusho ukuthi isistimu yakho yokukhulula umzimba yonakele unomphela. Ngesikhathi, isineke, nokukhathalelwa okuhle kwezokwelapha, abantu abaningi babuyela emisebenzini yabo evamile nempilo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura

Ingabe i-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura iyadluliseka?

Cha, i-HSP ngokwayo ayidluliseki. Nakuba ngokuvamile ilandela ukutheleleka (okungase kudluliseke), isimo se-purpura ngokwaso asinawo amandla okuthuthukisa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye. Kungumphendulo wokuzimela komzimba oyenzeka ngaphakathi komzimba wakho.

I-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Izimo eziningi ze-HSP ziyaphela phakathi kwamasonto angu-4-6, nakuba ezinye izimpawu njengobuningi bamajoyinti zingase zihlale isikhathi eside. Cishe u-30% wabantu bahlangabezana nokuphindaphinda phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa okuqala, kodwa lezi zikhathi zivame ukuba zingenazinkinga kunokuqala.

Ingabe abantu abadala bangathola i-Henoch-Schönlein Purpura?

Yebo, nakuba kungavamile kubantu abadala kunabantwana. Izimo zabantu abadala zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu futhi zivame ukubangela izinkinga ezinzima zezinso. Abantu abadala nabo banethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa izinkinga zesinso ezingapheli njengengxenye yokulimala.

Ingabe ukuqhuma kuzoshiya ama-scars aphakade?

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuqhuma kwe-HSP kuphela ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokushiya ama-scars. Noma kunjalo, ezindaweni lapho ukuqhuma kwakukhulu khona noma uma kwakukhona ukwehla okukhulu kwesikhumba, ukulingana okukhanyayo noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba kungase kuhlale.

Ingabe ngidinga ukulandela ukudla okukhethekile nge-HSP?

Ayikho ukudla okukhethekile kwe-HSP, kodwa ukudla ukudla okulula, okulula ukukugaya kungasiza uma unezimpawu zesisu. Uma unezinso ezihilelekile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukulinganisela usawoti noma iprotheni okwesikhashana. Hlala unamanzi futhi gwema ukudla okubonakala kukhulu izimpawu zakho.